04必修三Unit1Unit2重点词汇及短语拓展（原卷版）

04必修三Unit1Unit2重点词汇及短语拓展I.Unit1Unit2重点词汇及拓展1.__________n.起源；起因；出身→__________adj.原始的；最初的→__________adv.原来；起初2.__________n.宗教；宗教信仰→__________adj.宗教的；笃信宗教的→__________adv.虔诚地；审慎地3.__________n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会→__________adj.偶尔的；偶然的；临时的→__________adv.偶然；偶尔；有时候4.__________n.感激之情；感谢→__________adj.感激的；表示感谢的→__________adv.感激地、感谢地5.__________adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的→__________n.类型；典型→__________adv.典型地；有代表性地6.__________adj.农业(劳动/生产)→__________n.农业；农艺7.__________adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的__________adv.商业（化）地→__________vt.使商业化；利用……牟利→__________n.商业化8.__________vt.显示；反映；反射→__________n.反射；反映9.__________v.使满意→__________adj.高兴的；满意的→__________adj.令人愉快的；宜人的→__________n.愉快；快乐；满意；欣慰；乐事10.__________adj.坦率的；直率的→__________adv.坦率地→__________n.坦率、坦白11.__________vt.象征；代表；相当于→__________n.代表；典型人物adj.典型的；有代表性的12.__________vi.&vt.摔跤；奋力对付→__________n.摔跤运动→__________n.摔跤运动员13.__________adv.绝对地；完全地→__________adj.绝对的；完全的14.__________adj.简洁的；简单的；短暂的→__________adv.简略地；简要地；稍微→__________n.简洁；简单15.__________n.&vt.尊敬；尊重→__________adj.表示敬意的；尊敬的→__________adj.值得尊敬的；体面的16.__________vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→__________n.图表，插图；图解；图示17.__________n.结婚；婚姻→__________v.结婚；娶；嫁→__________adj.已婚的18.__________n.大部分；大多数→__________adj.主要的；多数的vi.主修→__________n.少数民族；少数派；少数人19.__________vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚→__________n.抱怨；牢骚；投诉20.__________vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→__________n.反应；回答；回复21.__________n.医师；(尤指)内科医生→__________n.物理学家→__________adj.身体的；物理的→__________adv.身体上地→__________n.物理学22.__________vt.拒绝接受；不录用→__________n.拒绝接受；否决23.__________vt.任命；委派→__________n.任命；约定→__________adj.被指派的；被委派的24.__________n.诊所；门诊部→__________adj.临床的；临床诊断的25.__________vt.选举；推选→__________n.选举；推选；当选→__________n.选举人26.__________vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于→__________n.趋势；倾向27.__________vt.发表(作品)；出版→__________n.出版人(或机构)28.__________vi.&vt.退休；退职；退出→__________n.退休→__________adj.退休的29.__________vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→__________adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→__________adj.恐怖的；吓人的30.__________adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→__________v.使变锋利31.__________adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→__________n.精力；力量；能源→__________adv.精力充沛地；充满活力地32.__________vt.接替；取代；更换→__________n.替换；更换；替代品33.__________vi.运转；运作vt.操作→__________n.操作员；接线员→__________n.手术；企业；经营34.__________vt.帮助；援助→__________n.助手；助理→__________n.帮助；援助35.__________adj.紧张的；拉紧的→__________n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑36.__________n.&vt.伤害；损害→__________adj.有害的→__________adj.无害的37.__________adj.灵活的；可变通的→__________adv.灵活地；可变通地→__________n.柔韧性；灵活性II.Unit1Unit2重点短语和句型一、重点短语1.awiderangeof____________________ 2.begratefulforsth.____________________3.decorate...with...____________________ 4.dress(sb.)up____________________5.afterall____________________ 6.rangefrom...to...