西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

目录

2010年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英

语考研真题及详解

2011年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英

语考研真题及详解

2012年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英

语考研真题及详解

2013年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英

语考研真题及详解

2014年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英

语考研真题及详解

2010年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

TaskOne:VocabularyandGrammaticalStructure

SectionA

Directions:Thissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytointerpretthe

meaningsofwordsindifferentcontexts.Readeachofthefollowing

sentencescarefullyandselectonewordorphrasefromthefourchoicesthat

isclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordineachsentence,andthenwrite

youranswersontheAnswerSheet.(20%)

1．TheinventionofthethermometerisattributedtoGalileo.

A.charged

B.given

C.told

D.credited

【答案】D

【解析】句意：温度计的发明归功于伽利略。becreditedto把……归功

于。

2．Whenanaircrafttravelsatsubsonicspeeds,thesoundsthatitgenerates

extendinalldirections.

A.creates

B.manufactures

C.powers

D.spawns

【答案】A

【解析】句意：当一架飞机以亚音速飞行时，它发出的声音会传向各个

方向。generate使形成；发生。spawn使大量出现；产卵。

3．Itisdisputablehowfardownintheanimalserieslymphoidtissueis

found.

A.uncertain

B.scandalous

C.disagreeable

D.surprising

【答案】A

【解析】句意：关于淋巴组织发现于多久以前的动物这一问题存在争

议。disputable有争议的。scandalous可耻的；诽谤性的。disagreeable不

愉快的；厌恶的。

4．ProjectHeadStart,whichwasinauguratedintheUnitedStatesin1965,is

afederallyfundedpreschoolprogramforeconomicallyandculturally

disadvantagedchildren.

A.installed

B.initiated

C.conceived

D.crafted

【答案】B

【解析】句意：“先行计划”1965年发起于美国，是一个学前教育项目，

联邦资助经济和文化方面的弱势儿童。inaugurate创新；开辟。initiate开

始；发起。install安装；任命。conceive构思。craft精巧地制作。

5．Duringthe300yearsbetweenitsintroductionintomedicineandWorld

WarI,quininewastheonlyeffectiveremedyformalaria.

A.solution

B.plan

C.bacteria

D.treatment

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在初次用于药物到第一次世界大战的300年间，奎宁是

治疗疟疾的唯一有效药物。remedy补救；治疗。

6．Castoroilanditsderivativesareusedincosmetics,hairoils,and

medicines.

A.products

B.elements

C.relatives

D.sources

【答案】A

【解析】句意：蓖麻油及其衍生物可用于制作化妆品、发油和药物。

derivative衍生物，派生物。

7．GrandTetonNationalParkembracesthemostscenicportionofthe

glaciated,snow-coveredTetonRange.

A.excludes

B.contains

C.dominates

D.fulfills

【答案】B

【解析】句意：大提顿国家公园包含覆盖着冰川和白雪的特顿山脉风景

最美的部分。embrace拥抱；包含。

8．Scientistsgenerallyholdthatlanguagehasbeensolonginusethatthe

lengthoftimewritingisknowntocoveristriflingincomparison.

A.overwhelming

B.insignificant

C.astounding

D.uninspiring

【答案】B

【解析】句意：科学家们普遍认为，人们使用语言的时间如此长，以至

于使用书写的时间与之相比也微不足道了。trifling不重要的，微不足道

的。insignificant无关紧要的。overwhelming压倒性的；势不可挡的。

astounding令人震惊的。uninspiring不令人振奋的。

9．Malariaisaninfectiousparasiticdiseasethatcanbeeitheracuteor

chronicandisfrequentlyrecurrent.

A.repeating

B.terminal

C.debilitating

D.unhealthy

【答案】A

【解析】句意：疟疾是一种传染性寄生虫病，可能是急性也可能是慢

性，而且经常复发。recurrent复发的；周期性的。debilitating使衰弱的。

10．Theonlysafewayofdistinguishingbetweenedibleandpoisonous

mushroomsistolearntoidentifytheindividualspecies.

