湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

目录

2011年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕

士英语考研真题及详解

2012年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕

士英语考研真题及详解

2013年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕

士英语考研真题及详解

2014年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕

士英语考研真题及详解

2015年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕

士英语考研真题及详解

2016年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕

士英语考研真题及详解

2017年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕

士英语考研真题及详解

2011年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

I.VocabularyandGrammar(30’)

Section1MultipleChoice(20’)

Directions:BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Markyour

answersonyouranswersheet.

1．Greywhaleshavelongbeen_____inthenorthAtlanticandhuntingwas

animportantcauseforthat.

A.extinct

B.extinguished

C.detained

D.deprived

【答案】A

【解析】句意：灰鲸在北太平洋已经灭绝很久了，捕猎是灭绝的重要原

因。extinct灭绝的，灭种的。extinguished熄灭的。detained被扣留的。

deprived缺少食物的；缺少足够教育的。

2．FromsciencetoShakespeare,excellenttelevisionandvideoprogramsare

available_____toteacher.

A.instock

B.instore

C.inoperation

D.inabundance

【答案】D

【解析】句意：从科学到莎士比亚，老师们有很多优秀的电视和录像节

目可用。inabundance大量的；丰富的；充足的。instock有存货，现

有。instore贮藏着；准备着；将要发生。inoperation生效；运转着。

3．Tolabeltheirproduceasorganic,farmershavetoobtainacertificate

showingthatno_____chemicalshavebeenusedtokillpestsonthefarmfor

twoyears.

A.toxic

B.tragic

C.nominal

D.notorious

【答案】A

【解析】句意：为了将他们的产品标记为有机的，农夫需要获得一个证

书来证明两年间农场没有使用有毒化学制剂来杀死害虫。toxic有毒的。

tragic悲剧的。nominal名义上的。notorious声名狼藉的；臭名昭著的。

4．Onlineschools,which_____theneedsofdifferentpeople,haveemerged

asanincreasinglypopulareducationalternative.

A.stirup

B.switchon

C.caterto

D.consentto

【答案】C

【解析】句意：满足不同人需要的在线学校已经作为一种愈发流行的教

育替代方式出现。caterto迎合；为……服务。stirup激起；煽动；搅

拌。switchon接通，开启。consentto同意；答应；赞成。

5．BuckHelm,aretiredsalesman,survived_____alivefor90hoursinhis

car.

A.beingburied

B.havingburied

C.burying

D.tobeburied

【答案】A

【解析】句意：巴克·赫尔姆是一个退休的售货员，他在自己的汽车中

被埋90小时后生还。survive作及物动词时后接名词、代词和动名词短语

作宾语；并且bury和句子的主语间为被动关系，所以使用动名词的被动

式beingburied。

6．Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitimpossibletoreadallthe

worksrelevanttohisownsubject,_____extensivelyoutsideofit.

A.muchmoretoread

B.muchlessreading

C.muchlesstoread

D.stillmorereading

【答案】C

【解析】句意：确实，几乎所有科学家都认为读完本科目内的所有作品

是不可能的，更别提其他科目的了。muchless／stillless／evenless意

为“更不用说”，用在否定句之后，表示连前面所说的情况都没有做到，

后面的情况就更不可能。muchless前后所对比的成分要对等，可以是不

定式、限定动词，也可以全是名词或介词短语，由于前面toread是不定

式，划线处也需要填toread不定式。

7．Allthatdaymyfatherwasin_____ashehadlosthiswallet.

A.greatanxiety

B.ambition

C.illhumor

D.hospitality

【答案】C

【解析】句意：那一整天我父亲都因为丢了钱包而不悦。illhumor怒

气，不悦。greatanxiety非常忧虑。ambition野心，雄心。hospitality好

客；殷勤。

8．Wepreferredtopostponethemeeting_____itwithoutthepresenceof

ourpresident.

