Unit4ReadingandThinking知识点课件-高中英语堂（人教版2019）（选择性）

UNIT4JOURNEYACROSSAVASTLANDSectionAReadingandThinking课文知识点而不是商业航班一路上，自始至终bytheway顺便说

李黛予和表妹刘倩前往加拿大探望居住在大西洋海岸哈利法克斯市的表兄妹。她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。一想到可以坐火车横穿整个国家，姐妹俩就激动不已。ratherthan“而不是；不愿”=insteadof与其说……倒不如说……ratherthan为并列连词，通常用在平行结构中，连接两个并列成分，即ratherthan前后两部分在成分和形式上应该一致。并列成分可以是动词、名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、分句、不定式等。语境感知①Heranratherthanwalked.②Theysawmanygoatsratherthangrizzlybears.③Thescenerywasawesomeratherthanuninviting.④We’llhavethemeetingintheclassroom,ratherthaninthegreathall.ratherthan连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语v遵循就远原则是你而不是我要去野营。YouratherthanI_____goingtogocamping.areratherthan后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to，但当ratherthan位于句首时，只能接不带to的不定式。prefertodo…ratherthando…=woulddo…ratherthando=wouldratherdo…thando=preferdoingtodoing宁愿做……也不做……Hepreferstostayathomeratherthangotoseeafilm.=hewouldstayathomeratherthangotoseeafilm.=hewouldratherstayathomethangotoseeafilm.1.Shetelephonedratherthan________(write).2.Sheenjoyssingingratherthan______(dance)3.YouratherthanI______(be)goingtoseethescenery.4.Ipreferto___(get)upearlyratherthangotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.=Iwouldrather_____(get)upearlythangotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.=Iwouldgetupearlyratherthan____(go)toschoolwithoutbreakfast5.IthinkTom，ratherthanyou，(be)toblameforthebrokencamera.

onthebackseatofabicyclethancryinaBMWcar.＝Iwouldlaughonthebackseatofabicycle

inaBMWcar.＝Ipreferred

onthebackseatofabicycle

inaBMWcar.iswouldratherlaughratherthancrytolaughratherthancrywrotedancingaregetgetgoBeforestartingout,theyspentacoupleofdaysinVancouver,seeingthesights.Duringtheirfirstday,asistypicalofVancouver,itrained.Despitetheweather,theywereabletotakeaboatrideoutintothebay,andlatervisitanislandthathadwonderfulshopssellingcraftsandantiques.Thenextdaywasclearandmild,andtheywerepleasedtoseethebeautifulmountainslookingoutoverthecity.Later,theytookapleasanthikeinaforestjustashortdistanceaway.

出发

一两天

欣赏风光

一如往常

尽管

出售手工艺品和古董

清澈温和

俯瞰着整座城市

不远处

出发前，她们在温哥华待了两天，欣赏当地风光。第一天，温哥华一如往常细雨蒙蒙。尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座岛屿。岛上有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。第二天，天气晴朗，温度适宜，她们看到壮美的群山俯瞰着整座城市，甚是欣喜。随后，她们在不远处的森林中徒步旅行，十分惬意。start

outacoupleofdaysseethesightsbetypicalofdespitesellcraftsandantiquesclearandmildlook

outoverthecityashortdistanceaway.=inspiteofLater,theytookapleasanthikeinaforestjustashortdistanceaway.★pleasantadj.令人愉快的;友好的It’salwayspleasanttodowhatyou’regoodatdoing.①Wilsonwas__________withhis_______________design.②Itgivesmegreat______________(please)tointroduceourschoollife.③theyoftenrememberthe____________daystheyhadwithyou.翻译：做自己喜欢的事总是令人愉快的。________________________________老师对我的进步非常满意。____________________________________________pleasedpleasingpleasurepleasant(1)pleasuren.

快乐;乐趣withpleasure好的;可以;非常乐意it’sapleasure=it’smypleasure 愿为你效劳;不用谢(2)pleaseinterj. 请(礼貌用语)v.使高兴,使满意pleaseoneself 乐意怎样就怎样(3)pleasedadj.

