国开电大2023年春季期末考试《高级商务英语阅读》试题(试卷代号1360)

国家开放大学2023年春季学期开放专科期末考试第第页国家开放大学2023年春季学期期末统一考试高级商务英语阅读试题注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后,把试卷和答题纸放在桌子上。试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。二、仔细读懂题目的说明,并按题目要求和答题示例答题。答案一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上,写在试卷上的答案无效。用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题,使用铅笔答题无效。Informationfortheexaminees:Thisexaminationconsistsofthreesections.Theyare:SectionOne:Words(20points,10minutes)SectionTwo:ReadingComprehension(64points,70minutes)SectionThree:Translation(16points,10minutes)Thetotalmarksforthisexaminationare100points.Timeallowedforcompletingthisexaminationis90minutes.SectionOne:WordsQuestions1-10.(20points)MatchtheEnglishwordsontheleftwiththeChinesewordsontheright.(2pointseach)1.Futuresa.新奇2.Rewardb.周年纪念日3.Reape.期货4.Marined.有主权的5.Schemee.回报6.Noveltyf.令人沮丧的7.Gloomyg.证据8.Sovereignh.航海的9.Anniversaryi.计划10.Testimonyj收获SectionTwo:ReadingComprehension(64points)Part1Questions11-17.(21points)Readtheollowingpassageandthenmatchthestatements(11-17)totheltter(A,B,CorD).(3pointseach)ATradenegotiationsTheWTOagreementscovergoods,servicesandintellectualproperty.Theyspellouttheprinciplesofliberalization,andthepermittedexceptions.Theyincludeindividualcountries'commitmentstolowercustomstariffsandothertradebarriers,andtoopenandkeepopenservicesmarkets.Theysetproceduresforsettlingdisputes.Theseagreementsarenotstatic;theyarerenegotiatedfromtimetotimeandnewagreementscanbeaddedtothepackage.ManyarenowbeingnegotiatedundertheDohaDevelopmentAgenda,launchedbyWTOtradeministersinDoha,Qatar,inNovember2001.BImplementationandmonitoringWTOagreementsrequiregovernmentstomaketheirtradepoliciestransparentbynotifyingtheWTOaboutlawsinforceandmeasuresadopted.VariousWTOcouncilsandcommitteesseektoensurethattheserequirementsarebeingfollowedandthatWTOagreementsarebeingproperlyimplemented.AllWTOmembersmustundergoperiodicscrutinyoftheirtradepoliciesandpractices,eachreviewcontainingreportsbythecountryconcernedandtheWTOSecretariat.CDisputesettlementTheWTO'sprocedureforresolvingtradequarrelsundertheDisputeSettlementUnderstandingisvitalforenforcingtherulesandthereforeforensuringthattradeflowssmoothly.CountriesbringdisputestotheWTOiftheythinktheirrightsundertheagreementsarebeinginfringed.Judgmentsbyspeciallyappointedindependentexpertsarebasedoninterpretationsoftheagreementsandindividualcountries'commitments.BuildingtradecapacityDBuildingtradecapacityWTOagreementscontainspecialprovisionfordevelopingcountries,includinglongertimeperiodstoimplementagreementsandcommitments,measurestoincreasetheirtradingopportunities,andsupporttohelpthembuildtheirtradecapacity,tohandledisputesandtoimplementtechnicalstandards.TheWTOorganizeshundredsoftechnicalcooperationmissionstodevelopingcountriesannually.ItalsoholdsnumerouscourseseachyearinGenevaforgovernmentofficials.AidforTradeaimstohelpdevelopingcountriesdeveloptheskillsandinfrastructureneededtoexpandtheirtrade.11.WTOhelpstodeveloptheskillsandinfrastructuretoexpandthetradeofdevelopingcountries.12.ManyWTOagreementsarebeingnegotiatedundertheDohaDevelopmentAgenda.13.WTOmembersareresponsibleforreviewingtheirtradepractices.14.CountrieswhoserightsundertheagreementsarebeinginfringedcauldbringdisputestotheWTO.15.WTOmembersarerequiredtomaketheirtradepolicjestransparent.16.WTOagreementsarerenegotiatedfromtimetotime.17.WTOagreementshavefavoredprovisionfordevelopingcountries.Part2Questions18-23.(18points)Readthefollowingpassageandchoosethebestsentence(A-F)tofilleachofthegaps.