A.ratherthanhold

B.thantohold

C.ratherthanheld

D.toholding

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我们更倾向推迟会议而不是在主席缺席时召开会议。

prefertodoratherthando更喜欢做某事而不是做另一件事。

9．Theinstitutionhasahighlyeffectiveprogramwhichhelpsfirst-year

studentsmakesuccessful_____intocollegelife.

A.transformation

B.transmission

C.transition

D.transaction

【答案】C

【解析】句意：机构有一个高效的项目来帮助一年级的学生成功过渡到

大学生活。transition过渡；转变。transformation转化；转换。

transmission传动装置，变速器。transaction交易；事物。

10．Nooneneedstofeelawkwardin_____hisowncustoms.

A.pursuing

B.following

C.chasing

D.seeking

【答案】B

【解析】句意：每个人都不必因为随俗而感到尴尬。规定搭配follow

customs“随俗”。

11．Whentheyhadfinishedplaying,thechildrenweremadeto_____allthe

toystheyhadtakenout.

A.putoff

B.putout

C.putup

D.putaway

【答案】D

【解析】句意：结束玩耍后，孩子们被要求把所有拿出来的玩具收好。

putaway放好；抛弃；储存。putoff推迟；扔掉；阻止。putout熄灭；伸

出。putup提供；建造；举起。

12．Mostpeoplewhotravelinthecourseoftheirworkaregiventraveling

_____.

A.income

B.allowances

C.wages

D.pay

【答案】B

【解析】句意：大部分人因工作出差时会收到出差补助。allowance津

贴，零用钱。income收入，收益。wage工资；代价。pay工资，薪水。

13．Lifeisacandle_____toburneverbrighter.

A.beingmeant

B.meaning

C.tomean

D.meant

【答案】D

【解析】句意：生命就要像蜡烛，要燃烧得闪亮。sth.ismeantfor…或

sth.ismeanttodo，表示某事、物是用来干什么的。此句中使用meant，

过去分词短语作后置定语修饰acandle。

14．It’stime_____aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.

A.somethingwasdone

B.everythingisdone

C.anythingwillbedone

D.nothingtobedone

【答案】A

【解析】句意：是时候针对市中心的交通问题做点什么了。it’stime后

接过去式；B项everything范围太广，C项anything太决断，D项nothing与

句意不符。

15．Weoftenadvisehimnottodrinkmorewine_____isgoodforhis

health.

A.as

B.than

C.that

D.but

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我们经常劝他不要喝超过对健康有益的酒量。morethan

是比较结构固定搭配，morewinethan(that)isgoodforhishealth中that指

代酒量被省略。

16．_____isthecenter"ofourplanetarysystemwasadifficultconceptto

graspintheMiddleAges.

A.Itisthesunandnottheearth

B.Beingthesunandnottheearth

C.Thesunandnottheearth

D.Thatthesunandnottheearth

【答案】D

【解析】句意：太阳而非地球是行星系中心的事在中世纪是很难被人理

解的概念。题干句子缺主语部分，只能用that-clause主语从句。

17．WhileinLondon,wepaidavisittothehospitalfounded_____the

nurseFlorenceNightingale.

A.inlinewith

B.infavorof

C.inhonorof

D.inplaceof

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在伦敦的时候，我们花钱参观了向南丁格尔护士致敬而

建立的医院。inhonorof向…致敬，向…表示敬意。inlinewith符合；

与…一致。infavorof有利于；支持；赞同。inplaceof代替。

18．Itisrather_____thatwestilldonotknowhowmanyspeciesthereare

intheworldtoday.

A.misleading

B.embarrassing

C.boring

D.demanding

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我们仍不知道世界上有多少物种的事是非常尴尬的。

embarrassing使人尴尬的。misleading令人误解的。boring无聊的；令人

厌烦的。demanding苛求的；要求高的。

19．Hisarmwas_____fromtheshark’smouthandreattached,buttheboy,

whonearlydied,remainedinadelicatecondition.

A.retrieved

B.retained

C.repelled

D.restored

【答案】A

【解析】句意：男孩的手臂被从鲨鱼的嘴里拿回并重新接上，但死里逃

生的他仍旧非常虚弱。retrieve找回。retain保持。repel击退；抵制。

restore恢复。

20．Thesightofasickhorsebeingdrivenalongthestreetsofthevillage

remained_____himforweeks.

