黑龙江省牡丹江地区共同体2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题 含解析

2024年牡丹江地区共同体高一期末联考英语试题考试时间：120分钟分值：150分第一部分：听力(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节：请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选择项中选择出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemaneateveryday?A.Eggs.B.Fries.C.Vegetables.2.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Cleanhisbedroom.B.Makeanapology.C.Talltohisteacher.3.Howarethespeakersprobablyhavingtheconversation?A.Facetoface.B.Throughonlinemessages.C.Onthephone.4.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Snowy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.5.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Waitforthenextbus.B.Getabusschedule.C.Walktothelibrary.第二节：请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendoesthemanprefertoread?A.Atnight.B.Inthemorning.C.Intheafternoon.7.Whatkindofbookisthewomanreadingnow?A.Asciencebook.B.Anadventurestory.C.Ahistoricalnovel.请听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisanadvantageofusingacomputer?A.Studentscanfindinformationquickly.B.Studentscanconcentrateontaskseasily.C.Studentscanlearntheirtextbooksbetter.9Howmanytimeshasthewomantakenastudent'sphoneaway?A.Fivetimes.B.Threetimes.C.Once.10.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Parentandchild.C.Teacherandstudent.请听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdoestheartcompetitionmakethewomanfeel?A.Annoyed.B.Surprised.C.Excited.12.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.She'sashortstorywriter.B.She'sadigitalartist.C.She'sapainter.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkshouldhappennow?A.Thejudgesshouldapologize.B.Theprizeshouldbetakenback.C.AcompetitionforAlartshouldbeheld.请听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atschool.B.Inahospital.C.Athome.15.Howdoesthemanusuallygethome?A.Onfoot.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.16.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hehelpedalady.B.Hedidhomeworkuntilmidnight.C.Hehadhisheartcheckedinthehospital.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowoldwasManéwhenhebeganplayingfootballinEurope?A.15.B.17.C.19.18.WhichEuropeancountrydidManéfirstplayin?A.TheU.K.B.France.C.Austria.19.WhatisMané'srealdream?A.Beingrichandfamous.B.Helpinghishometown.C.Buildingmorepostoffices.20.WhatdidManéopenin2022?A.Agasstation.B.Ahospital.C.Aschool.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFindYourNextAdventure:ChangbaiMountainTouristResort,JilinProvinceAreyoutiredofyourbusyscheduleandlookingforaplacetorelax?Hereisanational-leveltouristdestinationperfectforyourholiday.Now,beginyournewadventure!Thisappealingsiteoffersfeaturesrangingfromhistoricalandenvironmentalsignificancetocleanlakesandvariouswildanimals,frombeautifulresourcestocolorfulthemezones—itallawaitsyourdiscovery.LocatedinthesoutheastofJinlinprovince,China,ChangbaiMountainisanational5A-leveltouristresortandoneofthe10mostfamousmountainsinChina,whichhasrichnaturalresources,including2,596kindsofwildplantsand2,442kindsofwildcreatures.Whenvisitorsclimbthismountain,theymaygetachancetoseeManchuriantiger,thekingofanimals:Meanwhile,ChangbaiMountainisfamousasavolcanoinmodernChina,butitslasteruption(爆发)wasmorethan300yearsagoin1702.ItisalsotheheadstreamoftheSonghuaRiver,TumenRiverandYaluRiver.ChangbaiMountaingivesdifferentcolorsinthefourseasonsoftheyear.Itisanamazingchoicefortouriststoadmirenaturalbeauty!OpeningTime:6:00a.m.