____________________7.fadeaway____________________ 8.inspiteof____________________9.takeadvantageof____________________ 10.playasignificantrolein____________________11.havesth.inmon____________________12.takeplace____________________ 13.inorderto____________________14.tobefrank____________________ 15.gooff____________________16.exceptfor____________________ 17.berepresentedby____________________18.fromnearandfar____________________ 19.theopeningceremony____________________20.asif____________________ 21.setoff____________________22.beworthit____________________ 23.can’twaittodo...____________________24.themedia____________________ 25.dozensof____________________26.showrespectto____________________ 27.turnofftheheat____________________28.havegreatinfluenceon____________________ 29.carrysb.throughsth.____________________30.tendtodosth.____________________ 31.getintrouble____________________32.notonly...butalso...____________________ 33.beaffectedby____________________34.insteadof____________________ 35.wouldratherdosth.____________________36.graduatefrom____________________ 37.becauseof____________________38.inneedof____________________ 39.carefor____________________40.beresponsiblefor____________________ 41.treat...as...____________________42.ofone’sown____________________ 43.not...anymore____________________44.passaway____________________ 45.inmemoryof____________________46.onceuponatime____________________ 47.crashintothestone____________________48.pickoneselfup____________________ 49.ealong____________________50.tripover____________________ 51.intears____________________52.plainabout____________________ 53.indespair____________________54.agreatdeal(of)____________________ 55.belongto____________________二、重点句型1.句型公式：“nomatter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句教材原句：However,nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem,allovertheworld,thespiritofsharingjoy,gratitude,love,orpeaceismoninallfestivals.翻译：________________________________________________________________________________e.g.①Whenever/Nomatterwhenyouneedhelp,Ihopeyoucangetintouchwithme.无论你何时需要帮助，我希望你可以联系我。②RememberyouareaChinesewherever/nomatterwhereyougo.不论你到哪里，记住你是一个中国人。③Whateverandwhicheveryoulike,thereisathemeparkforyou!不管你喜欢什么，无论你喜欢哪一种，都有一个适合你的主题公园！2.句型公式：which引导非限制性定语从句教材原句：AnotherexampleisHalloween,whichslowlybecameanexcitingfestivalforchildren,inspiteofitsreligiousorigins.翻译：________________________________________________________________________________e.g.①ChinesedumplingisatraditionalChinesefood,whichisessentialduringholidaysinnorthernChina.饺子是中国的传统食物，在北方的节日中不可或缺。②ChineseOperaisthetraditionalformofChinesetheatre,which

binesdialogue,music,vocalperformance,dance,andsoon.中国戏曲是中国戏剧的传统形式，它集对白、音乐、声乐、舞蹈等多种形式于一体。③LiondanceisaformoftraditionaldanceinChina,which

canbeoftenseeninimportantfestivalsandgreatevents.狮舞是中国传统舞蹈的一种形式，经常出现在重大节日和大型活动中。3.句型公式：with复合结构作状语教材原句：Festivalsarebeingmoreandmoremercial,withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations.翻译：________________________________________________________________________________e.g.①Withtheboyleadingtheway,wesoongottothedestination.有那个男孩带路，我们很快就到达了目的地。②Withexamsapproaching,it’sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。③Withtimegoingby,Igraduallyunderstandmyfather'swords.随着时间的流逝，我逐渐明白了父亲的话。4.句型公式：it作形式宾语教材原句：Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones.翻译：________________________________________________________________________________e.g.①IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.我认为学习英语很重要。