职称英语综合类A级模拟87

［模拟］职称英语综合类A级模拟87

词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有

括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号

里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第1题：

Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping<u>onceinawhile</u>togive

herlongandflowinghairasmooth.

A.occasionally

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.promptly

参考答案：A

第2题：

Isupportyourdecision,butIshouldalsomakeitclearthatIamnot

goingtobe<u>restricted</u>toit.

A.connected

B.fastened

C.bound

D.stuck

参考答案：C

第3题：

Theboardofthecompanyhasdecidedto<u>widen</u>itsoperationto

includeallaspectsoftheclothingbusiness.

A.extend

B.enlarge

C.expand

D.amplify

参考答案：C

第4题:

i

Afterourcomputernetwork<u>Stopshort</u>forthethirdtimethatday,

weallwenthome.

A.crashed

B.collided

C.smashed

D.fell

参考答案：A

第5题:

<u>Recently</u>scientistshaveobservedincreasedpollutioninthewater

supply.

A.Late

B.Later

C.Latter

D.Lately

参考答案：D

第6题:

Gamblingis<u>lawful</u>inNevada.

A.popular

B.booming

C.legal

D.profitable

参考答案：C

第7题:

Thankyouforapplyingforapositionwithourfirm.Wedonothaveany

openingsatthistime,butweshallkeepyourapplicationon

<u>archive</u>fortwomonths.

A.pile

B.segment

C.sequence

D.file

参考答案：D

2

第8题：

The<u>representation</u>ofaculturalphenomenonisusuallyalogical

consequenceofsomephysicalaspectinthelifestyleofthepeople.

A.implementation

B.manifestation

C.demonstration

D.expedition

参考答案：B

第9题：

Thegoodharvest<u>lowered</u>thepriceofstrawberries.

A.broughtdown

B.cutout

C.arosefrom

D.addedto

参考答案：A

第10题：

Wecansurely<u>overcome</u>alldifficultiesthatmaycomeup.

A.geton

B.comeover

C.getover

D.comeacross

参考答案：C

第11题：

IhopethatIdidn'tdoanything<u>absurd</u>lastnight.

A.awkward

B.strange

C.awful

D.stupid

3

参考答案：D

第12题:

<u>Enormous</u>sumsofmoneyhavebeenspentonspaceexploration.

A.Much

B.Large

C.Small

D.Fixed

参考答案：B

第13题:

Travellingandmeetingnewpeople<u>widen</u>themindofyoungpeople.

A.expanded

B.enlarged

C.broadened

D.extended

参考答案：C

第14题：

Ifanymanheredoesnotagreewithme,heshould<u>advance</u>hisown

planforimprovingthelivingconditionsofthesepeople.

A.puton

B.putout

C.putin

D.putforward

参考答案：D

第15题：

Withoutthefrictionbetweentheirfeetandtheground,peoplewould

<u>never</u>beabletowalk.

A.innotime

B.byallmeans

C.innoway

4

D.onanyaccount

参考答案：c

阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据

短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选

A：如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选B；如果该句的信息文章中没

有提及，请选C。

WhenWeAreAsleep

Everyonedreams,butsomepeopleneverrecalltheirdreams,or

dosoveryrarely.Otherpeoplealwayswakeupwithvividrecollections

（i己'忆）oftheirdreams,thoughtheyforgetthemveryquickly.Inan

averagenightofeighthours'sleep,anaverageadultwilldreamforaround

onehundredminutes,probablyhavingthreetofivedreams,eachlasting

fromtentothirtyminutes.

Scientistscandetectwhensomeoneishavingadreambyusing

aninstrumentwhichmeasurestheelectricalwavesinthebrain.During

dreaming,thesewavesmovemorequickly.Breathingandpulseratealso

increase,andtherearerapideyemovementsunderthelids,justasthough

thedreamerwerereallylookingatmovingobjects.Thesesignsofdreaming

havebeendetectedinallmammals（哺乳动物）studied,includingdogs,

monkeys,cats,andelephants,andalsosomebirdsandreptiles（爬行动

物）.Thisperiodofsleepiscalledthe〃D〃stateforaround50%oftheir

sleep;theperiodreducestoaround25%bytheageof10.

