高一英语必修四重点词汇解析与练习

高一英语必修四重点词汇解析与练习词汇是语言的基石，对于高一阶段的英语学习而言，扎实掌握必修四的核心词汇，不仅是应对日常学习和考试的关键，更是提升语言综合运用能力的基础。本文将对高一英语必修四中部分重点词汇进行深度解析，并辅以针对性练习，帮助同学们更好地理解和运用这些词汇。Unit1Womenofachievement重点词汇解析1.achieve(v.)/əˈtʃiːv/*用法：及物动词，后接名词或代词作宾语。常见搭配：achievesuccess/one'sgoal/atask/fame。*拓展：achievement(n.)成就；功绩；achievable(adj.)可实现的；可达到的。2.devote(v.)/dɪˈvəʊt/*释义：togivemostofyourtime,energy,attention,etc.tosomebody/something献身；致力；专心*用法：常用搭配为devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.或bedevotedto(doing)sth.，其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词。*拓展：devotion(n.)奉献；忠诚；devoted(adj.)挚爱的；忠诚的。*例句：Dr.BethunedevotedhislifetohelpingtheChinesepeople./Sheisdevotedtoherfamily.3.behave(v.)/bɪˈheɪv/*释义：todothingsinaparticularway;toact表现；举止；行为得体*用法：可作不及物动词，指“行为举止”；也可作及物动词，意为“使守规矩”（通常用于否定句或疑问句，后接反身代词）。*拓展：behavior(n.)行为；举止；behavioural(adj.)行为的。*例句：Thechildrenbehavedwellattheparty./Pleasebehaveyourself!4.observe(v.)/əbˈzɜːv/*释义：towatchsomethingorsomeonecarefully观察；注意到；tosayorwritewhatyouhavenoticed评论；toobeyalaw,rule,etc.遵守*用法：后可接名词、代词、从句或不带to的不定式作宾语补足语（被动语态中to要还原）。*例句：Sheobservedamanwalkingontheoppositesideoftheroad./Itwasobservedthatthetemperaturerosesharply./Wemustobservethetrafficrules.词汇巩固练习(Unit1)一、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.Hergreatesta________waswinninganOlympicgoldmedal.2.Hed________himselfentirelytohisresearchwork.3.Thewayyoub________towardsothersshowsyourupbringing.4.Thepolicehavebeeno________hismovementsforseveralweeks.二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Sheisa________(devote)motherwhoalwaysputsherchildrenfirst.2.Ittakesyearsofhardworktoachieve________(succeed).3.Thescientistspenthiswholelifeonthe________(observe)ofanimalbehavior.4.Weshouldlearnfromtheir________(achieve)andstriveforourowngoals.Unit2Workingtheland重点词汇解析1.struggle(v.&n.)/ˈstrʌɡl/*释义：(v.)totryveryhardtodosomethingwhenitisdifficult奋斗；努力；挣扎；(n.)斗争；奋斗；努力*用法：(v.)struggleforsth.为……而斗争；strugglewith/againstsb./sth.与……搏斗/斗争；struggletodosth.努力做某事。(n.)常与不定冠词a连用，或用于makeastruggle结构。*例句：Farmershavetostrugglewith/againsttheelementstogrowcrops./Theymadeabravestruggleagainstpoverty.2.expand(v.)/ɪkˈspænd/*用法：及物或不及物动词。expandintosth.扩展成……；expandonsth.详述某事。*拓展：expansion(n.)扩张；膨胀。3.rid(v.)/rɪd/*释义：tomakeyourself/somebody/somethingfreefromsomethingthatisunpleasantornotwanted摆脱；去除*用法：常用结构为rid...of...使……摆脱……；getridof...除掉……；摆脱……。rid的过去式和过去分词均为rid或ridded。*例句：Wemustridthehouseofmice./Shefinallymanagedtogetridofherbadhabit.4.equip(v.)/ɪˈkwɪp/*释义：toprovideapersonorplacewiththethingsthatareneededforaparticularpurpose配备；装备*用法：equipsb./sth.withsth.用某物装备某人/某物；beequippedwithsth.配备有某物。*拓展：equipment(n.)[U]设备；装备。*例句：Thelaboratoryisequippedwithmodernfacilities./Theyequippedthemselveswithwarmclothesforthejourney.