高级英语课文详解省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

MarkTwainsuggestedthataningredientwasmissingintheAmericaambitionwhenhesaid:whatarobustpepole,whatanationofthinkerswemightbe,lfwewouldonlylayourselvesontheshelfoccasionallyandrenewouredges.翻译：马克吐温以为，美国式理想中缺乏一个成份。他说：假如我们能偶然彻底放松一下，使我们棱角保持尖锐，那么我们民族将会是一个多么富有朝气，多么善于思索民族啊。1/43ingredient成份，原料，原因，要素eg:ourskincreamcontainsonlynaturalingredients.我们护肤霜只包含天然成份。occasionally

[əˈkeɪʒən(ə)li]

adv.偶然，间或；“occasional”派生eg:Weoccasionallymeetforadrinkafterwork.我们下班后偶然相聚小酌。2/43robustadj1健壮，强壮eg:shewasalmost90,butstillveryrobust她快要90岁了，但身体依然十分健壮。2坚固，耐用，坚固3(体制或结构)强劲，富有活力robusteconomicgrowth强劲经济增加4坚定，信心十足noun：robustness3/43layourselvesontheshelf:relax,restorstayawayfromallthiscrazystruggleforsuccessedge[ɛdʒ]n.边；优势（悬崖、峭壁）边缘，端；尖锐，尖锐vt.在…上加边界；使渐进；给（刀刃）磨边，使尖锐；修整vi.慢慢向前移动，侧身移动noun:尖锐，尖锐eg:aknifewithasharpedge刀刃尖锐renewouredges:keepouredgessharp4/43renewvt.重新开始；使更新；使恢复；补充vi.重申，重复强调；重新开始vt:renewyourhealth恢复你健康vi:Therewasrenewedfightingyesterday.昨天战斗重新打响了。5/43Personaltragedyhauntedhisentirelife,inthedeathsoflovedones:hisfatherdyingofpneumoniawhenSamwas12；hisbrotherHerry,killedbyasteamboatexplosion,thedeathofhisson,Langon,at19mouths.译文：可悲是马克吐温一生却笼罩在悲剧和不幸阴影中，他亲人相继离他而去;他12岁时，父亲便因肺炎而逝世；他弟兄亨利在一次蒸汽船爆炸事故中丧生，他儿子朗顿才十九个月就夭折了。6/43hauntverb萦绕在心头，缠绕：长久困扰eg:Thestigmaofbeingabankruptislikelytohaunthimfortherestofhislife.破产耻辱可能会让他余生不得安宁。Vi尤指鬼魂重回或常去eg:Hisghostissaidtohauntsomeoftherooms,bangingatoydrum.听说他鬼魂经常敲着玩具鼓出没在其中一些房间里。noun:〈方〉鬼或其它超自然物体；常去地方Thecollegelibraryisafavoritehaunt.大学图书馆是人们喜欢地方。7/43hauntedadj.闹鬼；受到折磨；令人烦恼haunt”过去式和过去分词adj（表情）焦虑，忧心忡忡eg:Shelookedsohaunted,Ialmostdidn'trecognizeher.她愁容满面，我差点儿没认出她来。8/43pneumonia

[nʊˈmonjə,njʊ-]

n.[医]肺炎；急性肺炎eg:Shenearlydiedofpneumonia.她差点儿死于肺炎。explosion[ɪkˈsploʒən]n.爆炸，炸裂；暴发；扩张，激增；（感情，尤指愤恨）突然eg:Afterthesecondexplosion,allofLondon'smaintrainandsubwaystationswereshutdown.第二次爆炸后，伦敦全部主要火车站和地铁站都关闭了。9/43N-count可数名词爆炸声;轰然巨响Therewasanexplosionofmusic.突然暴发出一阵震耳欲聋音乐声.Hiseldestdaughter,Susy,diedofspinal