A.separate

B.classify

C.isolate

D.recognize

【答案】D

【解析】句意：区分食用蘑菇与毒蘑菇唯一保险的方法是学会识别单个

物种。identify鉴定；识别。

11．AdriaenBrouwerhasbeendescribedasamanofrecklesshabits.

A.healthy

B.wise

C.reasonable

D.careless

【答案】D

【解析】句意：AdriaenBrouwer被描述为一个鲁莽的人。reckless鲁莽

的，不顾后果的。reasonable合理的，公道的。

12．OfKarlBrugmann’smanypublicationsonIndo-Europeanlinguistics,

themostoriginalishisarticleonthesonantnasal.

A.imaginary

B.unreal

C.inventive

D.uncreative

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在卡尔·布鲁曼众多关于印欧语言学的作品中，最新颖

的是关于鼻浊音的文章。original新颖的；独创的。inventive有创造力

的，善于创新的。

13．LordByron’seccentrichabitsalienatedmanyofhiscountrymen.

A.unconventional

B.daily

C.typical

D.friendly

【答案】A

【解析】句意：拜伦的古怪习惯当时使许多人疏远了他。eccentric古怪

的。unconventional非常规的。

14．TheBrownsvilleareainTexasfiguredprominentlyintheearlystagesof

theUnitedStates’warwithMexico.

A.inconspicuously

B.indecisively

C.prematurely

D.importantly

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在美国与墨西哥的战争初期，德克萨斯州的布朗斯维尔

地区占据了重要地位。prominently显著地。inconspicuously难以觉察

地。indecisively优柔寡断地。prematurely过早地。

15．TheHarpersFerryraidonlyhelpedtodeepenthechasmbetweenthe

twosidesintheAmericanCivilWar.

A.friendship

B.trust

C.loyalty

D.rift

【答案】D

【解析】句意：哈普斯轮渡事件只是加深了美国南北战争双方之间的分

歧。chasm峡谷；分歧。rift裂缝；不和。

16．JeanCarpeaux’sworksexpressedarhythmandvarietythatwerenotin

accordwithhiscontemporaries.

A.opposition

B.difference

C.agreement

D.conflict

【答案】C

【解析】句意：让·卡尔波的作品表达了与同时代人不一致的节奏和变

化。accord符合；一致。

17．Byincreasingfluidintake,onecansubstantiallylowertheriskofkidney

stones.

A.definitely

B.probably

C.greatly

D.slightly

【答案】C

【解析】句意：增加液体摄入可大幅降低肾结石的风险。substantially大

量地，可观地。

18．Themarinemammalmostvulnerabletotheeffectsofoilspillsisthesea

otter.

A.resistant

B.adjusted

C.accustomed

D.susceptible

【答案】D

【解析】句意：最容易受到石油泄露影响的海洋哺乳动物是海獭。

vulnerable易受……的攻击；易受伤害的。susceptible易受影响的。

19．Accordingtothe1966SupremeCourtdecisionMirandav.Arizona,a

policeofficerisobligated,beforemakinganarrest,toinformthesuspectof

hisorherrights.

A.instructed

B.authorized

C.required

D.needed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：1966年，最高法院对于米兰达诉亚利桑那州案的决议

为，警察在逮捕嫌疑人之前有义务告知嫌疑人其权利。obligated有义务

的；责无旁贷的。

20．Asapersonages,smallchangescanoccurintheeyeswithoutadversely

affectingvision.

A.actually

B.negatively

C.seriously

D.permanently

【答案】B

【解析】句意：随着年龄增长，眼睛会产生一些不会对视力产生不利影

响的小变化。adversely不利地。

SectionB

Directions:Ineachofthefollowingsentences,somepartofthesentenceor

thewholeisunderlined.Rephrasetheunderlinedpartsoastoexpressmost

effectivelywhatispresentedintheoriginalsentence.Yourcorrectionshould

beclearandexact,withoutawkwardness,ambiguityorredundancy.Write

youranswersontheAnswerSheet.(10%)

21．Morethanfivehundredyearsago,Chinesescholarsaccurately

describedtheflowofbloodasacontinuouscirclecontrolledbytheheart,but

itwasunnoticedintheWest.