Dreamstaketheformofstories,buttheymaybestrangeand

withincidentsnotconnected,whichmakelittlesense.Dreamsareseldom

withoutpeopleinthemandtheyareusuallyaboutpeopleweknow.One

estimatesaysthattwo-thirdsofthe"cast"ofourdreamdramasarefriends

andrelations.Visionseemsanessentialpartofdreams,exceptforpeople

blindfrombirth.Soundandtouchsensesarealsooftenaroused,butsmell

andtastearenotfrequentlyinvolved.In"normal"dreams,thedreamer

maybetakingpart,orbeonlyanobserver.Butheorshecannotcontrol

whathappensinthedream.

However,thedreamerdoeshavecontroloveronetypeofdream.

Thistypeofdreamiscalleda"lucid〃。青酉星的）dream.Noteveryoneisa

luciddreamer.Somepeopleareoccasionalluciddreamers.Otherscandream

lucidlymoreorlessallthetime.Inaluciddream,thedreamerknows

thatheisdreaming.

第16题：

Somepeopledreambutcannotremembertheirdreams.

A.Right

5

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：A

第17题：

Inanaveragenight,malesdreamlongerthanfemales.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：C

第18题：

Whenwedream,thereislessmovementofelectricalwavesinourbrains.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：B

第19题：

Babiesdreamlessthanolderchildren.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：B

第20题:

Mostdreamsinvolvethepeopleweplayedwithwhenwewereyoung.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：C

6

第21题：

Werarelysmellthingsindreams.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：A

第22题：

InaluciddreamwecanuseMorsecodetocommunicatewithothers.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：c

概括大意与完成句子阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任

务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段每段选择

1个正确的小标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4

个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

TheDrinkYourBodyNeedsMost

1.Ourbodiesareestimatedtobeabout60%to70%water.Blood

ismostlywaterandourmuscles,lungs,andbrainallcontainalotof

water.Waterisneededtoregulatebodytemperatureandtoprovidethe

meansfornutrients（滋养物）totraveltoallourorgans.Wateralso

transportsoxygentoourcells,removeswaste,andprotectsourjoints

andorgans.

2.Welosewaterthroughurination（排尿）,respiration（呼

吸）,andbysweating.Ifyouareveryactive,youlosemorewaterthanif

youdonottakemuchexercise,Symptomsofmilddehydration（脱水）

includechronicpainsinjointsandmuscles,lowerbackpain,headaches,

andconstipation（便秘）.Astrongsmelltoyoururine,alongwitha

yellowcolorindicatesthatyouarenotgettingenoughwater.Thirstis

allobvioussignofdehydrationandinfact,youneedwaterlongbefore

youfeelthirsty.

3.Agoodruleofthumb（好的做法）istotakeyourbodyweight

7

inpoundsanddividethatnumberinhalf.Thatgivesyouthenumberof

ounces（盎司）ofwaterperdaythatyouneed.Forexample,ifyouweigh

160pounds,youshoulddrinkatleast80ouncesofwaterperday,Ifyou

exerciseyoushoulddrinkanother8ouncesglassofwaterforevery20

minutesyouareactive.Ifyoudrinkcoffeeoralcohol,youshouldadd

atleastanequalamountofwater.Whenyouaretravelingonanairplane,

itisgoodtohave8ouncesofwaterforeveryhouryouareonboardthe

plane.

4.Itmaybedifficulttodrinkenoughwateronabusyday.Be

sureyouhavewaterhandyatalltimesbykeepingabottleforwaterwith

youwhenyouareworking,traveling,orexercising.Ifyougetboredwith

plainwater,addabitoflemonforatouchofflavor.Therearesomebrands

offlavoredwateravailable,butsomeofthemhavesugarorartificial

sweetenersthatyoudon'tneed.