meningitis,Mis.ClementssuccumbedtoaheartattackinFlorence,andyoungestdaughter,Jean,anepileptic,drownedinanupstairsbathtub.译文：他大女儿苏茜死于脊膜炎；他妻子在佛罗伦萨死于心脏病；他最小女儿简患有癫痫，发病时溺死在楼上浴缸里。10/43spinal[spaɪnəl]adj.脊柱，与脊柱相关；针，刺；棘状突起adv.在脊骨方面，压着脊骨n.[医]脊髓麻醉spinalinjuries脊椎损伤meningitis[mɛnɪn`dʒaɪtɪs]n.脑膜炎Meningitisisaseriousinfectiousillnesswhichaffectsyourbrainandspinalcord.bronchitis支气管炎tonsillitis扁桃体炎

appendicitis：阑尾炎hepatitis肝炎

arthritis关节炎

11/43succumbed[sə`kʌmd]v.不再抵抗（诱惑、疾病、攻击等）(succumb过去式和过去分词)；屈从；被压垮；死于tosuccumbto:togiveinorstopresistingeg:Afewyearslater,KatyasuccumbedtocancerinLondon.几年后，卡佳因患癌症在伦敦病逝。Hesuccumbedtothetemptationsofthebigcity.他受不住大城市诱惑。12/43epileptic[epɪ'leptɪk]adj.由癫痫引发n.癫痫病患者Hiswifeisanepileptic.他妻子是个癫痫患者.drown[draʊn]vt.淹死；浸没；麻痹某人对…意识；（一声音）淹没（另一声音）vi.淹死eg:Lastnightaboywasdrownedintheriver.昨晚一名男孩在河里溺亡。eg:Clappingdrownedthespeaker'swordsforamoment.鼓掌声一度淹没了讲话人声音。13/43bathtub[bæθtʌb,bɑθ-]n.浴缸，澡盆eg:Pleaseletthewateroutofthebathtub.请把浴缸里水放掉。Bitternessfedonthemanwhohadmadetheworldlaugh.Themoralizingofhisearlierwritinghadbeenwellpaddedwithhumor.Nowtheglovescameoffwithbitingsatire.译文：这个曾经给全世界带来欢笑人自己却饱尝了人世间不幸与辛酸。他早期作品中说教包着幽默外衣，可现在幽默却变成了辛辣讽刺。14/43tofeedon/upontotakeasfoodRhetoricaldevice:thepersonificationofbitternesstoemphasizethesufferinginhisownlifePadwithhumorcover,stuff,fillwithhumor15/43(1)bitterness[`bɪtɚnɪs]n.苦味；痛苦；悲痛；酷烈Shewasfullofhatredandbitterness.她满腔仇恨和辛酸。Ifyouhavetastedthebitternessofgall,youknowbetterthesweetnessofhoney.吃过黄连苦，更知蜜糖甜。bitteradj1激烈；猛烈；充满敌意eg:thesceneofbitterfighting激烈战斗场面16/432怨恨；愤愤不平3（经历或感觉）令人非常失望，痛苦，辛酸eg:Agreatdealofbitterexperiencehadtaughthimhowtolosegracefully.大量惨痛经历让他学会了怎样坦然面对失败。noun:苦啤酒apintofbitter一品脱苦啤酒tothebitterend坚持到底；拼到底(2)biting[`baɪtɪŋ]adj.尖锐刺人；刺痛；辛辣；嘲讽v.咬，叮(bite现在分词)；刺痛；有咬（或叮）习性；（人）上当