—4:00p.m.(NorthGate);6:00a.m.-3:00p.m.(WestGate).TicketPrice:Adult,120yuan(fullprice);Senior(age65+)andChildunderfivegofreeanddonotneedaticket.Discount:Thedisabled,soldiers,teachers,andstudentsenjoyhalfprice.Address:Chibeidistrict,Antutown,YanbianKoreanautonomousprefecture(自治州).Airport:ChangbaishanAirport.1.WhatcanweknowaboutChangbaiMountain?A.ItisregardedasthetallestmountaininChina. B.Ithastheworld’slargesttigerpopulation.C.Itisfamousasanactivevolcano. D.Itisthesourceofthreemajorrivers.2.Howmuchshouldtwomiddleschoolstudentsandamanaged63payfortheirtickets?A.120yuan. B.240yuan. C.300yuan. D.360yuan.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Abookreview. C.Anofficialreport. D.Ananimalposter.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长白山旅游度假区的相关信息，包括其位置、自然资源、开放时间、票价、地址和机场等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ItisalsotheheadstreamoftheSonghuaRiver,TumenRiverandYaluRiver.(它也是松花江、图们江、鸭绿江的源头)”可知，长白山是三条主要河流的源头。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“TicketPrice:Adult,120yuan(fullprice);Senior(age65+)andChildunderfivegofreeanddonotneedaticket.(票价：成人120元（全价）；老人（65岁以上）和5岁以下儿童免费，不需要门票)”以及倒数第三段“Discount:Thedisabled,soldiers,teachers,andstudentsenjoyhalfprice.(优惠：残疾人、军人、教师、学生享受半价优惠)”可知，两个中学生和一个63岁的老人应该付60+60+120=240。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据标题“FindYourNextAdventure:ChangbaiMountainTouristResort,JilinProvince(寻找你的下一个冒险：吉林省长白山旅游度假区)”结合文章主要介绍了长白山旅游度假区的相关信息，包括其位置、自然资源、开放时间、票价、地址和机场等信息。由此推知，文章可能选自一本旅行手册。故选A。BConfucius(孔子),afamousteacher,wasapoliticianandphilosopher(哲学家)wholivedin“SpringandAutumnPeriod”.Duringhislifetime,heplantedtheseedsforChina’scompletechangebyteachingthousandsofpeople.Today,heisthoughttobeoneoftheworld’sgreatestteachers.Confuciusgrewupinapoorfamily.Ashegrewup,Confuciusworkedtohelphismotherearnmoney.Whenhewasn’tworking,hewouldread.Hisfavoritethingtodowastolearn.Hismothersawthisanddidherbesttohelphimlearn.Oneday,richfamiliesnoticedhowsmarthewasandofferedhimjobscountingtheirmoneyandkeepingtrackoftheircrops.Confuciusdidthisuntilhewas30yearsold,buthealwayswantedtodomore.Hedidn’tlikethewayrulerstreatedtheirpeople.Hewantedtofindawaytohelppeoplewhowerelessfortunatethanhewas.Later,hefoundedthephilosophy“Confucianism”.Confucianismstatesthatbyeducatingyourself,lovingyourfamily,andrespectingtraditionyoucouldbecomeabetterperson.Confuciusbelievedapersoncouldachievethesethingsbypracticingself-discipline(自律).Fortherestofhislife,ConfuciustraveledandtaughtthepeopleofChinaaboutself-disciplineandtheimportanceofeducation.HeevenopenedChina’sfirstschoolthattaughtboththepoorandthewealthyasequals.AlthoughhebecameveryfamousamongChina’slowerclasses,therulersofChinaneveracceptedhisteachings.Eventually,hisphilosophyofself-disciplinehelpedChinauniteunderonerulerandfinallyfindpeace.Today,Confuciusiscelebratedallovertheworldforhisphilosophyofeducation,equality,andpeaceoverwar,money,andinjustice.4.WhatcanweknowaboutConfuciusfromthepassage?A.Hewasborninapoliticianfamily.B.Hewasonceafarmerguidingpeoplefarming.C.Heonceactedasamathteacher.D.Hedevotedhimselftosocialdevelopment.5.Whydidrichfamiliesgivehimjobs?A.Helikescountingmoney. B.Heenjoyedharvestingcrops.C.Hewasveryclever. D.Hedislikedrulers.6.Whichisveryimportanttokeeppeaceaccordingtotheauthor?A.Respect. B.Self-confidence. C.Self-discipline. D.Equality.7.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsConfucianism?A.Supportive(支持的). B.Doubtful(怀疑的). C.Disappointed. D.Hopeful.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是孔子的生平和他的哲学思想。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Duringhislifetime,heplantedtheseedsforChina’scompletechangebyteachingthousandsofpeople.(在他的一生中，他通过教导成千上万的人，为中国的彻底改变播下了种子。)”可知，孔子致力于社会发展。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Oneday,richfamiliesnoticedhowsmarthewasandofferedhimjobscountingtheirmoneyandkeepingtrackoftheircrops.(有一天，富有的家庭注意到他是多么聪明，给他提供了数钱和跟踪他们的庄稼的工作。)”可知，富裕家庭给他工作是因为他非常聪明。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Eventually,hisphilosophyofself-disciplinehelpedChinauniteunderonerulerandfinallyfindpeace.(最终，他的自律哲学帮助中国统一在一个统治者之下，并最终找到了和平。)”可知，根据作者的观点，要维护和平，自律是很重要的，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Eventually,hisphilosophyofself-disciplinehelpedChinauniteunderonerulerandfinallyfindpeace.Today,Confuciusiscelebratedallovertheworldforhisphilosophyofeducation,equality,andpeaceoverwar,money,andinjustice.(最终，他的自律哲学帮助中国统一在一个统治者之下，并最终找到了和平。今天，孔子因其教育、平等、和平而不是战争、金钱和不公正的哲学而闻名于世。)”可知，作者对儒学的态度是支持的，故选A。CFidgettoyshavebeengoingviralrecently,arousingsafetyconcernsamongparentsandthewholesociety.Tobetterprotectthephysicalandmentalhealthofyoungstudents,theMinistryofEducationrecentlyissuedanotice,aimingtopreventfidgettoysfrompresentingarisktothehealthoftheyoungergenerations.Fidgettoysincludeinhalernasalsticksandradishknives,whicharepopularasstress-relieversamongstudents.The“EnergyStick,”orinhalernasalstick,hasbeensellingwellonlinerecentlyonplatformssuchasTaobao.Someonlineshopshavealreadysoldnearly100,000sticks,whosepricesrangefrom6yuantoapproximately128yuan.Theproductcontainswatermelon,teaandorangeflavorsandevenalcoholtoattractmorecustomers.Theonlinestoresalespersonrespondedbystatingthatthemainingredientsoftheproductarecamphorandmint(薄荷),whichdonotcontainanyaddictiveproperties.Meanwhile,ZhaoTing,amedicalexpert,toldtheGlobalTimesthatsomechildrenarelikelytogetaddictedtothe“EnergyStick.”Thecolorfulplastictoyknife,aradishknife,nicknamed“CarrotKnife,”hasalsoskyrocketedanastonishingsellingonline.