感到满意的;高兴的bepleasedwith 对……感到满意(4)pleasingadj.

令人满意的;令人高兴的(修饰物)It’salwayspleasanttodowhatyoulike.Theteacherissopleasedwithmyprogress.

重点句式教材原句p.38 Duringtheirfirstday，asistypicalofVancouver，itrained.

第一天，温哥华一如往常细雨蒙蒙。【句式分析】在本句中，asistypicalofVancouver是as引导的定语从句，as代指整个主句，as在从句中作主语。1as引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句，代指整个主句的内容。从句可放在主句前、主句后或主句中间。Aswehaveanticipated，itisfreezingatthetopofthemountain.和我们预料的一样，山顶很冷。Hisopinionoftenconflictswithhisparents，asisoftenthecasewithteenagers.他的观点往往和父母的有冲突，这种情况在青少年中很常见。【归纳拓展】as引导非限制性定语从句常用的固定表达：asweallknow众所周知 asiswellknown众所周知asyousee如你所见 ascanbeseen正如所见asweexpect正如我们预料的那样 asis/wasexpected正如预料的那样asIcanremember正如我所记得的 ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述asisoftenthecase情况常常是这样as引导非限制性定语从句，可指代整个主句。从句可放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,有时还可以放在主句的中间。(1)_____________

(正如所报道的那样),talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress．

(2)Grammar,____________________

(正如之前所说的那样),isnotasetofdeadrules.(3)Heisabsent,________________

(正如往常那样).Asisreportedashasbeensaidbefore

as引导非限制性定语从句asisoftenthecaseasismentionedwhichasisreportedasisoftenthecaseAsissaidaboveAsisoftenthecasewithchildrenThenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.Whenthetrainarrivedatthestation,theytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.TheyspentthenightandthentookacoachboundnorththroughtheCanadianRockiestoJasper.Lookingatthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.Inadditiontoseeingspectacularmountainpeaksandforests,onehighlightoftheirtripwasbeingabletoseemanydifferentcreatures,includingdeer,mountaingoats,andevenagrizzlybearandaneagle.ariseearlymassivetaketheirbreathawayexceptionalbeautyliterallycoachboundthemostawesomejourneyspectacularmountainpeakshighlightmanydifferentcreaturesgrizzlybear早早起床大量的；大规模的美丽异常真正地长途汽车最棒的旅行壮丽的山峰和森林亮点种类繁多的动物一只灰熊

次日清晨，两个女孩早早起床，登上开往路易斯湖的火车，穿越加拿大落基山脉。从车窗往外望去，加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。火车到站后，她们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖。那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，摄人心魄。住了一夜之后，她们乘坐长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落基山脉，直达贾斯珀。望着眼前的美景，两人一致认为这是她们所经历过的最棒的一次旅行。除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，旅程的亮点之一是能看到种类繁多的动物，如鹿、山羊、甚至还有一只灰熊和一只老鹰。highlight[ˈhaɪlaɪt]n.最好或最精彩的部分v.突出;强调;使醒目(1)thehighlightof..........的亮点(2)highlightv=stress=emphasizehighlighttheimportanceof...强调……的重要性这次旅行中的最精彩的一件事是参观泰姬陵。OneofthehighlightsofthetripwasseeingtheTajMahal.强调开阔眼界的重要性highlighttheimportance/significanceofbroadeninghorizons/viewsInadditiontoseeingspectacularmountainpeaksandforests,onehighlightoftheirtripwasbeingabletoseemanydifferentcreatures,includingdeer,mountaingoats,andevenagrizzlybearandaneagle.highlightn.最好或最精彩的部分vt.突出，强调，使醒目这家博物馆的亮点是它的收藏。我们应该强调自身的优势。Thehighlightofthemuseumisitscollection.Weshouldhighlightourownadvantages.Lookingatthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.①SheisthemostintelligentstudentthatIhaveeverseeninthisschool.②ImustsaythatitwasthebestgameIhadeverplayed.在句型“This/It+be+最高级+(that)从句”中，从句要用完成时。如果be动词是is,从句用现在完成时；如果be动词是was,从句用过去完成时。我必须说这是我玩过的最好的一个游戏。Thenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise，passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.arisevi.(arose,arisen)起身；出现；由…引起【词汇拓展】①arisefrom/outof=resultfrom起因于,由……产生②ariseoutof...由……引起,由……产生,起因于……③arisefromone'sseat某人从座位上站起来④ariseinsb.'smind在某人心里产生①Asisknowntous,thesun_____intheeastandsetsinthewest.②YearsofexperienceindrivingmadeMrBlackconvincedthathecoulddealwithemergencies_____atanytime.③GiveyourchildsomeoldmachinessuchasabrokenradioorTVsettoplaywithanditwill_____hiscuriosity.④To_____people’sawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment,welaunchedacampaign.risesarisingarouseraise①Hearingtheheavyfootstepsapproaching，Samarose_______hischairimmediately.②Weweredeterminedtoconquertheproblemsthat_________(arise)inthepastThatmorningI_______(arise)earlyandwentouttotheroad.完成句子③Atbreak,ourteachergotdowntodealingwiththematter___________________．休息时，我们的老师开始处理课堂上出现的问题。翻译：失误往往是由粗心引起的。_________________________________fromarosearisingfromhisclassarose【选词填空】：Mistakesoftenarisefromcarelessness.arise,rise,raise,arouse.用含breath的短语填空(1)Bymile17,Ibecame

andtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.

(2)Heenteredthehouse,butsoonhadtorunbackto

.

(3)

,andthenyoumayfeelrelaxed.

(4)Weall

whileMrEvansannouncedtheexamresults.

(5)WhenIlookedthroughthewindowIsawthetowerwhosebeauty

.

breathn．呼吸的空气theytookataxitoLakeLouisewherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.

takesb.’sbreathaway令人惊叹holdsb'sbreath

屏息；屏气

takeadeepbreath深吸一口气losesb'sbreath 喘不过气来

(be)outofbreath

喘不过气来；上气不接下气breathn.breathev.

breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的breathtakingadj.激动人心的，惊人的outofbreathcatchhisbreathTakeadeepbreathheldourbreathtookmybreathawayItookadeepbreathandstartedclimbingthemountain.IwasoutofbreathwhenIarrivedatthetopofthemountain.Butitwasworthwhilebecausethescenerytookmybreathaway.Imean，thescenerywasreallybreathtaking.我深呼吸，然后开始爬山。当我到达山顶的时候我已经喘不上气了。但这一切都值得，因为风景令人惊叹。我的意思是，风景真是令人叹为观止。单句语法①Lifeisnottheamountofbreathsyoutake，it'sthemomentsthattakeyourbreath______．②Ilikearisingveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________(breathe).完成句子③____________________(尽管上气不接下气),wewererewardedwithspectacularpeak,whoseawesome

scenery____________________________________(令我惊叹).翻译全红婵的表现让观众惊叹不已。

awaytookmybreathaway/caughtmybreathtobreatheThoughoutofbreathQuanHongchan’sperformancetooktheaudience’sbreathaway.massiveadj.

巨大的；非常严重的Seenfromthetrainwindow，themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.从火车的窗户向外看，外面是连绵起伏的山脉和大片的森林。massn.块，团；大量，众多amassof＝massesof大量的；许多的themasses群众，平民百姓1.Thecoldair

(mass)aremovingfromSiberiatowardsInnerMongolia.2.Hedevotedhislifetomaintainingthepoliticalrightsof

masses.他一生致力于维护群众的政治权利。3.翻译

我们必须作出极大的努力去改善普通群众的生活水平。massestheWemustmakemassiveeffortstoimprovethelivingstandardsoftheordinarypeople.forareboundtoachievesuccessinboundadj.准备前往(某地)；一定会withTheyspentthenight,andthentookacoachboundnorththroughtheCanadianRockiestoJasper.

