2025-2026学年湖南省汉寿县某中学高三上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省汉寿县某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题一、听力略二、阅读理解AOftenweneedaboostupwhenexercisingormaintainingadiettolookafterourfitnessisatask.Butinrecentyears,throughthehealthapp,ithasbeenpossible.HeadspaceappHeadspaceisamindfulnessapplicationwithhundredsofguidedmeditation(冥想)levelsthatmanagestress,anxiety,andsleepproblems.Thewebsiteprovidesuserswithcourses,expertgymtraining,mindfulmusic,expertadviceservice,andothermindfulexerciseprogramslikeyoga,Tabata,jogging,etc.tomaintaintheirdailyroutinesquickly.SleepCycleappThehealthandfitnessapptracksthequalityofsleepaswellasthesleepingheartrate.Theuniquecharacteristhatitwakesauserduringtheirlightestsleepstageinthemorning,increasingtheirenergylevels,breathing,andmakingthemreadytodealwiththedayahead,especiallyforexpectantmothers.MyFitnessPalappMyFitnessPalisafreeapplicationthathelpstotracktheamountoffooduserstakeineverydayandwatchtheirweight.Ithelpsmanagethediettostaytorunyourlifeontrackeverydaywithadatabaseofover11millionfoods,abuilt-inrecipeimporterthatletsthemtrackanyrecipefromtheweb.FooducateappItisoneofthetophealthappsforweightlossandawebsitethathelpstofigureoutcalories,waterintake,andworkouts.Theappeducatesuserstobuyhealthyproductsaccordingtotheirdietlevelandfoodmaterialsfromthegrocerystore.Italsohasabarcodescannerthatcanscanover25,000foodsproductstofindtheperfectmatchandchoosethebody’shealthiestoptionbasedonaparticularweight.1.Whichappbestsuitsastudentundergreatpressure?A.Headspaceapp. B.SleepCycleapp. C.MyFitnessPalapp. D.Fooducateapp.2.What’sspecialaboutSleepCycleapp?A.Itaffectsusers’breathing. B.Itprovidesguidedmeditation.C.Itrecordsusers’heartrate. D.Itwakesusersatasuitabletime.3.WhatdoMyFitnessPalappandFooducateapphaveincommon?A.Theyhelpuserskeepinshape. B.Theyprovidecookingcourses.C.Theycheckthequalityofthefood. D.Theyareequippedwithscanners.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几款健康应用程序。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Headspaceapp部分中“Headspaceisamindfulnessapplicationwithhundredsofguidedmeditation(冥想)levelsthatmanagestress,anxiety,andsleepproblems.(Headspace是一款正念应用程序，有数百个引导冥想级别，可以管理压力、焦虑和睡眠问题)”可知，Headspaceapp能帮助管理压力和焦虑，适合压力大的学生。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据SleepCycleapp部分中“Theuniquecharacteristhatitwakesauserduringtheirlightestsleepstageinthemorning,increasingtheirenergylevels,breathing,andmakingthemreadytodealwiththedayahead(其独特之处在于，它会在早上用户最轻的睡眠阶段唤醒他们，提高他们的能量水平和呼吸能力，让他们为迎接新的一天做好准备)”可知，SleepCycleapp的特别之处在于它能在合适的时间唤醒用户。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据MyFitnessPalapp部分中“MyFitnessPalisafreeapplicationthathelpstotracktheamountoffooduserstakeineverydayandwatchtheirweight.