2025年医学生考研复试英语笔试及答案

2025年医学生考研复试英语笔试及答案

一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Theword"ubiquitous"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A.rareB.widespreadC.expensiveD.ancient2.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofsleepformemoryconsolidation.B.Thenegativeeffectsofsleepdeprivationoncognitivefunction.C.Therelationshipbetweensleepanddreams.D.Thebiologicalmechanismsofsleep.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutREMsleep?A.Itoccursonlyininfants.B.Itisthedeepeststageofsleep.C.Itisassociatedwithmuscleparalysis.D.Itaccountsforthemajorityofsleeptime.4.Theauthor'stoneinthepassagecanbebestdescribedas:A.persuasiveB.objectiveC.speculativeD.emotional5.Thepassagesuggeststhatsleepdeprivationcanleadto:A.improvedmemoryB.enhancedcreativityC.cognitiveimpairmentD.betterphysicalhealth6.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Toargueformorefundingforsleepresearch.B.Toinformreadersaboutthestagesofsleep.C.Topersuadereaderstogetmoresleep.D.Todescribethehistoricaldevelopmentofsleepstudies.7.Theword"elucidate"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A.confuseB.explainC.ignoreD.deny8.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisafunctionofsleep?A.TorepairthebodyB.ToregulatebodytemperatureC.ToimproveeyesightD.Toincreasebloodpressure9.Thepassagementionsthat:A.sleepisunnecessaryforhumansB.dreamsareonlyforadultsC.sleeppatternsvaryacrossculturesD.sleepdeprivationisalwaysharmful10.Theauthorconcludesthepassageby:A.presentinganewstudyonsleepB.summarizingthemainpointsC.suggestingfurtherresearchD.givingpersonaladviceonsleep二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Thestudyfoundthat_______hoursofsleeppernightisoptimalformemoryconsolidation.2.REMsleepischaracterizedby_______brainactivity.3.Sleepdeprivationcanleadto_______incognitiveperformance.4.ThebrainduringREMsleepisasactiveaswhen_______.5.Sleephelpsinthe_______ofstresshormones.6.Theaverageadultspendsabout_______oftheirsleeptimeinREMsleep.7.Sleepdeprivationcanaffect_______andemotionalregulation.8.Thestagesofsleeparetypicallydividedinto_______majorcategories.9.Theword"ubiquitous"meanspresentorappearingeverywhere.10.Thepassagesuggeststhatsleepdeprivationcanimpair_______functions.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Sleepdeprivationcanimprovecognitivefunction.2.ThedeepeststageofsleepisREMsleep.3.Sleepdeprivationhasnonegativeeffectsonhealth.4.DreamsoccuronlyduringREMsleep.5.Sleepdeprivationcanleadtoweightgain.6.ThebrainislessactiveduringREMsleep.7.Sleepdeprivationaffectsmemoryconsolidationnegatively.8.Sleepdeprivationismoreharmfulforchildrenthanadults.9.Theoptimalamountofsleepforadultsis7-9hours.10.Sleepdeprivationcanimproveemotionalstability.四、简答题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Describethestagesofsleepandtheirfunctions.2.Explaintherelationshipbetweensleepandmemoryconsolidation.3.Discusstheeffectsofsleepdeprivationoncognitivefunction.4.Howdoessleephelpinstressmanagement?五、讨论题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Discusstheimportanceofsleepinmaintainingoverallhealth.2.Howcanindividualsimprovetheirsleepquality?3.Whatarethepotentiallong-termeffectsofchronicsleepdeprivation?4.Discusstheimpactofmoderntechnologyonsleeppatterns.答案和解析一、单项选择题答案1.B2.B3.C4.B5.C6.B7.B8.A9.C10.B二、填空题答案1.7-92.high3.impairment4.awake5.regulation6.20-257.cognitive8.four9.presentorappearingeverywhere10.cognitive三、判断题答案1.False2.False3.False4.True5.True6.False7.True8.False9.True10.False四、简答题答案1.Sleepisdividedintofourstages:non-REMstages1,2,and3(deeperstages),andREMsleep.Stage1islightsleep,stage2hassleepspindlesandK-complexes,stage3isdeepsleepwithdeltawaves,andREMsleepischaracterizedbyhighbrainactivitysimilartowakefulness.2.Sleep,particularlyREMsleep,playsacrucialroleinmemoryconsolidation.Duringsleep,thebrainprocessesandconsolidatesinformationacquiredduringtheday,enhancingmemoryretentionandlearning.3.Sleepdeprivationcanleadtocognitiveimpairment,includingdifficultiesinattention,memory,decision-making,andproblem-solving.Itcanalsoincreasetheriskoferrorsandaccidents.4.Sleephelpsinstressmanagementbyregulatingstresshormoneslikecortisol.Itallowsthebodyandmindtorestandrecover,reducingthephysiologicaleffectsofstressandpromotingemotionalstability.五、讨论题答案1.Sleepisessentialformaintainingoverallhealthasitsupportsphysicalandmentalwell-being.Itaidsintissuerepair,immunefunction,cognitivefunction,andemotionalregulation.Chronicsleepdeprivationcanleadtovarioushealthissues,includingobesity,diabetes,cardiovasculardisease,andmentalhealthdisorders.2.Individualscanimprovetheirsleepqualitybymaintainingaregularsleepschedule,creatingacomfortablesleepenvironment,avoidingcaffeineandheavymealsbeforebedtime,engaginginphysicalactivity,andpracticingrelaxationtechniqueslikemeditationordeepbreathing.3.Chronicsleepdeprivationcanhavelong-termeffectsonhealth,includingincreasedriskofobesity,diabetes,cardiovasculardisease,andmentalhealthdisorderslikedepressionandanxiety.Itcanalsoimpaircognitivefunctionandreduceoverallqualityoflife.4.Moderntechnology,suchassmartpho