A.of

B.on

C.to

D.with

【答案】B

【解析】句意：一只病马被驾驭穿过村子街道的景象在他脑海里停留了

几个星期。remainon继续保持。remainof剩下；从……留下。remainto

留下来做。remainwith属于。

Section2ErrorCorrection(10’)

Directions:Thissectionconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,thereare

altogetherI0mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangea

word,addawordordeleteaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthe

correctionsintheblanksprovided.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutand

writethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putan

insertionmark(A)intherightplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.

Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案与解析】

1．found/\new→a

根据上文“Somecitieshavelosttheiroriginalpurpose…”可知这里one指代

可数名词purpose，因此该词前要有限定词a。

2．filling→filled

非谓语动词fill与poorimmigrants之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此要使用过去

分词来表示被动意义。

3．though

justas表示“正像”，though多余。

4．this→what

根据句子结构可以看出这里需要一个关系代词，它能引导主语从句，在

从句中作主语，因此选择what。

5．was→were

that引导定语从句，先行词“descriptions…andtheenormouscontrasts”为复

数，因此谓语动词要用复数形式were。

6．dissimilar→similar

结合上下文，这里要表示的是十八世纪对于墨西哥城的描述和当今很相

似，强调“共同，相似”之意。

7．lies→lie

behinditlietwomyths是个倒装句，主语为twomyths，因此谓语动词要

使用复数。

8．that→which

that前面的逗号表明这里是一个非限制性定语从句，因此不可用that，而

要用which。

9．it→them

被指代对象是复数名词immigrants，所以要用复数形式的代词them。

10．late→later

根据句意，later强调“几代之后”。表达一段时间之后的固定搭配为：…

+later。

II.ReadingComprehension(40’)

Section1MultipleChoice(20’)

Directions:Inthissectiontherearereadingpassagesfollowedbymultiple-

choicequestions.Readthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyour

answersheet.

Passageone

Aresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligence

developedbyourenvironmentandourexperiences?Strangelyenough,the

answertoboththesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextentourintelligenceis

giventousatbirth,andnoamountofspecialeducationcanmakeagenius

outofachildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand,achildwholives

inaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholives

inrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofaperson’sintelligenceare

fixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhis

environment.Thisview,nowisheldbymostexperts,canbesupportedina

numberofways.

Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceissomethingthatwearebornwith.The

closerthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelyto

beintelligence.Thusifwetaketwostrangersbychancefromthepopulation,

itseemsthattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.If,on

theotherhand,wecomparetwotwins,theywillverylikelybeasintelligent

aseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,

usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligence

dependsonbirth.

Imaginenowthatwetaketwotwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.

Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactory

separatelywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesin

intelligencedeveloping,andthisshowsthatenvironmentaswellasbirth

playsanimportantrole.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthat

peoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatall

arelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence.

1．Whichofthesesentencesbestdescribesthewriter’spointinPara.1?

A.Tosomeextent,intelligenceisgivenatbirth.

B.intelligenceisdevelopedbytheenvironment.

C.Somepeopleareborncleverandothersbornstupid.

D.Intelligenceisfixedatbirth,butisdevelopedbytheenvironment.

2．Itissuggestedinthispassagethat_____.

A.unrelatedpeoplearenotlikelytohavedifferentintelligence

B.closerelationsusuallyhavesimilarintelligence

C.thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweenpeople,themoredifferentthey

arelikelytobeinintelligence

D.peoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachotherarenotlikelytohave

similardegreesofintelligence

3．Brothersandsistersarelikelyto_____.

A.havesimilarintelligence

B.havedifferentintelligence

C.gotothesameuniversity

D.gotothesamefactory

4．InLine5,Para.1,theword“surroundings”means

A.intelligence

B.life

C.environments

D.housing

5．Thebesttitleforthisarticlewouldbe_____.