【答案】butthediscoverywas

【解析】it不能代替前面的一整句话，因此应改为thediscovery。

22．Formembersoftheseventeenth-centuryAshantinationinAfrica,

animal-hideshieldswithwoodenframeswereessentialitemsofmilitary

equipment,amethodtoprotectwarriorsagainstenemyarrowsandspears.

【答案】protecting

【解析】划线前的句子成分完整，后接现在分词相当于非限制性定语，

常用逗号分开。protecting表示“盾牌”用来保护勇士奋勇杀敌，避免敌人

的矛和箭的攻击。

23．ALaborDepartmentstudystatesthatthenumbersofwomenemployed

outsidethehomegrewbymorethanathirty-fivepercentincreaseinthepast

decadeandaccountedformorethansixty-twopercentofthetotalgrowthin

thecivilianworkforce.

【答案】numberofwomenemployedoutsidethehomeincreasedbymore

thanthirty-fivepercent

【解析】thenumberof……的数量。grewby与increase语义重复。

24．PublishedinHarlem,theownerandeditoroftheMessengerweretwo

youngjournalists,ChandlerOwenandA.PhilipRandolph,whowouldlater

makehisreputationasalaborleader.

【答案】PublishedinHarlem,TheMessengerwasownedandeditedbytwo

youngjournalists,A.PhilipRandolph,whowouldlatermakehisreputation

asalaborleader,andChandlerOwen.

【解析】“PublishedinHarlem”应修饰“TheMessenger”，不应该修饰“the

ownerandeditorofTheMessenger”。

25．Whatwasasremarkableasthedevelopmentofthecompactdischas

beentheuseofthenewtechnologytorevitalize,inbettersoundthanwas

everbeforepossible,someoftheclassicrecordedperformancesofthepre-LP

era.

【答案】Nolessremarkablethanthedevelopmentofthecompactdisc

【解析】这个句子为倒装句，主语是theuseofthenewtechnologyto…，

hasbeen前为表语。whatwas...和后面hasbeen...时态有冲突。

TaskTwo:ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:Readthefollowingtwotexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweach

textbychoosingA.,B.,C.orD.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.

(20%)

Text1

Positivesurprisesfromgovernmentreportsonretailsales,industrial

production,andhousinginthepastfewmonthsareleadingeconomiststo

revisetheirrealgrossdomesticproductforecastsupward,supportingthe

notionthattherecessionendedinDecemberorJanuary.

Bearinmind:Thisrecoverywon’thavethevitalitynormallyassociatedwith

anupturn.EconomistsnowexpectrealGDPgrowthofabout1.5%inthefirst

quarter.That’sbetterthanthe0.4%theconsensusprojectedinDecember,but

muchoftheadditionalgrowthwillcomefromaslowerpaceofinventory

draw-downs,notfromsurgingdemand.

Moreover,theeconomywon’tgrowfastenoughtohelpthelabormarkets

much.Theonlygoodnewsthereisthatjoblessclaimshavefallenbackfrom

theirspikeafterSeptember11andthattheircurrentlevelsuggeststhepaceof

layoffsiseasing.

TherecoveryalsodoesnotmeantheFederalReservewillraiseinterestrates

soon.TheJanuarypriceindexesshowthatinflationremainstame.

Consequently,theFedcantakeitstimeshiftingmonetarypolicyfrom

extremeaccommodationtorelativeneutrality.

PerhapsthebestnewsfromthelatesteconomicreportswastheJanuarydata

onindustrialproduction.Totaloutputfellonly0.1%,itsbestshowingsince

July.Factoryoutputwasflat,alsothebestperformanceinsixmonths.Those

numbersmaynotsoundencouraging,butmanufacturershavebeenin

recessionsincelate2000.Thedatasuggestthatthefactorysectorisfindinga

bottomfromwhichtostartitsrecovery.

Productionofconsumergoods,forinstance,isalmostbackuptowhereit

wasayearago.That’sbecauseconsumerdemandformotorvehiclesand

othergoodsandthehousingindustryremainedhealthyduringtherecession,

andtheyarestillgrowinginearly2002.