(MyFitnessPal是一款免费应用程序，可帮助用户跟踪每天摄入的食物量并关注体重)”以及Fooducateapp部分中“Itisoneofthetophealthappsforweightlossandawebsitethathelpstofigureoutcalories,waterintake,andworkouts.(它是顶级的减肥健康应用程序之一，其网站可帮助计算卡路里、水分摄入量和运动量)”可知，这两款应用都有助于用户保持身材。故选A项。B19-years-oldZaraRutherfordisflyingaroundtheworldbyherself.Finishinghertrip,whichwilltakeovertwomonths,she'llbecometheyoungestwomantoflyallthewayaroundtheglobealone.Rutherford,who’sBritish-Belgian,planstoflyacrossfivecontinents,through52countries.ShaestaWaiz,thecurrentrecordholder,was30yearsoldwhenflyingaroundtheworld.HearingRutherfordistryingtobreakherrecord,shethinkshighlyofitalthoughmanypeopleholdthatshejustwantstoshowoffherflyingskillsandwon’tmakeittotheend.Thistrip,whichisinasmalltwo-seaterplanecalledamicrolight,issomethingRutherfordhasdreamedaboutforalongtime.She'sbeenlearningtoflyplanessinceshewas14.Shegotherpilot'slicensein2020andhashundredsofhoursofflyingpractice.Rutherford'sparentsarebothpilots,andtheyhelpedherpractice.Herfatherisaprofessionalpilotwhodeliversplanestopeoplearoundtheworld.Rutherfordcamewithhimonmanyofhistrips.Hersolo(独自的)flightisanythingbutaromanticone.Tofollowherroute,Rutherfordneedstobeabletosee,sinceherplanecan'tbeguidedusingitsinstrumentsalone.Soshecan’tflyatnightorinbadweather.Toavoidclouds,shehastoflyclosetothelandorocean,whichmeansshe'sgoingtoencounteralotofunexpectedsituations.Becauseofthis,Rutherfordworkedhardtoprepareforemergencies.Shehasevenbeentrainedinescapingfromaplanelandingintheocean.Sheplanstovisitlocalyouthgroupsineachplaceontheflight,appealingtothemtoattachimportancetoeducationandexploreareaslikeflying,science,mathematics,andengineering.“It’saneasythingtosay,butjustgoforit,”Rutherfordsays.“Ifyoudon’ttryandseehowhighyoucanfly,thenyou’llneverknow.”4.WhatisWaiz’sattitudetoRutherford'sflightaroundtheworldbyherself?A.Unclear. B.Favorable. C.Tolerant. D.Doubtful.5.Whatdoesparagraph3focusonconcerningRutherford?A.Herflightbackground. B.Herwell-equippedplane.C.Herdreamforapilot'slicense. D.Heraccompanyingherfather’sflying.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutRutherford'ssoloflight?A.It’llberomantic. B.It’llbecost-effective.C.It’llbetough. D.It’llbehistory-changing.7.WhydoesRutherfordplantovisitlocalyouthgroupsineachplace?A.Topreparethemforfuturejobs. B.Tohelpthemseetheirstrengths.C.Toraisemoneyfortheireducation. D.Tomotivatethemtobeaggressive.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文。19岁的扎拉·卢瑟福（ZaraRutherford）正独自驾一架小飞机环游世界。当她结束为期两个多月的旅行时，她将成为最年轻的独自环球飞行的女性。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“HearingRutherfordistryingtobreakherrecord,shethinkshighlyofit(听说Rutherford正努力打破纪录，她高度赞赏这种行为)”可知，Waiz对卢瑟福发起的挑战是持赞赏态度的。注意：本句中的she指的是Waiz。故选B。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据本段中的“She'sbeenlearningtoflyplanessinceshewas14.Shegotherpilot'slicensein2020(卢瑟福从14岁起就开始学习驾驶飞机，并在2020年拿到了飞行员执照，有数百小时的飞行练习)”及“Rutherford'sparentsarebothpilots,andtheyhelpedherpractice.