A.OnIntelligence

B.WhatIntelligenceMeans

C.WeAreBornwithIntelligence

D.EnvironmentPlaysaPartinDevelopingIntelligence

【答案与解析】

1．D第一段倒数第二句“Therefore,thelimitsofperson’sintelligenceare

fixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhis

environment.”说明，一个人智商的限度在出生时就固定了，但环境决定

他能否达到这些限度，也就是说智商出生确定，但会随着环境发展，故

D项为正确答案。

2．B第二段第二句“Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,

theclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligence.”说明血缘关系越近，两个人越

可能有相近的智商，也就是说关系近的人通常有相近的智商，故B项为

正确答案。

3．A第二段最后一句“Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsand

children,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhat

intelligencedependsonbirth.”说明诸如兄弟姐妹、父母子女关系的人会

有相近的智商故A项为正确答案。

4．C本文第一段说一个人智商的限度在出生时就确定了，但环境决定

他能否达到这些限度，因此可以推测在无聊的环境中成长的人比在富有

和多样化的环境中成长的人智商发展差，此处的surroundings与前半句

中的environment对应，故C项为正确答案。

5．A本文第一段说一个人智商的限度在出生时就确定了，但环境决定

他能否达到这些限度，又在第二、三段展开说明基因和环境对于智商的

影响，可以看出本文的核心内容是关于智商，故A项为正确答案。

Passagetwo

Foodcanbedividedintotwobasiccategories:realfoodandpleasurefood.

Realfoodisfuelforthebody’sneeds,whilepleasurefoodwhichishighin

fatandsugar,isprimarilyfortastesatisfaction.Thecategoriesarepretty

obvious.Broccoliisrealfood.Cookiesareinthepleasuregroup.

Whenyouarehungry,youarefacedwithchoices.Ifyouaren’tsuffering

fromexcessivehunger,youcanberationalaboutthem.Gototherefrigerator.

Whatlooksgood?Ifyouhavechosenarealfood,say,aturkeysandwich,

youcanbecertainyourbodycanuseitforfuel.Eatitandenjoy.

Twohourslateryouarehungryagain.Backtotherefrigerator.Whatlooks

good?Icecream.Stop!Employyourwillpowerjustalittle.Icecreamisnot

whatyourbodyneeds.Doessomethingelselookgood?Yes,apieceoftoast

withpeanutbutterandaglassofmilksoundgoodtoo.Okay,goahead,

rememberingthathigh-fatrealfoodsshouldbeeateninmoderation.

Onetrickistoeliminatepleasurefoodsfromyourkitchen.Instead,keepa

varietyofhigh-qualityfoodsavailableatalltimes.Inshort,buylotsof

deliciousrealfood,foodyoureallylike,andgetridofthejunk.

Butwhatifyouhaveicecreamonhandandnothingsoundsgood?Although

youdon’twanttoeatpleasurefoodswhenevertheurgestrikes,thereisa

legitimateplacefortheminyourdiet.Ifyouhaveanalyzedyourfeelingsand

therearenootherneedsimitatinghunger,eattheicecream.Youhavenot

failed.Onthecontrary,youhaveacceptedyournaturalappetite,butnot

blindly.

Surprisingly,whenyouknowyoucaneatanythingyouwant,andthatyou

neverhavetoputupwithunsatisfiedhungeragain,ittakesalotofpressure

off.Youwillbegintowanttoeatwhatyourbodyneeds,andyourbodywill

begintoneedfoodsthatwillleadtoslimness.

6．WhichofthefollowingstatementsNOTtrue?

A.Theauthorisagainstgettingridofpleasurefoodaltogether.

B.Onecaneatthe-high-fatrealfoodsheartilysinceitisfuelforthebody.

C.Makesuretokeeppleasurefoodsuchasicecreaminyourdiet.

D.Ofcourseyoucansometimeshaveicecreamifyoureallywantto.

7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.RealFoodAndPleasureFood

B.ReducingWeight

C.LimitYourConsumptionOfPleasureFood

D.HowToChooseFoodWhenYouAreHungry

8．Whatcanyouassumefromthelastparagraph?

A.Beingabletoeatanythingdoesn’tnecessarilyimplypleasure.

B.Realfoodsmayleadtoslimness.

C.Eatonlywhatyourbodyneeds.

D.Besuretosatisfyyourhungerwheneveritstrikesyou.

9．Whatcanbroccolibeexcept_____.

A.icecream

B.cauliflower

C.aturkeysandwich

D.apieceoftoast

10．Judgingfromthefourthparagraph(Line3),whatdoes"junk"mean?

A.Foodlikeicecream.

B.Foodyoudonotlike.

C.Pleasurefoods.

D.Low-qualityfoods.

【答案与解析】

6．B第三段最后一句“rememberingthathigh-fatrealfoodsshouldbe

eateninmoderation.”说明高热量食物即使是realfood，也应该吃适量，

而非盲目地进食高热量食物，B项与原文内容不符，故B项为正确答

案。

7．C作者将食物分为realfood和pleasurefood，在第四段首句提出“One

trickistoeliminatepleasurefoodsfromyourkitchen.”，并相应地减少

pleasurefood的摄入，所以本篇文章的写作意图是号召人们限制对

pleasurefood的摄取，故C项为正确答案。

8．A最后一段第一句“Surprisingly,whenyouknowyoucaneatanything

youwant,andthatyouneverhavetoputupwithunsatisfiedhungeragain,it

takesalotofpressureoff.”提到如果你知道你能吃任何食物，并且永远也

不必摆脱满足不了的饥饿感，这就丧失很多乐趣了，即能吃所有食物不

一定能带来愉悦，故A项为正确答案。

9．Acauliflower意为“花椰菜”，与broccoli为近义词，属于realfood；第

二、三段提到aturkeysandwich和apieceoftoast均是realfood，而ice

cream是pleasurefood，不与broccoli同类，故A项为正确答案。

10．D第四段前两句话“Onetrickistoeliminatepleasurefoodsfromyour

kitchen.Instead,keepavarietyofhigh-qualityfoodsavailableatall

times.”提到要消除厨房中的pleasurefood，反之，储存多种高质量的食

物，可以推断出junkfood与high-qualityfood相对，故D项为正确答案。

Section2AnsweringQuestions(20’)

Directions:Readthefollowingpassagesandthenanswerthequestionswhich

followeachpassage.Useonlyinformationfromthepassageyouhavejust

readandwriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceonyouranswersheet.

Questions1~3

Takethecaseofpubliceducationalone.Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbythe

schoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishas

beencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandthe

impossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.In

viewofthetechnologicalimprovementsinthelastfewyears,businesswill

requireinthefutureproportionatelyfewerworkersthaneverbefore.The

resultwillbestillfurtherraisingofhelegalageforgoingintoemployment,

andstillfurtherdifficultyinfindingemploymentwhenhatagehasbeen

attained.Ifwecannotputourchildrentowork,wemustputtheminschool.

Wemayalsobequiteconfidentthatthepresenttrendtowardashorterday

andashorterweekwillbemaintained.Wehavedevelopedandshallcontinue

tohaveanewleisureclass.Alreadythepublicagenciesforadulteducation

areswampedbythetidethathassweptoverthemsincedepressionbegan.

Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefrom

thetaxpayer.

Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpublic

educationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities.Theycannotcareforthe

presentrestrictedandinadequatesystem.Thelocalcommunitieshavefailed

intheireffortstocopewithunemployment.Theycannotexpecttocopewith

publiceducationonthescaleonwhichwemustattemptit.Theanswertothe

problemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertothe

problemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.

Ifthereisonethinginwhichthecitizensofallpartsofthecountryhavean

interest,itisinthedecenteducationofthecitizensofallpartsofthecountry.

Ourincometaxnowgoesinparttokeepourneighborsalive.Itmayhaveto

goinpartaswelltomakeourneighborsintelligent.Wearenowattempting

topreservethepresentgenerationthroughFederalreliefofthedestitute.Only

apeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederal

fundsaspubliceducationmayrequire.