Besides,boththemonthlyhomebuildingstartsnumberandthehousing

marketindexforthepasttwomonthsarerunningabovetheiraveragesforall

of2001,suggestingthathomebuildingisofftoagoodstartandprobably

won’tbeabigdragonGDPgrowththisyear.

Equallyimportanttotheoutlookishowthesolidhousingmarketwillhelp

demandforhome-relatedgoodsandservices.Traditionally,consumersbuy

thebulkoftheirfurniture,electronics,andtextileswithinayearof

purchasingtheirhomes.Thus,spendingonsuchitemswilldowellthisyear,

evenascarsalesslipnowthatincentivesarelessattractive.Lookforthe

outputofconsumergoodstotopyear-agolevelsincomingmonths.

Eventhebusinessequipmentsectorseemstohavebottomedout.Itsoutput

rose0.4%inJanuary,ledbya0.6%jumpcomputergear.Apickupinorders

forcapitalgoodsinthefourthquartersuggeststhatproductionwillkeep

increasing—althoughatarelaxedpace—incomingmonths.

26．Americaneconomistsaresurprisedtoseethat_____.

A.theirgovernmentisannouncingtheendofarecession

B.USeconomyisshowingsomesignsofanupturnsosoon

C.someeconomicsectorshavebecomeleadingindustries

D.theyhavetorevisetheproductforecastssooften

27．ThemostencouragingfactabouttheUSeconomyisthat_____.

A.employmentrateshaverisenfasterthanexpected.

B.theFederalReservewillraiseinterestratessoon

C.GDPisgrowingbecauseofsurgingdemand

D.industrialproductionhasreacheditslowestpoint

28．WhichofthefollowingbestbrightensthefutureofUSeconomy?

A.Businessequipment.

B.Computergear.

C.Housingmarket.

D.Motorvehicles.

29．Inspiteofthegoodnews,theauthorsoundsrelativelymorereserved

about_____.

A.nationalGDPgrowth

B.priceindexes

C.outputofconsumergoods

D.thenumberoflayoffs

30．WhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheUSeconomicsituation

today?

A.Allthedatastillshowableakyearin2002.

B.Itisslowlywarmingupwithmoderategrowth.

C.Recessionmaycomebackanytimeinthecomingmonths.

D.Mostsectorsarepickingupatasurprisinglyfastpace.

【答案与解析】

26．B文章第一段指出政府报告中关于过去几个月的零售业、工业生产

和房地产的“positivesurprise”使得经济学家们修改了他们关于GDP的预

测，这说明美国经济是呈恢复趋势的。

27．D由第五段可知，最好的消息可能来自1月份关于工业生产的数

据，“Thedatasuggestthatthefactorysectorisfindingabottomfromwhich

tostartitsrecovery.”，也就是说，工业生产已经达到了最低点，后面将

呈上升趋势。

28．C由倒数第三段“suggestingthathomebuildingisofftoagoodstart

andprobablywon’tbeabigdragonGDPgrowththisyear.”以及倒数第二

段中“thesolidhousingmarket”可知，房地产最有可能拉动美国经济增

长。

29．A根据第四段“TheJanuarypriceindexesshowthatinflationremains

tame.”，倒数第四段“Productionofconsumergoods,forinstance,isalmost

backuptowhereitwasayearago.”及第三段“theircurrentlevelsuggeststhe

paceoflayoffsiseasing”可见作者对B、C、D项比较乐观。

30．B根据最后一段“productionwillkeepincreasing—althoughata

relaxedpace—incomingmonths”可知，美国经济正在缓慢好转。

Text2

Eversincethisgovernment’stermbegan,theattitudetoteachershasbeen

overshadowedbytheviewthatgoodteacherscannotberewardedifitmeans

badteachersarerewarded,too.That’swhy,despitetheobviousneedfor

them,bigpayriseshavenotbeenawardedtoteachersacrosstheboard.The

latestpayrisewas3.6percent-madeinthepresentsituation.That’swhy,as

well,thelongbattleoverperformance-relatedpaywasfoughtasteacher

numbersslid.