towinbeboundtodo...一定做……；有义务做……beboundfor准备前往(某地)beboundupwithsth.与某事有密切关系beboundupinsth.忙于/专心于/热衷于某事FromJasper,theycaughtthetraintowardsToronto.Oneofthetrain'sfirststopswasinEdmonton,theprovincialcapitalofAlberta,thecentreofCanada'shugeoilandgasdrillingindustry.Edmontonisfreezingcoldinwinter,withdailytemperaturesaveraging-10°C.Sinceitcanbetoocoldtogooutdoors,Edmontonishometomanyshoppingmalls.Infact,oneofthelargestshoppingmallsinNorthAmericaisinEdmonton.FromEdmonton,thetrainheadedsoutheastacrossthegreatCanadianPrairie.Atschool,DaiyuandLiuQianhadlearntthatCanada'spopulationisonlyslightlyoverthirty-sevenmillion.However,theydidnotanticipate

seeingsuchanopencountry,andweretrulyamazed.Theywentthroughtwowheat-growingprovinces,wheretheysawabunchoffarmsthatcoveredaverylargearea.provincialcapitalfreezingcoldbehometoanticipate

seeingabunchof

省会十分寒冷拥有料想能看到一堆

一束本意为“是……的栖息地/家乡/产地”在此引申为“拥有”anticipate

[ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt]:vt.①预料/预期；期待anticipation；期待

近义词:expect

anticipatedoingsth

预料做......antcipate+that从句预料Itisanticipatedthat据预料……asanticipated

正如预期，不出所料inanticipation(of)预料，预计；期待However，theydidnotanticipateseeingsuchanopencountry，andweretrulyamazed.但两人还是未曾料想能看到如此辽阔的国度，真是惊叹不已。seeingPeopleanticipatethatItisanticipatedthatHavinganticipatedanticipationisanticipatedEdmontonisfreezingcoldinwinter,withdailytemperaturesaveraging-10℃.

with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、方式、条件等。其结构如下：with＋宾语＋宾补 todo表示将要做的动作

doing表示主动或正在进行的动作

done表示被动或已完成的动作

adj./adv./prep.表状态

(1)Withhereyes________(close),shetouchedthegiftgently.她闭着眼轻轻地抚摸着礼物。(2)Withalotofwork

_______

(do),hewasn'tallowedtogoout.因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。(3)Withthecrowds

________

(cheer),theydrovetothepalace.

在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。(4)

Hewasasleepwithhishead____________.他头枕着手臂睡着了。closedtodocheeringonhisarms作方式状语作原因状语作伴随状语作方式状语Practice:Ican’tgoout_______________________.要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。②Alltheafternoonheworked_______________________.整个下午他都锁着门在工作。③___________________________,wecan’tvisitedit.因为这座庙正在维修，我们不能去参观。④Themanwaswalkingonthestreet,________________________.那人在街上走着，胳膊下夹着一本书⑤Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulthaneven____________________

所有的灯亮起来，

广场看起来更漂亮了。⑥youshouldn’tspeak________________你不应该满嘴食物说话。withalltheseclothestowashwiththedoorlockedWiththetemplebeingrepairedwithabookunderhisarmwithallthelightonwithyourmouthfullfreezing①adj.

极冷的；冰冻的(extremelycold)②n.[U]冰点③adv.

极冷地(作程度副词)It’ssocold.I’mfreezing!太冷了。我要冻僵了。Itisfreezingcoldtoday.今天好冷。freezingpoint冰点above/belowfreezing在冰点以上/以下Thetemperaturetomorrowwillfallbelowfreezing(point).明天气温将降到冰点以下。freezev.结冰；冻住；冻死；(因害怕等)停住不动；惊呆freeze-froze-frozenfreezetodeath冻死freezewithhorror吓呆了sb.’sbloodfreezes某人血液凝固frozenadj.冷冻的；冻僵；结冰的；吓呆befrozenwithfear/terror/fright吓呆了afrozenface冻僵的脸蛋Iamfrozen(我快冻僵了)=Iamfreezing(cold)（我快要冻死了）quick-frozenfood

速冻食品

adj.

极冷的；冰冻的adv.