(卢瑟福的父母都是飞行员，他们帮助她训练飞行)”可知，本段主要介绍了卢瑟福的飞行背景。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Tofollowherroute，Rutherfordneedstobeabletosee,sinceherplanecan'tbeguidedusingitsinstrumentsalone.Soshecan’tflyatnightorinbadweather.Toavoidclouds,shehastoflyclosetothelandorocean,whichmeansshe'sgoingtoencounteralotofunexpectedsituations.Becauseofthis,Rutherfordworkedhardtoprepareforemergencies.(为了遵循她的飞行路线，卢瑟福需要用眼睛观察，因为她的飞机不能仅靠仪器来导航，这意味着她不能在晚上或恶劣天气飞行。为了避开云层，她必须靠近陆地或海洋飞行，这会给她带来很多意想不到的情况，为此，卢瑟福甚至接受过飞机在海上降落时逃生的训练)”可推知，她这次航行很艰难。故选C。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据题干中“plantovisitlocalyouthgroupsineachplace”将答案定位到最后一段。最后一段Rutherford谈到“Ifyoudon’ttryandseehowhighyoucanfly,thenyou’llneverknow.(如果你不试着看看自己能飞多高，那你永远也不会知道)”说明她希望年轻人积极进取。故选D。CThewillingnesstolearnfromfailuresisveryimportant.Andtherearecertainlymanypeoplewhohaveovercomefailuresontheirwaytosuccess.But,therearestillacoupleofquestionsaboutfailuresthatareworthdelvinginto:Domostpeopleactuallylearnfromfailures?Whyorwhynot?Thesequestionswerestudiedin2024byLaurenEskreis-WinklerandMinheeKim.Theystartedbyexploringwhetherpeopleoverestimated(高估)thelikelihoodthatsomeonewhohadfailedwouldsucceedontheirnextattempt.Inoneexperiment,theresearchersaskedparticipantstoestimatethechancethatsomeonewhohadtakenanexamtobecomealawyer,nurse,orteacherandfailedwouldpassonthenextattempt.Thisquestionwasinteresting,becausetheactualratesofsuccesswerealreadyknown(35%forlawyers,43%fornurses,and48%forteachers).Butineachcase,theparticipantssignificantlyoverestimatedthelikelihoodthatsomeoneretestingwouldpass(58%forlawyers,63%fornurses,and67%forteachers).Inanotherexperiment,theyaskedtheparticipantstopredictthelikelihoodthataheartattacksurvivorwouldmakepositivechangesintheirbehavior.Withoutanyadditionalinformation,theypredictedthat62%ofsurvivorswouldchangetheirbehavior.Buttheactualpercentagewas47%.Theseexperimentssuggestthatthetypicalopinionaboutlearningfromfailuresneedssomerevision.Asshowninthestudy,weoftenconfusewhatiswithwhatoughttobe.Yes,weoughttolearnfromfailures.Butoftenwedon’tbecauseitistoopainfulforustoanalyzeandlearnfromourfailures.Sowhenwefailtoachieveourgoals,itisnecessaryforustorecognizethatwithoutsignificantefforttochangeourbehavior,wearelikelytofailagaininthefuture.8.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“delvinginto”inparagraph1?A.Exploring. B.Recommending. C.Forgetting. D.Confusing.9.Whatarethestatisticsinthetextmainlyabout?A.Peoplecan’tlearnfromtheirfailures.B.Failures’benefitsmightbeoverestimated.C.Itisverypainfulforustofaceourfailures.D.Somepeoplecanlearnmorefromtheirfailures.10.Whydomostofusfailtolearnfromourfailures?A.Verylittlehelpisavailableforus.B.Weareunawareoftheproblems.C.Theconsequencesarenotserious.D.Itishardtochangeourbehavior.