2026年英语托福考试模拟练习题

2026年英语托福考试模拟练习题阅读部分（40分钟，36题，每题1分）注意：以下题目基于科技、商业、文化类主题，结合中美、中欧对比，考察学术信息获取与推理能力。Section1：学术阅读（12题，12分）主题：人工智能在医疗领域的应用与伦理争议说明：每题1分，共12题。1.题型：细节题（1分）阅读段落：“ArecentstudybyHarvardMedicalSchoolindicatesthatAI-powereddiagnostictoolscanidentifyearly-stagetumorswith92%accuracy,surpassinghumanradiologistsincertaincases.However,criticsarguethatoverrelianceonAImayreduce医生与患者的直接沟通时间.”问题：WhatisthemainconcernaboutAIintumordetection?A)AImaylackemotionalintelligenceinpatientcare.B)AIcouldmisinterpretimagingdataduetoalgorithmbias.C)AImayreplacehumanradiologistsentirely.D)AIdiagnostictoolsaretooexpensivetoimplementglobally.答案：A解析：原文明确指出“reducedoctor-patientcommunicationtime”，即AI可能减少医患直接交流，对应选项A。2.题型：推理题（1分）阅读段落：“EuropeanregulatorsimposestricterdataprivacylawsonAImedicalsystemsthantheU.S.,requiringexplicitconsentfrompatientsfordatausage.Thisslowsdownadoptionbutenhancestrust.”问题：WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutEUvs.U.S.AIregulation?A)U.S.regulationsaremorelenientbutlesseffective.B)EU’sstrictrulesprioritizeethicalconcernsoverefficiency.C)AImedicalsystemsaremoreadvancedintheU.S.D)Patientprivacyisnotamajorissueineitherregion.答案：B解析：原文对比了“stricterlaws”和“enhancedtrust”，说明EU更注重伦理优先，选项B正确。3.题型：词汇题（1分）阅读段落：“Thealgorithm'sperformancedegradeswhentrainedonlimiteddatasets,leadingto'samplingbias.'Thisunderminesitsreliabilityindiversepopulations.”问题：Whatdoes'samplingbias'mostlikelymean?A)Unevendistributionoftrainingdata.B)AI’sinabilitytoprocesscomplexmedicalcases.C)Higherrorratesinclinicaltrials.D)Ethicalviolationsinpatientdatacollection.答案：A解析：上下文指出“limiteddatasets”导致问题，故samplingbias指训练数据分布不均。4.题型：结构题（1分）阅读段落：“First,AIcananalyzemedicalrecordsfasterthanhumans.Second,itreducesdiagnosticerrors.Third,itlowershealthcarecosts.However,challengesremain.”问题：Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A)TocriticizeAIforreplacinghumandoctors.B)TopresentabalancedviewofAIinmedicine.C)ToargueforuniversaladoptionofAIinhospitals.D)TocompareAIwithtraditionaldiagnosticmethods.答案：B解析：段落先列举优点（First,Second,Third），后转折提出问题（However），体现平衡分析。5.题型：主旨题（1分）阅读段落：“InGermany,AI-drivendrugdiscoveryacceleratesresearchbypredictingmolecularinteractions.Yet,pharmaceuticalcompaniesstillpreferhumanchemistsforfinalapprovalsduetoregulatoryrisks.”问题：Whatisthecentraltheme?A)AIcannotfullyreplacehumanexpertiseindrugdevelopment.B)EuropeancountrieslagbehindtheU.S.inAImedicalinnovation.C)AIimprovesefficiencybutraisesnewethicalquestions.D)GermanhealthcaresystemsaremoreadvancedthanU.S.ones.答案：C解析：核心矛盾是“AIefficiencyvs.humanoversight”，强调技术进步与伦理并存。6.题型：否定题（1分）阅读段落：“A2024reportbyMITfoundthatAImisdiagnosesskincancer3%ofthetime,aratehigherthanhumandermatologistsincertainscenarios.Thishighlightstheneedforhumanreview.”问题：WhatdoesthepassageNOTsuggest?A)AIislessreliablethanhumandoctorsinallcases.B)AIshouldbeusedasasupplementarytool.C)Humandermatologistsareflawlessindiagnosis.D)AIerrorsaremorecommoninrareskinconditions.答案：C解析：原文仅指出AI有3%错误率，未评价人类医生的完美性，选项C错误。7.