2024-2025学年新教材高中英语课时作业21Unit5WorkingtheLandReadingandThinking含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit5WorkingtheLand阅读理解AOrganicfood(有机食品)isverypopular.Itisalsoexpensive.Someorganicfoodcoststwiceasmuchasnon­organicfood.Someparentsandpetownerspayupto200percentmorefororganicfoodwhilesomepeoplethinkorganicfoodisawasteofmoney.Thereisonemaindifferencebetweenorganicandnon­organicfood.Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals,suchaspesticides(杀虫剂).Thismakessurethattheproductsarenatural.Somepeoplethink“organic”means“locallygrown”.Atthebeginning,thiswastrue.Overtimeorganicfarmingbecamemoredifficult.Thedemandfororganicfoodgrewlargerthanthesupply.Smallcompanieshadtosellouttolargecompanies.Thereweren'tenoughorganicmaterials.Thismadeitdifficultformanyorganiccompaniestostayinbusiness.Today,manylargecompanieshaveanorganiclineofproducts.Isorganicfoodmorenutritious(有养分的)?Thisispartofthedebate.Manyfarmersandconsumers(消费者)believeitis.Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblems,suchascancer.Manyhealthexpertsdisagree.Fewstudiesprovethatorganicfoodpreventshealthproblems.Healthexpertsworrymoreaboutbacteria(细菌).Thesecancomeintocontactwithorganicandnon­organicfood.Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.Istastierfoodworththeextramoney?Thisisamatterofopinion.Whetheritishealthierornotmayrequiremoreresearch.However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.本文介绍了有机食品很受欢迎，虽然价格很贵，但是味道好，吃得放心，有机食品消费者认为平安第一。1．Whatisprobablythemajorconcern(关注)oforganicfoodconsumers?A．Price. B．Safety.C．Freshness. D．Variety.答案：B解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.(然而，有机食品消费者认为平安比懊悔好。)可知只要平安，消费者宁愿多花点钱，故选B。2．Whatisthedoctors'suggestion?A．Growyourownfood.B．Reducetheuseofpesticides.C．Makesurethefoodisclean.D．Buylargecompanies'products.答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段的最终一句Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.(医生建议清洗时要特别当心。)可知医生建议食品要清洗干净，故选C。3.Whichofthefollowingdomostpeopleagreeonorganicfood?A．Ittastesbetter. B．Itiseasiertogrow.C．Itcontainsmorefat. D．Itismorenutritious.答案：A解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段的第一句Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.(大多数人都同意自然生长的食物味道更好。)可知有机食品尝起来很好，故选A。4.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Ahealthmagazine. B．Amedicalreport.C．Achemistrypaper. D．Amenuofarestaurant.答案：A解析：细微环节理解题。本文介绍的是有机食品，价格贵却很受欢迎，平安健康第一，所以跟健康有关，故选A。BI'lladmitI'veneverquiteunderstoodtheobsession(难以破除的成见)surroundinggeneticallymodified(GM)crops.Toenvironmentalistopponents，GMfoodsaresimplyevil，anunderstudied，possiblyharmfultoolusedbybigagriculturalbusinessestocontrolglobalseedmarketsandbeatlocalfarmers.TheyarguethatGMfoodshaveneverdeliveredontheirsupposedpromise，thatmoneyspentonGMcropswouldbebetterchanneledtoorganicfarmingandthatconsumersshouldbeprotectedwithwarninglabelsonanyproductsthatcontaingeneticallymodifiedingredients.Tosupporters，GMcropsareakeypartoftheefforttosustainablyprovidefoodtomeetagrowingglobalpopulation.Butmorethanthat，supportersseetheGMoppositionofmanyenvironmentalistsasfundamentallyanti­science，nodifferentthanthosewhoquestionthebasicsofman­madeclimatechange.Forbothsides，GMfoodsseemtoactasasymbol:you'repro­agriculturalbusinessoranti­science.ButscienceisexactlywhatweneedmoreofwhenitcomestoGMfoods，whichiswhyIwashappytoseeNaturedevoteaspecialseriesofarticlestotheGMfoodcontroversy.Theconclusion:whileGMcropshaven'tyetrealizedtheirinitialpromiseandhavebeendominatedbyagriculturalbusinesses，thereisreasontocontinuetouseanddevelopthemtohelpmeettheenormouschallengeofsustainablyfeedingagrowingplanet.Thatdoesn'tmeanGMcropsareperfect，oraone­size­fits­allsolutiontoglobalagricultureproblems.Butanythingthatcanincreasefarmingefficiency—theamountofcropswecanproduceperacreofland—willbeextremelyuseful.GMcropscanandalmostcertainlywillbepartofthatsuiteoftools,butsowilltraditionalplantbreeding，improvedsoilandcropmanagement—andperhapsmostimportantofall，betterstorageandtransportinfrastructure(基础设施)especiallyinthedevelopingworld.(Itdoesn'tdomuchgoodforfarmersinplaceslikesub­SaharanAfricatoproducemorefoodiftheycan'tgetittohungryconsumers.)I'dliketoseemorenon­industryresearchdoneonGMcrops—notjustbecausewe'dworrylessaboutprejudice，butalsobecauseseedcompanieslikeMonsantoandPioneershouldn'tbetheonlyentities(实体)workingtoharnessgeneticmodification.I'dliketoseeGMresearchonlesscommercialcrops，likecorn.Idon'tthinkit'svitaltolabelGMingredientsinfood，butIalsowouldn'tbeagainstit—andindustrywouldbesmarttogoalongwithlabeling，justasawayofremovingfearsaboutthetechnology.Mostofall，though，Iwishatenthoftheenergythat'sspentendlesslydebatingGMcropswasfocusedonthosemorepressingchallengesforglobalagriculture.Therearemuchbiggerbattlestofight.这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了关于转基因农作物的探讨。作者认为与其关注转基因农作物，不如花时间来关注一下全球农业面临的更紧迫的挑战。1.HowdoenvironmentalistopponentsviewGMfoodsaccordingtothepassage?A．Theywilleventuallyruinagricultureandtheenvironment.B．Theyareusedbybigbusinessestodominateagriculture.C．Theyhaveprovedpotentiallyharmfultoconsumers'health.D．Theyposeabigthreattocurrentfarmingpractice.答案：B解析：推理推断题。第一段Toenvironmentalistopponents，GMfoodsaresimplyevil，anunderstudied，possiblyharmfultoolusedbybigagriculturalbusinessestocontrolglobalseedmarketsandbeatlocalfarmers.指出奉行环境爱护主义的反对者们反对转基因食品是因为转基因食品邪恶、没有经过充分探讨并可能成为大型农业公司限制全球种子市场和压榨当地农夫的工具。由此可见，B的意思符合文意，即转基因食品是一种被大型农业公司用以垄断的工具，故选B。2．Whatdoestheauthorsayisvitaltosolvingthecontroversybetweenthetwosidesofthedebate?A．BreakingtheGMfoodmonopoly(垄断).B．Morefriendlyexchangeofideas.C．RegulatingGMfoodproduction.D．MorescientificresearchonGMcrops.答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。其次段首句就提到了题干中的twosides，表明对双方而言，转基因食品标记着你是亲农业还是反科学。其次句中ButscienceisexactlywhatweneedmoreofwhenitcomestoGMfoods接着指出，当涉及转基因食品时，我们更须要的是科学，故答案为D。3．Whatistheauthor'sviewonthesolutiontoagriculturalproblems?A．IthastodependmoreandmoreonGMtechnology.B．Itisvitaltothesustainabledevelopmentofhumansociety.C．GMcropsshouldbealloweduntilbetteralternativesarefound.D．Whateverisusefultoimprovefarmingefficiencyshouldbeencourag