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceararephenomenon. B.Toreviewarecentstudy.C.Toargueagainstatypicalopinion. D.Toshowhumanweakness.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要基于2024年的相关实验研究，探讨人们对“从失败中学习”的认知偏差，指出多数人高估了从失败中成功改进的可能性，并分析背后原因。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“But,therearestillacoupleofquestionsaboutfailuresthatareworthdelvinginto:Domostpeopleactuallylearnfromfailures?Whyorwhynot?(但关于失败，仍有两个值得delvinginto的问题：大多数人真的能从失败中学习吗？若是如此，原因何在？若不能，又为何？)”以及第二段“Thesequestionswerestudiedin2024byLaurenEskreis-WinklerandMinheeKim.(2024年，LaurenEskreis-Winkler与MinheeKim针对这些问题展开了研究)”可推测，此处指关于失败有两个值得探索的问题，于是有了下文的研究。选项A“Exploring”意为“探索”，与此相符。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thisquestionwasinteresting,becausetheactualratesofsuccesswerealreadyknown(35%forlawyers,43%fornurses,and48%forteachers).Butineachcase,theparticipantssignificantlyoverestimatedthelikelihoodthatsomeoneretestingwouldpass(58%forlawyers,63%fornurses,and67%forteachers).(这个问题的研究价值在于，这些考试的实际通过率是已知的——律师资格考试为35%，护士资格考试为43%，教师资格考试为48%。但在每种情况下，参与者都大幅高估了重考者的通过率，分别给出了58%（律师）、63%（护士）和67%（教师）的估算。)”以及第四段“Inanotherexperiment,theyaskedtheparticipantstopredictthelikelihoodthataheartattacksurvivorwouldmakepositivechangesintheirbehavior.Withoutanyadditionalinformation,theypredictedthat62%ofsurvivorswouldchangetheirbehavior.Buttheactualpercentagewas47%.(在另一项实验中，他们要求参与者预测心脏病幸存者在行为上做出积极改变的可能性。在没有任何额外信息的情况下，他们预测62%的幸存者会改变他们的行为。但实际比例是47%)”可知，参与者对律师、护士、教师重考通过率的预估（58%、63%、67%）远高于实际通过率（35%、43%、48%），对心脏病发作幸存者行为改变概率的预估（62%）也高于实际比例（47%）。这些数据均表明人们高估了失败带来的“益处”——即从失败中改进并成功的可能性。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Butoftenwedon’tbecauseitistoopainfulforustoanalyzeandlearnfromourfailures.Sowhenwefailtoachieveourgoals,itisnecessaryforustorecognizethatwithoutsignificantefforttochangeourbehavior,wearelikelytofailagaininthefuture.(因为分析失败、从中吸取教训的过程对我们而言太过痛苦。因此，当我们未能实现目标时，必须清醒地认识到：若不付出巨大努力去改变自身行为，未来我们很可能会再次失败)”可知，我们难以从失败中学习，本质是因为分析失败、从中吸取教训的过程很痛苦，而改变自身行为需要付出巨大努力，即改变行为本身存在难度。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theseexperimentssuggestthatthetypicalopinionaboutlearningfromfailuresneedssomerevision.(这些实验表明，人们对“从失败中学习”的普遍认知有待修正)”以及全文内容可知，作者通过呈现2024年的两项实验数据，指出人们普遍认为“能从失败中学习”的固有观点存在偏差，需要修正，核心目的是反驳这一典型认知。故选C。DFabrizioFidati,wholosthisrighthandinanaccident25yearsago,hadnotexperiencedthefeelingoftemperatureinhismissingfingersuntiltrialsforatechnologyunlockedthecooloficedwaterandheatofastoveburnerforhim.Eventually,theresearchershopeitcouldleadtoamorenaturalfeelingoflovedoneswhenheiswearinghisprosthetic(义肢).Withthermalelectrodes(热电极)placedontheskinoftheirremainingarm,amputeessuchasFidatireportedfeelinghotorcoldintheirphantom(幻象)handandfingers,aswellasdirectlyonthearm,accordingtothetrialsbytheSwissuniversityEPFL.The59-yearoldItalianisamong27amputeeswhotookpartinthetrials,with17ofthemreportingasuccessfultest.Thosetestedhavealsobeenabletodifferentiatebetweenplastic,glassandcopper，pointingtowheretheyfeelthefeelingsonimagesofahand.