2023届江西省临川、新余高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷

注意事项：

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2.答题时请按要求用笔。

3,请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.…Whereistheplane?Ican*tseeit.

-Itwentoffitstokeepawayfromthesuddenstorm.

A.courseB.road

C.flightD.direction

2.InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLA

Navy.

A.markingB.marked

C.havingmarkedD.beingmarked

3.Iwouldappreciateyoucouldcometomybirthdayparty.

A.thatB.thatitC.ifD.itif

4.ThepredictionfromMayaworriesresidentsDecember21,2012wouldbetheendoftheworld.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which

5.Tomakeextra-classeducationrunontherighttrack,Chinaistighteningofafter-schooltraininginstitutions.

A.applicationB.regulation

C.adaptationD.cooperation

6.—Haveyouheardofyesterday'sgasexplosion?

一Yes.Onlytwoofthe35minersatthescenetohavemadeitoutsafely.

A.havethoughtB.arethought

C.hadthoughtD.werethought

7.—Iamgainingweight.Ineedtoseeadoctor.

—ButIthinkyoueattoomuch..

A.Neglectofhealthisdoctor'swealthB.Laughatyourills,andsavedoctors'bills

C.DietcuresmorethanthedoctorD.Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway

8.Maryreallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe'llhavefinisheditbyFriday.

A.workedB.hasbeenworking

C.hadworkedD.hasworked

9.DimashappearedonthestageofSinger2017,hisvoiceinstantlywonheartsofChineseaudience.

A.AslongasB.AssoonasC.NowthatD.Eversince

10.Thedraftregulationontheonlineprotectionofminors,forpublicopinionsbythe

cyberspaceauthorities,hasdrawnwidepublicconcern.

A.releasingB.havingreleased

C.toreleaseD.released

11.—Didyoucatchthefirstbusthismorning?

—No.IthadleftthestopIgotthere.

A.inthetimeB.atthetime

C.bythetimeD.duringthetime

12.thestudentsfromtheirendlesshomeworktheschoolhasdecidedtotakeaseriesofmeasures.

A.FreedB.Tofree

C.FreeingD.Havingfreed

13.—IheardMr.Morganwouldbehereat4:00pm.nextThursday.

—No,heatthattime.

A.wasboardingB.wouldbeboarding

C.willbeboardingD.isboarding

14.DaniePsfamilytheirholidayinHuangshanthistimenextweek.

A.areenjoyingB.aretoenjoyC.willenjoyD.willbeenjoying

15.Visittheoldmanthisafternoon?Ifyou,makesureyouwearsunscreenstoprotectyourskin.

A.mustB.can

C.mayD.shall

16.We'dbettergonow,we'Hmissthetrain.

A.butB.soC.otherwiseD.therefore

17.HestartedschoolthesamedayasIdidandtoitlikeaducktowater.

A.appealedB.took

C.cateredD.saw

18.OwingtoTheChinesePoetryCompetition^publicationsonclassicalChineseliteratureareasignificant

shareofstoragespaceatthebookstore.

A.takingupB.dividingupC.breakingupD.puttingup

19.AlphaGo'sbeatingGograndmasterLeeSedol4-1hasaninternationaldebateaboutwhetherrobotswill

completelytaketheplaceofhumans.

A.giveoffB.workout

C.setoffD.putout

20.Dadisusedtosmokinganddrinking.There'snochanceI'mabletotalkhiminto.

A.whether;givingitupB.ofwhether;givingthemup

C.that;gettingridofthemD.which;stoppingit

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Trees,someofthetallestintheworld,toweredaboveHannahGriffithsandhercolleagueseach

morningastheywalkeddeepintotherainforestintheMaliauBasininBorneo,wheretheyhadsetupasetof

experimentstolookattheecologicaleffectsofsmallcreatures:termites（白蚁）.

Termitesgetabumran.TheymakeheadlinesforchewingupbillionsofdollarsofpropertyeachyearintheU・S.

Andtheyareresponsibleforsomethingliketwopercentofglobalcarbonemissions,simplyasaresultoftheirhuge

populationsandpreferenceforchewingthroughcarbonrichmaterials.Awholeindustryisaimingatkillingthem.

Buttheyplayakeyroleinmanynaturalecosystems.Scientistshaveknownforyearsthatintropical（热带的）

forests,termiteschewupfallenleavesanddeadwood,keepingthefallenmaterialundercontrolandlettingnutrients

fromthedeadmaterialbackintothesystemtobeusedbyotherplants,insects,andanimals.Buttheydidn'tknow

exactlyhowimportanttheinsectswereinkeepingtheforesthealthyandfunctional,sotheyremovedtermitesfroma

particularspotintheforestandsawhowitresponded.

