福建省龙岩市2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省龙岩市2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AZooTeenProgram—BrevardZooOurSummerVolunTEENProgramisa10-week-,10-day-minimumopportunitythatrunsfromMaythroughearlyAugust.WewelcomeZooTeenstovolunteermorethanoncepermonthiftheyareavailable.AllZooTeensmustbebetweentheagesof13and16onJanuary1oftheyearoftheirprogramandhaveaninterestinanimals,theenvironment,andworkingwithguests.ZOOTEENCOMMITMENT(承诺)Onceaccepted,ZooTeensmust:*completetheinitialtrainingprogramandpassabackgroundcheck*passafinalexamwithascoreofatleast80%*volunteeratleast20hoursduringMayandAugust,andanadditionalfivehoursduringJuneandJuly*attend7outof10assigned(指定的)SaturdayorSundayvolunteerdays(weekendassignmentsarenotrequiredinJuneandJuly)*attendatleastoneprotectioneventperyear*assistwithatleastonespecialeventperyearHOWTOAPPLYTeensinterestedinthisprogrammustcompleteandpresentanapplication.Incompleteapplicationswillnotbereviewed.Applicationsarescoredequallyusingarubric(说明)—thisisatoolthatallowstheapplicantstoknowhoweachanswerwillbescored,andteensareencouragedtoturntotherubricontheapplicationwhileproducingtheirresponses.Thetop50-55applicantsareinterviewedinNovember;ofthese,about40teensareinvitedtojointheZooTeenprogram.AllapplicantsarecontactedinNovemberregardingtheirapplicationresult.1.WhatisrequiredofaZooTeen?A.Hemustbeatleast18yearsold.B.Hemusthavevolunteeringexperience.C.Hemustfinishtheinitialtrainingprogram.D.HemustvolunteeronweekendsinJuneandJuly.2.HowlongisaZooTeenexpectedtoworkduringJuneandJulyatleast?A.5hours. B.15hours. C.20hours. D.25hours.3.Whatareapplicantsrecommendedtodo?A.Presentadditionallettersofrecommendation.B.Includeadetailedintroductionoftheirpastwork.C.Providealistofallpreviousvolunteeringexperiences.D.Refertotherubricwhilefillingintheapplicationform.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了布里瓦德动物园的青少年志愿者计划信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“ZOOTEENCOMMITMENT(承诺)”中关键信息“*completetheinitialtrainingprogramandpassabackgroundcheck(*完成最初的培训计划并通过背景调查)”可知，志愿者必须完成最初的培训计划。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“ZOOTEENCOMMITMENT(承诺)”中关键信息“*volunteeratleast20hoursduringMayandAugust,andanadditionalfivehoursduringJuneandJuly(5月和8月至少做20个小时的志愿者，6月和7月再做5个小时)”可知，志愿者在六月和七月最少要工作25小时。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“HOWTOAPPLY”中关键信息“Applicationsarescoredequallyusingarubric(说明)—thisisatoolthatallowstheapplicantstoknowhoweachanswerwillbescored,andteensareencouragedtoturntotherubricontheapplicationwhileproducingtheirresponses.(应用程序使用标准评分——这是一个让申请人知道每个答案将如何得分的工具，并且鼓励青少年在制作他们的回答时使用应用程序上的标准评分)”可知，申请者被建议填写申请表时参阅评分说明。故选D。B“Tellmeyournamesandwhichyearofgraduateschoolyou’rein,”thevisitingspeakerasked.Mydiscomfortgrewaseveryoneelsegavetheiranswers.Whenmyturncame,IswallowedandsaidIwasinmysixthyear.