17/431刻薄；尖刻；辛辣eg:bitingsatire尖刻讽刺2严寒；刺骨；凛冽eg:.araw,bitingnortherlywind.阴冷刺骨北风(3)satire[‘sætaɪər]n.讽刺；讽刺文学；讽刺作品eg:asharpsatireontheAmericanpoliticalprocess.一部尖刻讽刺美国政治进程作品18/43moralizing['mɒrəlɚɪzɪŋ]1.vt进行训诫，进行说教，教化eg:AsadramatistIhatetomoralize.作为一名剧作家，我憎恨说教。2noun说教eg:Wehavetriedtoavoidanymoralising.我们力图防止任何形式说教。moralizationn.道德说教，伦理课程，道义moralization(theactofmakingmoral)19/43padvt.给…装衬垫，加垫子；填塞；踏平vi.步行，放轻脚步走n.垫，衬垫；护具；便签本；发射台eg:ajacketwithpaddedshoulders有垫肩夹克noun(可数)1住处;（尤指）寓所，公寓eg:Imovedonroundthebighousetoreachmypad.我绕过大房子走向我公寓。2指头肚儿；（动物）爪垫eg:Tapyourcheeksalloverwiththepadsofyourfingers.用手指头肚儿轻拍脸颊一遍。20/43“theglovescameoff”derivesfromtheidiom“anironhandinavelvetglove”(ruthlessnessconcealedbygoodmanners,softspeech,etc.)笑里藏刀口蜜腹剑HepretendedtopraisetheU.S.militaryforthemassacreof600PhilippineMorosinthebowlofavolcanic

crater.译文：对于美军在火山口上屠杀600名菲律宾摩洛人所作所为，他假装高唱赞歌。massacre[`mæsəkɚ]n.大屠杀，残杀；（牲畜）成批屠宰vt.屠杀，残杀；损害，毁坏；<口>彻底击败；<口>惨败21/43eg：Marialosther62-year-oldmotherinthemassacre.在大屠杀中玛丽亚失去了62岁母亲。eg:Thegamewasa0-8massacre.比赛结果是0-8惨败。PhilippineMoros(MuslimsofMalay(马来西亚)originlivinginSPhilippine菲律宾摩洛人Moros摩洛族（居住在菲律宾南部，多为伊斯兰教教徒，以制造武器闻名），摩洛语(Moro名词复数)；[地名][西班牙]莫罗斯22/431.摩罗斯方童,摩罗斯(Moros),命数,是希腊神话中迫近劫数和毁灭化身。2.莫伊莱莫伊莱(Moros),命运女神黑暗女神厄瑞玻斯与黑夜女神尼克特婚配后生有:挨特耳(Aether),太空神赫墨拉(Hemera),光明神盖亚与她儿子乌拉诺斯结合,生下:12个3.厄运之神

kere

毁灭女神

carieskeres死亡女神23/4324/43crater[`kretɚ]n.火山口，喷火口；弹坑；[天文学]巨爵座；（月球上）环形山vt.在…上形成坑；取消；毁坏vi.形成坑；毁坏；消亡Theycametothelipofadeadcrater.他们来到了一个死火山口。volcanic[vɑl`kænɪk,vɔl-]adj.火山；猛烈；暴烈n.火山岩25/43TheMysteriousStrangerItwaspublishedposthumouslyintheappraisalofhiswork.Thestoryisthatofsomeboys,whoarereallyTomSawyer’sgangsinmedievaldress,inasmallvillageinAustria,whostrikeupanacquaintancewithasupernaturalvisitorwhocallshimself“Satan(撒旦，魔鬼)”andisabletoworkmiraclesandjugglewith(坑骗，玩弄)humanlives.Atlasthegrowsboredwithhisowngame.26/43Hethensaidtotheboy:“Itistrue,thatwhichIhaverevealedtoyou,thereisnoGod,nouniverse,nohumanrace,noearthlylife,noheaven,nohell.Itisalladreamagrotesque(怪诞)andfoolishdream.Nothingexistsbutyou.Andyouarebutathoughtavagrant(流浪者)thought,auselessthought,ahomelessthought,wanderingforlorn(凄凉)amongtheemptyeternities(空虚永恒）!”27/43Hereintheclosingpagesofthestory,MarkTwaintriestosolvehisriddleofgriefandself-reproach(指责),andclothe(赋予)hissoulintheinvulnerable(攻不破)armor(装甲)ofdesperation.Goodandevil,likerealityitself,aretohimonlyillusions.《神秘陌生人》是马克·吐温晚年代表作。作者借小说中“撒旦”之口来嘲弄人间丑恶，对人性提出质疑，他诅咒“人连畜生都不如”，对人类前途不报希望。作者在嬉笑怒骂背后，隐藏着深深绝望，把美国种种丑恶现象当做人类不能自拔罪恶渊源，进而对整个人类文明和前途表示了消极情绪。28/43InTheMysteriousStranger,heinsistedthatmendrophisreligiousillusionsanddependuponhimself,notProvidence,tomakeabetterworld.译文：在他《神秘陌生人》一书中，他坚定地宣告，为创造一个愈加美好世界，人应该抛弃宗教幻想，依靠自己，而不是上帝。insisteddeclaredfirmlyorpersistentlyillusions[ɪ`luʒən]n.错觉；幻想；错误观念；假象

