Unit4AdversityandCouragePeriod1ReadingandThinking（学案）-高二英语学与练（人教选择性）

选择性必修第三册Unit4AdversityandCouragePeriod1ReadingandThinking001预习导学Ⅰ单词认读关(先填后记诵)一、基础词汇记其形1.

____________

n.

困境；逆境2.

____________

vt.

分派；布置；分配3.

____________

n.

&

vt.

羡慕；妒忌4.

____________

vt.

毁坏；压坏；压碎

n.

拥挤的人群5.

____________

vt.

舍弃；抛弃；放弃6.

____________

adj.

痛苦的，令人难受的7.

____________

adj.

相当不错的；正派的；得体的8.

____________

adj.

真正的；真诚的；可信赖的9.

____________

vi.

坚持；孜孜以求10.

____________

vi.

&

vt.

决定；决心；解决n.

决心；坚定的信念11.

____________

adj.

残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的12.

____________

adv.

幸运地13.

____________

n.

指导；引导；导航1.

adversity

n.

困境；逆境2.

assign

vt.

分派；布置；分配3.

envy

n.

&

vt.

羡慕；妒忌4.

crush

vt.

毁坏；压坏；压碎

n.

拥挤的人群5.

abandon

vt.

舍弃；抛弃；放弃6.

miserable

adj.

痛苦的，令人难受的7.

decent

adj.

相当不错的；正派的；得体的8.

genuine

adj.

真正的；真诚的；可信赖的9.

persevere

vi.

坚持；孜孜以求10.

resolve

vi.

&

vt.

决定；决心；解决（问题或困难）

n.

决心；坚定的信念11.

cruel

adj.

残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的12.

fortunately

adv.

幸运地13.

guidance

n.

指导；引导；导航二、核心词汇记中变1.endurevt.忍耐；容忍→____________n.忍耐力；耐久力2.qualifyvt.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→____________adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→____________n.资格；资历；资格证书3.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→____________adv.热心地→____________n.热心；热情4.assignvt.分派；布置；分配→____________n.分配；任务5.abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉迷于→____________adj.被抛弃的；放纵的6.belongv.属于→____________n.(pl.)财物；动产7.selfishadj.自私的→____________adv.自私地→____________n.自私自利8.perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求→____________n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神9.crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→____________adv.残酷地；残忍地；冷酷地→____________n.残忍；残酷；冷酷10.resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念→____________n.决议；解决；坚定11.fortunen.财富；命运；运气→____________adv.幸运地→____________adj.不幸的→____________adv.不幸地；遗憾地12.guidevt.指导n.指南→____________n.指导；引导；导航13.advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→____________n.广告活动；广告业→____________n.广告14.corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社团的→____________n.公司1.endurevt.忍耐；容忍→endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力2.qualifyvt.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualificationn.资格；资历；资格证书3.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasticallyadv.热心地→enthusiasmn.热心；热情4.assignvt.分派；布置；分配→assignmentn.分配；任务5.abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉迷于→abandonedadj.被抛弃的；放纵的6.belongv.属于→belongingsn.(pl.)财物；动产7.selfishadj.自私的→selfishlyadv.自私地→selfishnessn.自私自利8.perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求→perseverancen.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神9.crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruellyadv.残酷地；残忍地；冷酷地→crueltyn.残忍；残酷；冷酷10.resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念→resolutionn.决议；解决；坚定11.fortunen.财富；命运；运气→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunateadj.不幸的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遗憾地12.guidevt.指导n.指南→guidancen.指导；引导；导航13.advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→advertisingn.广告活动；广告业→advertisementn.广告14.corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社团的→corporationn.公司15.roughadj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的；崎岖的；艰难的；粗鲁的→roughlyadv.粗略地；大约16.navigatev.导航；航行；航海；横渡→navigatorn.领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者17.loyaladj.忠诚的；忠实的→loyaltyn.忠诚；忠实18mitvt.犯(错误、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证→mittedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的→mitmentn.承诺；保证；奉献三、阅读词汇识其义1.

wage

n.

____________________2.

bitter

adj.