1．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2．Whatarethereasonsfortheincreaseinthenumberofstudents?

3．Accordingtotheauthor,whatistheanswertotheproblemofpublic

education?

【答案与解析】

1．Howtocopewiththeshortageoffundsforpubliceducation.

（原文的核心短语publiceducation在第一句就出现了。文章第一段阐述

了越来越多的人入学的原因，第二段讲成人教育机构的（经济）压力，

第三段讲公共教育成本提高无法由地方社区解决，并提议由联邦政府出

面。综合每段的内容可知，全文的主旨是探讨如何解决公共教育的资金

短缺问题。）

2．Raisingofthelegalageforgoingtowork.

（原文第一段第三句“Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalage

forgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthe

legalagehasbeenreached”说明学生人数升高是由法定工作年龄提高所造

成的，法定年龄即使到了也可能找不到工作。）

3．TheFederalGovernmentshouldallocateFederalfundsforpublic

education.

（从第三段第五、六句“Theanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthas

beenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhave

tobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.”可以看出，作者认为失业问题的解

决靠政府救济，公共教育困难的解决也需靠政府投入，所以问题的解决

办法是由联邦政府分配资金给公共教育。）

Questions4~5

Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoescalled

“footwearforyuppies”.TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealtodiverse

marketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffersbasketballand

children’sshoesfortheunder-18setandwalkingshoesforoldercustomers

notinterestedinaerobicsorrunning.Theexecutivesalsopointoutthat

throughrecentacquisitionstheyhaveaddedhikingboots,dressandcasual

shoes,andhigh-performanceathleticfootweartotheirproductlines,allof

whichshouldattractnewandvariedgroupsofcustomers.

Still,despiteitsemphasisonnewmarkets,Reebokplansfewchangesinthe

upmarketretailingnetworkthathelpedpushsalesto$1billionannually,

aheadofallothersportsshoemarketers.Reebokshoes,whicharepriced

from$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sporting

goods,anddepartmentstores,inaccordancewiththecompany’sviewthat

consumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution.

Inthepastfewyears,theMassachusetts-basedcompanyhasimposedlimits

onthenumberofitsdistributors(andthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores),

partlyoutofnecessity.AttimestheunexpecteddemandforReebok’s

exceededsupply,andthecompanycouldbarelykeepupwithordersfromthe

dealersitalreadyhad.Thesefulfillmentproblemsseemtobeundercontrol

now,butthecompanyisstillselectiveaboutitsdistributors.Atpresent,

ReebokshoesareavailableinaboutfivethousandretailstoresintheUnited

States.

Reebokhasalreadyanticipatedthatwalkingshoeswillbethenextfitness-

relatedcraze,replacingaerobicsshoesthesamewayitsbrightlycolored,soft

leatherexercisefootwearreplacedconventionalrunningshoes.Through

productdiversificationandcarefulmarketresearch,Reebokhopestoavoid

thedistributionproblemsNikecameacrossseveralyearsago,whenNike

misjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobicsshoecrazeandwasforcedtounload

hugeinventoriesofrunningshoesthroughdiscountstores.

4．WhatdoesReebok’sviewimplythat“consumersjudgethequalityofthe

brandbythequalityofitsdistribution”(Line5,Para.2)?

5．WhatlessonhasReeboklearnedfromNike’sdistributionproblems?

【答案与解析】

4．Consumersbelievethatfirst-rateproductsareonlysoldbyhigh-quality

stores.

（文章第二段第二句“Reebokshoes,whicharepricedfrom$27to$85,will

continuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sportinggoods,anddepartment

stores,inaccordancewiththecompany’sviewthatconsumersjudgethe

qualityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution”提到锐步鞋的售价从27

到85美元，将继续只在高档专卖店、体育用品商店和百货公司出售，因

为公司认为消费者根据分销商的档次来判断品牌的质量，即一流商品只

在高档商店出售。）

5．Acompanyshouldcorrectlyevaluatetheimpactofanewcrazeonthe

market.