“Ithinkitisthestudent’sproblemifshespendsover5yearsfinishingaPhD,”thespeakerreplied.Hiscommentwasthefinalshot.Rightfromthestartofgraduateschool,IhadbeenawarethattherequirementsofmydepartmentandmyadvisermightmakemyPhDtakelongerthanaverage.Studentsneedtopublishtwofirst-authorpaperstograduateandmyadviserrequireshisstudentstotaketheleadinallexperimentssowecanhavefullownershipofourworkanddevelopvariousscientifictechniques.Iwascomfortablewithtakinglongertobecomeanindependentscientist.MyadviserhadsomeprojectshewantedtohandleandIchoseonetoworkon,knowingIcoulddrawonhisexpertise(专业知识)andgainsupportfromlabmates.However,Iinvestigated10differenthypotheses(假说)—justtoproveeachadeadend.Eachtimetheonlychoicewastomakethenextlikelyhypothesisandstartoverinadifferentdirection.Thelackofprogresswaswearingmedown.Thencamethespeaker’scomment.Ibrokedownandwenttomyadviser.Hepointedoutthatoverthepast6yearsIhadmasteredmanydifficulttechniques.Mygrowingexpertisewascomparablewiththeverybest.IfIdidn’thavetheanswertomyresearchquestionyet,itwasbecauseofthecomplexity(复杂性)oftheanswer,notbecauseofpersonalweaknesses.Thisviewpointcalmedme.Ithelpedmepushforwardwithdeterminationandwillpower.Undermyadviser’scontinuedguidanceandsupport,IhitonahypothesisthatworkedoutandIgraduatedfinally.LookingbackonmyPhDlife,IrealizedmanygraduatestudentswereinthesameboatasIwas.IwishIcouldtellthemwhatIcametolearn:Noone’sPhDjourneyisthesame;allweneedtodoissticktoit.4.Whatcontributedtotheauthor’slonger-than-averagePhDjourney?A.Thecomplexprojectshe’dworkedon.B.Herlackofdesiretocompletetheresearch.C.Herpoorunderstandingofscientifictechniquesandskills.D.Thehighstandardssetbythedepartmentandtheadviser.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorthroughouttheresearchprocess?A.Sheturnedadeafeartoothers’advice.B.Shelackedtalentforscientificresearch.C.Shemetwithmanystrugglesandfailures.D.Sheeasilygaveupwhenfacedwithchallenges.6.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’sadviser?A.Unhelpful. B.Supportive. C.Thoughtful. D.Demanding.7.Whatlessoncanwedrawfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.AlltheroadsleadtoRome. B.Wellbegunishalfdone.C.Slowandsteadywinstherace. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者攻读博士学位的艰难经历告诉我们成功属于坚持不懈的人。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Rightfromthestartofgraduateschool,IhadbeenawarethattherequirementsofmydepartmentandmyadvisermightmakemyPhDtakelongerthanaverage.Studentsneedtopublishtwofirst-authorpaperstograduateandmyadviserrequireshisstudentstotaketheleadinallexperimentssowecanhavefullownershipofourworkanddevelopvariousscientifictechniques.(从研究生院开始，我就意识到我的部门和我的导师的要求可能会使我的博士学位比平均时间要长。学生需要发表两篇第一作者论文才能毕业，我的导师要求他的学生在所有实验中都发挥带头作用，这样我们就可以对我们的工作有充分的所有权，并开发各种科学技术。)”可知，是院系和导师制定的高标准促成了作者比一般人更长的博士之旅。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Eachtimetheonlychoicewastomakethenextlikelyhypothesisandstartoverinadifferentdirection.Thelackofprogresswaswearingmedown.(每次唯一的选择就是做出下一个可能的假设，然后从不同的方向重新开始。缺乏进展使我精疲力竭)”可知，在整个研究过程中作者遇到了许多困难和失败。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Hepointedoutthatoverthepast6yearsIhadmasteredmanydifficulttechniques.Mygrowingexpertisewascomparablewiththeverybest.IfIdidn’thavetheanswertomyresearchquestionyet,itwasbecauseofthecomplexity(复杂性)oftheanswer,notbecauseofpersonalweaknesses.Thisviewpointcalmedme.Ithelpedmepushforwardwithdeterminationandwillpower.Undermyadviser’scontinuedguidanceandsupport,IhitonahypothesisthatworkedoutandIgraduatedfinally.