“AfterherclassmatehadboughtaCarrotKnifeandsaiditwasafuntoytouse,mydaughteralsoboughtone,whichmakesmeanxious.”Julian,afatherfromBeijingtoldtheGlobalTimesonSaturday.Someofradishknivesaresosmallthattheycanbegrippedinthepalmofachild’shandwhileothersareaslongasonemeter.Therearevariouswaysofplayingwiththeradishknife,withsomemimic(模拟)attackatfriendsaspartofagame,accordingtomediareports.Expertswarnedthatsuchtoyscouldencourageviolenceandcauselong-termmentalharmtochildren.Tochangethissituation,thegovernmentstressedtheimportanceonmaintainingstrictmanagement,andstoppingharmfultoysintocampus.Schoolsshouldorganizesafetypromotionactivitiestoteachstudentstocorrectlyidentifyandkeepawayfromdangerousandharmfultoys.Also,parentsshouldteachtheirchildrentoplaywithtoyssafelyandcorrectly.8.Whyhavefidgettoysbecomepopularrecently?A.Theyarebeneficialtoyoungstudents’well-being.B.Theycanhelptoreduceyoungstudents’pressure.C.Youngstudentsareallowedtousethematschools.D.Youngstudentscanaffordthematasuitableprice.9.Whatmayhelpthe“EnergyStick”attractyoungstudents?A.Itshighvalue. B.Itsplentifulnutrition. C.Itsrichcontents. D.Itseffectivesales.10.WhatdoesJulianreallywanttosayaboutthe“CarrotKnife”?A.Itbringshisdaughteralotofjoy. B.Itmightdoharmtohisdaughter.C.Ithasnoeffectonhisdaughter. D.Ithelpshisdaughterrealizeherdream.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Differentresponsesmadetofidgettoys. B.Greatimportanceattachedtofidgettoys.C.Practicalmeasuresdealingwithfidgettoys. D.Potentialdangersbroughtaboutbyfidgettoys.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了指尖玩具最近变得流行起来，这是因为这种玩具可以帮助减轻年轻学生的压力。但是其中也存在安全隐患。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Fidgettoysincludeinhalernasalsticksandradishknives,whicharepopularasstress-relieversamongstudents.(指尖玩具包括吸入器鼻棒和萝卜刀，这些都是受学生欢迎的减压工具)”可知，指尖玩具最近变得流行起来因为可以帮助减轻年轻学生的压力。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theproductcontainswatermelon,teaandorangeflavorsandevenalcoholtoattractmorecustomers.(为了吸引更多的顾客，该产品含有西瓜、茶和橙子的口味，甚至还有酒精)”可知，口味丰富可以帮助“能量棒”吸引年轻学生。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““AfterherclassmatehadboughtaCarrotKnifeandsaiditwasafuntoytouse,mydaughteralsoboughtone,whichmakesmeanxious.”Julian,afatherfromBeijingtoldtheGlobalTimesonSaturday.Someofradishknivesaresosmallthattheycanbegrippedinthepalmofachild’shandwhileothersareaslongasonemeter.Therearevariouswaysofplayingwiththeradishknife,withsomemimic(模拟)attackatfriendsaspartofagame,accordingtomediareports.(“她的同学买了一把胡萝卜刀，说这是一个有趣的玩具，我女儿也买了一把，这让我很焦虑。”周六，来自北京的一位父亲朱利安告诉《环球时报》。一些萝卜刀非常小，可以用孩子的手掌抓住，而另一些则长达一米。据媒体报道，这把萝卜刀有各种各样的玩法，有些人还会模仿攻击朋友作为游戏的一部分)”可知，朱利安认为“胡萝卜刀”可能会伤害他的女儿。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Expertswarnedthatsuchtoyscouldencourageviolenceandcauselong-termmentalharmtochildren.Tochangethissituation,thegovernmentstressedtheimportanceonmaintainingstrictmanagement,andstoppingharmfultoysintocampus.Schoolsshouldorganizesafetypromotionactivitiestoteachstudentstocorrectlyidentifyandkeepawayfromdangerousandharmfultoys.Also,parentsshouldteachtheirchildrentoplaywithtoyssafelyandcorrectly.(专家警告说，这些玩具可能会鼓励暴力，并对儿童造成长期的精神伤害。为了改变这种情况，政府强调了保持严格管理的重要性，并阻止有害玩具进入校园。学校应组织安全宣传活动，教导学生正确识别和远离危险有害玩具。此外，父母应该教孩子安全、正确地玩玩具)”可知，最后一段主要讲处理指尖玩具的实际措施。故选C。