词汇巩固练习(Unit2)一、选词填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)。struggle,expand,rid,equip1.Ourschoolhasdecidedto________itslibrarybyaddingmorebooks.2.Itwasalong________beforetheygainedtheirfreedom.3.Thegovernmentistryingto________thecountryofpoverty.4.Theexplorerswerewell________fortheirjourneytotheNorthPole.二、单项选择。1.Wemuststruggle______thedifficultiesinourstudy.A.againstB.forC.withD.to2.Thenewpolicyhelpedthefactory______itsproductionby20%.A.expandB.ridC.equipD.observeUnit3AtasteofEnglishhumour重点词汇解析1.entertain(v.)/ˌentəˈteɪn/*释义：toamuseorinterestpeopleinawaythatgivesthempleasure娱乐；使欢乐；toconsiderorallowyourselftothinkaboutanideaorapossibility抱有；考虑*用法：entertainsb.withsth.用某物逗乐某人；entertaintheideaofdoingsth.考虑做某事的想法。*拓展：entertainment(n.)娱乐；消遣；entertaining(adj.)有趣的；令人愉快的。*释义：tosucceedindealingwithorcontrollingaproblemthathasbeenpreventingyoufromachievingsomething克服；解决；todefeatsomeone战胜*例句：Sheovercamehershynessandspokeinpublic./Theyovercameallthedifficultiesandfinishedtheprojectontime.3.direct(v./adj./adv.)/daɪˈrekt/*释义：(v.)totellorshowsomebodyhowtogetsomewhereorwheretogo指引；指导；导演(电影、戏剧等)；(adj.)直接的；径直的；坦率的；(adv.)直接地；径直地*用法：(v.)directsb.tosth./sp.指引某人到……；directafilm/play导演电影/戏剧。(adj.)可作定语或表语。*拓展：direction(n.)方向；指示；director(n.)导演；主任；directors(n.)董事会。*例句：Canyoudirectmetothenearestpostoffice?/Hehasaverydirectwayofspeaking./TheplaneflewdirecttoParis.4.whisper(v.&n.)/ˈwɪspə(r)/*释义：(v.)tospeakveryquietlytosomebodysothatotherpeoplecannothear耳语；低语；(n.)耳语（声）；低语（的内容）*用法：(v.)whispertosb.对某人低声说；whispersth.(tosb.)（对某人）低声说某事；Itiswhisperedthat...据秘密传闻……。(n.)inawhisper低声地。*例句：Shewhisperedasecretinmyear./Theyweretalkinginwhispers.词汇巩固练习(Unit3)一、根据句意及英文释义写出单词。1.Tomakesomeonelaughorenjoythemselves:e________2.Tosuccessfullydealwithaproblemordifficulty:o________3.Tospeakveryquietly:w________4.Tocontrolorbeinchargeofanactivity,organization,orfilm/movie:d________二、翻译句子。1.这位著名导演将执导一部新电影。2.我们必须学会克服生活中的困难。3.她低声告诉我她要离开了。综合练习一、完形填空(从所给词汇中选择最恰当的词填空，注意词形变化)Asayoungman,he1.________himselftoscientificresearch.He2.________manydifficultiesandfinally3.________agreatbreakthroughinhisfield.Hisworkhelpedto4.________people'sunderstandingofthediseaseand5.________theworldofitsfear.Thegovernmentdecidedto6.________morehospitalswiththenewequipmentbasedonhisresearch.His7.________inspiredmanyyoungscientiststo8.________fortheirdreams.二、短文填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)Nowadays,manyyoungpeopleare1.________(devote)toonlineshopping.It2.________(expand)rapidlyinrecentyears,3.________(provide)peoplewithaconvenientwaytobuythings.However,weshouldalsobecarefulnottobe4.________(cheat)bysomedishonestsellers.It'simportantto5.________(observe)thereviewsandratingsbeforemakingapurchase.Bydoingso,wecanbetter6.________(equip)ourselvestomakewisechoicesand7.________(achieve)apleasantshoppin