(他指出，在过去的6年里，我掌握了许多高难度的技术。我不断增长的专业知识可以与最好的相媲美。如果我还没有找到我研究问题的答案，那是因为答案太复杂，而不是因为我个人的弱点。这个观点使我平静下来。它帮助我以决心和意志力向前推进。在导师的不断指导和支持下，我想出了一个可行的假说，最终毕业了)”可知，导师给予作者鼓励、帮助和支持。B选项“Supportive(给予帮助的，支持的，鼓励的)”最能描述作者的导师。故选B项。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文内容，尤其根据文章最后一段“LookingbackonmyPhDlife,IrealizedmanygraduatestudentswereinthesameboatasIwas.IwishIcouldtellthemwhatIcametolearn:Noone’sPhDjourneyisthesame;allweneedtodoissticktoit.(回顾我的博士生涯，我意识到很多研究生都和我一样。我希望我能告诉他们我来这里的目的：没有人的博士之旅是相同的；我们要做的就是坚持下去)”可知，作者通过他读博的经历告诉我们坚持的重要性，所以C选项“稳扎稳打赢得比赛”符合题意。故选C项。CFollowingitsmoveintopodcasting(播客)twoyearsago,streamingplatformSpotifystartedanaudiobook(有声书)business.Thoughithasyettostartmakingitsownrecordings,lastautumnitmadeadealfor200,000audiobookstobeavailabletoitsVIPusers.Nottobebeaten,Amazon-ownedAudible,whichhadbeenusedtobeingthemarketleader,uppeditsgame,hiringOscar-winningdirectorSamMendestorecordmulti-voiceversions(版本)ofDickens’novelsOliverTwistandDavidCopperfield,andannouncinglastmonththatithadreachedanagreementforarecordingofJ.K.Rowling’sHarryPotterseries,voicedbymorethan100actorsandfeaturinga“groundbreakingnewsoundscape”.Dramatisedaudiobooksarenotanentirelynewphenomenon.Theuseofmultiplevoicesmadethemaccessibletoreaderswhomightnothavehadthepatienceforthewrittenversions.Forexample,GeorgeSaunders’sLincolnintheBardo,whichsurroundedthedeadsonofAbrahamLincolnwithagroupofspiritvoices,becameagreatgameof“spotthebigname”.Evensingle-voicereadingscansignificantlychangeliteratureinwhichstyleisattheheart.LucyEllmann’shitDucks,Newburyport,isacaseinpoint:athousandstreamofanOhiowoman’sthoughts,writteninasinglesentence.Itunfoldsonaudioasa45-hourmonologue(独白),whichisnotthesamethingatall,ifonlybecauseanactorneedstobreathe.Tosaythataudioversionsaredifferentdoesnotmeantheyarenotasgoodasprintedtexts,asbrainscans(扫描)haveshownthattheyexcitethesamepartsofthebrain.Additionally,listeningtostoriesmakesheartsbeatstrongerthanwatchingthem,accordingtoalateststudy.Forpeoplewithdyslexia(阅读障碍),theycanevenbealifeline—astheycanbeforthosewhodonothavetimefor,orthehabitof,readingbooks.Sowhilewecelebratewhataudiobookshaveincommonwiththeirprintedversions—bothenablethebraintocreateitsownpicturesinaworldwherepre-producedimagestoooftendoalltheworkforus—weshouldalsorecognizethattheyaretranslationsintoadifferentmedium,evenwhenreadbytheauthorsthemselves.Whatiscertainisthatthereisroomforboth.8.WhatstrategydidAudibleusetomaintainitsmarketleaderposition?A.Creatingitsownprize-winningaudiobookcontent.B.Focusingonsingle-voiceaudiobookproductions.C.Offeringlow-pricedaudiobookstoitsnewcustomers.D.Invitingawell-knowndirectortorecordclassicnovels.9.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheeffectsofdifferentversionsofaudiobooks?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bysharingreaders’experiences.C.Bypresentingdata. D.Byreferringtoexperts’words.10.Whatisthepurposeofthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Toshowtheadvantagesofaudiobooks.B.Tocompareaudiobookswithprintedtexts.C.Toinformreadersoffindingsaboutaudiobooks.D.Tostressaudiobooks’valueintreatingdyslexia.11.Whatistheauthor’sviewonthefutureofaudiobooksandprintedtexts?A.Itdependsonthechoicesofreaders.B.Bothofthemholdthefutureofreading.C.Audiobookpopularityisnotexpectedtolast.D.Audiobookswilleventuallyreplaceprintedtexts.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，文章讨论了有声书的兴起及其与印刷书籍的差异，强调两者各有优势，未来将共存。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Nottobebeaten,Amazon-ownedAudible,whichhadbeenusedtobeingthemarketleader,uppeditsgame,hiringOscar-winningdirectorSamMendestorecordmulti-voiceversions(版本)ofDickens’novelsOliverTwistandDavidCopperfield,andannouncinglastmonththatithadreachedanagreementforarecordingofJ.K.Rowling’sHarryPotterseries,voicedbymorethan100actorsandfeaturinga“groundbreakingnewsoundscape”.(亚马逊旗下的Audible公司也不甘被打败，它一直以来都是市场的领导者。该公司也提升了自己的水平，聘请了奥斯卡获奖导演萨姆·门德斯为狄更斯的小说《雾都孤儿》和《大卫·科波菲尔》录制多声部版本，并于上月宣布与J.K.罗琳的《哈利·波特》系列唱片达成协议，由100多名演员配音，并以“突破性的新音景”为特色)”可知，Audible公司邀请了知名导演录制经典小说来保持市场领先地位。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Forexample,GeorgeSaunders’sLincolnintheBardo,whichsurroundedthedeadsonofAbrahamLincolnwithagroupofspiritvoices,becameagreatgameof“spotthebigname”.(例如，乔治·桑德斯的《林肯在中阴界》中，亚伯拉罕·林肯死去的儿子被一群灵魂的声音包围，成为一个伟大的“发现大人物”的游戏)”及第四段“LucyEllmann’shitDucks,Newburyport,isacaseinpoint:athousandstreamofanOhiowoman’sthoughts,writteninasinglesentence.Itunfoldsonaudioasa45-hourmonologue(独白),whichisnotthesamethingatall,ifonlybecauseanactorneedstobreathe.(露西·埃尔曼的热门作品《鸭子，纽伯里波特》就是一个很好的例子：一个俄亥俄女人用一句话写了一千页的思想流。它以一段45小时的音频独白展开，这完全不是一回事，因为演员需要呼吸)”可知，作者通过具体案例呈现有声书的效果。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Tosaythataudioversionsaredifferentdoesnotmeantheyarenotasgoodasprintedtexts,asbrainscans(扫描)haveshownthattheyexcitethesamepartsofthebrain.Additionally,listeningtostoriesmakesheartsbeatstrongerthanwatchingthem,accordingtoalateststudy.Forpeoplewithdyslexia(阅读障碍),theycanevenbealifeline—astheycanbeforthosewhodonothavetimefor,orthehabitof,readingbooks.(说音频版本不同并不意味着它们不如印刷文本好，因为脑部扫描显示，它们刺激的是大脑的相同部分。此外，根据一项最新研究，听故事比看故事更能让人心跳加快。对于有阅读障碍的人来说，他们甚至可以成为生命线——就像他们可以成为那些没有时间或没有读书习惯的人一样)”可知，本段展示了有声读物的优势。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sowhilewecelebratewhataudiobookshaveincommonwiththeirprintedversions—bothenablethebraintocreateitsownpicturesinaworldwherepre-producedimagestoooftendoalltheworkforus—weshouldalsorecognizethattheyaretranslationsintoadifferentmedium,evenwhenreadbytheauthorsthemselves.Whatiscertainisthatthereisroomforboth.(因此，当我们庆祝有声书与纸质书的共同之处时——两者都能让大脑在一个预先制作的图像经常为我们做所有工作的世界里创造自己的图像——我们也应该认识到，它们被翻译成一种不同的媒介，即使是作者自己读的。可以肯定的是，两者都有发展空间)”可知，作者认为有声书和纸质书都掌握着阅读的未来。故选B。