23-26的选项

A.OuncesofWaterNeededPerDay

B.ImportanceofWater

C.CompositionofWater

D.SignsofDehydration

E.SupplyofWater

F.NecessityforBringingaBottleforWATERWITHYOU

27-30的选项

A.inyourbody

B.withoutwater

C.beforelong

D.forachange

E.onabusyday

F.toyourweight

第23题：

Paragraph1.

参考答案：

B

详细解答：

第24题：

Paragraph2.

参考答案：

D

8

详细解答：

第25题：

Paragraph3.

参考答案：

A

详细解答：

第26题:

Paragraph4.

参考答案：

F

详细解答：

第27题：

Onecannotlive.

参考答案：

B

详细解答：

第28题:

Dehydrationmayoccurifthereisashortageofwater

参考答案：

A

详细解答：

第29题:

Theamountofwateryourbodyneedsperdayiscloselyrelated

参考答案：

F

详细解答:

第30题:

Don'tforgettodrinkenoughwatereven.

参考答案：

E

详细解答：

阅读理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面

有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1

个最佳答案。

HowdoesOrganismsWardoffInvaders

Thelivelihoodofeachspeciesinthevastandintricate

assemblageoflivingthingsdependsontheexistenceofother

organisms.Thisinterdependenceissometimessubtle,sometimes

obvious.Perhapsthemoststraightforwarddependenceofonespecieson

anotheroccurswithparasites,organismsthatliveonorinotherliving

thingsandderivenutrientsdirectlyfromthem.Theparasiticwayoflife

iswidespread.Amultitudeofmicroorganisms(includingvirusesand

bacteria,andanarmyofinvertebratesorcreatureslackingaspinal

column(includingcrustaceans,insects,andmanydifferenttypesof

worms)maketheirlivingsdirectlyattheexpenseofothercreatures.In

thefaceofthisonslaught,livingthingshaveevolvedavarietyofdefense

mechanismsforprotectingtheirbodiesfrominvasionbyotherorganisms.

Certainfungiandevensomekindsofbacteriacreatesubstances

knownasantibioticsintotheirexternalenvironment.Thesesubstances

arecapableofkillingorinhibitingthegrowthofvariouskindsof

bacteriathatalsooccupythearea,therebyeliminatingorreducingthe

competitionfornutrients.Thesameprincipleisusedindefenseagainst

invadersinothergroupsoforganisms.Forexample,whenattackedby

disease-causingfungiorbacteria,manykindsofplantsproducechemicals

thathelptowardofftheinvaders.

Membersoftheanimalkingdomhavedevelopedavarietyof

defensemechanismsfordealingwithparasites.Althoughthesemechanisms

varyconsiderably,allmajorgroupsofanimalsarecapableofdetecting

andreactingtothepresenceof“foreign“cells.Infact,throughoutthe

animalkingdomfromspongestocertaintypesofwornIsshellfish,andall

vertebrates(creaturespossessingspinalcolumn)thereisevidencethat

transplantsofcellsorfragmentsoftissuesintoananimalareaccepted

io

onlyiftheycomefromgeneticallycompatibleorcloselyrelated

individuals.

Theabilitytodistinguishbetween“self”and“non-self”，

whilepresentinallanimals,ismostefficientamongvertebrates,which

havedevelopedanimmunesystemastheirdefensemechanism.Theimmune

systemrecognizesandtakesactionagainstforeigninvadersand

transplantedtissuesthataretreatedasforeigncells.

第31题：

Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Howparasitesreproduce.

B.Howorganismsreacttoinvaders.

C.Howantibioticsworktocuredisease.

D.Howtheimmunesystemofvertebratesdeveloped.