（原文最后一句“…whenNikemisjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobicsshoe

crazeandwasforcedtounloadhugeinventoriesofrunningshoesthrough

discountstores.”提到耐克几年前错误地估计了有氧运动鞋狂潮的力量，

被迫从折扣商店卸掉很大库存量的跑鞋，因此锐步从中学习到的是应该

正确评估市场中狂潮的影响。）

III.Writing(30’)

Somepeoplethinkthattheycanlearnbetterbythemselvesthanwitha

teacher.Othersthinkthatitisalwaysbettertohaveateacher.Whichdoyou

prefer?Usespecificreasonstodevelopyouressay.Writeacompositionof

about400wordsonyourviewofthetopic.

【参考范文】

Admittedly,acleardivisionisusuallymadebetweenstudyingwithateacher

andstudyingbythemselves.Althoughstudyingbystudentsthemselveshas

manyadvantages,suchasnolimitintimeandlocation,Ibelievethatstudents

canlearnbetterwithateacher.

First,studentscanhavesystematicknowledgewhenstudyingwithateacher.

Becauseofteachingexperience,teachersknowhowtoteachcertainsortsof

knowledge.Theyknowthatwhatknowledgeneedstobelearnedfirstand

whichsubjectcanbelearnedsubsequently.Therefore,studentscanhavea

completesystemofknowledgeiftheyfollowtheteachers’instructions.

However,ifstudentsstudybythemselves,theymaynotpossessthe

experiencewhichteachershave.Asaresult,theydonotknowhowtohavea

completeknowledgesystem.Evenifstudentshavesomeknowledgeabout

howtostudy,theirexperiencemaybenotcorrect.Basedonarguments

above,Ibelievethatstudentscanlearnknowledgemorecompletelyand

systematicallywithateacherthanbythemselves.

Second,studentscansolveproblemstheycomeacrosswhenstudyingwitha

teacher.Teachershavefacedahugeamountofproblemsthatkindsof

studentsfaced,sotheyknowthecorrectwaytosolvetheproblemsof

studentsnomatterinstudyorinlife.Ifstudentsstudywithateacher,they

canaskquestionsandseekforhelpfromteacher.However,ifstudentsstudy

onlybythemselves,theymaynotsolveproblemsduetolackofexperience.

Thus,Ibelievethatteacherscanhelpstudentssolveproblemsthatcannotbe

dealtwithbystudentsthemselves.

Third,teacherscanpresentkindsofmethodsforeffectiveteaching.For

example,teachersknowwhentheyhavetochangecommunicating

techniquestomakesurethatstudentscangrasptheidea.Andalso,teachers

canusediagram,tableandimagetoillustratetheirpoint.Onthecontrast,if

studentsstudybythemselves,theymayonlyhavebooksanddonotknow

othermeanstolearnknowledgewhentheyhavedifficultiesinstudy.

Therefore,studentscanstudyknowledgeeffectivelywithateacherinsteadof

stuntbydifficultieswhentheystudybythemselves.

Inconclusion,althoughstudyingbystudentsthemselvesdoeshavesome

advantages,suchasnostudyinglimitationintimeandlocation,studyingwith

thehelpofteacherisamoredesirablewaybecauseofbetterconsequence,

usefuladviceandvariousmethods.Consequently,Ithinkthatstudentscan

learnbetterwithteacherthanbythemselves.

【解析】

题目要求针对“自学好还是跟老师学好”的话题写一篇400字左右的作

文。范文作者开门见山地提出个人观点：跟老师学比自学好。第二至第

四段，作者从知识系统、问题解决及教学方法多样的角度阐述了跟老师

学比自学好的理由。最后一段，作者总结上文，再此强调跟老师学比自

学好的观点。

2012年湘潭大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

I.VocabularyandGrammar(30’)

Section1MultipleChoice(20’)

Directions:BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,C,andD.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Markyour

answersonyouranswersheet.

1．Thetheorywasattackedtenyearsagowhenitwasfirstproposed,but

graduallyitwasaccepted_____.