DThepleasurepeoplegetfromapieceofmusichasbeenlinkedtoitseffectsonouremotionalresponsesandabilitytoformsocialconnections.Thedegreeofenjoymentdiffersfrompersontoperson,butlittleisknownaboutwhy.Toseeifgenetics(遗传学)canaccountforit,GiacomoBignardiattheMaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguisticsintheNetherlandsandhiscolleaguesconductedanewstudy.Theresearcherslookedatmorethan9,000twinsfromtheSwedishTwinRegistry.About3,400wereidentical(同卵的)and5,600non-identical.Theformersharethesamegenome(基因组),whilenon-identicaltwinsshareonlyhalftheirgenomes,whichenabledtheresearcherstodeterminetheeffectsofgenesthroughcomparison.Besides,allthetwinsinthestudywereraisedinthesamehouseholdsandsogrewupwithsimilarenvironmentalinfluences.Thismadeiteasiertosortoutgeneticcontributions.TheresearchersgotthetwinstocompletetheBarcelonaMusicRewardQuestionnaire,whichfocusedonhowmuchpleasuretheygetfrommusic.Forexample,theywereaskedtheextenttowhichtheyagreedwithstatementssuchas“whenIsharemusicwithsomeoneIfeelaspecialconnectionwiththatperson”and“inmyfreetimeIhardlylistentomusic”.Theresultshowedthatgenesseemtoplayasignificantroleininfluencinghowmuchpleasuremusicbrings,withtheidenticaltwinsbeingmorethantwiceassimilarinthisfeatureasthenon-identicalones.“Whileit’sfairlyunderstandablethatmusicalabilitymighthaveageneticbasis,whichprovidesaneasyexplanationforwhysomepeopleseemtohaveatalentformusic,it’sobscurethatthedegreeofpleasurefromlisteningtomusicisinfluencedbygenes,soitisinspiringthatthestudyfindsthiseffect,”saysPeterHarrisonattheUniversityofCambridge.However,NickCollinsatDurhamUniversity,UKthinksdifferently.“Certainmusicalabilitiesandpreferencesmaybeinfluencedbygenetics,buttherearealargenumberofculturalelementsinmusicdevelopmentthatarenotaddressedbygeneticsalone,”hesays.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Howtwinscontributetotheprogressofgeneticresearch.B.Whytheresearcherschosethetwinsasresearchsubjects.C.Whatmakesthenewstudydifferentfrompreviousones.D.Whatinspiredtheresearcherstoconductthenewstudy.13.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A.Thesecretofmusicaltalentliesinourgenes.B.Ourgenesdeterminewhatkindofmusicwelike.C.Ourgenescaninfluencehowmuchweenjoymusic.D.Thepleasurethatdifferentpeoplegetfrommusicvariesgreatly.14.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“obscure”inparagraph4?A.easytoconclude. B.reasonabletoassume.C.impossibletoprove. D.difficulttosee.15.WhatisNickCollins’attitudetowardstheresearchfinding?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Supportive. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项关于基因对人们从音乐中获得快乐的影响的研究。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theresearcherslookedatmorethan9,000twinsfromtheSwedishTwinRegistry.About3,400wereidentical(同卵的)and5,600non-identical.Theformersharethesamegenome(基因组),whilenon-identicaltwinsshareonlyhalftheirgenomes,whichenabledtheresearcherstodeterminetheeffectsofgenesthroughcomparison.Besides,allthetwinsinthestudywereraisedinthesamehouseholdsandsogrewupwithsimilarenvironmentalinfluences.Thismadeiteasiertosortoutgeneticcontributions.(研究人员观察了瑞典双胞胎登记处的9000多名双胞胎。其中大约3400对是同卵双胞胎，5600对是异卵双胞胎。前者拥有相同的基因组，而异卵双胞胎只共享一半的基因组，这使得研究人员能够通过比较来确定基因的影响。此外，研究中的所有双胞胎都在同一个家庭中长大，因此成长环境相似。这使得区分基因的贡献变得更容易。)”