题型：细节题（1分）阅读段落：“InJapan,roboticsurgeonsassisthumandoctorswithprecisiontasks,buttheycannotoperateindependentlyduetosafetyconcerns.Thishybridapproachbalancesinnovationandcaution.”问题：HowdoJapanesehospitalsuseAIsurgeons?A)Fullyautomatedforminorsurgeries.B)Asassistantsforcomplexprocedures.C)Onlyinexperimentalclinicaltrials.D)Replacedbytraditionaltoolsafterinitialtrials.答案：B解析：原文明确“assisthumandoctorswithprecisiontasks”，即辅助角色。8.题型：对比题（1分）阅读段落：“WhileU.S.hospitalsinvestheavilyinAIforbilling,Europeanclinicsfocusondiagnosticapplications.Theformerimprovesadministrativeefficiency,butthelatterenhancespatientoutcomes.”问题：WhatisthekeydifferencebetweenU.S.andEUAIstrategies?A)U.S.prioritizescostsavings,EUprioritizesethics.B)U.S.usesAImorethanEU.C)AIintheU.S.islessadvanced.D)EuropeanpatientsresistAItreatments.答案：A解析：美国侧重“billing”，欧洲侧重“diagnostics”，体现不同目标。9.题型：推断题（1分）阅读段落：“AstudyinSingaporerevealedthatmultilingualAImodelsoutperformmonolingualonesinpatientcommunication.Thisiscrucialinmulticulturalhealthcaresettings.”问题：Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?A)SingaporehasmorehealthcareAIthanothercountries.B)LanguagediversitycomplicatesAIimplementation.C)MultilingualAIimprovesaccessibility.D)MonolingualAIisuselessinglobalclinics.答案：C解析：研究强调“multilingualmodels”优势，暗示其提升沟通效果。10.题型：逻辑题（1分）阅读段落：“IfAIreducesdiagnosticerrors,thenhealthcarequalityimproves.However,ifAIdataisbiased,itsbenefitsarediminished.”问题：Whatistheauthor'sargument?A)AIisunnecessarywithoutunbiaseddata.B)AI’simpactdependsondataquality.C)HumandoctorsareobsoleteintheageofAI.D)AIandhumancollaborationisinevitable.答案：B解析：段落用“if-then”结构说明“数据偏见”影响AI效果，即质量依赖数据。11.题型：主旨题（1分）阅读段落：“China’sAIhealthcarestartupsaregrowingrapidly,butfacechallengesinintegratingwithlegacysystems.U.S.giantslikeIBMWatsondominatethemarket,yettheirsolutionsaretoocomplexforsmallclinics.”问题：Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A)AIhealthcaredisparitiesbetweenChinaandtheU.S.B)ThelimitationsofAIindevelopingcountries.C)WhyIBMWatsonisfailinginEurope.D)TheneedforuniversalAIhealthcarestandards.答案：A解析：对比中美市场问题，核心是“发展不平衡”。12.题型：否定题（1分）阅读段落：“A2025reportbyOECDsuggeststhatAIreducespaperworkfornursesbutincreasesburnoutduetoconstantmonitoringbyalgorithms.”问题：WhatdoesthepassageNOTstate?A)AIimprovesnursingefficiency.B)AIenhancespatientcare.C)AImonitoringcausesstress.D)AIcannotfullyautomatehealthcaretasks.答案：B解析：原文未提“AI提升患者护理”，仅说“reducespaperwork”和“burnout”，选项B无依据。Section2：学术阅读（10题，10分）主题：全球化背景下欧洲文化政策的演变说明：每题1分，共10题。13.题型：细节题（1分）阅读段落：“TheEuropeanUnion’s'CulturalDiversity'directivemandatesthatatleast25%offilmsscreenedinmemberstatesmustbefromnon-EUcountries.ThispolicyaimstocounterHollywood’sdominance.”问题：Whatisthegoalofthedirective?A)Toincreaseboxofficerevenues.B)Topromoteinternationalfilmexchanges.C)ToreplaceHollywoodwithEUfilms.D)TotaxAmericanstudios.答案：B解析：原文明确“counterHollywood’sdominance”，即促进国际交流。14.题型：推理题（1分）阅读段落：“France’s'CinematicLaw'(LoideBoulogne)subsidizeslocalfilmmakersbutrestrictsforeignfilmstoprotectnationalculture.Criticsarguethisharmsartisticfreedom.”