____________________3.

expedition

n.

____________________4.

endurance

n.

____________________5.

vigour(vigor)

n.

____________________6.

turnsbdown

____________________7.

qualified

adj.

____________________8.

enthusiastic

adj.

____________________9.

aboard

adv.

&

prep.

____________________10.

cupboard

n.

____________________11.

steward

n.

____________________12.

sink

vi.

____________________

vt.

____________________13.

stove

n.

____________________14.

blanket

n.

____________________15.

belongings

n.

[pl.]____________________16.

banjo

n.

____________________17.

voyage

n.&vi.

____________________18.

navy

n.

____________________19.

cosy

adj.

____________________20.

selfish

adj.

____________________21.

good/badtempered

adj.

____________________22.

perseverance

n.

____________________23.

resolution

n.

____________________24.

crew

n.

____________________25.

thorough

adj.

____________________26.

furniture

n.

____________________27.

unfortunately

adv.

____________________28.

bark

vi.

&

n.

____________________29.

rugby

n.

____________________30.

bat

n.

______________

vi.&vt.

________________31.

damp

adj.

____________________32.

recreation

n.

____________________33.

nephew

n.

____________________34.

advertising

n.

____________________35.

advertise

vt.

&

vi.

____________________36.

cooperate

adj.

____________________1.

wage

n.

工资2.

bitter

adj.

严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3.

expedition

n.

探险；远征；探险队4.

endurance

n.

忍耐力；耐久力5.

vigour(vigor)

n.

精力；力量；活力6.

turnsbdown

拒绝（某人）7.

qualified

adj.

符合资格；具备……的知识（或技能、学历等）8.

enthusiastic

adj.

热情的；热心的9.

aboard

adv.

&

prep.

上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）10.

cupboard

n.

橱柜；壁橱；衣柜11.

steward

n.

（轮船、飞机或火车上的）乘务员；服务员12.

sink

vi.

沉没；下沉；下降

vt.

使下沉；使沉没13.

stove

n.

炉具；厨房灶具14.

blanket

n.

毯子15.

belongings

n.

[pl.]

财物；动产16.

banjo

n.

班卓琴（乐器）17.

voyage

n.&vi.

航海；航行18.

navy

n.

海军；海军部队19.

cosy

adj.

温馨的；舒适的20.

selfish

adj.

自私的21.

good/badtempered

adj.

脾气好的/坏的22.

perseverance

n.

毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神23.

resolution

n.

决议；解决；坚定24.

crew

n.

（轮船、飞机等上面的）全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人25.

thorough

adj.

深入的；彻底的；细致的26.

furniture

n.

家具27.

unfortunately

adv.

不幸地；遗憾地28.

bark

vi.

&

n.

（狗）吠叫；吠叫声29.

rugby

n.

橄榄球运动30.

bat

n.

球拍；蝙蝠

vi.&vt.

用球板击球；挥打；拍打31.

damp

adj.

潮湿的，湿气重的32.

recreation

n.

娱乐；消遣；游戏33.

nephew

n.

侄子；外甥34.

advertising

n.

广告活动；广告业35.

advertise

vt.

&

vi.

公布；宣传；做广告36.

cooperate

adj.

公司的；法人的；社团的Ⅱ语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1._____________________人员招募2._____________________参加探险3._____________________前往...的探险4._____________________梦想5._____________________做好准备6_____________________在.......岁时7._____________________健康8._____________________充满活力9._____________________申请做某事10._____________________拒绝某人11._____________________某人没有资格12._____________________某人对某事如此热情以至于……13._____________________出发14._____________________折回，返回15._____________________给某人一份工作16_____________________指派我去做服务员17._____________________卡在冰里18._____________________弃船19._____________________个人物品20._____________________扔掉21._____________________令我们惊讶的是22._____________________振奋某人的精神23._____________________在冰上扎营24._____________________设法生存25._____________________好几天；多日26._____________________不久之后；稍后27._____________________获得成功；成功做到（其他意思：准时到达）28._____________________情绪不高的（low生义：沮丧的；消沉的）29._____________________坚持住；等一等；别挂断；30._____________________变成31._____________________到现在；目前为止32._____________________毕竟；终究1.menwanted人员招募2.joinanexpedition参加探险3.anexpeditionto...前往...的探险4.dreamof梦想5.bereadyfor做好准备6.attheageof在.......岁时7.befit健康8.befullofvigour充满活力9.applytodo申请做某事10.turnsb.down拒绝某人11.sb.benotqualified某人没有资格12.sb.beenthusiasticaboutsth.that某人对某事如此热情以至于……13.setoff出发14.turnback折回，返回15.offersb.ajob给某人一份工作16.assignmetobeasteward指派我去做服务员17.beestuckintheice卡在冰里18.abandon