Theideaisthatsomekindofyearzerocaneventuallybeachievedwhereby

allthebadteachersaregoneandonlythegoodteachersremain.Thatiswhy

theGovernment’sattemptstorelievetheteachershortagehavebeenso

focusedonofferingincentivestogetanewgenerationofteachersinto

training.Theassumptionisthatsomanyoftheteacherswehavealreadyhad

arebadandthatonlybystartingagaincanstandardsberaised.

Buttheteachershortageisnotcausedonlybecauseofatackofnewteachers

comingintotheprofession.Itisalsobecauseteachinghasaretention

problem,withmanyleavingtheprofession.Thesepeoplehavetheirreasons

fordoingso,whichcannotbepurelyaboutwantingirresponsiblyto

“abandon”pupilsmorepermanently.Suchanexodussuggeststhateven

beyondthehateduniongrandstanding,teachersarenothappy.

UnionsandtheGovernmentappeartobeinbroadagreementthatthe

shortageofteachersisabadstateofaffairs.Oddly,though,theydon’tseem

entirelytoagreethatthereasonsforthismaylieinfeaturesoftheprofession

itselfandthewayitisrun.Instead,theGovernmentissosuspiciousofthe

ideathatteachersmaybeabletorepresentthemselves,thattheyhavesetup

theGeneralTeachingCouncil,abodythatwillrepresentteacherswhether

theywantittoornot,andtowhichtheyhavetopay25poundsayear

whethertheywanttoornot.

Theattitudesofbothsidespromisetoexacerbateratherthansolvethe

problem.Teachersarecertainlyexacerbatingtheproblembystressingjust

howbadthingsare.Quiteafewpotentialteachersmustbeputoff.Andwhile

theGovernmenthasmadequiteasuccessofconvincingthepublicthatbad

educationisalmostexclusivelylinkedtobadteachersrepresentedby

destructiveunions,italsoseemsappallingthatinasurveylastyear,working

hoursforprimaryteachersaveraged53hoursperweek,whilesecondary

teachersclockedup51hours.

Attheirspringconferences,thefourmajorteachingunionsintendtoballot

theirmembersondemandingfromtheGovernmentanindependentinquiry

intoworkingconditions.ThisfollowstheMcCronereportinScotland,which

producedanagreementtolimithoursto35perweek,withamaximumclass

contact-timeof22andahalfhours.Thatsoundsmostattractive.

31．Itisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthata3.6percentpayrise_____.

A.isnoteasytocomeby

B.istoobigevenforgoodteachers

C.istoosmalltobeattractive

D.istoobigforbadteachersandsmallforgoodones

32．Thegovernmentmakesattractivepoliciestopullanewgenerationof

teachersintotrainingbecauseit_____.

A.ismoreconcernedaboutfutureshortageofqualifiedteachers

B.isdisappointedwiththepresentgenerationofteachers

C.believestheshortageiscausedbythereluctanceofnewteachersinto

teaching

D.doubtsthattheteacherswillimprovetheirskillsevenwithexpensive

retraining

33．Whileadmittingthepresentteachershortageisatoughproblem,the

government_____.

A.hasmadenoattempttowardsitssolution

B.failstoidentifytherealcausefortheproblem

C.attributesittotheteachers’lackofresponsibility

D.imposesstricteradministrativeregulationsuponteachers

34．Animportantreasonwhyteachersareleavingtheirpostsisprobably

relatedto_____.

A.longworkinghours

B.thepersuasionoftheunions

C.theconflictbetweenthegovernmentandunions

D.theincreaseinthenumberofbadteachers

35．Theword“exacerbate”inthefifthparagraphmeans_____.