②IfinditnouseplayingputergamesontheInternet.我认为玩网络游戏没有用处。③IfinditanecessitythatweshouldhaveagoodmandofEnglish.我认为我们有必要好好掌握英语。5.句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义教材原句：Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife,andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI’mcold,hungry,ortired?翻译：________________________________________________________________________________e.g.①—Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmlastnight?—Itcouldn’tbeworse.——你觉得昨晚的电影怎么样？——糟糕透了。②Ihaveneverreadamoreinterestingnovel.这是我读过的最有趣的一本小说。③Nobodyismorecarefulthanhim.没有人比他更细心。6.句型公式：wouldrather＋动词原形教材原句：Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife！”翻译：________________________________________________________________________________e.g.①Wewouldratherourdaughterstayedathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.我们宁愿女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是这是她的选择，她已不再是小孩了。②Ratherthangetmoneyinsuchadishonestway,hewouldbeginthestreets.他宁愿在街上乞讨，也不愿用这种不正当的手段挣钱。③I’dratheryouhadn’ttoldmethetruthyesterday.我宁愿你昨天没把事实告诉我。7.句型公式：the＋序数词＋n.＋todo教材原句：SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB­GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.翻译：________________________________________________________________________________e.g.①Maryisthesecondonetorun100meterswithin16seconds.Mary是第二个在16秒内完成100米的人。②Sheisalwaysthefirststudenttoetoschool.她总是第一个到校的学生。③Ginaisthefirstpersontoknowmyemailaddress.Gina是第一个知道我的邮件地址的人。III.知识点精讲：考点精析1.dress(sb.)up穿上盛装；装扮dressupincarnivalcostumes(教材P2)穿上嘉年华服装★情景探究①Ihadneverseenherwearingcolorfulclothes.Infact,shereallydidnotknowhowtodressupherself.我从未见过她穿颜色鲜艳的衣服。事实上，她真的不知道怎么打扮自己。②Iliketodressupasniceclownsandscaryones.我喜欢装扮成善解人意的小丑和胆小的小丑。③TodayIamdressedineasyandconvenientclothes.今天我穿着简单轻便的衣服。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①dresssb./oneselfin＋衣服/颜色给某人/自己穿……②bedressedin＋衣服/颜色某人穿着……(表示穿的状态)③dressupas...装扮成……；打扮成……【易混辨析】puton/wear/bein/have...on/dressputon“穿上，戴上”，强调穿的动作，后跟衣服wear“穿着，戴着，佩着”，强调状态。不但可指“穿衣”，还可以指“穿”鞋、袜或“戴”帽、手套，甚至眼镜、手表、首饰等bein强调状态，多跟表示颜色的词等have...on“穿着，戴着”，表示穿的状态，后跟衣服dress“穿”，其动作承受者一定是人。dresssb./oneself;be/getdressedin＋衣服Thechildcandresshimself.这孩子能自己穿衣服。Thekinghadnothingon.那个皇帝什么也没穿。Weoftenwearsunglassesinsummer.我们在夏天常戴太阳镜。Doyouknowtheboyinred?你认识那个穿红衣服的男孩吗？★学以致用【单句填空】①Hedressedup__________ahunterfortheparty.【一句多译】②她通常穿红色的衣服，这使她看起来更有活力。Sheisusually__________red,__________makesherlookmoreenergetic.→Sheisusually__________red,__________(make)herlookmoreenergetic.→Sheisusually__________redclothes,__________(make)herlookenergetic.2.congratulationn.祝贺；恭喜receivecongratulationsfrom...(教材P2)从……收到祝贺★情景探究①I’mwritingtocongratulateyouonwinningthechampionshipofthe26thEnglishSpeechContest.我写信祝贺你在第26届英语演讲比赛中获得冠军。②Weofferedhimourcongratulationsonhispassingtheentranceexam.我们祝贺他通过了入学考试。③Isendcongratulationstoyouonhavingchosenagoodwomantobeyourwife.我祝贺你娶了一个好女人做妻子。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①offer/send/expresscongratulationstosb.onsth.为某事向某人表示祝贺②congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.就(做)某事向某人道贺congratulateoneselfon(doing)sth.因(做)某事感到自豪；暗自庆幸；为自己高兴★学以致用【单句填空】①Youshouldcongratulateyourself__________havingdoneanexcellentjob!【一句多译】②祝贺你在汉语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。