问题：WhatisthepotentialdownsideofFrance’spolicy?A)Higherticketpricesfordomesticfilms.B)ReducedcreativityinFrenchcinema.C)EUsanctionsagainstFrance.D)IncreasedunemploymentinHollywood.答案：B解析：原文提到“artisticfreedom”受损，暗示限制影响创意。15.题型：词汇题（1分）阅读段落：“Theterm'culturalimperialism'describeshowglobalmediacorporationsimposeWesternvaluesondevelopingnations.TheEUseekstomitigatethisthroughits'MediaFreedomAct'.”问题：Whatdoes'culturalimperialism'imply?A)Culturalexchangebetweennations.B)DominanceofWesterncultureglobally.C)Protectionoflocaltraditions.D)Governmentfundingforfilmmakers.答案：B解析：上下文定义“imposeWesternvalues”，即西方文化主导。16.题型：结构题（1分）阅读段落：“First,theEUfundsculturalprogramsinEasternEurope.Second,itpromotesminoritylanguages.Third,itorganizesinternationalartfestivals.However,fundingcutsthreatentheseinitiatives.”问题：Whatistheauthor’stone?A)Supportiveofculturalpolicies.B)CriticalofEUinefficiency.C)Indifferenttoculturaldiversity.D)Skepticaloflong-termsustainability.答案：D解析：先列举成就，后转折指出“fundingcuts”，暗示担忧。17.题型：主旨题（1分）阅读段落：“Spain’sregionalgovernmentsinvestheavilyinfolkartstopreservetraditions.Italy’sapproachissimilar,focusingonoperaandRenaissanceheritage.Bothnationsresistglobalculturalhomogenization.”问题：Whatisthecentralidea?A)SouthernEuropeancountriesareculturallyrich.B)Nationalidentityshapesculturalpolicies.C)EUdirectivesareineffectiveinSpain.D)Operaismoreprofitablethanfolkarts.答案：B解析：对比两国政策，强调“国家认同”影响。18.题型：否定题（1分）阅读段落：“A2024EUreportfoundthatculturalsubsidiesboosttourisminsmalltowns.However,somearguethatthesefundsshouldbeallocatedtoeducationinstead.”问题：WhatdoesthepassageNOTclaim?A)Culturalpolicieshaveeconomicbenefits.B)TourismisdeclininginruralEurope.C)Educationismoreimportantthanculture.D)Subsidiesimprovelocaleconomies.答案：B解析：原文未提“旅游业下降”，仅讨论分配问题。19.题型：细节题（1分）阅读段落：“TheNetherlands’'CreativeCitiesNetwork'partnerswithUNESCOtoprotecttraditionalcrafts.CitieslikeBrugesandAmsterdamreceivegrantsforculturalpreservationprojects.”问题：WhatdoestheNetherlandsdodifferently?A)Itbansforeignfilmmakers.B)Itcollaborateswithinternationalorganizations.C)Itprioritizestechoverculture.D)Itignoresruralculturalheritage.答案：B解析：原文明确“partnerswithUNESCO”，即国际合作。20.题型：逻辑题（1分）阅读段落：“Ifculturalpoliciessucceed,thennationalidentitystrengthens.However,ifthesepoliciesaretoorestrictive,theymayprovokebacklashfromyoungergenerations.”问题：Whatistheauthor’scaution?A)Culturalpoliciesshouldbeuniversal.B)Overregulationcanharmsociety.C)Youngpeopledislikeheritagepreservation.D)EUdirectivesareunnecessary.答案：B解析：段落强调“restrictivepolicies”可能引发反弹，即平衡性。21.题型：推断题（1分）阅读段落：“Portugal’sgovernmentrecentlyapprovedalawtodigitizeitsnationallibrary,butcriticsfearthiswillleadtopaperbooksdisappearing.Thedebatehighlightstensionsbetweentraditionandmodernity.”问题：Whatcanbeinferred?A)Portugalhasnotraditionallibraries.B)Digitalizationthreatensculturalheritage.C)EUlawsalwaysdividesociety.D)Youngpeopleprefere-booksoverphysicalbooks.答案：B解析：原文提及“criticsfearpaperbookswilldisappear”，暗示担忧数字化冲击传统。22.