“Bystimulating(刺激)specificpartsoftheremainingarmoftheamputees,wecouldinducethesenseoftouchinthemissingphantomhands,“saidDr.SolaimanShokur,aseniorscientistatEPFLwhoco-ledthestudy.“Whattheyfeelinthisphantomhandissimilartowhattheyfeelontheirundamagedhand.”Thetechnology,whichhasbeentestedformorethantwoyears,doesnotneedtobeimplanted.Itcanbewornontheskinandcombinedwitharegularprosthetic.Dr.SilvestroMicera,whoco-ledthestudywithDr.Shokur,saidtheynowwantedtotestthedeviceonalargerscalebeforecombiningitwithothertechnologiestoimprovesenseoftouchinamputees.“Wethinkthatwecouldgivepeopleabettersenseofembodimentoftheirhandsandmaybeevengivethemthepossibilitytofeeltheirlovedonesinamuchmorenaturalway,”Dr.Shokuradded.12.WhathappenedtoFabrizioFidati?A.Hecarriedoutanexperiment. B.Hewasunabletosenseicedwater.C.Heaccidentallylosthisrighthand. D.Heencounteredatrafficaccidentrecently.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“induce”inparagraph4mean?A.Predict. B.Increase. C.Imagine. D.Cause.14.WhatisDr.SilvestroMicera’splanforthenearfuture?A.Perfectingthedevice. B.Cuttingdownoncosts.C.Employingmorevolunteers. D.Producingthedeviceonalargescale.15.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aneducationalspeech. B.Anewsreport.C.Acoursebrochure. D.Amoviereview.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道的是一项新的技术给戴上假肢的人带的喜讯，描述了该装置的原理以及其测试的情况。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“FabrizioFidati,wholosthisrighthandinanaccident25yearsago(FabrizioFidati在25年前的一次事故中失去了右手。)”可知，FabrizioFidati在25年前得一次意外中失去了右臂。故选C项。【13题详析】词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Whattheyfeelinthisphantomhandissimilartowhattheyfeelontheirundamagedhand.(他们在这只幻手上的感觉和他们在未受伤的手上的感觉很相似。)”可知，通过实验，这只幻手上的感觉与未受伤的手上的感觉是一样的，划线单词前的“Bystimulating(刺激)specificpartsoftheremainingarmoftheamputees(通过刺激截肢者剩余手臂的特定部位)”可知，通过刺激剩余手臂的特定部位，应该可以使在失去的手臂上产生感觉，由此可猜测，该单词的意思与“使产生”相近。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Dr.SilvestroMicera,whoco-ledthestudywithDr.Shokur,saidtheynowwantedtotestthedeviceonalargerscalebeforecombiningitwithothertechnologiestoimprovesenseoftouchinamputees.(与Dr.Shokur,博士共同领导这项研究的Dr.SilvestroMicera博士说，他们现在希望在将该设备与其他技术结合起来改善截肢者的触觉之前，对该设备进行更大规模的测试。)”可知，Dr.SilvestroMicera想在与其他技术联合前进行大量的测试，为了改善被截肢人的触感，由此可知，Dr.SilvestroMicera的近期计划是完善该设备。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“FabrizioFidati,wholosthisrighthandinanaccident25yearsago,hadnotexperiencedthefeelingoftemperatureinhismissingfingersuntiltrialsforatechnologyunlockedthecooloficedwaterandheatofastoveburnerforhim.(FabrizioFidati在25年前的一次事故中失去了右手，直到一项技术的试验为他解锁了冰水的凉爽和炉子的热量，他才体验到失去的手指的温度感。)”