→Iwouldliketo______________________________yourreceivingthefirstprizeofChinesespeechcontest.→Iwouldliketo____________________yourreceivingthefirstprizeofChinesespeechcontest.3.rangen.一系列；范围、界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化Theyhaveawiderangeoforigins,suchastheseasonsoftheyear,religions,famousfigures,andimportantevents.(教材P4)节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。★情景探究①Thepriceofthehouseissohighthatitiswellbeyondourrange.这栋房子的价格太高了，远远超出了我们能承受的范围。②Astudyshowsthesafedrivingspeedrangesfrom60kmto80kmperhour.一项研究表明，安全驾驶的速度为60到80千米/小时。③Butfewseeeverythingthatiswithintherangeoftheirvision.但很少有人能看清视力范围内的每一件东西。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①awiderangeof广泛范围的；各种各样的within/inrange(of)在……范围之内beyond/outofrange(of)超出……范围②rangefrom...to...包括从……到……之间★学以致用【单句填空】①Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,__________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.【一句多译】②参观者大多是中学生，年龄从12岁到18岁不等。Thevisitorsaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,andtheirages__________12to18.→Thevisitorsaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,____________________12to18.(定语从句)→Thevisitorsaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,______________________________.(with的复合结构)4.originn.起源；起因；出身Theyhaveawiderangeoforigins,suchastheseasonsoftheyear,religions,famousfigures,andimportantevents.(教材P4)节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。★情景探究①OriginallytheoldmanlivedinShandongProvince.这位老人原本住在山东省。②ThisparticularcustomhasitsoriginsinWales.这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。③Whenaskedhowhecameupwiththeexcellentidea,hesaidoneofhischildhoodexperienceswastheoriginalinspiration.当他被问到是如何想到这个好主意的时候，他说最初的灵感是他童年的一次经历。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①haveone’sorigin(s)in起源于 inorigin本质上；从起源上看②originaladj.原来的；起初的③originallyadv.原来；起初★学以致用【单句填空】①Thefamilyhaditsorigin__________Canada.②Aftermuchdiscussiontheysettledontheplan__________(origin)proposed.【完成句子】③部分日本文字起源于中国文字。______________________________________________________________________5.figuren.人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定Theyhaveawiderangeoforigins,suchastheseasonsoftheyear,religions,famousfigures,andimportantevents.(教材P4)节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。★情景探究①Thestudentfiguredthathewouldfigureoutthedifficultmathproblem.这个学生认为他能解出这道数学难题。②IamsoconfusedthatIcan’tfigureouthowtodothis.我很困惑，因此弄不懂怎样做这件事。③Theyhavefiguredinthecostofourfoodforthetrip.他们已把我们旅游的食物费用计算进去了。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①haveagoodfigure拥有好身材②figureout弄懂；计算出 figurein把……列入计算 figure(that)...认为……★学以致用【单句填空】①Ittookthemaboutonemonthtofigure__________howtostarttheequipment.【写出下列句中figure的词性和含义】②Sheisdietingtokeepherfigurealthoughsheisslim.__________③Canyoureadthisfigure?Isitathreeoraneight？__________④Hewasoneofthegreatfiguresofhisage.__________⑤Ican’tfigureoutwhyshesaidso.__________6.gathervi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；搜集；收割Thisimportantagriculturalfestivaltakesplaceafterallthecropshavebeengatheredin.(教材P4)这一重大的农业节日在庄稼全部收割后来临。★情景探究①Wesentthreementogatherupfirewoodforthefire.我们派出3个人去搜集生火用的柴火。②Thepeoplegatheredround,curioustoknowwhatwashappening.人们聚集在一起，好奇地想知道在发生什么事。③Thefarmersarebusygatheringinthecropsinthefields.农民们正忙于在田间收割庄稼。