A.worsen

B.tackle

C.exaggerate

D.identify

【答案与解析】

31．C由第一段最后一句“That’swhy,aswell,thelongbattleover

performance-relatedpaywasfoughtasteachernumbersslid.”可知，这些加

薪的确太少而不能吸引老师。

32．C第二段第一句提到，政府这样做的原因是基于“Theassumptionis

thatsomanyoftheteacherswehavealreadyhadarebadandthatonlyby

startingagaincanstandardsberaised.”，也就是认为短缺是由于新教师不

愿意从事教学工作造成的。

33．B由第四段“Oddly,though,theydon’tseementirelytoagreethatthe

reasonsforthismayliein…”可知，尽管政府承认教师短缺这一情况很严

重，但是他们似乎对背后的原因有错误的认识。

34．A由最后一段可知，协议将每周工作时间限制在每周35小时，这

听起来最有吸引力。由此可见教师离职的原因可能是工作时间太长。

35．A根据后面“ratherthansolvetheproblem”可知，exacerbate的意思

为“使加剧；使恶化”。

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.(10%)

TheUnseeingEye

Theoldmanstoodthereataloss,hissunkeneyesstaringatthemanseated

behindthetable.Raisinghishand,hewipedthesweatfromhisforeheadand

heavilywrinkledface.Hedidn’tusethetraditionalkerchiefandheadbandas

usual,thoughhecouldfeelthesweatrunningdownhistempleandneck,and

hegavenoreplytothemanseatedbehindthetablewhowentonaskinghim,

“Whydidyougoinopeningallthedoorsofthewardslookingforyourwife?

Whydidn’tyoucomedirectlytoEnquires?”Theoldmankeptsilent.Why,

though,wasthemanseatedbehindthetablecontinuingtoopenonedrawer

afteranother?Hiseyesbusywatchinghim,hesaid,“Icameheretheday

beforeyesterdaywantingthehospitalandlookingforthemotherofmy

children.”

Themanseatedbehindthetablemutteredirritably,blaminghimselffornot

havingeverlearnedhowtoasktherightquestion,howtogetaconversation

going,andwhyitwasthathisquestion,fullofexplanations,andsometimes

ofannoyance,weren’teffective.Hepuffedathiscigaretteasheenquiredin

exasperation,“What’syourwife’sname?”Theoldmanatoncereplied,

“ZeinabMohamed.”Themanseatedbehindthetablebeganflippingthrough

thepagesofthethickledger;eachtimeheturnedoverapagetherewasa

loudnoisethatwasheardbyeveryoneinthewaitingroom.Hewenton

flippingthroughthepagesofhisledger,pursinghislipslistlessly,then

nervously,ashekeptbringingtheledgerclosetohisfaceuntilfinallyhe

said,“Yourwifecameinherethedaybeforeyesterday?”Theoldmanin

reliefatonceanswered,“Yes,sir,whenherheartcametoastop.”Onceagain

irritated,themanseatedbehindthetablemumbledtohimself,“Hadherheart

stoppedshewouldn’tbehere,neitherwouldyou”.Withhiseyesstillonthe

ledger,hesaid,“She’sinWard4,butit’snotpermittedforyoutoenterher

wardbecausethereareotherwomenthere.”Yawning,hecalledtothenurse

leaningagainstthewall.Shecameforward,inherhandapapercupfrom

whichshewasdrinking.Motioningwithhisheadtotheman,hesaid,“Ward

Number4—ZeinabMohamed.”Thenursewalkedahead,withoutraisingher

mouthfromthecup.Theoldmanaskedhimselfhowitwasthatthiswoman

workedinahospitalthatwascrammedwithmen,eventhoughshespoke

Arabic.Havingarrivedattheward,thenurselefthimoutsideaftertelling

himtowait;then,afterawhile,shecameoutandsaidtohim,“Therearetwo

womencalledZeinabMohamed.Oneofthem,though,hasonlyoneeye.

WhichoneisyourwifesothatIcancallher?”

Theoldmanwasthrownintoconfusion.Oneeye?HowamItoknow?He

triedtorecallwhathiswifeZeinablookedlike,withherlonggownandblack

headdress,theveil,andsometimestheblackcoveringenvelopingherface

andsometimesremovedandlyingonherneck.Hecouldpictureherasshe

walkedandsat,chewingamorselandthentakingitoutofhermouthsoasto

placeitinthatofherfirst-born.Herchildren.Oneeye.HowamItoknow?

Hecouldpictureherstretchedoutonthebed,hereyesclosed.Theoldman

wasthrownintoconfusionandfoundhimselfsaying,“WhenIcallher,she’ll

knowmyvoice.”Thenursedoubtedwhetherhewasinfactvisitinghiswife;

however,givinghimanotherglance;shelaughedathersuspicionsandasked

him,“Howlonghavethetwoofyoubeenmarried?”Again,hewasconfused

ashesaid,“Allahknowsbest—thirty,fortyyears...”