Asluckwouldhaveit,HannahGriffithsandhercolleaguesstartedtheirexperimentwhentheforestwashitbyan

extremedrought（干旱）.Duringthenon-droughtyears,theysawtherewasn'tmuchdifferencebetweenthenormalplots

andtheoneswherethey'dremovedthetermites.Butduringthedrought,theeffectsweremarked.Whattheyfoundwas

unexpected:inthetermite-richareas,thesoilstayedslightlywet,moretreeseedlingssprouted（抽芽）,andthesystem

wasfullofactivitydespitethelong,harddryspell.

ForGriffiths,itwasonlybecausetheyhappenedtostudythedroughtthattheycouldpickouttherealimportance

oftermitestothesystem,shepointsout."Andthatringsalarmbellsinmyhead,”shesays,^becauseitmakesmethink,

wellwhatelsedon'tweknow?Ifwestartdamagingbiologicalcommunities,wedon'tknowwhatthatwilldo.”

1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“abumrap”underlinedinParagraph2?

A.Unfairblame.B.Widepopularity.

C.Publicattention.D.Specialpreference.

2、Whathavescientistslearnedabouttermites?

A.Theydoseriousharmtotropicalrainforests.

B.Theycontributealottotheecosystemtheylivein.

C.Theyactasfoodforotherplants,insectsandanimals.

D.Theyspeedupthelossofnutritionintherainforest.

3、WhatcanweinferfromthefindingofGriffithsexperiment?

A.Termiteshelprainforestssurviveclimatechange.

Termitespreferdroughtyearstonon-droughtones.

C.Termitesbenefitmorefromtheforestduringthedrought.

D.Termitesenjoyeatingtreeseedlingsduringthedrought.

4、WhatdoesGriffithstellusinthelastparagraph?

A.Termitesarenowindangerofextinction.

B.Termitesdamagebiologicalcommunities.

C.Weshouldthinktwicebeforedamagingaspecies.

D.Weshouldstudythedroughttoimprovethesystem.

22.（8分）Pictureaniceberg（冰山）.You'llprobablyimaginesomethingwhiteassnowrisingupoutofabluesea.

Buticebergscanbeallsortsofshades.Theycanbefromafrostybluetoanattractivegreen.

Researchersandsailorshaveobservedemerald（翠绿色）icebergsforyears.AlargepieceoficeMmast-highnand

ngreenasemeraldMevenappearsinSamuelTaylorColeridge's1834poem.Buttheyhaven'tfoundoutexactlywhythese

icebergslookthewaytheydo.

AnewpaperledbyStephenWarrenwaspublished.Itallhastodowithwhaticebergsaremadeoutof.Icebergs

breakoffglaciers（冰川）oriceshelves,whichhappensmainlyaroundAntarcticaandGreenland.Theybegintheirlivesas

snowfallthataccumulatesovertime.So.icebergscontainairpocketswiththeformofbubblesthatspreadlight.With

someexceptionsandrarelines,glaciericetendstolookbluishwhite.

Atfirst,Warrenguessedthatthegreenwasaproductofmeltcarbon.Anditcamefromrottingplantsorsea

animals.Butsamples（样本）didn'tproveit.Anotherideastartedtotakeshapeaftertheyhadfoundahighconcentration

ofironinasampleofseaicefromtheAmeryIceShelf.

Whenglaciersrubacrossland,theyproducewhat'sknownasglacierflour.Itisaproductofbedrockbeingground

clownbythemovingmass.Asglaciersmoveaway,theseremainsareusuallywashedoutintowater,inparticles

sometimestoosmalltobenoticeabletoyoureyes.Butonland,soilandrockscontainironoxidesthatoftenhaverosy

colors,likereds,yellows,andbrowns-andsincetheseaicecontained500timesmoreironthantheglacierice,Warren

wonderedwhethertheremainswereresponsibleforicebergstakingonagreenappearance.

Hedoesn*tknowforsure.He'shopingtosecuremoneysothathecanreturntotheareaandstudytheicebergs

themselves.

1、WhyisSamuelTaylorColeridge'spoemmentionedinthetext?

A.Ittellswhyicebergslookthewaytheydo.

B.Itdescribesvividlywhaticebergsarelike.

