山西省临汾市霍州第二中学高三英语期末试卷含解析

山西省临汾市霍州第二中学高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Yourguidancehashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork

agoodimpressionisamust.A.which B.where C.as D.when参考答案：B2.Thatevening,__________Iwilltellmoreaboutlater,weendedthemeetingverylateandhadtospendanothernightinthehotel.A.that

B.which

C.what

D.when参考答案：B略3.Thewaytheguests___inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheservice.A.treatedB.weretreatedC.wouldtreatD.wouldbetreated参考答案：B.解析：考查时态和语态的用法。Theguests与treat之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。4..Inmanycountriespacketsofcigarettescomewithagovernmenthealthwarning________tothem.

A.stuck

B.attached

C.applied

D.referred参考答案：B略5.JohannesKeplerdiscoveredthattheplanets______incircularorbitsaroundthesun.A.donotmove

B.didn’tmove

C.hadn’tmoved

D.haven’tmoved参考答案：A6.Theweightofthemoonisonlyabout_____ofthatoftheearth.

A.oneeighty

B.oneofeighty C.onetheeightieth

D.oneeightieth参考答案：D7.Theorganizerspromise

winsthefirstprizeachancetogoabroad。A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever参考答案：C8.Allofuswanttogotothepark___________Bob.Hehadtolookafterhissickmotherathome.A．except

B．besidesC．exceptfor

D．inadditionto参考答案：A【详解】考查介词和介词短语辨析。句意；除了鲍勃，我们都想去公园。他不得不在家照顾生病的母亲。except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分；besides除……之外还有；exceptfor后接的词同句子中的整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面；inadditionto除……之外还有。根据句意可知，鲍勃没有和我们一起去，而且与主语是同类，故选A。9.Ourgovernmentdecidedtogive_____totheenvironmentally-friendlybusinessesinmanyaspects.A.profit

B.advantage

C.preference

D.interest

参考答案：C10.Thereisanewproblem_______inthepopularityofprivatecarsthatroadconditionsneedimproving.A.involved

B.related

C.resulted

D.consisted参考答案：A11.Thisroomisn’tactually_______IwantedwhenImademyreservation.

A．whatB．whereC．whichD．whether参考答案：A考点：表语从句试题解析：本题考查表语从句。根据从句完整原则，从句中谓语动词wanted缺少宾语，因

此选择what做从句的宾语。12.Herclearandelegantprose______her_______frommostotherjournalists.A.sets…aside

B.sets…down

C.sets…apart

D.sets…up参考答案：C13.Itwasclearthatthesmallgrocerywas__________peopleheowedmoneyto.

A.attheexpenseof

B.attheriskofC.inthewayof

D.atthemercyof参考答案：D14.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit’sbetter_____silent.A.remain

B.beremaining

C.havingremained

D.toremain参考答案：D考察形式主语。It是形式主语，真正的主语是toremainsilent.句意：无论你是一个多么聪明的人。有很多时候保持沉默都是最好的。15.NewYorkisthefashioncapitaloftheworld,saysanewstudyonFeb4.2014bytheGlobalLanguageMonitor,Paris____second,withShanghai_____10thwhileHongkong20th.A.

coming,

ranks

B.

come,

ranked

C.

comes,

ranking

D.

coming,

ranking参考答案：D16._____basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.Known B.HavingknownC.Knowing D.Beingknown参考答案：C17.Greatattentionmust______education,especiallyinthecountryside.A.paytodevelop

B.bepaidtodevelopC.paytodeveloping

D.bepaidtodeveloping参考答案：D略二、新的题型18.TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.

36

.Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.

37

.AsthequalityofRisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren’twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetoneKilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.

38

.Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourWillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.

39

.Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.Meantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisersyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

40

.Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,we’llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A.ItalldependsonyourcharacterB.ThosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotakeC.BeingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvivalD.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittestE.ThisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworldF.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewardsG.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation参考答案：36．F37．C38．A39．E40．G36．F上句提到“weightheriskandthereward”（权衡风险和回报），F项中的usingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards与此相对应，故选F项。37．C上句提到冒险的人更善于捕猎、打斗或探险，C项中的thosethings指代上文的捕猎、打斗或探险等技能，故选C项。38．A上文提到“humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexisttoday”（人类形成了不同的性格类型，这些性格类型现在仍存在），所以人们对于赛车比赛热爱与否是由性格决定的，故选A项。39．E上句提到“yourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears”，E项中的when与duringyourteenageyears形成对应，故选E项。40．G由下文“Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.”可知，该段叙述冒险行为与大脑的关系，故作为本段首句，该空选G项。【备注】本文解释了有些人喜欢冒险和刺激的原因。新的科学研究发现，人们的冒险行为与大脑的工作机制有关。当大脑的快乐中枢被激活时，人们就会采取冒险行为。三、阅读理解19.

ResearchesatJohns

HopkinsUniversity's.AppliedPhysicslaboratory

(APL)

inLaurel,Marylandhavedesignedanewhuman-likerobot,ItsnameisRoboSally.Themachinecanbecontrolledfromadistanceandcanheusedtodoworkthatisdangerousforhumanbeings.

RohoSallyhastwolongarmswithhuman-likehands.Shecanuseherfingerstopickup

smallobjects.examinethemindetailanddomostthingsthathumanhandscandoEachfinger

containsatinymotorcapableofsqueezing20poundsofpinchforee,.enoughtodefuseabomb

underthedirectionofanoperator.Shesitsonametalbasewithwheelsthatlethermovearound.turnintightspacesandclimboversmallobjects,.

MikeMcLoughlinisthemaininvestigatorfortheAppliedPhysicsLaboratory'sProsthetics

Program."Thepurposeofthatprogramistodevelopprostheticarmsthathaveallthecapability

ofyournaturalarms.andyoudoallthecomplexmotionsthatwecandowiththenaturalarm-withtherobot."

Itwasadifficultjob.Mr.McLoughlinsaysthedevicehadtohavemanysmallmotorsto。havetheabilitytodowhatahumanhanddoes;It

alsoneedstohavehuman-likestrength.The

thumbwasespeciallydifficultbecauseitpermitsthehand.toholdobjects.Andeverythinghad.

tofitintoaspaceaboutthesizeofahumanhand.

Thenextproblem

.hesays.wastofigureouthowtocontroltheartificialhand."Sowehad

tofigureouthowtomaketheconnectionbetweenthebrainandthisarm.

Forsearch-and-rescueduties.RohoSallywillbeoperatedbyahumanbeingusingawire-lessmachinethatisfarfromtherobot.Theoperatorwillalsowearspecialglovesandglasses.

Theglassespermittheoperatortoseetherobot'shands.eventhoughtheyarefaraway.

Mr.McLoughlinsaysthiskindofrobotscouldbeusedinwhathecalls"dull,dirtyordan-gerous"situationswherefinehumanfingermovementsarerequired.Hesaysthetechnologyis

notreadyforeverydayapplication.buthepredictsthatwithinfiveyearswewillseesomewon-

derfulimprovements.【小题1】Theunderlinedword"defuse"

inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto"_________".

A.remove

B.discover

C.