2025年CMA财务规划与分析模拟卷及答案解析

2025年CMA财务规划与分析模拟卷及答案解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分：选择题（每题2分，共40分）1.Whichofthefollowingistypicallyconsideredafixedcostintheshortrunforamanufacturingcompany?A.CostofrawmaterialsB.DepreciationonfactoryequipmentC.WagesofproductionlinesupervisorsD.Utilitycostsforthefactory2.Theprimarypurposeofamasterbudgetisto:A.EvaluatetheperformanceofdifferentdepartmentsB.ServeasabasisforplanningandcontrolactivitiesC.DeterminetheoptimalsellingpriceforproductsD.Calculatethecompany'sbreak-evenpoint3.Whichfinancialstatementispreparedprimarilyforexternalstakeholdersandshowsthecompany'sfinancialpositionataspecificpointintime?A.IncomeStatementB.StatementofCashFlowsC.StatementofRetainedEarningsD.BalanceSheet4.Acompanyusesthepercentage-of-salesmethodforbudgeting.Ifprojectedsalesfornextyearare$500,000andthebudgetedprofitmarginis20%,thebudgetednetincomewouldbe:A.$100,000B.$200,000C.$300,000D.$400,0005.Whichofthefollowingisacomponentofthebalancedscorecard?A.EBITDAB.ReturnonInvestment(ROI)C.CustomerSatisfactionD.DaysSalesOutstanding(DSO)6.Theprocessofevaluatingacompany'sperformanceagainstpredeterminedstandardsandtakingcorrectiveactionsifnecessaryisknownas:A.ForecastingB.BudgetingC.VarianceanalysisD.Strategicplanning7.Inacost-pluspricingstrategy,themarkuppercentageistypicallybasedon:A.CompetitiveanalysisB.MarketdemandC.Thecompany'sdesiredprofitmarginD.Historicalcostdata8.Whichinternalcontrolprincipleisdemonstratedwhenacompanyrequirestwosignaturesonchecksaboveacertainamount?A.SegregationofdutiesB.PhysicalcontrolsC.IndependentverificationD.Regularreconciliations9.Acompanyisconsideringwhethertoacceptaspecialorderthatwouldnotaffectitsregularsales.Therelevantcostsforthisdecisionwouldinclude:A.FixedmanufacturingoverheadB.SunkcostsC.OpportunitycostsD.Pastmarketingexpenses10.Whichofthefollowingfinancialratiosismostcommonlyusedtoassessacompany'sliquidity?A.Debt-to-EquityRatioB.InventoryTurnoverRatioC.CurrentRatioD.Price-to-EarningsRatio11.Acompanyusesactivity-basedcosting(ABC)andidentifiestwoactivities:settingupmachines(withatotalcostof$100,000)andinspectingproducts(withatotalcostof$60,000).Ifmachinesetupcostsaredrivenbythenumberofsetups(10,000setups)andinspectioncostsaredrivenbythenumberofinspections(5,000inspections),thesetupcostpersetupwouldbe:A.$10B.$20C.$50D.$6012.Thebudgetingmethodthatinvolvespreparingaseriesofbudgetsfordifferentlevelsofactivityisknownas:A.Zero-basedbudgetingB.RollingbudgetC.FlexiblebudgetD.Staticbudget13.Whichofthefollowingisalimitationofthebreak-evenanalysis?A.Itassumesthatallcostsarefixed.B.Itdoesnotconsiderthetimevalueofmoney.C.Itrequiresaccuratecostandrevenuedata.D.Itisdifficulttoapplyintheshortrun.14.Thestatementofcashflowsispreparedby:A.Deductingoperatingexpensesfromnetincome.B.Addingnon-cashexpensestonetincome.C.Subtractingcashdividendsfromnetincome.D.Summingupallcashinflowsandoutflowsduringtheperiod.15.WhichofthefollowingisakeyelementofinternalcontrolasdescribedbytheCOSOframework?A.ManagementbyobjectivesB.RiskassessmentC.BudgetvarianceanalysisD.Productpricingstrategy16.Acompany'scontributionmarginratiois40%.Ifthecompany'sfixedcostsare$200,000,thebreak-evenpointinsalesdollarswouldbe:A.$500,000B.$250,000C.$125,000D.$400,00017.Whichofthefollowingistypicallyincludedinthecontrolenvironmentofaninternalcontrolsystem?A.InternalauditfunctionB.Management'sphilosophyandoperatingstyleC.SegregationofdutiesD.Physicalcontrolsoverassets18.Theprocessofprojectingfuturefinancialstatementsbasedonhistoricaldataandassumptionsaboutfutureconditionsisknownas:A.BudgetingB.ForecastingC.StandardcostingD.Varianceanalysis19.Whichofthefollowingcostsisconsideredaproductcostinabsorptioncosting?A.SalescommissionB.AdministrativesalariesC.DirectmaterialsD.Interestexpense20.TheethicalprinciplethatrequiresCMAmemberstodiscloseallrelevantinformationinreportsandcommunicationsisknownas:A.ObjectivityB.ProfessionalcompetenceC.ConfidentialityD.Integrity第二部分：案例分析题（每题10分，共20分）CaseStudy1:ABCCompanyispreparingitsannualbudgetfornextyear.Thesalesbudgetforecasts$1,000,000insalesrevenue.Thecompany'scoststructureisasfollows:variablecostsare60%ofsales,andfixedcostsare$200,000.Thecompanyalsoincursannualinterestexpenseof$50,000.Thetaxrateis30%.要求：a.Calculatethebudgetedoperatingincome(EBIT)fornextyear.b.Whatisthebudgetednetincome?c.Ifthecompanywantstoachieveatargetnetincomeof$150,000,whatsalesrevenuewouldberequired?CaseStudy2:XYZCorporationusesastandardcostingsystem.Thestandardcostforoneunitofproductincludes2directlaborhoursatastandardrateof$15perhourand3poundsofdirectmaterialsatastandardpriceof$5perpound.Duringthemonth,thecompanyproduced1,000units.Actualdirectlaborhourswere2,100,andactualdirectmaterialsusedwere2,800poundsatatotalcostof$15,200.Actualdirectlaborcostwas$33,150.要求：a.Calculatethedirectlaborpricevarianceandefficiencyvariance.b.Calculatethedirectmaterialspricevarianceandefficiencyvariance.c.Explainthepossiblecausesforanyunfavorablevariancescalculated.试卷答案第一部分：选择题1.B2.B3.D4.A5.C6.C7.C8.A9.C10.C11.A12.C13.B14.D15.B16.A17.B18.B19.C20.D第二部分：案例分析题CaseStudy1:a.计算过程：$1,000,000(销售额)-($1,000,000*60%)(变动成本)-$200,000(固定成本)=$200,000预算损益(EBIT)为$200,000。b.计算过程：$200,000(EBIT)-$50,000(利息费用)=$150,000$150,000-($150,000*30%)(所得税)=$105,000预算净收入为$105,000。c.计算过程：(目标净收入/(1-税率))+利息费用+固定成本=销售额($150,000/(1-0.30))+$50,000+$200,000=销售额