C.Itsayscausesoftheappearanceoficebergs.

D.Itprovestheexistenceofcolorfulicebergs.

2、WhatcanweknowaboutStephenWarren*spaper?

A.Itdrawsonresearchers*andsailors1views.

B.Itistherecordofthemovementoficebergs.

C.Ittalksabouthowicebergscomeintobeing.

D.Itisacollectionofvarioussocialphenomena.

3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph4referto?

A.Asampleofseaice.B.Warren*sfirstguess.

C.Warrenideaoniron.D.Aproductofmeltcarbon.

4、Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Thepossiblereasonwhyicebergslookgreen.

B.Wheremostoficebergseventuallydisappear.

C.Howicebergstakeinthecolorsfromglaciers.

D.Thewayinwhichicebergsbreaksoffglaciers.

23.（8分）TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs（地画）intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru.Itis

rangingfromgeometricpatternstodrawingsofdifferentanimalsandstylizedhuman-likeforms.Theancientlinescan

onlybetrulytakeninfromhighintheair;leavinggenerationspuzzledastohowthesepreciseworkscouldhavebeen

completedlongbeforethedocumentedinventionofhumanflight.

TheLineswerefirstspottedwhencommercialairlinesbeganflyingacrossthePeruviandesertinthe1920,s.Who

builtthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?Aretheyroads,starpointers,maybeevenagiganticmap?Ifthepeoplewho

livedhere2,000yearsagohadonlyasimpletechnology,howdidtheymanagetoconstructsuchprecisefigures?Did

theyhaveaplan?Thesemarkingsarelikeavastpuzzle.

TheNazcaLinesarethemostoutstandinggroupofgeoglyphsintheworld.TherearealsohugegeoglyphsinEgypt,

Malta,UnitedStates（MississippiandCalifornia）,Chile,Boliviaandinothercountries.ButtheNazcageoglyphs,

becauseoftheirnumbers,characteristics,dimensionsandculturalcontinuityastheyweremadeandremadethroughout

acertainhistoryperiod,formthemostimpressivearcheological（考古学的）group.

TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimate

（oneofthedriestonEarth,withonlytwentyminutesofrainfallperyear）andtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizes

theeffectofthewindatgroundlevel.Withnodustorsandtocovertheplainandlittlerainorwindtoerode（腐蚀）it,

linesdrawnheretendtostaydrawn.Thesefactors,combinedwiththeexistenceoflighter-coloredsubsoilbeneaththe

desertsurface,provideavastwritingpadthatissuitedtotheartistwhowantstoleavehismarketernal.

1、502.WhatcanweknowabouttheNazcaLinesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Theywerebuiltasabigmap.

B.Theywereformedbynature.

C.Theyareancientlinesincaves.

D.Theyarehugemarkingsinadesert.

2、504.HowmanyfactorsmaketheNazcaLinesthemostimpressive?

A.One.B.Two.

C.Three.D.Four.

3^506.WhyaretheNazcaLineswellpreserved?

A.Becauseofthewindatgroundlevel.

B.Becauseoftheexistenceofsoftsoil.

C.Becauseoftheclimateandgeography.

D.Becauseofthethicksandonthetop.

4、508.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordueternaF,probablymean?

A.Non-stop.B.Ever-lasting.

C.Real-life.D.High-end.

24.（8分）InhisbookTheTippingPoint:HowLittleThingsCanMakeaBigDifference,theCanadianauthor

MalcolmGladwellexplainshowatrendcantakemanyforms.Itcanbeageneralchangeinsocialbehaviour;anideaor

afashion.However,whydosometrendscatchonandothersnot?Whatmakesoneparticularbrandoftrainingshoes

suddenlybecomethemust-haveproduct?Howdopeoplefindoutabouttrendsandwhatmakespeoplewanttobuyinto

them?Isitsimplyaquestionofkeepingupwithotherpeople?

Inhisnewwork,Gladwellexplorethemomentwhensomethingbecomescommonandhowproducts,ideas,

messagesandformsofbehaviourspread.Helooksatthereasonswhytrendsaresimilarinthewaytheydevelopto

outbreaksofdisease,ormedicalepidemics（流行病）.

Epidemics,liketrends,startinaverysmallway,maybefromasinglepersonwithavirus'thenspreadveryquickly

untiltheytakeoverthepopulationandappeartobeeverywhere.Eventually,theywillslowdowngraduallyordieout

suddenly.Gladwellshowshowthesechangeshappennotgraduallybutatonesuddenmoment.