theship弃船19.personalbelongings个人物品20.throwaway扔掉21.tooursurprise令我们惊讶的是22.keepone’sspiritsup振奋某人的精神23.campontheice在冰上扎营24.managetosurvive设法生存25.fordays好几天；多日26.soonafter不久之后；稍后27.makeit获得成功；成功做到（其他意思：准时到达）28.feellow情绪不高的（low生义：沮丧的；消沉的）29.holdon坚持住；等一等；别挂断；30.turninto变成31.bynow到现在；目前为止32.afterall毕竟；终究Ⅲ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译)ButthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.Wearenowcrowdedtogetherunderoneofourboatsontherockyshoreofthismiserableplace.但是象岛上的情况越来越糟糕。现在，在这个悲惨之地的岩石海岸，我们挤在一艘小船下。However,thesehappymemoriesaresooninterruptedbyasuddencoldrushofair.然而，这些快乐的回忆很快被突然涌进的一股冷空气打断。Theirgenuineconcernforothers,theirperseverance,andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.他们对别人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念，让我充满希望。002语篇理解Step1Pre­reading1.Whathappenedto“Endurance”inthephoto?2.Howwouldyoufeelandwhatwouldyoudoifyouwereonthisship.Answers:1.Thisshipinthephotolooksasifithasgotstuckinsomeice.2.IfIwereonthatship,Iwouldfeelworriedbecauseitisprobablyfarfromanylandortownandonecouldrunoutofsuppliesquickly.Althoughitmightbebesttostayontheshipandwaitforhelptoe,IthinkIwouldleaveandtrytofindhelp,becausenoonewouldfindyouinsuchaplace.Anyrescueshipwouldfacethesameproblem!ReadthisadvertisementthatwaspostedbyErnestShackleton,thefamousBritishexplorer.Discussthequestionswithyourgroupmembers.Q1.Whatdoes“smallwages”mean?Q2.Whatisthemeaningof“bittercold”here?Whatkindofmendoyouthinkcouldendurebittercold?Q3.Accordingtotheadvertisement,whatkindofmenwasErnestShackletonlookingfor?Q4.Wouldyouliketojoinanexpeditionlikethis?Whyorwhynot?答案3.Accordingtotheadvertisement,Shackletonwaslookingformenwhowerenotinterestedinmoneyorfort,butinhonourandachievement,whichcannotbebought.4.Iwouldliketojoinanexpeditionlikethis.Althoughitwouldbeextremelytough,thesenseofachievementIwouldgetfromdoingitwouldbeworthit.Idon’tthinkIcouldgetthesamefeelingfromanythingelse.Step2While­readingTask1:Fastreading1.Findthebasicinformationabouttheexpeditionandfinishthefollowingchart.2.Whatisthemainideaofeachdiary?Task2:Readfordetails1.Diary1HowdidBlackborowetojointheexpedition?2.Diary2WhathappenedtoEndurance?Whatdidthecrewmembershavetodo?WhydidheallowHusseytokeephisbanjo?3.Diary3WhatdidShackletondotomakesureallcrewmemberscouldsurvive?Whatdidthecrewmembershavetodotomakesuretheycouldsurvive?答案：Task1.1.2.Task21.2.EndurancegotstuckiniceasitapproachedAntarctica.Theshipgotcrushedandthecrewhadtoabandonit.Thecrewhadtocollectessentialsuppliesandcampontheice.BecauseHusseycouldplayittokeeptheirspiritsup.3.Shackletonmadesuretheysurvivedbyleavingwithafewmentofindhelp.Itwastoodangerousforallthementogo.Theyhadtocatchsealsorpenguinstofeedthemselves.4.Para.5Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.Theauthor’spurposeistoinformthereadersandinspirethemtodowhatevertheycantodealwiththisproblem.Step3Post­readingAfterShackleton,BlackborowandFrankWildweresavedandwentback,theywereinvitedtoseveralinterviews.Workingroupstomakeaninterviewwithyourpartners.Step4HomeworkImagineyouwerePerceBlackborow.Writeamessageinabottletoexplainyoursituationandaskforhelp.003语言学习Part1核心词汇1.