可知，研究人员选择双胞胎作为研究对象是因为他们可以通过比较同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎的基因差异来确定基因的影响；由此可知，从第二段可以了解为什么研究人员选择双胞胎作为研究对象。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theresultshowedthatgenesseemtoplayasignificantroleininfluencinghowmuchpleasuremusicbrings,withtheidenticaltwinsbeingmorethantwiceassimilarinthisfeatureasthenon-identicalones.(结果表明，基因似乎在影响音乐带来的快乐程度方面发挥着重要作用，同卵双胞胎在这一特征上的相似性是非同卵双胞胎的两倍多。)”可知，这项新研究的发现是我们的基因可以影响我们从音乐中获得多少快乐。故选C。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Whileit’sfairlyunderstandablethatmusicalabilitymighthaveageneticbasis,whichprovidesaneasyexplanationforwhysomepeopleseemtohaveatalentformusic.(虽然音乐能力可能有遗传基础是相当容易理解的，这为为什么有些人似乎有音乐天赋提供了一个简单的解释。)可知，“obscure”所在的部分与上文是转折关系，上文说音乐能力有遗传基础是容易理解的，那么可推测出“obscure”的意思应该是“不容易看出”或“难以察觉”。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Certainmusicalabilitiesandpreferencesmaybeinfluencedbygenetics,buttherearealargenumberofculturalelementsinmusicdevelopmentthatarenotaddressedbygeneticsalone.(某些音乐能力和偏好可能受到遗传学的影响，但在音乐发展中存在大量文化元素，这些元素并非仅由遗传学所能解释。)”可知，NickCollins认为这项研究结果有疑点，即他对此持怀疑态度。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimes,it’sgoodtobebored“Iamdyingofboredom,”complainstheyoungwifeYelenainChekhov’s1897playUncleVanya.Ofcourse,ifYelenawerearoundtoday,weknowwhatshewoulddo:pullouthersmartphoneandfindsomethingfun.Todayitiseasytogetridofboredom.____16____Thatisthefindingoftwofascinatingrecentstudies.Inone,researchersaskedsubjectstodosomethingboring,likecopyingoutnumbersfromaphonebook,andthentaketestsofcreativethinkings.Theresult?____17____Inthesecondstudy,subjectsgavemoreanswerstoawordtestthananon-boredcontrolgroupafterbeingforcedtowatchadullscreensaver.“Anrestlessmindhungersforstimulation,soboredombecomesaseekingstate,”saysSandiMann,thepsychologistattheUniversityofCentralLancashire.“____18____”Parentswilltellyouthatkidswith“nothingtodo”willeventuallyinventsomefungamestoplay—withacardboardbox,alightswitch,whatever.Theproblem,theresearchersworry,isthatthesedayswedon’tstruggletoovercometheseslowmoments.“___19___”Mannsays.“Thismightrelieveustemporarily,butitshutsdownthedeeperthinking.”Sohereisanidea:Insteadofalwaysavoidingboredom,embraceandfaceit.Sometimes,anyway.Mannhasfoundshegetssomeofherbestthinkingdonewhensheisdrivinghercarandthereforecan’tbedistractedbyherphone.____20____Thegoodtypeinspiresyoutoseewhatcancomeofit.Thebadtype,incontrast,tiresyouandmakesyoufeellikeyoucan’tbebotheredtodoanything.Animportantpartofourmoderntask,then,islearningtoevaluatethesedifferenttypesofboredom—todistinguishtheusefulkindfromtheharmfulone.A.Andthereis,ofcourse,badboredom.B.Boredsubjectscameupwithmorecreativeideas.C.Butwhatifboredomisameaningfulexperience?D.Thesemomentsarealotmorevaluablethanexpected.E.Actually,tipsongettingawayfromboredomarecountless.F.Wetrytokilleverymomentofboredomwithmobiledevices.G.Whennotsatisfiedwithyourstate,you’reseekingandengaged.【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.F20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了无聊的好处，两项研究发现无聊可以激发创造力，并提出我们应该学会区分好的无聊和糟糕的无聊。【16题详析】上文提到““Iamdyingofboredom,”complainstheyoungwifeYelenainChekhov’s1897playUncleVanya.