Gladwellidentifiesthreetypesofpeoplewhoareinfluentialinthedevelopmentofthesekindsofsocialepidemics:

Connectorsarepeopleinacommunitywhohavewidesocialcircles.Theyknowalotofpeopleandliketointroduce

peopletoeachother.Thepeopletheyknowoftencomefromavarietyofsocial,cultural,professionalandeconomic

circles.

Mavensarepeoplewithalotofknowledgeorexpertsinaparticularfield.Theywishtopassontheirknowledgeto

others.Mavenscollectandgatherinformationsoarethefirsttopickuponnewtrends.

Salesmenarepeoplewithcharisma（魅力）.Theyhavea“soft"influenceoverpeopleratherthanactualpower.This

meanstheyareinfluentialbecausepeoplewanttoimitatethem.

Overall,Gladweirsbookisathought-provoking（弓|人深思的）readforanyoneinterestedintheoriginsoftrends.

What'smore,hewritesinaclearstylesoeventhemostdifficultideasareeasytounderstand.

1、WhatdoweknowaboutGladwell?

A.HeisaproductiveNorthAmericanwriter.

B.Hehaswrittenmanybooksonthesubjectoftrends.

C.Hethinkstrendsdevelopinthesamewayasillnesses.

D.Hebelievestherearethreetypesofpeopleintheworld.

2、Accordingtothetext,connectors・

A.areverysocialpersons

B.oftenfollowothers

C.knowmanypeoplefromthesamecircle

D.areknowledgeableandexperienced

3、Whatdowelearnfromthetext?

A.Salesmentrytocontrolotherpeopleusingtheirpower.

B.Mavensquicklybecomeawareofchangesinfashions.

C・ConnectorsandMavenstrytogettheirinformationacross.

D.Gladwell^bookisinterestingbuthardtounderstandforreaders.

25.（10分）WaitingForYou

HarvardArtMuseums,32QuincyStreetCambridgeMAArtStudyCenterOpenHours

ThroughDecember21,theArtStudyCenterwillholdspecialopenhoursonMondays,from1pmto4pm.TheArt

StudyCenterislocatedonLevel4.PleasebepreparedtopresentaphotoID.Theworkerswillchargeyou25centsfor

access.Level4willcheckbags,coats,umbrellas,andanyfoodordrink.Doremembertoputthingsinthelockerson

Level1.StudentGuideTour

Thesetours,designedandledbyHarvardstudentsfromarangeofscientificgroups,focusonanimalsandplantlife.

Theyprovidevisitorsauniqueviewintolearningaboutcreatures.PleasemeetintheCalderwoodCourtyard,infrontof

thedigitalscreensbetweentheshopandtheadmissionsdesk.Freewithmuseumsadmission.Toursarelimitedto15

people;noregistrationrequired.ToursareofferedeveryTuesdayandFridayat2pm,andeverySaturdayandSunday

at3pm.NotethattherewillbenotoursonFriday,November27orSaturday,November28,becauseofthe

Thanks-givingbreak.ArtStudyCenter

Thepubliciswelcometovisitthemuseums9ArtStudyCenter.However,youneedtoshowthetickets.Thetickets5

details:

$15Adults

$13Seniors(65+)

$10Non-Harvardstudents(18+)

FreeHarvardfaculty,students,andstaff(plusoneguest)

FreeYouthunder18

FreeCambridgeresidents(proofofresidencyrequired)

1、Whatshouldthevisitorsknowabouttheactivities?

A.Anyadultneedsa$15tickettovisittheArtStudyCenter.

B.AnyHarvardstaffcanvisittheArtStudyCenterwithafriendforfree.

C.VisitorscanjointheStudentGuideTouronSundaymornings.

D.Agroupof20visitorsshouldgathertogethertojointheStudentGuideTour.

2、Whichinformationcanbefoundinthetext?

A.OnecantakehotdogstoLevel4.

B.TheArtStudyCenterwillholdspecialtoursonTuesdayandFridayat2pm.

C.TheArtStudyCenterneedsregistration.

D.NoticketisrequiredfortheStudentGuideTour.

3、TheStudentGuideTourmightbeledbystudentsgoodat.

A.artB.literature

C.scienceD.politics

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节)第一节(每小题L5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.(30分)ManyyearsagoinasmallIndianvillage,afarmerhadthemisfortuneofowingalargesumofmoney

toavillagemoneylender.Themoneylender,whowasoldandugly,1thefarmer'sbeautifuldaughter.Sohe

proposeda2Hesaidhewouldforgivethefarmer与3ifhecouldmarryhisdaughter.