DIT’SATYPICALmorning:youwakeup,takeashower,brushyourteeth,andthenprick(刺;扎)yourarmwithatinyneedle.Wait,what?Unlessyouhaveaseriousdiseasesuchasdiabetes,youprobablyhaven’tevertestedyourownblood.Butinthefuture,thatmightchange.ThecompanyCoralreadysellsasystemforhomebloodtesting.Youstickyourarmusingasupposedlypainless,one-off,blood-drawingcartridgeaboutthesizeofalipstick.Thenyoustickthecartridgeintoadevice(装置)thatlookslikethebaseforanelectrictoothbrush.Afewminuteslater,anapponyourphonebuzzeswithupdatedinformation,includingyourcurrenthealthdataandtipsonwhattoeatandhowtoexerciseduringtheday.It’struethatbloodcontainsawealthofinformationaboutaperson’shealth.Bloodtestscanshowifapersonisinfectedwithadiseaseoratriskforavarietyofproblems,includingaheartattackorastroke.Butmostpeopledon’ttesttheirownblooduntiladoctorsaysit’stime.Healthyyoungadultsgetregularbloodtestsabouteveryfiveyears.Thesetestshappenatalab,whereatechnicianoranursesticksalongneedleintothearmtodrawoutseveraltubesfullofblood.Corandsimilarcompanies,suchasWellnessFX,aretryingtochangeallthat.Theythinkpeopledeserveaccesstomoreinformationabouttheirownhealth.Butnoteveryoneisconvincedthatregularbloodtestingforhealthypeopleisagreatidea.Cor’ssystemisexpensiveandmaynotoffermuchbenefit.“Thelightestresulthereisthatyouloseyourmoneyandthenyou'reremindedtogetmoresleepandtoeatmorefruits,vegetables,andfish,”PieterCohenof-HarvardMedicalSchooltoldtheNewYorkTimes.“Theworstresultisthatyouendupgettingfrightenedbyprobablyabnormalresultsthatareactuallycompletelynormalforyou.”Plus,theresultsofahomebloodtestmightbewrong.It’shardtogetaccurateresultsfromatinyamountofblood.Sowhatdoyouthink?Ismonitoringyourownhealthviapinpricksthewayofthefuture?Orisitbettertoleavebloodtestingtomedicalprofessionals?12.Whydoestheauthormentionthetypicalmorninginthefirstparagraph?A.Toexplainascene. B.Toprovideanexample.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Tointroducethetopic.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cartridge”probablymean?A.Container. B.Operation. C.Medicine. D.Scan.14.WhydoesCorpromotehomebloodtesting?A.Tocollectpeople’shealthinformation. B.Toofferpeoplepropersuggestions.C.Tohelppeopletracktheirhealth. D.Tocurepeopleofblooddiseases.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Homebloodtesting:yourhealthmonitor! B.Homebloodtests:yesorno?C.Anewsystemofimprovingyourhealth. D.Shouldbloodtestsbeallowedathome?【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是Cor公司提倡家庭验血的原因以及反对家庭验血者的观点。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“IT’SATYPICALmorning:youwakeup,takeashower,brushyourteeth,andthenprick(刺;扎)yourarmwithatinyneedle.Wait,what?Unlessyouhaveaseriousdiseasesuchasdiabetes,youprobablyhaven’tevertestedyourownblood.Butinthefuture,thatmightchange.(这是一个典型的早晨：你醒来，洗澡，刷牙，然后刺。我用一根小针扎你的胳膊。等等,什么?除非你患有严重的疾病，如糖尿病，否则你可能从未检测过自己的血液。但在未来，这种情况可能会改变。)”可知，未来早上你做的其中一件事就是给自己验血，而下文介绍的就是Cor公司在销售的家庭血液检测系统。所以，作者在第一段提到典型的早晨是为了引出本文的话题。故选D项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文的“blood-drawing(抽血)”和下文的“aboutthesizeofalipstick(大约一支口红的大小)”可知，用来抽血的大约口红大小的东西肯定是装血液用的容器。所以，划线单词cartridge意为“容器”，与container意义一致。