题型：主旨题（1分）阅读段落：“TheUK’s'CreativeIndustriesStrategy'focusesontourismrevenuefromculturalattractions.Germany,however,prioritizesartisticinnovationovercommercialsuccess.Thesedivergentapproachesreflectnationalpriorities.”问题：Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A)DifferencesinculturalfundingbetweenUKandGermany.B)ThefailureofBritishtourismpolicies.C)WhyGermanyignoresculturalheritage.D)TheroleofUNESCOinEuropeanculture.答案：A解析：对比两国策略差异，核心是“国家优先级不同”。写作部分（50分钟，2题，每题2分）IntegratedWriting（20分钟，2分）题目：阅读文章观点：欧盟提议通过税收优惠鼓励企业投资可再生能源技术，但要求员工接受再培训。听力反驳观点：一位工程师指出，税收优惠不足以解决行业转型问题，因为能源公司更关注短期利润，且再培训计划缺乏针对性。写作任务：“Writearesponseinwhichyoucompareandcontrastthepointsandpositionsinthereadingpassageandthelisteningpassage.”参考范文：ThereadingpassageandthelisteningpassagepresentdifferingperspectivesontheEU’sproposaltoincentivizerenewableenergyinvestment.Whilethereadingsuggeststhattaxincentivesandemployeeretrainingwilladdressthetransitiontogreenenergy,thelisteningdisputesthis,arguingthatsuchmeasuresareinsufficientduetocorporateshort-termismandinadequatetrainingprograms.ThereadingpassagesupportstheEU’splanbyemphasizingtheimportanceofeconomicincentives.Itclaimsthattaxbreakswillencouragecompaniestoadoptrenewabletechnologies,whichisessentialforenvironmentalsustainability.Additionally,theproposalincludesretrainingprogramstohelpworkersadapttonewindustries.Thisdualapproachisportrayedasabalancedsolutiontobotheconomicandsocialchallenges.Incontrast,thelisteningpassagecritiquesthereading’soptimism.Theengineerexplainsthatenergycompaniesprioritizeprofitabilityoverlong-termsustainability,meaningtheywillnotinvestinrenewablesunlessforcedbystricterregulations.Furthermore,theretrainingprogramsaredeemedineffectivebecausetheydonotaddressthespecificskillsneededinthegreenenergysector.Theengineerwarnsthatwithoutmorerobustmeasures,thetransitionwillremainincomplete.Insummary,thereadingpassagepresentsahopefulvisionofpolicy-drivenchange,whilethelisteningpassagehighlightspracticalobstacles.TheEU’staxincentivesandretrainingarewelcomesteps,buttheyrequirecomplementarypoliciestoovercomecorporateresistanceandensureasuccessfultransition.IndependentWriting（30分钟，2分）题目：“Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldspendmoremoneyonimprovingroadsandhighwaysthanonpublictransportation.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?”参考范文：Whileroadsandhighwaysarevitalforpersonalmobilityandeconomicgrowth,governmentsshouldprioritizepublictransportationoverroadconstruction.Modernurbandevelopmentrequiresabalancedapproach,butthebenefitsofpublictransit—suchasreducedtrafficcongestion,environmentalsustainability,andaccessibility—outweighthoseofhighways.Ononehand,roadsareessentialforconnectingcitiesandenablingcommerce.Businessesrelyonefficienttransportationnetworkstodistributegoods,andindividualsneedroadsforcommuting.Awell-maintainedhighwaysystemcanboosttourismandreducetraveltime.However,thisfocusonindividualvehiclesignoresthebroadersocietalcostsofcardependency.Ontheotherhand,publictransportationismoresustainableandequitable.Citieswithrobusttransi