(3pointseach)(18)_______Ifso,thenyou'llbejoiningthemillionsofentrepreneurswhohavecarvedoutanicheintheworldofecommerce.Atitscore,ecommercereferstothepurchaseandsaleofgoodsand/orservicesviaelectronicchannelssuchastheinternet.(19)_______Themediumgrewwiththeincreasedavailabilityofinternetaccessandtheadventofpopularonlinesellersinthe1990sandearly2000s.Likeanydigitaltechnologyorconsumer-basedpurchasingmarket,ecommercehasevolvedovertheyears.(20)_______WiththeriseofsuchsitesasFacebookandPinterest,socialmediahasbecomeanimportantdriverofecommerce.Thechangingmarketrepresentsavastopportunityforbusinessestoimprovetheirrelevanceandexpandtheirmarketintheonlineworld.(21)_______ThesefigureswillcontinuetoelimbasmobileandinternetuseexpandbothintheU.S.andindevelopingmarketsaroundtheworld.Aswithtraditionalcommerce,therearethreeprincipalcategoriesofe-commerce;B2B,B2C,C2B.B2B(businesstobusiness)-(22)_______.Oneexampleismanufacturerssellingtodistributorsandwholesalerssellingtoretailers..B2C(businesstoconsumer)-B2Cconsistsofbusinessessllingtothepublicthroughshoppingcartsoftware,withoutneedinganyhumaninteraction.Thisiswhatmostpeoplethinkofwhentheyhear“ecommerce.”C2B(consumertobusiness)-InC2Be-commerce,consumerspostaprojectwithasetbudgetonline,andcompaniesbidontheproject.(23)_______AThisinvolvescompaniesdoingbusinesswitheachother.BResearcherspredictecommercewillbe17percentofU.S.retailsalesby2022.TheU.s.spentabout$460blliononlinein2017.CTheconsumerreviewsthebidsandselectsthecompany.DE-commercewasfirstintroducedinthe1960sviaanelectronicdatainterchange(EDDon.value-addednetworks(VANs)EAreyouthinkingaboutstartingabusinesswhereyousellyourproductsonline?FAsmobiledevicesbecamemorepopular,mobilecommercehasbecomeitsownmarket.Part3Questions24-28.(15points)Readthefllwingpassageandchoosethebeststatement(A,B,corD)forceachquestion.(3pointseach)RegionalEconomiesTobecomecompetitiveglobally,economiesaregroupingregionally.Theworldnowseemstohavethreemajoreconomies-NorthAmerica,Europe,andAsia/Pacifi.Eventually,theNorthAmericaneconomywillextendintoCentralandSouthAmericatobecometheAmericaneconomy,whichalreadyinfluenceshowweworkandlive.Forexample,withtheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement(NAFTA)signedin1992,Mexico,theUnitedStates,andCanadaoperateasfreetradeeconomies.Manyofthetaxesnormallypaidastradecrossesbordersarenolongerrequired,makingproductsmorecompetitiveandlessexpensive.Thiseconomicrelationshipexpandsthemarketforanorganization'sproductsandservicesanditspotentialprofits.Evenifyourorganizationisnonprofitanddoesnottradeproductswiththesecountries,youareneverthelessaffected.Yourdonorswillhavehealthierprofisandcanglvesubstantiallymoretoyourcause.Ontheoppositesideofthecoin,therelationshipresultingfromNAFTAoffersjobstopeopleinCanadaandMexicothatoncewereexclusivetotheUnitedStates.Therefore,somejobsmaygonorthorsouth-mostlysouth--ofourborderandeliminatesomeopportunitiesforworkintheUnitedStates.Theadvantagesofthisfreetradeagreementseemtooutweighthedisadvantages.IdeasusedinNAFTAcouldeventuallyexpandthroughSouthAmericatomaketheAmericaneconomicregionanevenstrongercompetitor.Aswemoveclosertototalglobalization,anexperimentworthwatchingistheEuropeanUnion(EU)andtheeuromonetaryunit,whichcouldbetheprecursortoapotentialglobalmonetaryunitinthesecondhalfofthe21stcentury.TheeconomicstrengthoftheEUhasthepotentialtogrowandbeaviableglobaleconomiccompetitor.Becausetechnologyisshrinkingtheworldtoavirtualcapacity,aglobalmediumofexchangewill