36．Whatdoesthetitleofthetextsuggest?

37．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthemanseatedbehindthetable?

38．Howdidtheoldmanrespondtothenurse’squestions?

39．Findsufficientevidenceinthetextthatrevealstheoldman’sArabian

identity.

40．Writetwosentencestohighlightthemessageofthetext.

【答案与解析】

36．Theoldmanfailedtoseewhatbeshouldhaveseen.

（文章的最后一段的最后一句“…Allahknowsbest―thirty,forty

years…”中可以得知老人与妻子结婚三、四十年了。在该段还可推断他

们是阿拉伯人，而阿拉伯妇女要头带“...blackheaddress,theveil,and

sometimestheblackcoveringenvelopingherface…”，这使老人虽然与妻

子结婚几十年也未能见到妻子的芳容。）

37．Heseemedtolosehispatiencetooeasily.

（根据第二段“Themanseatedbehindthetablemutteredirritably,blaming

himselffornothavingeverlearned…”可知，坐在桌后的那个男人很不耐

烦。）

38．Hewaspuzzled.

（由最后一段第一句“Theoldmanwasthrownintoconfusion.”可知，护士

的问题使这个老人陷入了困惑。）

39．Hisattitudetowardthenurse,hismemoriesofhisspouseandhis

kerchiefandheadband.

（第一段说老人没有用“thetraditionalkerchiefandheadband”去擦汗：第

二段说“Theoldmanaskedhimselfhowitwasthatthiswomanworkedina

hospitalthatwascrammedwithmen”；在最后一段第三句“Hetriedto

recallwhathiswifeZeinablookedlike…”，这些细节都说明老人应该是个

传统的阿拉伯人。）

40．AnoldArabianmanwenttothehospitaltofindhiswife.Butwhen

askedaboutthefacialfeaturesofhiswife,hehadnoideaaboutthat.

（文章讲述了一位阿拉伯老人去医院找他妻子的故事，但是医院里有两

个同名的人，当被问及他妻子的相貌特征时，老人却不知道。）

TaskThree:CompositionWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingessayquestioncarefully,formulateatitle

basedonthequestionandwritea400-wordcompositionontheAnswer

Sheet.(40%)

Somepeoplethinkthatvisitorstoforeigncountriesshouldsimulatelocal

customsandbehavior,butsomepeopledisagreewiththisidea,becausethey

thinkthatthehostcountryshouldwelcomeculturaldifferences.Stateyour

ownopinionandexplainyourmainpointswithsupportingdetails.

【参考范文】

Thetourismindustryisboominginmanycountries.Duetoconvenient

transportationandincentivepolicies,peopleoftentravelothercountriesfor

holidaysorforofficialtrips.Butthereisanongoingdebateaboutwhether

foreignvisitorsshouldfollowlocalcustomsandbehaviorsduringtheirstay

inhostcountries.Somepeoplearguethatthehostcountryshouldwelcome

culturaldifferences.Inmyopinion,travellersshouldrespectandfollowthe

hostcountry’straditionsandcultures.

Aboveall,experiencingexoticculturesisthefundamentalpurposeof

travelingtoforeigncountries.Whentheforeignersvisitothercountries,they

carrytheirculturealongwiththem.Iftheyadoptthelocalcustomsduring

theirstayinthehostcountry,itwillbeveryhelpfulforthemtogetbetter

communicationwiththelocalpeople.Mostpeopleconsidertravellingasa

waytorelaxaswellasachanceforself-improvementandexploringthe

world.Travellingisagoodopportunitytotrynewthingssuchastraditional

cuisines,musicandcustoms.Adaptingtolocalcultureswillhelpthe

foreignertoknowmoreaboutlocalculturesandrituals.Theycanexperience

andhaveabetterunderstandingoflocalculture.Forexample,peoplewho

havevisitedplaceslikeIndia,EgyptorChinahavebeenveryexcitedwhen

theytriedthelocalfoodorworetraditionaldress.Anexperiencelikethis

broadenspeople’shorizonsandenrichestheirknowledge.