极冷地(作程度副词)Afteranotherdayonthetrain,eventuallytheywerebackinanurbanarea,thecityofWinnipeg.Fromthere,theytravelledthroughthenight,andwokeupinOntario--alandofforestsandlakes.Thetrainthunderedon,throughtherollinghills.Thebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindowswerered,gold,andorange,andtherewasfrostontheground,confirmingthatautumnhadarrivedinCanada.Nightcameagain,andthetrainturnedsouthtowardsToronto.Whentheywokeupthenextmorningandpulledbackthecurtain,theycouldseethewidestretchofLakeHuron-oneofthefourGreatLakesonOntario'ssouthernborder.Itwasnotuntil9:30a.m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.Allinall,theirtripfromVancouvertoTorontohadtakenadurationoffourdays.thunder

onrollinghillsbushesandmapletreespulledbackthecurtaintakeadurationoffourdays她们在火车上又度过了一天，最终回到了都市区域--温尼伯市。从该市出发，她们连夜前行，从梦乡中醒来时，火车已抵达森林和湖泊密布的安大略省。火车继续轰隆隆地向前行驶，穿过绵延的群山。窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈红色、金色和橘黄色，地面盖着一层霜，表明加拿大已进入秋季。夜幕再次降临，火车转向南行，开往多伦多。次日清晨，她们醒来，拉开车窗窗帘，辽阔的休伦湖映入眼帘。休伦湖是安大略省南部边境的四大湖之一。上午九点半，她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。从温哥华到多伦多，她们的旅行总共历时四天。Itwasnotuntil…that…直到……才…例句感知ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatInoticedit.直到昨天我次注意到这件事。notuntilhegotseriouslyilldidheknowtheimportanceofhealth.直到他得了重病,他才知道健康的重要性。Itwasnotuntil9:30a.m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.notuntil...”结构常用于强调句型中：结构：Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分notuntil引导时间状语从句置于句首时，从句用陈述语序，主句用倒装语序。Ididn’trealizehowrightmyparentswere____________Ienteredhighschool.＝Itwasn'tuntilIenteredhighschool____________Irealizedhowrightmyparentswere.=NotuntilIenteredhighschool_______________Irealizehowrightmyparentswere.untilthatdid直到我成为我们班的班长，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。________________________________________thatIrealizedtheimportanceofteamwork.ItwasnotuntilIbecamemonitorofourclassItwasnotuntilhegotseriouslyillthatheknewtheimportanceofhealth.__________________________________________________________Irealizetheimportanceofteamwork.NotuntilIbecamemonitorofourclassdidItisnotuntilweareillthatweknowtheimportanceofhealth.我们只有生病了才知道健康的重要性。（强调句型）直到他得了重病，他才知道健康的重要性。（强调句型）

Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.=

WhenthemountainsandforestsofCanadawereseenfromthetrainwindow,theylookedmassive.seenfromthetrainwindow：过去分词作状语Lookingatthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken=

Whentheywerelookingatthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.Lookingatthebeautifulscenery：现在分词作状语(1)

(absorb)inhiswork，Tomforgottoinformherthathehadmadeachangetotheplan.汤姆专心于工作，忘记了通知她他对计划做了一下改变。(2)

，thetreescouldgrowtaller.如果再多给一点时间，这些树会长得更高。(3)Thescientistcamein，

(follow)byherassistant.(1)WangPengsatinhisemptyrestaurant，feelingveryfrustrated.王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。(2)Thenumberofpatientshasbeendeclining，

(suggest)thatourseveremeasureshavebeeneffective.病人的数量一直在下降，表明我们的严厉措施已经奏效。(3)Theyoungpainterstoodtherequietlyintheartgallery，

famouspainting那位年轻的画师静静地站在艺术馆里，欣赏着一幅名画。AbsorbedGivenmoretimefollowedsuggestingadmiringa现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。如：Askedwhyhewaslate,hecried.被问到为什么迟到时，他哭了。Looking

outofthewindow,Isawsomestudentsplayingthere.朝窗外望去，我看见一些学生在那边玩耍。

Summaryratherthan“与其……不如……；不愿”

as引导非限制性定语从句

“正如……”过去分词/现在分词作状语with＋宾语＋宾补

强调句型Itis/wasnotuntil…that…“直到……才……”Keyphrasesandsentencepatterns:达标检测当堂检测基础达标演练thanGivenhavearisenof