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“It’struethatbloodcontainsawealthofinformationaboutaperson’shealth.Bloodtestscanshowifapersonisinfectedwithadiseaseoratriskforavarietyofproblems,includingaheartattackorastroke.Butmostpeopledon’ttesttheirownblooduntiladoctorsaysit’stime.Healthyyoungadultsgetregularbloodtestsabouteveryfiveyears.Thesetestshappenatalab,whereatechnicianoranursesticksalongneedleintothearmtodrawoutseveraltubesfullofblood.Corandsimilarcompanies,suchasWellnessFX,aretryingtochangeallthat.Theythinkpeopledeserveaccesstomoreinformationabouttheirownhealth.(的确，血液中含有丰富的关于一个人健康的信息。血液检测可以显示一个人是否感染了疾病或有各种问题的风险，包括心脏病发作或中风。但大多数人在医生说是时候之前不会检测自己的血液。健康的年轻人大约每五年进行一次定期血液检查。这些测试在实验室进行，技术人员或护士将一根长针刺入手臂，抽出几管血液。Cor和类似的公司，如WellnessFX，正试图改变这一切。他们认为人们应该获得更多关于自己健康的信息。)”可知，Cor公司提倡家庭验血是为了帮助人们追踪自己的健康状况。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文介绍的是Cor公司提倡家庭验血的原因以及反对家庭验血者的观点。所以用B项“Homebloodtests:yesorno?(家庭血液检测：是或否？)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallwanttomakelastingchangestoourdailybehaviorsfromtimetotime—perhapsexercisemoreorspendlesstimeonourphonesbeforebed.Buthowlongdoesittaketobuildahabit?____16____ThisnumberfirstappearedinabookbyDr.MaxwellMaltz.Hereportedthathispatientsneededatleast21daystochangethementalimageofhowtheylooked.Sincethen,manypeoplehaveappliedthe“21-dayrule”toallhabits.____17____Somemayneedmorethanthreeweekstobecomehabits.Howlongittakestoformanewhabitmaydependonthehabit,onyou,andonwhatmethodsyou’reusingtobuildandmaintainit.Studieshaveshownthathabitformationmaytakeanywherebetween18and254days.Theaverageamountoftimeneededforabehaviortobecomeahabitis66days.____18____Forexample,thosewhowereaskedtodevelopahabitofdrinkingaglassofwateratbreakfasttendedto(往往会)bemoresuccessfulthanthosewhowereaskedtodo50sit-upseachday.Inaddition,self-efficacy(自我效能感)isthekeytodevelopingandmaintaininghabits.____19____Putsimply,apersonwhodoesn’tthinkhecanmaintainnewbehaviorswillbelesslikelytokeephishabit,It’salsoimportanttomakeagoalmoreattractive.MarkVahrmeyer,adoctorwhohelpspeopledealwithmentalhealthproblems,says,“Iftheprocessofbuildingyourhabitinvolvesnothingbutself-sacrifice(自我牺牲)withnoreward,youareunlikelytosticktoyourgoals.”____20____Forexample,ifthegoalistogotothegymthreetimesaweek,apersonshouldpickagymwithaconvenientlocation.A.Apopularansweris21days.B.It’salsoimportanttorepeatahabit.C.However,notallbehaviorsarethesame.D.Habitsarethesmalldecisionsyoumakeeveryday.E.Healsoadvisesmakingtheprocessaseasyaspossible.F.Anddifferentactionsrequireadifferentlevelofefforttoo.G.It’sabeliefinone’sabilitytocompleteataskorachieveagoal.【答案】16.A17.C18.F19.G20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何养成一个习惯。【16题详解】根据下文“ThisnumberfirstappearedinabookbyDr.MaxwellMaltz.”(这个数字首次出现在MaxwellMaltz博士的一本书中。)可知，前文提到的是一个具体的数字，A选项“一个流行的答案是21天。”Thisnumber指的是21days。符合语境。故选A。【17题详解】根据上文“Sincethen,manypeoplehaveappliedthe“21-dayrule”toallhabits.”(从那以后，许多人把“21天法则”应用到所有的习惯上。)根据下文“Somemayneedmorethanthreeweekstobecomehabits.”(有些可能需要超过三周的时间才能成为习惯。)可知，并不是所有行为都一样，C选项“然而，并不是所有行为都是一样的。”选项承上启下。