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasticallyadv.热情地；热心地→enthusiasmn.热情；热心【用法归纳】beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth对(做)某事有热情lack/fullofenthusiasm缺乏/充满热情withenthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)热情地【学以致用】单句语法填空/补全句子①Heisselfishandbadtempered.Thus，hewillneverbeenthusiastic__________helpingthoseintrouble.②Inspiredbythe__________(enthusiastic)andencouragement，Davidquickenedhispaceinhighspirits.③BernardandJohnstill____________________inspiteofseveralfailures.尽管失败了几次，伯纳德和约翰仍然热情地做爆米花。about,enthusiasm,madepopcornenthusiastically/withenthusiasm2.envyn.&vt.羡慕；妒忌→enviousadj.嫉妒的；羡慕的【用法归纳】envysbsth羡慕某人有某物envysbdoingsth羡慕某人做某事withenvy羡慕地；嫉妒地outofenvy出于嫉妒begreenwithenvy嫉妒地眼红beenviousof...羡慕/嫉妒……【学以致用】单句语法填空/补全句子①I__________(envy)himbeingenthusiasticandfullofenergyanditseemedthatheneverfeltexhausted.②Iam__________(envy)ofyou，becauseyouareleadingsuchacosyanddecentlife.③I____________________becauseshewasreallydressedtotheteethattheparty.她在派对上穿得真华丽，我非常眼红。envied,envious,wasgreenwithenvy3.abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉迷于→abandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的【用法归纳】abandononeselfto(doing)sth沉湎于(做)……；纵情于(做)……abandondoingsth放弃做某事withabandon放纵地，放任地beabandonedto(doing)sth沉湎于(做)……【学以致用】单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级①Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeel__________(abandon).②Hislastwordwentlikeabullettoherheart.S________________________________________.他最后一句话太扎心了。她大哭起来，陷入绝望。③Iabandonedmyselftoputergames.Iperformedextremelybadlyintheendoftermexamination.→______________________________，Iperformedextremelybadlyintheendoftermexamination.(现在分词短语作状语)→______________________________，Iperformedextremelybadlyintheendoftermexamination.(形容词短语作状语)abandoned,Sheburstintotearsandabandonedherselftodespair,Abandoningmyselftoputergames,Abandonedtoputergames4.sink(sank/sunk，sunk)vi.沉没；下沉；下降；倒下；坐下；(心情)沮丧，(情绪)低落vt.使下沉；使沉没n.洗涤槽，水槽【用法归纳】sinkinto/down/back颓然坐下/重重倒下/向后倒下sinkintosth渐渐进入(消极、不快等)状态one’sheart/spiritssink心情沉重；情绪低落asinkingfeeling/ship颓丧感/沉船【学以致用】单句语法填空/补全句子①Witha__________(sink)heart，hedraggedhisfeethome.②Shemurmuredherthanksand__________(sink)downintoherchair.③____________________.Shefeltseizedbyaburstofsadnessandcouldn’tholdbackhertears.(情感描写)她心情沉重。她突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。sinking,sank/sunk,Herheartsank/sunk5.resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念→resolutionn.决议；解决；坚定【用法归纳】resolvetodosth决定做某事makearesolutiontodo...下定决心做……【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Wehavemadearesolution__________(reduce)ourcarbonfootprintbyrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.②Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors，so____________________________________________________________(文化遗产与保护)文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它们。toreduce,ourcountryhasresolvedtosparenoefforttoprotectthem.Part2核心句型Greatworksareperformednotbystrength,butperseverance.成就伟业不在于体力,而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。