可知，本文以在一次事故中失去右手的FabrizioFidati在一项技术测试后，让他重新感受到了温度引出本文的主题，结合下文中描述的该装技术的原理及其测试的情况可知，本文介绍的是一项技术带给戴假肢者带来的喜讯，所以本文很可能是来自于一篇新闻报道。故选B项。七选五Youmightthinkthatifyou’vebeenbornwithworkingears,listeningshouldn’tbeallthathard.Butuptooneinfourleadersstruggleswithlisteningskills,andifscommontobeabadlistenerinday-to-daylife.___16___Oneansweristhatmanyofuslistentorespondratherthantohearwhat’sbeingsaid.Whenwe’rechattingwithsomeone,we’reconstantlythinkingofwhatwe’regoingtosaynextinsteadofactuallyprocessingwhattheotherpartyissaying.____17____Wedoitbecausewewanttobegoodconversationalistsandavoiduncomfortablepauses(停顿)inthediscussion.____18____Thesolution,accordingtopsychologistKennethE.Miller,isincrediblysimple.“Beforeyourespondinaconversation,takeabreath.Notanenormous,loud,obviousbreaththatscreamsout‘Iamtryinganewtechniqueforbetterlistening!’No,justanormal,simple,ordinarybreath.That’sit.”Couldsomethingsosmallmakeadifference?Yes,insistsMiller.___19___“IfindIinterruptpeoplealotlessoften,”hereports.“Inresponse,peopleseemmorerelaxedwhenwearetalking.”He’snottheonlyonetospotadifference.OnNewYorkMagazine’sblog,TheCut,KatieHeanydescribesasortofnaturalexperimentthatshowsthepowerofsimplytakingabreathbeforeyourespond.“AfriendofafriendwhocurrentlylivesinFranceoftenpausesalotbeforeshereplies,mainlybecauseherFrenchisonlysomewhatfluent.Asaresult,allherFrenchfriendstellhershe’sanamazinglistener.ThisisnotsomethingshehearsmuchinEnglish,”shewrites.___20___Allyouneedisthissimpletechnique.Goahead,giveitatryandseeifitworksforyou.A.Themomentthey’redonespeaking,weleapinwithacommentorquestion.B.Howcanwebeagoodlistener?C.Thisisbecausewearetryingtomakeareasonableresponseatonce.D.Whydowestrugglewithlistening?E.He’snoticedpositiveeffectsineverydayconversations.F.Youdon’thavetobebarelyfluentinalanguagetoachieve“greatlistener”status.G.Butoftentheresultistheotherpersonfeelsunheard.【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.E20.F【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章告诉我们如何成为一个好的倾听者，通过在交谈中简单的呼吸、停顿的方法，可以帮助我们成为更好的倾听者。【16题详析】上文“Butuptooneinfourleadersstruggleswithlisteningskills,andifscommontobeabadlistenerinday-to-daylife.(但是，多达四分之一的领导者在倾听技巧方面存在困难，在日常生活中，成为一个糟糕的倾听者是很常见的)”说明在日常生活中，我们常常在倾听方面存在困难。根据下文“Oneansweristhatmanyofuslistentorespondratherthantohearwhat’sbeingsaid.(一个答案是，我们中的许多人听的是回应，而不是听别人在说什么)”可知，后文给出了在倾听方面存在困难的原因。由此可推断出，空格处应该是一个问句，D项Whydowestrugglewithlistening?(为什么我们在倾听上存在困难？)能过承接上文话题，并引出下文的答案。故选D。【17题详析】上文“Whenwe’rechattingwithsomeone,we’reconstantlythinkingofwhatwe’regoingtosaynextinsteadofactuallyprocessingwhattheotherpartyissaying.(当我们和别人聊天时，我们会不断地想我们接下来要说什么，而不是实际处理对方说的话)”说明当我们和别人聊天时，我们在不断地想我们接下来要说什么。A项Themomentthey’redonespeaking,weleapinwithacommentorquestion.(他们一说完，我们就会提出评论或问题)正是我们不断想我们接下来要说什么的原因，同时也是为了成为好的谈话者，承接下文“Wedoitbecausewewanttobegoodconversationalistsandavoiduncomfortablepauses(停顿)inthediscussion.