符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Theaverageamountoftimeneededforabehaviortobecomeahabitis66days.”（一种行为变成习惯的平均时间是66天。）根据下文“Forexample,thosewhowereaskedtodevelopahabitofdrinkingaglassofwateratbreakfasttendedtobemoresuccessfulthanthosewhowereaskedtodo50sit-upseachday.”(例如，那些被要求在早餐时养成喝一杯水习惯的人往往比那些被要求每天做50个仰卧起坐的人更成功。)可知，行为不同，所付出的努力程度也不相同。故F选项“不同的行为也需要不同程度的努力。”符合语境。故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“Inaddition,self-efficacy(自我效能感)isthekeytodevelopingandmaintaininghabits.”（此外，自我效能感是养成和保持习惯的关键）根据下文“Putsimply,apersonwhodoesn’tthinkhecanmaintainnewbehaviorswillbelesslikelytokeephishabit,”(简单地说，一个不认为自己能保持新行为的人不太可能保持他的习惯，)可知，选项承接上文继续解释自我效能感，G选项“这是一个人完成任务或实现目标的能力的信念。”符合语境。下文是对选项的解释。故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Iftheprocessofbuildingyourhabitinvolvesnothingbutself-sacrifice(自我牺牲)withnoreward,youareunlikelytosticktoyourgoals.”（如果养成习惯的过程中除了自我牺牲没有任何回报，你不太可能坚持你的目标。）根据下文“Forexample,ifthegoalistogotothegymthreetimesaweek,apersonshouldpickagymwithaconvenientlocation.”(例如，如果目标是每周去健身房三次，一个人应该选择一个位置方便的健身房。)可知，选项承上启下，说明针对上文出现的问题应该采取的措施。E选项“他还建议使过程尽可能简单。”符合语境。下文具体解释了上文的内容。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AscaptainofArgentina’snationalwheelchairbasketballteam,AdolfoDamianBerdunhasledhisteamtomanyvictoriesandistheMVP(mostvaluableplayer)ofhisItalianCup-winningteam.Yethe___21___fourclassesofelementary-schoolkidsthispastspringaspartofa___22___called“AtSchoolILearntoPlayWithoutLimits”.Forfiveweeks,thechildrenlearnedthe___23___skillsofbasketballandsportsmanshipfromthetrue___24___ofthesport.WhenBerdun___25___ontothecourt(球场)onthefirstday,hewasinfrontofa(n)___26___groupofGrade2students.Buthemadeit___27___thattheyweren’ttheretotalkabouthis___28___leg—theyweretheretoplaybasketball.Astheweeks___29___,thestudents’skilllevelandinterestgrewquickly.ForBerdun,whohasvisitedmanyschoolstotalkabouthowhelivedwithhis____30____foryears,itwasthefirstopportunity,whichhehadhopedfor,tosimplybecalled“____31____”.Duringthelastclass,Berdun____32____howhelosthislegatage13afterbeinghitbyatruckinhishometown.Tohis____33____,afteraskinghimseveralquestions,theycouldn’twaittogoondoingbasketballpractices.“Itseemsthatthey____34____aboutmydisabilityquickly.”Berdunsaid.Themostbeautifulthingisthattheymanagedto____35____thebarrier(障碍)betweenthecoachwithoneleginawheelchairandhisdreamofbeingacoach.21.A.canceled B.taught C.took D.supported22.A.topic B.proposal C.system D.project23.A.extinct B.advanced C.basic D.social24.A.legend B.designer C.judge D.donor25.A.wheeled B.walled C.ran D.climbed26.A.easy-going B.kind-hearted C.wide-eyed D.heart-broken27.A.clear B.suitable C.unique D.different28.A.strong B.missing C.long D.short29.A.started B.ended C.paused D.progressed30.A.honor B.medals C.fear D.disability31.A.Coach B.Captain C.Officer D.Professor32.A.pretended B.explored C.tracked D.explained33.A.disappointment B.surprise C.excitement D.sadness34.A.cared B.forgot C.talked D.thought35.A.putaway B.buildup C.breakdown D.focuson【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.C27.A28.B29.D30.D31.A32.D33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了有残疾的AdolfoDamianBerdun在春天教授四个班的小学生篮球技能，学生一开始很惊讶，但随着时间的推移，学生们的技能水平和兴趣迅速提高。