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①gatherin收割；收获；聚集；收集 ②gatherround/around聚集；集合③gathertogether聚集；聚会；收集 ④gatherup采集；收拾⑤gatherspeed/force/one’scourage加快速度/加大力量/某人鼓起勇气★学以致用【单句填空】①Allthechildrengathered__________theoldmantolistentohisstories.②Peoplearegratefulbecausetheirfood__________(gather)forthewinterandtheagriculturalworkhasbeenover.【完成句子】③最后，他不得不鼓起勇气承认自己的错误。Intheend,hehadto______________________________.7.gratefuladj.感激的；表示感谢的Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyaregratefulfortheyear’ssupplyoffood.(教材P4)人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。★情景探究①I’msogratefultoyouforallthatyou’vedone.对于你所做的一切我都非常感激。②Hewasgratefultohavesomeonetotalkto.他很感激有人跟他说话。③Shewouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldgiveheranearlyreply.如果你能早点给她答复，她将非常感激。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①begratefultosb.forsth.因为某事感激某人SB.wouldbegratefulif...＝SB.wouldappreciateitif...如果……某人将不胜感激。begrateful＋that从句＝bethankful＋that从句感谢……②gratituden.感激之情；感谢③gratefully＝thankfullyadv.感激地★学以致用【单句填空】①I’dbeverygrateful__________youcouldletmeknowassoonaspossible.②Anyhelpordonationswillbe__________(grateful)received.【一句多译】③我很感激在我遇到麻烦时你给予的帮助。→______________________________whenI’mintrouble.→______________________________whenI’mintrouble.→______________________________whenI’mintrouble.8.featuren.特色；特征；特点vt.以……为特色Itfeaturedaparadeandagreatfeastwithmusic,dancing,andsports.(教材P4)它以游行和伴有音乐、舞蹈和运动的盛大宴会为特色。★情景探究①Thisisoneofthefeaturesofthecar,butI’mnotsureifit’sakeyfeatureornot.这是这辆汽车的一个特性，但我不确定它是否是一个关键特性。②Impatienceineverythingisafeatureofourage.凡事急躁是我们这代人的特征。③AstudyoflanguageshouldfeatureinanEnglishliteraturecourse.对语言的研究应该成为英语文学课程的特色。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①Afeature(s)BA以B为特色②featurein在……方面起重要作用/占重要地位③afeatureof...……的一个特色★学以致用【单句填空】①__________interestingfeatureofthecityistheoldmarket.②Wealllikethisrestaurant__________(feature)themostfamouschefsinFrance.【完成句子】③这家澳大利亚公司的标志是一只红袋鼠。ThelogooftheAustraliapany____________________.9.significantadj.有重大意义的；显著的Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals,butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.(教材P4)风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。★情景探究①Whathethinksaboutitisofnosignificance.他对此事的想法没有什么意义。②Itissignificantthatthechildrenshouldnottelllies.＝Significantly,thechildrenshouldnottelllies.孩子们不说谎很重要。③Myparentsalwaysattachgreatimportance/significancetomygettingagoodeducation.我的父母总是很重视我得到良好的教育。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①Itissignificantthat...……很重要。beverysignificant＝beofgreatsignificance有重大意义②significancen.重要性；意义attach(great/little)importance/significanceto(doing)sth.认为(做)某事(很/几乎不)重要③significantlyadv.重大地；明显地，显著地；意味深长地★学以致用【单句填空】①Themost__________(significance)thingyoushouldkeepinmindisthatmostofthequestionsareeasyifyoumakeuseofcorrectmethods.②Hisuniversitywasawareofthe__________(significant)ofhiswork.【一句多译】③这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大意义。→Thenewdrug____________________forthetreatmentofthedisease.→Thenewdrug____________________forthetreatmentofthedisease.10.takeadvantageof利用；欺骗；占……的便宜Festivalsarebeingmoreandmoremercial,withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations.(教材P5)节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。★情景探究①GraduateswithagoodmandofEnglishandputerskillstendtobeatanadvantagewhenapplyingforjobs.