Besides,thiswillhelpculturestospreadmoreextensivelyandglobally,

thereby,agreatnumberofvisitorsfromdifferentcountrieswillalsobe

attractedbythedestination.Thiswillhelppromptthetourismindustryand

alsoprovidemoreemploymentopportunitiesintherelatedindustries.

Somelocalcustomsandbehaviorsaremostlyregulatedbythereligionofthe

country,whichisverysensitivetomostpeople.Forinstance,insomeIslamic

countries,governmentsprohibitdrinkingalcoholfortouristsoraskwomen

touriststowearsomespecificdresses.AndinsomeAsiancountries,when

visitingatemple,touristsarenotallowedtowearshortsorslippers,which

aresymbolsofdisrespect.

Tosumup,consideringtheabovebenefits,touristsshouldalwayslearnlocal

customswhentheygotonewplaces.Theyneedtoknowsomecustomsin

advanceandthendecidewhethertogothereornot.Andhostcountriescan

encouragetouriststofollowlocalrulesandcustomsbyintroducingand

showingtheirbenefits.

【解析】

有些人认为外国游客应该遵循当地的风俗习惯，但有些人认为东道国应

该欢迎文化差异。本题要求陈述自己的观点，并进行详细说明。

范文作者的观点是外国游客应该尊重并遵循当地的习惯。第二段提出了

第一个原因：外国游客的主要目的是体验异域风情，适应当地风俗可以

更好地进行体验。第三段提出，游客们体验了异域风情后，有利于当地

文化的对外传播，从而吸引更多的人旅游。第四段提出了第三个原因，

某些国家的风俗等与宗教信仰有关，这是非常敏感的，游客们应该尊重

不同的文化。最后一段作者重申了自己的观点并进行了简要总结。

2011年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

TaskOne:VocabularyandGrammaticalStructure

SectionA

Directions:Thissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytointerpretthe

meaningsofwordsindifferentcontexts.Readeachofthefollowing

sentencescarefullyandselectonewordorphrasefromthefourchoicesthat

isclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordineachsentence,andthenwrite

youranswersontheAnswerSheet.(20%)

1．Psychologistshavedoneextensivestudiesofhowwellpatientscomply

withdoctors’orders.

A.obey

B.understand

C.improvewith

D.agreewith

【答案】A

【解析】句意：心理学家对病人遵守医嘱的情况做了广泛的研究。

complywith照做，遵守。

2．Starsarecomposedofintenselyhotgasesandderivetheirenergyfrom

nuclearreactionsoccurringintheinteriors.

A.extremely

B.uniformly

C.explosively

D.continually

【答案】A

【解析】句意：恒星由炽热的气体构成，它们的能量来源于内部的核反

应。intensely强烈地。uniformly一致地。explosively爆发地，引起爆炸

地。

3．From1775to1776theAmericansundertookanunsuccessfulcampaign

againsttheBritishinCanada.

A.waged

B.headed

C.paidfor

D.attendedto

【答案】A

【解析】句意：1775年至1776年，美国人对在加拿大的英国人开展了一

次失败的战役。undertake承担；从事。wage进行；开展。attendto注

意；照料。

4．Becauseofitsoldmannerisms,theprayingmantishasalwaysintrigued

humanbeings.

A.fascinated

B.aggravated

C.offended

D.terrified

【答案】A

【解析】句意：由于其古老的习性，螳螂总是激起人类的好奇心。

intrigue激起……的兴趣。fascinate使着迷。aggravate加重；使恶化。

5．Industrialself-sufficiencyintheUnitedStatesdevelopedsimultaneously

withthemassproductionoftextilesinNewEngland.

A.smoothly

B.concurrently

C.effectively

D.spontaneously

【答案】B

【解析】句意：美国工业的自给自足与新英格兰纺织品的大量生产同步

发展。simultaneously同时地。concurrently同时发生地。spontaneously自

发地；自然地。

6．Theinitialappearanceofthesilverthree-centpiececoincidedw