Ofcourse,ifYelenawerearoundtoday,weknowwhatshewoulddo:pullouthersmartphoneandfindsomethingfun.Todayitiseasytogetridofboredom.(在契诃夫1897年的戏剧《万尼亚叔叔》中，年轻的妻子叶莲娜抱怨道：“我无聊得要死。”当然，如果叶莲娜在今天，我们知道她会做什么：拿出她的智能手机，找一些有趣的事情。今天摆脱无聊很容易)”指出人们讨厌无聊，总是想摆脱无聊。C项“Butwhatifboredomisameaningfulexperience?(但如果无聊是一种有意义的体验呢?)”与上文构成转折关系，引出下文两项研究的新发现：无聊可以激发创造力，同时C项中“boredomisameaningfulexperience”与下文中“That”构成指代关系。故选C。【17题详析】上文“Inone,researchersaskedsubjectstodosomethingboring,likecopyingoutnumbersfromaphonebook,andthentaketestsofcreativethinkings.Theresult?(在第一项研究中，研究人员让受试者做一些无聊的事情，比如从电话簿中抄录数字，然后进行创造性思维的测试。结果呢?)”提到一项关于创造性思维的研究并提出问题。B项“Boredsubjectscameupwithmorecreativeideas.(无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法)”回答问题给出答案，说明在这项研究中无聊的受试者提出了更多有创造性的想法，上下文语意连贯。故选B。【18题详析】上文提到“Anrestlessmindhungersforstimulation,soboredombecomesaseekingstate,(焦躁不安的头脑渴望刺激，因此无聊成为一种寻求的状态)”说明无聊会让人寻求新的东西。G项“Whennotsatisfiedwithyourstate,you’reseekingandengaged.(当你不满足于你的状态时，你就会去寻找和投入)”与上文语意一致，也是中央兰开夏大学的心理学家SandiMann的观点，说明无聊会激发人的探索和创新精神。同时下文“kidswith“nothingtodo”willeventuallyinventsomefungamestoplay—withacardboardbox,alightswitch,whatever.(“无事可做”的孩子们最终会发明一些有趣的游戏来玩——用纸板箱、电灯开关等等)”对此进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G。【19题详析】设空句和下文“Thismightrelieveustemporarily,butitshutsdownthedeeperthinking.(这可能会让我们暂时缓解无聊，但它会阻止我们更深层次的思考)”都是Mann的观点，根据下文中“Thismightrelieveustemporarily(这或许会让我们暂时放松)”可知，设空句会提到一种暂时缓解无聊的方法。F项“Wetrytokilleverymomentofboredomwithmobiledevices.(我们试图用移动设备打发无聊的每一刻)”中提出我们用移动设备打发无聊，与下文“This”构成指代关系，上下文语意连贯。故选F。【20题详析】下文“Thegoodtypeinspiresyoutoseewhatcancomeofit.Thebadtype,incontrast,tiresyouandmakesyoufeellikeyoucan’tbebotheredtodoanything.(好的类型激励你看到它（带来的好的）结果。相反，糟糕的类型会让你感到疲惫，让你觉得自己什么都懒得做)”提到两种不同类型的无聊。A项“Andthereis,ofcourse,badboredom.(当然，也有糟糕的无聊)”引出下文对两种无聊类型的对比和讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Edmondwasaschoolbusdriverfor22years.Onemorning,therainpouringdown,heandthebusmonitorValentinewerecalledto____21____astudentwhomissedthebus.What____22____themwasthatthestudentdidn’tappearwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace.EdmondandValentinedidn’texpecttheyhadalarger____23____toachieve.Justaroundthecorner,theyfoundtwochildren____24____intherushingfloodwaters.Theboyandthegirlwerestrugglingtoholdontoa____25____toavoidbeingsweptaway.EdmondandValentinecouldn’t____26____tosavethem,butneithercouldswim.Jumpingintoactionmeantputtingtheirown____27____ontheline.Sincethebuswasforspecialneedschildren,itwas____28____withremovableseatbelts.Theygota(n)____29____.Immediatelytheytiedtheseatbeltstogethersoasto_____30_____thechildren.Close-byneighborsadditionallygothereto_____31_____,andthegroupmadecombinedeffortsto_____32_____theboyandthegirlfromthetree.Theycreatedahumanchainand_____33_____thetiedbeltsoutuntilEdmondgotafirmholdonthechildrenandpulledthemtosafety.Thetwochildrenwere_____34_____toEdmond,givinghimabighug.Surroundingthem,everyonepresentwasfilledwithhappiness,thoughwetallover.Thisgreatrescueoperationwentviral(走红)onsocialmediaanddrewpraisefortheir_____35_____fromallquarters.21.A.lookafter