精通英语和计算机技能的毕业生在求职时往往有优势。②Sheisblessedwithastricttrainingatanearlyage,whichenableshertohaveanadvantageoverotherplayers.她有幸从小就接受严格训练，这使得她比其他选手有优势。③Withbothoftheseadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheuseofacarinmind,I,prefertohavemyowncarforwork.考虑了使用汽车的利弊，我还是更喜欢能开着自己的车来上班。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①advantagesanddisadvantages利弊 ②haveanadvantageover比……有优势③beatanadvantage处于优势 ④toone’sadvantage/disadvantage对某人有利/不利【联想助记】表示“利用”的短语①makegood/full/littleuseof好好/充分/不充分利用②makethebestof充分利用③makethemostof充分利用★学以致用【单句填空】①Weshouldtakeadvantage__________everychancetopractiseourspokenEnglish.②Themembersofourteamaremoreexperiencedandwehaveanadvantage__________theirteam.【句式升级】③Ihaveanadvantageovermyclassmatesinmaths,soIamconfidentofansweringquestionsinclass.→________________________________________,Iamconfidentofansweringquestionsinclass.(分词作状语)11.occasionn.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会；场合；时刻Theyareoccasionsthatallowustorelaxandenjoylife,andforgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.(教材P5)节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。★情景探究①Onthatoccasion,Iwasnotathome.那次我不在家。②Hemadeoccasionalvisitstothecinema.他偶尔去看电影。③Asheworksinaremotearea,hevisitshisparentsonlyoccasionally.因为他在一个边远地区工作，所以他只能偶尔回去看望他的父母。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①onthis/thatoccasion在这种/那种场合 onoccasion偶尔，有时onnooccasion在任何场合都不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)②occasionaladj.偶尔的，偶然的③occasionallyadv.有时，偶尔【名师点津】①当occasion表示“机会；时间”，作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用when。②当occasion表示“场合”，作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用where。③如果关系词代替occasion在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that/which。★学以致用【单句填空】①__________thisoccasion,hegotachancetogobackstagetomeettheactors.②Occasionsarequiterare__________Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.【句式升级】③Youshouldnevertrytocheatothersonanyoccasion!→____________________trytocheatothers！(部分倒装)12.majorityn.大部分；大多数Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.(教材P16)十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了学医。★情景探究①WhenIhaveadifferentopinion,Ialwaysrespecttheopinionofthemajority.当我有不同观点时，我总是尊重多数人的观点。②Themajorityofthestudentsholdtheviewthatit’sconvenienttogotoschoolbyelectricbike.大多数学生持有以下观点：骑电动车上学很方便。③Afterall,thosewhoareagainsttheprojectareinthemajority.毕竟，反对这个项目的人占大多数。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①themajorityof……的大多数 amajorityof大多数…… inthemajority占大多数②majorvi.主修adj.主要的n.主修课程 majorin主修【名师点津】①themajority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。②“amajorityof＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。③“themajorityof＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。④“themajorityof＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。⑤“themajorityof＋集合名词”作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑个体)。★学以致用【单句填空】①The__________(major)ofthecitizensinthatregionhavebeenaffectedbythedust.②TomandIhavesomethinginmon:webothmajor__________engineering.③Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthemitteemembers__________(be)againstit.【完成句子】④One­thirdofthecountryiscoveredwithgrassand__________(大多数)thecitizensliveintents.