参考答案：B

第32题：

Theword"intricate"inline1isclosestinmeaningto

A.difficult

B.widespread

C.critical

D.complex

参考答案：D

第33题:

Accordingtothepassage,someorganismsproduceantibioticsinorder

to.

A.preventdiseaseinhumans

B.aiddigestion

C.fightoffotherorganism

D.createnewtypesofnutrients

参考答案：C

第34题:

Accordingtothepassage,atransplantoftissuebetweengenetically

incompatibleorganismswillresultinthetransplantedtissue.

11

A.becomingaparasite

B.beingtreatedasaninvader

C.alteringitsgeneticmakeup

D.developinganewimmunesystem

参考答案：B

第35题：

Accordingtothepassage,theabilitytodistinguishbetween〃self〃and

“non-self“enablesvertebratesto.

A.accepttransplantedcells

B.detectandreacttoinvasion

C.weakentheirimmunesystem

D.getridofantibiotics

参考答案：B

ArtificialIntelligence

Foryearstherehavebeenendlessarticlesstatingthat

scientistsareonthevergeofachievingartificialintelligenceandthat

itisjustaroundthecorner.Thetruthisthatitmaybejustaroundthe

corner,buttheyhaven'tyetfoundthefightblock.

Artificialintelligenceaimstobuildmachinesthatcanthink.

Oneimmediateproblemistodefinethought,whichisharderthanyoumight

think.Thespecialistsinthefieldofartificialintelligencecomplain,

withsomejustification,thatanythingthattheirmachinesdoisdismissed

asnotbeingthought.Forexample,computernowplaysvery,verygood

chess.

Theycan'tbeatthegreatestplayersintheworld,buttheycan

beatjustaboutanybodyelse.Ifahumanbeingplayedchessatthislevel,

heorshewouldcertainlybeconsideredsmart.Whynotamachine?Theanswer

isthatthemachinedoesn'tdoanythingcleverinplayingchess.Ituses

itsblindingspeedtodoabruteforcesearchofallpossiblemovesfor

severalmovesahead,evaluatestheoutcomesandpicksthebest.Humandon

'tplaychessthatway.Theyseepatterns,whilecomputersdon't.

Thiswoodenapproachtothoughtcharacterizesmachine

intelligence.Computershavenojudgment,nocommonsense.So-called

expertsystems,oneofthehottestareasinartificialintelligenceaims

tomimicthereasoningprocessesofhumanexpertsinalimitedfield,such

asmedicaldiagnosisorweatherforecasting.Theremaybelimited

12

commercialapplicationsforthissortofthing,butthereisnowayto

makeamachinethatcanthinkaboutanythingunderthesun,whicha

teenagercando.

Thehallmarkofartificialintelligencetodateisthatifa

problemisseverelyrestricted,amachinecanachievelimitedsuccess.But

whentheproblemisexpandedtoarealisticonecomputersfallfiaton

theirdisplayscreens.Forexample,machinescanunderstandafewwords

spokenindividuallybyaspeakerthattheyhavebeentrainedtohear.They

cannotunderstandcontinuousspeechusinganunlimitedvocabularyspoken

byjustanyspeaker.

第36题：

Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatthewriter.

A.thinksthatartificialintelligenceisjustaroundthecorner

B.doubtswhetherscientistscaneverfindartificialintelligence

C.doesnotbelievethatscientistshavediscoveredrealartificial

intelligence

D.feelscertainthatscientistshaveobtainedrealartificial

intelligence

参考答案：C

第37题：

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theauthorassumesthatthespecialists'complaintsdonothold

water.

B.Anythingthatcomputersdoshouldbeseenasthought.

C.Itisveryhardtodefinethoughtinthefirstplace.

D.Computerscanplaychessjustlikehumans.

参考答案：C

第38题：

Theadvantageforcomputersinchessliesin.

A.itsintelligenceinthinkingoutnovelmoves

B.itsabilitytomakebestuseofallpossiblemovesrapidly

C.itsflexibilitychoosingmoves

D.itscapacityinpatternsrecognition

参考答案：B

13

第39题：

Whatisparticularformachineintelligence?