29/43eg:Noonereallyhasanyillusionsaboutwinningthewar.没有些人幻想能赢得这场战争.eg:Thiseeriecalmisanillusion.这种怪诞平静是一个假象.dependupon依赖，依靠providence[`prɑvɪdəns,`dɛns]n.天道，天意；远见；节约；上帝，神eg:Thesewomenregardhisdeathasanactofprovidence.这些女人认为他死乃是天意。30/43Thelastofhisownillusionseemedtohavecrumbledneartheend.Dictatinghisautobiographylateinhislife,hecommen-tedwithacrushingsenseofdespaironmen’sfinalreleasefromearthlystruggles..译文：他自己最终一个幻想到以后几乎也破灭了。在他晚年口述其自传时，他曾极度绝望地谈到人从尘世苦难中得以最终解脱。31/43crumblevt.把…弄成碎屑；弄碎vi.破碎，破裂；碎成粉末；瓦解；崩裂n.碎屑，面包屑；已瓦解东西；瓦砾堆Verb(体系、关系或希望等)瓦解，瓦解，消亡eg:Itonlytakesaminuteforthefootballhopesofanentirecountrytocrumble.就在一分钟之内，全国民众足球梦想就化为了泡影。32/43dictating[‘dɪk`teɪtɪŋ]v.大声讲或读(dictate现在分词)；口授；支配；摆布eg:Sheldonwriteseverydayoftheweek,dictatinghisnovelsinthemorning...谢尔登一周7天都要写作，天天早上口述小说让他人统计。Verb命令;发号施令;强行要求eg:Whatrighthasonecountrytodictatetheenvironmentalstandardsofanother?一个国家有什么权力强行给另一个国家制订环境标准？33/43dictate（noun可数名词）1命令，指令2标准，规则，准则eg:TheirjobistoensurethatthedictatesofthePartyarefollowed.他们工作就是确保党指示得到执行。autobiography[`ɔtobaɪ`ɑɡrəfi,-bi-]n.自传；自传文学(可数名词）eg:Hepublishedhisautobiographylastautumn.他去年秋天出版了自己自传。34/43commentedvt.&vi.评论，谈论（comment过去式与过去分词形式）1.Verb发表意见;作出评论Sofar,MrCookhasnotcommentedonthesereports...到当前为止，库克先生仍未就这些报道发表评论。2.N-var可变名词(能够可数也能够不可数）评论;意见Iwaswonderingwhetheryouhadanycommentsaboutthat?请问您对此有何看法？35/433.N-sing单数名词(通常是不好事)表达，写照4.Convention惯用语无可奉告(通惯用于回答记者提问)Nocomment.Idon‘tknowanything.无可奉告。我什么都不知道。crushing[`krʌʃɪŋ]adj.压倒；决定性；支离破碎v.压碎，压坏(crush现在分词)；镇压，征服；冲入(crush现在分词）36/431.adj惨重;毁灭性;严重acrushingburdenofdebt...沉重债务负担Allhadsufferedcrushingmisfortunesandhadnotbeencrushed.他们全部遭受过毁灭性灾难，但结果并没有被毁掉。earthly[`ə:θli]adj.地球，地上；尘世，世俗；可能1.adj尘世;世间;人世Theylivedinanearthlyparadise.他们生活在人间天堂。37/43thesorrowsofthisearthlylife尘世悲伤2.adj（用于noearthlyreason等短语中表示强调）根