Boththefarmerandhisdaughterwerehorrifiedbythe4Sothecunningmoneylendersuggestedthathe

puta5pebble(鹅卵石)andawhitepebbleintoanemptymoneybag,6thegirlwouldhavetopickone

pebblefromthebag.7shepickedtheblackpebble,shewouldbecomehis8andherfather'sdebtwould

beforgiven.Ifshepickedthewhitepebbleshe9marryhimandherfather'sdebtwouldstillbeforgivenifshe_

10topickapebble,herfatherwouldbethrownintojail.

Theywerestandingonapebble-strewn11inthefarmer'sfieldwhenthemoneylenderbentoverto12

twopebble.Ashepickedthemup,thesharp-eyedgirl13thathehadpickeduptwoblackpebblesandputthem

intothebeg.

Thegirlputherhandintothemoneybaganddrewouta14.Withoutlookingatit,shefumbledandletit.

15ontothepebble-strewnpathwhereit16becamelostamongailtheotherpebbles.

"Oh,how17ofme!”shesaid.uButnevermind,ifyoulookintothebagfortheonethatis18,youwill

beabletotellwhichpebbleIpicked.^^

Themoneylenderdarednotadmithis19Thegirlchangedwhatseemedan20situationintoan

extremelyadvantageousone.

1、A.enviedB.marriedC.fanciedD.helped

2、A.meetingB.changeC.bargainD.toast

3、A.debtB.,payment（I・faultD.pride

4、A.thoughtB.adviceC.planD.proposal

5、A.sharpIkblackC.commonD.small

6、A.forB.andC.butD.or

7、A.BecauseB・AlthoughC.IfD.Since

8、A.moneylenderB.servantC.wifeD.daughter

9、A.couldn'tB.shouldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn't

10、A.pretendedB.agreedC.refusedD.decided

11、A.pathB.areaC.placeD.garden

12NA.throwawayB.askforC.pickupD.pointat

13、A.ignoredB.warnedC.noticedD.suggested

14^A.pennyB.pebbleC.coinD.piece

15、A.rollB.fallC.flyD.move

16、A.interestinglyB.mysteriouslyC.unexpectedlyD.immediately

17^A.clumsyB.forgetfulC.stupidD.hopeless

18>A.heldB.chosenC.foundD.left

19、A.dishonestyB.worryC.mistakeD.guilt

20^A.impossibleB.embarrassingC.urgentD.unbelievable

第二节（每小题L5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.（15分）Wewanteveryonetorespectus.Dowerespecteveryonearoundus?TheanswerisabigNO!Wedon't

respect1.wethinkisbetterthanus.wedon*trespectpoorandoldpeople,andwedon'trespectwhowefeelislessbetter

2.us.Sohowcanwewinrespect?Theeasiestway3.（gain）respectisbygivingrespect.

Winningrespectmightbedifficultbutnotimpossible.Don*tusebadlanguage.Being4.（help）andlisteningto

someoneareasignofgivingrespectand5.（win）respectaswell.Withpatienceandpractice,youcangetanykindof

virtue.

Flowersarethemain6.（attract）ofanytypeofdecorationandinthesamewayrespectisthebeautyoflife.Lifeis

terrible7,respectJustthinkwheneveryougotoaparty,everyonethereisnottreatedequally.Doyouknowwhy?

Becauseof8.（they）manners.

Whyarewenottreatedsometimesas9.（expect）?Becausewedothesametootherswhohaveexpectationsfromus.

Relationshipcanbehealthyifwenevercrossthewallsofrespect.Withoutrespect,youcan'tlive.Youneedrespect

everywhere,inlife,inwork,insocietyorinfamily.Arespectedperson10.（speak）politely.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,

每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

WhenIwasinhighschool,Iwantedtogetascholarshiptoauniversity.Ilikedsinging,soItryoutforascholarshipfor

music.ButIfailedtogetone.Iwasrealupset.Ifeltlikefailure.Ijustkeptfeelingsorryforme.However;afterafew

day,IdecidednottoletonesinglelosstokeepmefromdoingwhatIlove.ButIcheeredupanddevotedmyselftosing

again.Ithinkthatacceptingfailureisthatweneedtodofirstbeforewesuccesseventually.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

29.（25分）假定你是李华，计划本周末和同学一起去河