(我们这样做是因为我们想成为好的谈话者，避免讨论中令人不舒服的停顿)”。故选A。【18题详析】上文“Whenwe’rechattingwithsomeone,we’reconstantlythinkingofwhatwe’regoingtosaynextinsteadofactuallyprocessingwhattheotherpartyissaying.”说明当我们和别人聊天时，我们会不断地想我们接下来要说什么，而不是实际处理对方说的话。G项Butoftentheresultistheotherpersonfeelsunheard.(但是结果往往是另一个人感觉被忽视了)正是上文做法会导致的一种尴尬的结果，符合题意。故选G。【19题详析】上文“Couldsomethingsosmallmakeadifference?Yes,insistsMiller.(这么小的事情会有什么不同吗？是的，坚持米勒)”及下文““IfindIinterruptpeoplealotlessoften,”hereports.“Inresponse,peopleseemmorerelaxedwhenwearetalking,”(“我发现自己打断别人的次数要少得多。”他说。“因此，在我们交谈时，人们似乎更放松。”)”说明米勒注意到了一些积极影响。E项He’snoticedpositiveeffectsineverydayconversations.(他注意到了日常对话中的积极影响)符合题意。故选E。【20题详析】上文“AfriendofafriendwhocurrentlylivesinFranceoftenpausesalotbeforeshereplies,mainlybecauseherFrenchisonlysomewhatfluent.Asaresult,allherFrenchfriendstellhershe’sanamazinglistener.(一个目前住在法国的朋友的朋友经常在她回答之前停顿很多，主要是因为她的法语不太流利。因此，她所有的法国朋友都说她是个了不起的倾听者)”说明成为一名了不起的倾听者，未必非要精通一门语言。F项Youdon’thavetobebarelyfluentinalanguagetoachieve“greatlistener”status.(你不必勉强精通一门语言去获得“伟大的倾听者”的地位)符合题意。故选F。三、完形填空Inarecentcross-countryeventinNavarre,Spain,24-year-oldSpanishrunnerIvanFernandezAnayafacedadifficultdecision.The____21____wasfierce(激烈的),withIvaninsecondplacebehindAbelMutai,aKenyanrunner.Withvictorywithinreach,Ivanwasexpectedto____22____firstplace.However,something____23____happenednearthefinishline.Astherunnersnearedtheend,Mutai____24____thoughttheendoftheracecameabout10meterssoonerthanitdid.Believinghehadalready____25____thefinishline,Mutaistoppedrunning.Ivannoticedthe____26____immediately.Atthelastmoment,heheardtheaudiencetellingMutaito____27____,butMutai,whodidnotspeakSpanish,couldnot____28____thecalls.Realizingwhathadhappened,Ivanmadea____29____decision.Insteadof____30____thesituation,heslowedhispaceandstayedbehind,guidingMutaitothe____31____finishline.Ivanlaterexplained,“Ididn’tdeserve(应得)towinit.IdidwhatIhadtodo.Hewasthe____32____winner.”AlthoughIvan’sactionmaynothavewonhimthematch,itwonhim____33____.Hissportsmanshipwascelebratedbymany.Ivan’sactof____34____remindsusthattruevictoryliesnotonlyinwinningaracebutalsoin____35____therightthing,evenwhenitcomesatapersonalcost.21.A.competition B.discussion C.arrangement D.conflict22.A.visit B.record C.win D.lose23.A.unequal B.unexpected C.annoying D.relaxing24.A.angrily B.luckily C.thankfully D.mistakenly25.A.crossed B.ignored C.decorated D.missed26.A.audience B.excuse C.honour D.error27.A.continue B.stop C.smile D.jump28.A.remember B.understand C.break D.answer29.A.boring B.useless C.formal D.surprising30.A.puttingupwith B.takingadvantageof C.cuttingbackon D.makingfunof31.A.close B.yellow C.actual D.false32.A.rightful B.final C.respected D.energetic33.A.advice B.complaint C.distrust D.admiration34.A.warning B.relief C.fairness D.bravery35.A.repeating B.doing C.facing D.testing【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.D27.A28.B29.D30.B31.C32.A33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一次越野赛中，肯尼亚选手阿贝尔·穆泰错误地认为自己已经穿过比赛的终点线，而另一名选手伊凡放弃了获胜的机会，帮助穆泰到达终点的事情，反映了公平的体育精神。