学生似乎打破了坐在轮椅上的单腿教练与他的教练梦之间的障碍。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在刚刚过去的这个春天，他教了四个班的小学生，这是一个名为“在学校，我学会了无限制地玩耍”的项目的一部分。A.canceled取消；B.taught教学；C.took带走；D.supported支持。根据后文“fourclasses”可知，他从事教学工作。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在刚刚过去的这个春天，他教了四个班的小学生，这是一个名为“在学校，我学会了无限制地玩耍”的项目的一部分。A.topic主题；B.proposal提议；C.system系统；D.project项目。根据后文“called“AtSchoolILeamtoPlayWithoutLimits”.”可知，指一个名为“在学校，我学会了无限制地玩耍”的项目。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在五个星期的时间里，孩子们从这项运动的真正传奇人物那里学习了篮球的基本技巧和体育精神。A.extinct灭绝的；B.advanced先进的；C.basic基本的；D.social社会的。根据后文“skillsofbasketball”此处指学生学习篮球的基本技巧。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在五个星期的时间里，孩子们从这项运动的真正传奇人物那里学习了篮球的基本技巧和体育精神。A.legend传奇人物；B.designer设计师；C.judge裁判；D.donor捐献者。根据上文“AscaptainofArgentina’snationalwheelchairbasketballteam,AdolfoDamianBerdunhasledhisteamtomanyvictoriesandistheMVP(mostvaluableplayer)ofhisItalianCup-winningteam.(作为阿根廷国家轮椅篮球队的队长，阿道夫·达米安·伯登带领他的球队取得了许多胜利，并且是意大利杯冠军球队的MVP（最有价值球员）)”可知，Berdun是传奇人物。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一天，当伯登来到球场上时，他站在一群睁大眼睛的二年级学生面前。A.wheeled滚动；B.walled走；C.ran奔跑；D.climbed攀爬。根据后文“helosthislegatage13”可知，伯登没有腿，是坐轮椅来的，wheel表示“滚动”符合语境。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一天，当伯登来到球场上时，他站在一群睁大眼睛二年级学生面前。A.easy-going随和的；B.kind-hearted善良的；C.wide-eyed睁大眼睛的；D.heart-broken心碎的。根据上文可知伯登没有腿，是坐轮椅来的，所以学生很惊讶，都睁大了眼睛。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他说得很清楚，他们不是来谈论他那条不见了的腿的——他们是来打篮球的。A.clear清楚的；B.suitable合适的；C.unique独特的；D.different不同的。根据后文“theyweretheretoplaybasketball.”可知，伯登说得很清楚，他们是来这里打篮球的。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他说得很清楚，他们不是来谈论他那条不见了的腿的——他们是来打篮球的。A.strong强壮的；B.missing不见的；C.long长的；D.short短的。根据后文“helosthislegatage13”可知，此处指他们不是来谈论伯登那条不见了的腿的。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，学生们的技能水平和兴趣迅速提高。A.started开始；B.ended结束；C.paused暂停；D.progressed流逝。根据上文“Astheweeks”此处指时间流逝，应用progress。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于曾多次到学校讲述自己多年来如何与残疾共存的Berdun来说，这是他盼望已久的第一次机会，可以简单地被称为“教练”。A.honor荣誉；B.medals奖牌；C.fear恐惧；D.disability残疾。根据后文“aboutmydisability”此处指与残疾共存。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于曾多次到学校讲述自己多年来如何与残疾共存Berdun来说，这是他盼望已久的第一次机会，可以简单地被称为“教练”。A.Coach教练；B.Captain队长；C.Officer军官；D.Professor教授。根据后文“betweenthecoachwithoneleginawheelchairandhisdreamofbeingacoach”可知，学生开始称呼他为教练。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最后一堂课上，Berdun解释了他是如何在13岁时在家乡被一辆卡车撞到而失去一条腿的。A.pretended假装；B.explored探索；C.tracked跟踪；D.explained解释。根据后文“howhelosthislegatage13afterbeinghitbyatruckinhishometown”可知，他在解释自己是如何失去了自己的腿的。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他吃惊的是，在问了他几个问题之后，他们迫不及待地继续做篮球训练。A.disappointment失望；B.surprise惊讶；C.excitement激动；D.sadness悲伤。根据后文“afteraskinghimseveralquestions,theycouldn’twaittogoondoingbasketballpractices”可知，学生问了问题就迫不及待地继续做篮球训练，这让他吃惊，故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们似乎很快就忘记了我的残疾。”Berdun说。A.cared关心；B.forgot忘记；C.talked谈话；D.thought认为。根据上文学生投入篮球训练，可知他们似乎忘记了教练的残疾。