A.Itsflawlessjudgment.

B.Itsgoodflexibility.

C.Itsabilitytothinkbroadly.

D.Itsrigidapproachtothought.

参考答案：D

第40题：

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Computerscanbeatanypersoninplayingchess.

B.Computerscanneverbeemployedinweatherforecast.

C.Computerscanbetrainedtounderstandsomehumanwords.

D.Computerscanbemadetothinkasateenagerdoes.

参考答案：C

TheNewTechnologyApplication

Onamoremundanelevel,third-generationmobiletelephones,

despiteallthedelaysandthebillionssquanderedon3Glicensesby

telecomfirms,arestillexpectedtoofferconsumershigh-speed,always

onmobileinternetaccess,completewithvideo,inthenextfew

years.Rapidlyproliferating〃WiFi〃networksalreadyofferwireless

accessonalocalbasis.Tinytrackingchipscalledradio-frequency

identificationdevicesarebeingusedaspetpassports.Soontheywillbe

small,powerfulandcheapenoughtobeimplantedintoeverythingform

humanstomiIkcartonsrecordingandtransmittingreal-timemedicaldata,

orservingasaformofinventorycontrol.Sensorsofeverykind,including

videocameras,shouldalsobecomemuchsmallerandcheaper.Forrester

Research,atechnologyconsultancy,predictsthat14billionsuchdevices

willbeconnectedtotheinternetby2005.

Howrapidlysuchnewtechnologyisintroducedwilldependon

anumberoffactorsthestateoftheeconomy,thesupplyofinvestment

capitalandtheappetiteofconsumersfornewproductsorservices!

Fortuneswillbemadeandlostmanytimesover.Butwhateverhappens,the

powerofcomputingandcommunicationslooksettocontinuetogrow,and

itspricetofall,atasteadyrateforthenextfewdecades.Thatwill

14

makeitpossible,atleastinrichcountries,torecordmosthuman

interactions,whereverandwhenevertheytakeplace,andtostoreand

analyzethisoceanofdataatlowcost.

Forthesakeofargument,thissurveywillassumethatweare

headingtowardsanetworkedsocietyofubiquitous,mobileCommunication

capableofconstantmonitoring.Whetherthisarrivesin20,30or40years

doesnotreallymatter.Thepointisthatthedestinationseemsnotmerely

possible,butprobable,soitisnottoosoontoask:Whatdowewantthis

technologytodo?

Theinternethasalreadythrownupahostoflegalandpolitical

conundrums,but,theseareonlyasmallforetasteofthedilemmasabout

privacy,security,intellectualpropertyandthenatureofgovernment

itselfthatwillhavetobefacedoverthecomingdecades.Thedebatehas

alreadybegun.Thissurveywilloutlinesomeofmainissues,andspeculate

onthewaytheyarelikelytogo.

第41题：

Radio-frequencyidentificationdevices.

A.arebeingusedtoofferwirelessaccess

B.areusuallyusedtoofferhigh-speed,mobileinternetaccess

C.arealreadycheapenoughtobeusedaspassports

D.aleexpectedtobeusedasameanstocontrolinventory

参考答案：D

第42题：

Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout.

A.theprospectofthird-generationmobiletelephones

B.theelectronicdeviceswhichcanbeconnectedtotheinternet

C.thebrightfutureofnewtechnologyapplication

D.thepredictiongivenbyForresterResearch,atechnologyconsultancy

参考答案：C

第43题:

Theauthorismostconcernedwiththepossibilitythatafterafew

decades.

A.thesupplyofinvestmentcapitalislikelytodecreaseconsiderably

B.consumersappetitefornewproductsorserviceswilllessen

tremendously

C.fortuneswillbemadeandlostmanytimesover

15

D.mosthumaninteractionscanbeeasilymonitored

参考答案：D

第44题:

Accordingtothispassage,maynotbewhatpeoplearetryingtopull

off.