【句式分析】not…but…“____________________”，not后接被否定的内容，but后面接被认可的事实。用法：连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则。【学以致用】NotTom’parentsbutTom_________(love)fishing.不是......而是loves【名师提醒】常见句型列举：notjust…but…/notonly…but(also)…/not...but...该句型可连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语，说话的侧重点在后一部分。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语应同靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。多与anything,nothing,anybody,nobody,who,all,none连用，后接名词或代词，如作主语，谓语动词与but前的代词保持人称和数的一致性。【拓展练习】1.Notjustyoubuthe_____(like)thecountrymusicverymuch.2.Hecannotjustdrivebut_____(repair)acar.3.Ilikenotjustpopmusic________countrymusic.4.Thisbookisnotjustinteresting________useful.5.LuXunisfamousnotjustinChina_________inthewholeworld.6.Nobodybutthey______(know)thesecret.likes,repair,but(also),but(also),but(also),knowWearenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive.现在，我们在冰层上扎营，一直在设法生存下来。【句式分析】(1)Myclothesarewet,becauseIhavebeenwalkinginthestreet.(2)Whohasbeentellingyousuchnonsense?(3)Shehasbeentellingmethetruth.(4)Who’sbeeninterruptingyou?(5)Ihavebeensayinggoodbyetoafewfriendstoday.现在完成进行时：表示从过去开始发生，一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。（见文本例句）表示动作刚刚结束。（见例句1）表示某种感情色彩。（见例句2和4）表示过去某种愿望未实现，某种企图或希望落空，含有遗憾、不耐烦的情绪。（见例句3）表示一个过去的动作对现在的影响和造成的结果。（相当于现在完成时）（见例句5）【学以致用】(1)CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe_______________(study)Englishforayear.(2)—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He___________________(prepare)foritformonths.(3)Bythetimeherealizeshe____________(walk)intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.hasbeenstudying,hasbeenpreparing,haswalkedWithoutFrankandErnest,we’dallbedeadbynow.要是没有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们现在早就没命了。【句式分析】(1)We’dbebetteroffwithoutthem____neighbours.(2)I’mverynearsightedwithoutglasses______.(3)Theydebatedforhourswithoutadecision__________(take).(4)Withoutanotherword_________(exchange),theystartedoff.(5)Withoutanyone_________(help),howcanwegoon?without＋宾语＋宾语补足语用法如下：(1)without+宾语+介词（见例句1）(2)without+宾语+副词（见例句2）(3)without+宾语+动名词（见例句3）(4)without+宾语+过去分词（见例句4）(5)without+宾语+不定式（见例句5）as,on,beingtaken,exchanged,tohelp【名师提醒】without在虚拟语气中的用法：(1)without表示将来时间虚拟语气的情况：Idon’tknowwhatwe_________(do)withoutyou.(2)without表示过去时间虚拟语气的情况：Withouttheirsupport,theproject____________________(be)successful.(3)without表示现在时间虚拟语气的情况：Withoutair,there_____________(be)livingthingsintheworldnow.without在虚拟语气中的用法总结：表示将来，主句用would/should/could/might+do表示过去，主句用would/should/could/might+havedone3表示现在，主句用would/should/could/might+dowoulddo,wouldnothavebeen,wouldn’tbe004随堂小练Part1动词的形式变化和词形转换1.TodayIamas_________aboutmyjobasthefirstdayandmy_________enablesmetotreatmyjob_________.(enthusiastic)2.Believeitornot，myhusbandwascrueltomeandhis_________alwaysmademeinlowspirits.(cruel)3._________，hereceivedalarge_________fromhisunclewhoiswarmheartedandgenerous.(fortunate)4.He_________withhisviolinlessons.Itwashis_________thatenabledhimtobeeadistinguishedviolinist.(persevere)5.Underthe_________(guide)ofthequalifiedguide，wetraveledaroundtheplacesofinterestveryhappily.6.He_________metothedifficult_________，soIcouldn’twasteanytime.