B.sendfor C.pickup D.callon22.A.discouraged B.amused C.excited D.impressed23.A.dream B.goal C.success D.task24.A.diving B.playing C.stuck D.prepared25.A.tree B.belt C.seat D.bus26.A.offer B.wait C.pretend D.long27.A.lives B.future C.jobs D.family28.A.covered B.decorated C.filled D.equipped29.A.suggestion B.idea C.belief D.conclusion30.A.lock B.search C.reach D.hang31.A.help B.cheer C.respond D.watch32.A.protect B.tell C.free D.tear33.A.extended B.pushed C.threw D.kicked34.A.appealing B.grateful C.important D.close35.A.attitude B.description C.action D.fortune【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.C33.A34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天早上，大雨倾盆而下，他和班长瓦伦丁接到电话，去接一个错过公交车的学生。A.lookafter照顾；B.sendfor派人去请；C.pickup开车接；D.callon号召。根据上文“Edmondwasaschoolbusdriver”和下文“What________themwasthatthestudentdidn’tappearwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace.”可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让他们沮丧的是，他们到达指定地点时学生没有出现。A.discouraged使沮丧；B.amused被逗乐的；C.excited使激动；D.impressed使印象深刻。根据上文“therainpouringdown”和下文“thatthestudentdidn’tappearwhentheyreachedthespecifiedplace.”可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁没想到他们还有更大的任务要完成。A.dream梦想；B.goal目标；C.success成功；D.task任务。根据下文“Justaroundthecorner,theyfoundtwochildren________intherushingfloodwaters.”可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在拐角处，他们发现两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。A.diving潜水；B.playing玩耍；C.stuck陷住；D.prepared准备。根据下文“Theboyandthegirlwerestrugglingtoholdontoa________toavoidbeingsweptaway.”可知，男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走，由此表示两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走。A.tree树；B.belt腰带；C.seat座位；D.bus公交车。根据下文“thegroupmadecombinedeffortsto________theboyandthegirlfromthetree.”可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们，但他们都不会游泳。A.offer提供；B.wait等待；C.pretend假装；D.long期待。根据后文“tosavethem”和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。couldn’twaittodosth.意为“迫不及待地做某事”。故选B。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取行动意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。A.lives生命；B.future将来；C.jobs工作；D.family家庭。根据上文“butneithercouldswim”可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于这辆巴士是为有特殊需要的儿童而设计的，所以它配备了可拆卸的安全带。A.covered覆盖；B.decorated装饰；C.filled填充；D.equipped安装。根据上文“Sincethebuswasforspecialneedschildren”以及后文“withremovableseatbelts.”可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。A.suggestion建议；B.idea主意；C.belief信念；D.conclusion结论。根据下文“Immediatelytheytiedtheseatbeltstogethersoasto________thechildren.”可知，这是他们想到的主意，立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.lock锁；B.search寻找；C.reach到达，能伸到；D.hang悬挂。根据前文“theytiedtheseatbeltstogether”可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，一群人共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。A.help帮助；B.cheer欢呼；C.respond回应；D.watch观看。根据下文“thegroupmadecombinedeffortsto________theboyandtheg