A.promoted

B.enhanced

C.advanced

D.conceived

【答案】C

【解析】句意：该理论十年前初次被提出时受到抨击，但渐渐地被人们

接受了。advance意为“推进；提出”，advanceatheory“提出一种理论”。

promote提升；增进。enhance提高，增强。conceive构想；怀胎。

2．PreparationsarenowbeingmadeforthePresident’sofficial_____visit

tothreeforeigncountries.

A.elaborate

B.graceful

C.royal

D.tedious

【答案】A

【解析】句意：正在为总统对于三个外国官方的、计划详密的访问进行

准备。elaborate精心制作的；详尽的。graceful优雅的；优美的。royal皇

家的；盛大的。tedious沉闷的；冗长乏味的。

3．Thebusissocrowdedthatthereissufficientroomforyou_____.

A.rarely

B.seldom

C.scarcely

D.some

【答案】C

【解析】句意：公交车太拥挤了，几乎没有足够的地方给你。scarcely

几乎不，简直不。rarely及seldom均为频率副词，不能用于本句。

4．Poorhealthandlackofmoneymaybothbetoeducationalprogress

_____.

A.restraints

B.stains

C.scarcities

D.barriers

【答案】D

【解析】句意：健康差和资金短缺都是教育发展中的障碍。barrier障

碍；栅栏。restraint抑制；克制。stain污点；瑕疵。scarcity不足；缺

乏。

5．AsfortheFlatEarththeory,IbelieveIcan_____itwithmyown

experiencesofnavigation.

A.deny

B.reject

C.object

D.refute

【答案】D

【解析】句意：至于地平说，我可以用我自己航海的经验反驳它。

refute反驳，驳斥。deny否定；否认。reject拒绝；排斥。object提出……

作为反对的理由。

6．Inthepastdecades,thefarmsoftheworldhavesucceeded_____in

producingenoughfoodtofeedalloftheplanet’speople.

A.relevantly

B.externally

C.utterly

D.virtually

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在过去的几十年中，世界上的农场已经几乎成功地生产

了足够喂养所有人的食物。virtually事实上，几乎。relevantly贴切地，

得要领地。externally外部地；外表上。utterly完全地；绝对地。

7．Thepoorgirlcouldn’t_____fromhertearsanymorewhenhermother

showedup.

A.withdraw

B.hold

C.withhold

D.refrain

【答案】D

【解析】句意：当妈妈出现时，小女孩再也抑制不住泪水。refrainfrom

克制；抑制；忍住。withdrawfrom退出；离开。holdfrom使……不。

withholdfrom忍住不做；隐瞒。

8．Wewouldcontactyournearestrelative_____anyaccidentoccurring.

A.intheeventof

B.inthecourseof

C.intheplaceof

D.inthelightof

【答案】A

【解析】句意：一旦发生任何事故，我们会联系你最亲近的亲属。in

theeventof如果……发生。inthecourseof在…过程中；在…期间。inthe

placeof在……的地方。inthelightof根据，按照；当作。

9．Thedoctorsdrewtheconclusionthattheyoungman’sblindnesswas

_____.

A.consistent

B.partial

C.internal

D.temporary

【答案】D

【解析】句意：医生得出结论，年轻男子的失明是暂时的。temporary暂

时的；临时的。consistent始终如一的，一致的。partial局部的；偏爱

的。internal内部的；里面的。

10．Eversincetheriseofindustrialism,educationhasbeen_____towards

producingworkers.

A.harnessed

B.hatched

C.motivated

D.geared

【答案】D

【解析】句意：自从工业化兴起，教育就向培养工人方向发展了。gear

toward专门朝向某事成长。harness治理；套。hatch孵化。motivate刺

激；使有动机。

11．Shemetwithnochallengebecauseherarguments_____soundfacts.

A.putforward

B.restedon

C.madefor

D.conjuredup

【答案】B

【解析】句意：她没有受到挑战因为她的论证是基于可靠的事实。rest

on停留在；依靠。putforward提出；拿出。makefor导致；有助于；走

向。conjureup想起，使在