(assign)7.Dozensof_________(qualify)studentstookpartinthecampaignandpractisedfrequentlyundertheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteachers.8.Shefeltdesperatelytiredandherspirits_________(sink).【答案】1.enthusiastic,enthusiasm,enthusiastically2.cruelty3.Fortunately,fortune4.persevered,perseverance5.guidance6.assigned,assignment7.qualified8.sank/sunkPart2课文语法填空Fillintheblankswiththevocabularyfromthearticle(Diary1para2)AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton—thisistheadventurethatI____________________.AndIwasreadyforit.Attheageof19,Iamfitandfullof_________.However,whenI____________jointheexpedition,Shackleton_____________becausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified.ButIwasso____________abouttheideaof_______________themthatIsecretlywent_________hisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmallcupboard.___________,threedaysafterwe_______Iwasdiscovered.Shackletondidnotwantto_________soheofferedmeajob,butonlyafterhepromisedme,“Ifanyonehastobeeaten,thenyouwillbethefirst!”Heassignedmetobeasteward,andInowservemealsfortwentyeightmen,threetimesaday.Fillintheblankswiththevocabularyfromthearticle(Diary2para2)Beforewe____________theship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessentialsupplies—thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,and__________.Thiswasnotimetopanic.Wewerenot__________takemostofourpersonalbelongings,andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.But_____________,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Husseyoftenplaysitto________________.【答案】havebeendreamingof,vigour,appliedto,turnedmedown,enthusiastic,goingalongwith,aboard,Unfortunately,setoff,turnbackabandoned,blankets,allowedto,tooursurprise,keepourspiritsup005培优提升完形填空IhavebeenafraidofheightsforaslongasIcanremember.WhenIwas11,myschoolbuiltaleadershiptrainingcenterthathadvariouschallenges.Themost1ofthemallwascalled“TheLeapofFaith”,whereyouhadtoclimba2toaplatform11metershigh.Oncethere,youhadto3theplatformandreachouttograbarope.IhadseenstudentsdoitandhadsworntherewasnowayIwouldever4it.Onedaymyteacheraskedme,“Areyougoingtotry?”I5itoffandtoldhimthathecouldn’tpaymetodoit.6,heencouragedmeuntilfinallyIagreedtodoit.IclimbedupandwhenIgottothetop,Iwasinshockandcouldn’tmove.Seeingthis,myteacher7thatinsteadofjumpingofftheplatformandgrabbingtherope,Ijustsitontheedgeandthenslidedown.Isatdown,butstillcouldn’tbringmyselftoslideoffthe8.Isattherefor20minutes.Finally,withtheencouragementofmyclass,Isliddown.WhenIfinallyreachedtheground,Iheardtwoboys9meaboutitbehindmyback.So,IdecidedIwantedto10again.Overthenexttwoweeks,Ididallsortsofthingsto11myself.Ijumpedofftablesanddidsomehighropesstuff.OnemorningbeforeschoolIwentdowntothecenter,climbedtothetopoftheladder,encouragedmyselfandthen...IDIDIT!Ihadneverbeforefeltso12ofmyself.Ilearnedsomuchduringthattime.Themostimportantthingwasthatsometimessituationsare13butthatdoesn’tmakethemimpossible.Peoplewilldoubtyouinlife,butIhavelearnedthat14isthebestwaytoreplytopeoplelikethat.So,alwayskeepdreaminganddon’tletyour15getintheway.1．