⑤IncollegeI__________(主修)NaturalScience.Whatwasyourmajor？13.respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!”(教材P16)她回答：“为了学习，我宁愿一辈子单身！”★情景探究①I’mnotsurehowhewillrespondtoyouranswer.我不确定他对你的答复会做何反应。②Herespondedthathewouldbepleasedtoattendtheparty.他回答说他很高兴参加派对。③Thegirllaughedinresponsetohisjokes.这个女孩听了他的笑话大笑起来。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①respondto...回应……；对……做出反应 respondthat...回答说……②responsen.反应；回答；回复 inresponseto作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语)makeresponseto对……做出反应(强调动作)★学以致用【单句填空】①Receivingatextdoesnotmeanyouneedto__________(response)toit.②__________responsetotheaudience’sgreatdemand,theplaywillbeputoninthetheatretwiceaweek.③Theteacherkindlymadearesponse__________thequestionsthatstudentputforward.【完成句子】④如果我们收到这样一封信，我们会做出回应的。Ifwereceivesuchaletter,wewill____________________it.⑤应委内瑞拉的要求召开了这次会议。Themeetingwascalled__________arequestfromVenezuela.14.appointvt.任命；委派In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB­GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital,butjustafewmonthslater,thedepartmentwasclosedbecauseofthewar.(教材P16)1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是就在几个月之后，妇产科因为战争而关闭。★情景探究①Iwasappointedtotakechargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesonthatday.我被委派负责安排那一天的所有活动。②Weshallhavetoappointanotherdayfortherestofourbusiness.我们只好再约一天来处理我们生意上其余的事。③WhowillbeappointedtothechairmanshipwhenMrBellleaves?贝尔先生离职以后，谁会被派来担任主席？④CanImakeanappointmenttoseethemanager?我可以约见经理吗？★要点突破【归纳拓展】★学以致用【单句填空】①Wearepleasedtoappointyou__________ouragentinJapan.②September1wasappointed__________theceremony.③Theymadean__________(appoint)fortheseconddayofMay.【完成句子】④他已被指派做红十字会的工作。Hehasbeenappointed__________ajob__________theRedCross.⑤你如果想看医生，最好事先跟他预约好。Ifyouwanttoseethedoctor,you’dbetter____________________himinadvance.15.tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.(教材P17)她更感兴趣的是照顾病人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果和培养下一代医生。★情景探究①Wetendtomakemistakeswhenwedothingsinahurry.忙中不免出错。②Severalnursescarefullytended(to)thesickman.几位护士悉心照料那个病人。③Thecooperationhasbeethetendencyofeconomicdevelopmentintheworld.合作已成为当今世界经济发展的趋势。★要点突破【归纳拓展】★学以致用【单句填空】①Thereisagrowing__________(tend)forpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofintheoffice.②Itend__________(forget)thingsunlessImarkthemdown.③Personally,Itend__________thesecondplanyouoffered.【完成句子】④大势趋向于和平。The__________eventsistowardspeace.⑤我个人觉得，俱乐部成员做的工作还是不错的。I__________thinkthatmembersoftheclubdoagoodjob.16.scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓Shewassoscaredduringtheinterviewthatshepletelyforgothowsheshouldrespondtothequestions.(教材P17)她在面试中如此害怕，以至于完全忘记了应该如何回答这些问题。★情景探究①Thehighpriceisscaringawaypossiblebuyers.价格昂贵，把想买东西的顾客吓跑了。②Thelittlegirlisscaredofgoingacrossthebridgebecausesheisscaredtofallintotheriver.小女孩不敢过桥，因为她害怕掉进河里。③IwasscaredtodeathwhenIsawsomeonewalkingslowlytowardsmeinthedark.当我看到一个人在黑暗中慢慢朝我走来时，我吓得要死。④Mostscarymoviesarerated“foradultsonly”.大部分的恐怖片都被列为“儿童不宜”。★要点突破【归纳拓展】★学以致用【单句填空】①Thethievesgot__________(scare)andranaway.②Thechildwasscared__________thefiercelookingdog.【完成句子】③我已经想出了一个吓跑那些顽童的办法。Ihavegotaway__________thosenaughtychildren__________.17.sharpadj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的；鲜明的；敏锐的；严厉的；剧烈的；急转的adv.