A.anetworkedsocietycapableofconstantmonitoring

B.thewidespreadapplicationofinternetandrelatedtechnologies

C.theinventionofmoredeviceswhichcanbeconnectedtotheinternet

D.mobilecommunicationscapableofinternetaccess

参考答案：A

第45题:

Thedilemmascreatedbytheuseofinternetmaybeaboutallofthe

followingaspects,except.

A.copyrights

B.inventorycontrol

C.constantmonitoring

D.intellectualproperty

参考答案：B

补全短文阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6

组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有

位置，以恢复文章原貌。

HowDidSheConquertheAmericans?

African-AmericantalkshowqueenOprahWinfreyistheworld'

smostpowerfulcelebrity,accordingtoForbesmagazine._46_Winfrey,

51,draws30millionviewersweeklyintheUnitedStates.Hertalkshow

reaches112countries.SheearnedUS$225millionoverthepast12months

toranksecondincelebrityriches.TheannualForbeslistgivesmost

weighttoannualearnings._47_

“After21years,herexcitingchatshowstillrulestheairwaves.

Itcreatednewcelebritiesandhundredsofmillionsofdollarsinprofits,

〃themagazinesaid.Winfreyismostpopularwithherpopulartalkshow

16

“TheOprahWinfreyShow”.Shecanalwaysattractthesuperstarsandlet

themopenuptoherintimateinterviewingstyle,Lastmonth,Americanactor

TomCruise,42,surprisedfanswhenhecelebratedhisnewromancewith

26-year-oldactressKatieHolmes.Hejumpedupanddown,shoutingT

minlove.〃Onlyafewyearsago,Cruiseandhisex-wifeNicoleKidman

appearedseparatelyonthesameshowtellingthenewsoftheir

divorce_48_Winfrey'sapproachappearstobesimple.Sheisinpursuit

ofself-improvementandseif-empowerment（自强）.Thishasprovedtobe

justwhatpeople,especiallywomen,want.

Winfreyoftentalksaboutherpersonalsecretsonhershow.That

pullsinviewers.Forexample,sherevealedthatshehadbeensexually

abusedasachild,andhasspokenfreelyofherstrugglewithher

weight.WinfreywasborntoapoorfamilyinMississippiin1954_49_At

theageof19,shebecametheyoungestpersonandthefirst

African-Americanwomantoanchor（主持）anewsprogram.

Hersuccesshasnotjustbeenonthescreen.Hermediagroup

includesawomen'sTVnetworkandwebsitesforwomen.Winfrey'sworkhas

extendedtosocialchange._50_ShetestifiedbeforetheUSSenateto

establishanationaldatabaseofdangerouschildabusers.PresidentBill

Clintonlatersigned"OprahBill^intolaw.

[A].Butitalsolooksatthecelebrity'spresenceonthe

Internetandinthemedia.

[B].In1991,shedidalotofworkfortheNationalChild

ProtectionAct.

[C].Shewasnotaverysuccessfulwoman.

[D].Shebeganbroadcastingwhilestillathighschool.

[E].ItplacedWinfreyatthetopofitsannualrankingofthe

100peoplelastweek.

[F].Thecouplehadbeentight-lippedabouttheirbreak-up.

第46题：

参考答案:

E

详细解答:

第47题：

参考答案:

A

详细解答:

17

第48题:

参考答案:

F

详细解答:

第49题：

参考答案:

D

详细解答:

第50题：

参考答案:

B

详细解答:

完形填空阅读厂面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出

了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

FitnessMovement

Thefitnessmovementthatbeganinthelate1960sandearly1970s

centeredaroundaerobicexercise.Millionsofindividualsbecameengaged

inavarietyofaerobicactivities,and_51_thousandsofhealthspas

developedaroundthecountrytocapitalizeonhis_52_interestin

fitness,particularlyaerobicd