A．difficult B．interesting C．important D．useful2．A．wall B．tree C．ladder D．rock3．A．dealwith B．jumpoff C．relyon D．hurrydown4．A．consider B．examine C．adopt D．attempt5．A．put B．laughed C．called D．kicked6．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Anyway D．Moreover7．A．suggested B．announced C．required D．agreed8．A．branch B．stage C．shore D．edge9．A．teasing B．asking C．praising D．blaming10．A．act B．try C．show D．slide11．A．assess B．please C．calm D．prepare12．A．aware B．afraid C．proud D．serious13．A．frightening B．different C．strange D．dangerous14．A．exercise B．knowledge C．success D．independence15．A．anger B．confusion C．failures D．fears【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．D5．B6．C7．A8．D9．A10．B11．D12．C13．A14．C15．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”在攀爬训练中遇到的挑战和最终成功克服恐高症的经历，传递了一个积极的信息：无论遇到多么困难的情况，只要充满勇气和坚持努力，就能够战胜困难并取得成功。1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中最困难的是“信仰的飞跃”，你必须爬上一个梯子到11米高的平台。A.difficult困难的；B.interesting有趣的；C.important重要的；D.useful有用的。根据前文的“variouschallenges”可知，此处表示各种挑战之中最难的一个。故选A项。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中最困难的是“信仰的飞跃”，你必须爬上一个梯子到11米高的平台。A.wall墙；B.tree树；C.ladder梯子；D.rock岩石。根据后文的“climbedtothetopoftheladder”可知，爬到11米高的平台上需要借助梯子的帮助。故选C项。3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦到达那里，你需要从平台上跳下去并伸手抓住一根绳子。A.dealwith处理；B.jumpoff跳下；C.relyon依赖；D.hurrydown匆忙下去。根据后文的“jumpingofftheplatform”可知，你需要从平台上跳下去。故选B项。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾看到其他同学尝试过，发誓自己永远不会做那样的事情。A.consider考虑；B.examine检查；C.adopt采纳；D.attempt尝试。根据前文的“IhavebeenafraidofheightsforaslongasIcanremember.”可知，“我”恐高，因此“我”不敢尝试，故选D项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对老师付之一笑，告诉他给我再多钱我也不会去做。A.put放置；B.laughed笑；C.called称呼；D.kicked踢了。根据下文的“hecouldn’tpaymetodoit”可知，“我”对老师的回应应该是“一笑了之”。故选B项。6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但不管怎样，老师一直都在鼓励我，最终我同意尝试一下。A.Therefore因此；B.Instead反而；C.Anyway不管怎样；D.Moreover而且。根据“heencouragedmeuntilfinallyIagreedtodoit”可知，空格处的上下文在逻辑上构成让步关系，表示“不管怎样”。故选C项。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这情景，我的老师建议我不要跳下平台去抓住绳子，而是坐在边缘然后滑下来。A.suggested建议；B.announced宣布；C.required要求；D.agreed同意。根据前文的“IclimbedupandwhenIgottothetop,Iwasinshockandcouldn’tmove.”可知，老师看到“我”不敢跳下来，因此建议“我”换种方式下来。故选A项。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐下来，但仍然无法鼓起勇气滑下去。A.branch树枝；B.stage舞台；C.shore岸；D.edge边缘。根据前文的“Ijustsitontheedgeandthenslidedown.”可知，“我”还是不敢从梯子的边缘滑下来。故选D项。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我最终来到地面时，我听到两个男孩在背后取笑着我。A.teasing取笑；B.asking询问；C.praising赞美；D.blaming责怪。根据前文的“Isattherefor20minutes.Finally,withtheencouragementofmyclass,Isliddown.”可知，会有人取笑我胆小。故选A项。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我决定再次尝试。A.act行动；B.try尝试；C.show展示；D.slide滑动。根据前文的“WhenIfinallyreachedtheground,Iheardtwoboys...meaboutitbehindmyback.”可知，“我”为了回应别人的取笑，决定再次尝试。故选B项。11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两个星期里，我做了各种各样的事情来为自己做准备。A.assess评估；B.please取悦；C.calm使平静；D.prepare准备。根据下文的“Ijumpedofftablesanddidsomehighropesstuff.”可知，“我”不甘心被嘲笑，因此通过训练来做好再次尝试的准备。故选D项。