(用于时间后，表示准时)……整ManyAmericansplainaboutthesharpincreaseinthecostofhealthcareandhealthinsurancerecently.(教材P17)许多美国人抱怨最近医疗保健和健康保险费用急剧增加。★情景探究①Therewasasharpincreaseinunemploymentinthatarealastyear.去年那个地区的失业人数急剧上升。②IsuddenlyfeltasharppaininmychestwhileIwasatwork.工作时我突然感到胸口一阵剧痛。③Thepriceofpetrolhasrisensharplysincelastmonth.自上个月以来，汽油价格急剧上涨。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①sharplyadv.猛烈地；急剧地②sharpenvt.&vi.(使)变锋利③sharpenern.磨具，削具★学以致用【写出下列句中sharp的含义】①Therearebirds,likethemountaineagles,whicheatmeatwiththeirstrongsharpbeaks.__________②Weheardavoicesingoutinaclear,sharptone.__________③Heisajournalistwithanextremelysharpmind.__________④Becarefulwiththesharpbendintheroad.__________⑤Sheplannedtounlocktheshopat8:00sharpthismorning.__________18.energeticadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的Oneoftheadvantagesofhiringenergeticandpositiveyoungpeopleisthattheytendtoshowinterestintheirworkandtheyareeagertolearn.(教材P17)雇用精力充沛和积极的年轻人的优点之一是他们往往对他们的工作感兴趣并且渴望学习。★情景探究①Themoreheworked,themoreenergetichebecame.他越干越起劲。②Hechewedenergeticallyonthegristlysteak.他劲头十足地嚼着尽是软骨的牛排。③Shehadstartedtodevoteherenergiestoteachingratherthanperforming.她已经开始将精力投入到教学而不是表演中。★要点突破【归纳拓展】①energeticallyadv.精力旺盛地；积极地②energyn.精力；力量；能源 apply/devoteone’senergyto(doing)sth.致力于做某事【易混辨析】force/power/strength/energyforce主要指自然界的力量、军事力量、武力以及法律、道德的力量power主要指能力、权利、电力、动力strength说人时指“体力”；说物时指“强度”；也可指“强项，长处”energy主要指人的活力、精力，也指能源★学以致用【选词填空】eq\x(powerenergystrengthforce)①Heissavinghis__________fortheheavyworkhe’llhavetodothisafternoon.②Thepolicehadtouse__________toholdbackthecrowd.③Hefeltasifhehadlosthis__________ofjudgement.④Aucklandisacitywhichisfullof__________.19.replacevt.接替；取代；更换ThestudentunionwillholdaspecialmeetinginJanuarytoelectsomeonetoreplacethesecretary.(教材P17)学生会将在一月份举行一个特别的会议来选举一个人接替这个秘书。★情景探究①Itisgenerallybelievedthatteacherswillneverbereplacedby/withputersinclass.人们普遍认为，在课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。②Hissenseoftouchgraduallytooktheplaceofsight.他的触觉逐步代替了视觉。③Whoishereinplaceofthemanager?谁在这里代替经理？★要点突破【归纳拓展】①replacesth.代替/取代…… replacesb.as...取代某人成为……replacesb./sth.with/by...用……替换，以……接替②inplace在适当的位置 outofplace在不适当的位置inone’splace＝intheplaceof代替 taketheplaceof＝replace代替；替代takeplace发生★学以致用【用含place的短语填空】①Thetalentshow,whosethemeis“InnovationsonCampus”,will__________inourschoolgymnasiumfrom8:30a.m.to11:30a.m.onApril30th.②Afterthedinner,anexpressionofthankstothehostwouldbe__________.③IfIrefusedtogo,theywouldsendJacktoattendthemeeting__________me.【一句多译】④经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。→ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI’ll____________________themeeting.→ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI’ll____________________themeeting.→ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI’ll______________________________.IV、练习提升(I)阅读理解AOfalltheChinese24solarterms,ClearandBright(清明)istheonlyonewhosefirstdayisalsoatraditionalChinesefestival,theQingmingFestival.Thewords“clear”and“bright”describetheweatherduringthisperiod.Temperaturesbegintoriseandrainfallincreases,makingitanimportanttimeforgrowingcropsinthespring.Asisknown,itisatimetoworshipancestors,however,hereareseveralthingsyoumaynotknowaboutClearandBright.SpringOutingsNotonlyisitaperiodtohonorthedead,butitisalsotimeforpeopletogooutandenjoynature.Astreesturngreen,flowersblossom,and