12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从未如此为自己感到自豪过。A.aware意识到的；B.afraid害怕的；C.proud自豪的；D.serious严肃的。根据前文的“OnemorningbeforeschoolIwentdowntothecenter,climbedtothetopoftheladder,encouragedmyselfandthen...IDIDIT!”可知，“我”会为自己的成功感到自豪。故选C项。13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，有时候情境虽然令人恐惧，但并不意味着不可能。A.frightening令人恐惧的；B.different不同的；C.strange奇怪的；D.dangerous危险的。根据前文的“Isattherefor20minutes.”可知，“我”不敢跳下来，因此有些场景令人恐惧。故选A项。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们会怀疑你，但我学到了用成功去回应那些人是最好的方式。A.exercise锻炼；B.knowledge知识；C.success成功；D.independence独立。根据前文的“OnemorningbeforeschoolIwentdowntothecenter,climbedtothetopoftheladder,encouragedmyselfandthen...IDIDIT!”可知，“我”成功了，回应了之前有人对我的怀疑。故选C项。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，永远保持梦想，不要让恐惧阻碍你前进。A.anger愤怒；B.confusion困惑；C.failures失败；D.fears恐惧。根据前文的“OnemorningbeforeschoolIwentdowntothecenter,climbedtothetopoftheladder,encouragedmyselfandthen...IDIDIT!”可知，“我”成功跳下来，克服了恐惧。故选D项。二、语法填空1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenIappliedtojoinanexpedition,Shackletonturnedme16.ButIsecretlywentaboardhisship,theEndurance.Thejourneyhadnotbeeneasy.Endurancebecame17(stick)intheiceandwehadtoabandontheship.Shackleton18(calm)calledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessential19(supply).Wewerecampedontheiceandwehadbeenmanagingtosurvive,butspring20(e),andtheicewouldsoonbegintomelt.ThingsonElephantIslandweregoingfrombadto21.ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland,1,320kilometersaway—thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofus22(make)itinoursmallboats.IfShackletonfailed,wouldwehaveanyhopeofrescue?No.BlessFrankWild,thekindestmantherewasafterourleader,ErnestShackleton.WithoutFrankandErnest,we’dallbe23(die)bynow.Theirgenuineconcernforothers,their24(persevere),andtheirresolvefilledme25hope.Perhapstherewasachancewewouldreturnhome,afterall.【答案】16．down17．stuck18．calmly19．supplies20．wasing21．worse22．tomake23．dead24．perseverance25．with【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了沙克尔顿在遭遇轮船沉没等一系列糟糕的情况后乘船去求救，以及队员们等待救援的过程。16．考查固定短语。句意：当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我。turndown“拒绝”，是固定短语，根据句意，故填down。17．考查非谓语动词。句意：耐力号被困在冰里，我们不得不弃船。分析句子可知，此处用非谓语动词形式作表语，stick与主语Endurance是被动关系，用过去分词作表语，故填stuck。18．考查副词。句意：沙克尔顿平静地把我们叫到一起告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填calmly。19．考查名词复数。句意同上。此处作宾语用名词形式，表示“基本物资”，用复数，故填supplies。20．考查动词时态。句意：我们在冰上扎营，一直在设法生存，但是春天来了，冰很快就要融化了。根据前后文语境，描述过去将来要发生的动作，用过去将来时，e用过去进行时表示将来，且主语spring是单数，故填wasing。21．考查形容词比较级。句意：大象岛上的情况每况愈下。根据句意，使用固定短语frombadtoworse，表示“每况愈下；越来越糟糕”，故填worse。22．考查不定式。句意：沙克尔顿离开我们，到1320公里外的南乔治亚岛去寻求帮助——这次航行太危险，对我们所有人来说都太困难了，我们不能用小船去。分析句子可知，此处用不定式构成不定式复合结构“forallofustomakeitinoursmallboats”作状语，修饰difficult，故填tomake。23．考查形容词。句意：没有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们现在都死了。be动词后接形容词作表语，dead“死的”作表语，故填dead。24．考查名词。句意：他们对他人的真诚关怀，他们的毅力和决心让我充满了希望。形容词性物主代词their修饰名词，作宾语，persevere的名词形式是perseverance，不可数名词，故填perseverance。25．考查介词。句意：他们对他人的真诚关怀，他们的毅力和决心让我充满了希望。Fill…with…“用……充满……”，是固定短语，根据句意，故填with。2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Weletosen