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：竞争非常激烈，伊凡排在第二位，仅次于肯尼亚选手阿贝尔·穆泰。A.competition竞争；B.discussion讨论；C.arrangement安排；D.conflict矛盾。根据上文“Inarecentcross-countryeventinNavarre,Spain,24-year-oldSpanishrunnerIvanFernandezAnayafacedadifficultdecision.”可知，两个人在参加一场越野赛，由此可知，竞争非常激烈。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：胜利在望，伊凡有望赢得第一名。A.visit参观；B.record记录；C.win赢得；D.lose失去。根据上文“Inarecentcross-countryeventinNavarre,Spain,24-year-oldSpanishrunnerIvanFernandezAnayafacedadifficultdecision.”可知，两个人在参加一场越野赛，由此可知，伊凡有望赢得第一名。故选C项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在终点线附近发生了一些意想不到的事情。A.unequal不公平的；B.unexpected意想不到的；C.annoying令人恼怒的；D.relaxing令人放松的。根据下文“Believinghehadalready_____thefinishline,Mutaistoppedrunning.”可知，阿贝尔·穆泰误以为自己已经穿过终点线，所以停止奔跑，这是意想不到的事情，由此可知，在终点线附近发生了一些意想不到的事情。故选B项。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当选手们接近终点时，穆泰错误地认为比赛的终点比实际早了大约10米。A.angrily愤怒地；B.luckily幸运地；C.thankfully感激地；D.mistakenly错误地。根据下文“Atthelastmoment,heheardtheaudiencetellingMutaito…”可知，观众告诉阿贝尔·穆泰继续跑，由此可知，穆泰错误地认为比赛的终点比实际早了大约10米。故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：穆泰相信自己已经穿过终点线，于是停止了跑步。A.crossed穿越；B.ignored忽视；C.decorated装饰；D.missed错过。根据句中“Mutaistoppedrunning”可知，穆泰停止了跑步，由此可知，穆泰相信自己已经穿过终点线，所以停止跑步。故选A项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：伊凡立刻注意到了这个错误。A.audience观众；B.excuse借口；C.honour荣誉；D.error错误。根据上文“Believinghehadalready_____thefinishline,Mutaistoppedrunning.”可知，穆泰误认为自己已经穿过终点线，于是停止了跑步，由此可知，这是个错误，伊凡注意到了这个错误。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最后一刻，他听到观众告诉穆泰继续跑，但穆泰不会说西班牙语，无法理解这些喊声。A.continue继续；B.stop停止；C.smile微笑；D.jump跳跃。根据上文“Believinghehadalready_____thefinishline,Mutaistoppedrunning.”可知，穆泰误认为自己已经穿过终点线，于是停止了跑步，由此可知，观众意识到这个错误，告诉穆泰继续跑。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最后一刻，他听到观众告诉穆泰继续跑，但穆泰不会说西班牙语，无法理解这些喊声。A.remember记住；B.understand理解；C.break打破；D.answer回答。根据句中“butMutai,whodidnotspeakSpanish”可知，穆泰不会说西班牙语，由此可知，他无法理解观众们的话。故选B项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到发生了什么，伊凡做出了一个令人惊讶的决定。A.boring无聊的；B.useless无用的；C.formal正式的；D.surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文“Insteadof_____thesituation,heslowedhispaceandstayedbehind,guidingMutaitothe_____finishline.”可知，伊凡没有利用这种情况取得胜利，而是放慢了脚步，引导穆泰到达了真正的终点线，由此可知，这是一个令人惊讶的决定。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他没有利用这种情况，而是放慢了脚步，留下来，引导穆泰到达了真正的终点线。A.puttingupwith忍受；B.takingadvantageof利用；C.cuttingbackon削减；D.makingfunof取消。根据句中“heslowedhispaceandstayedbehind,guidingMutaitothe_____finishline.”可知，伊凡放慢了脚步，引导穆泰到达了真正的终点线，由此可知，他没有利用这种情况取得胜利。故选B项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他没有利用这种情况，而是放慢了脚步，留下来，引导穆泰到达了真正的终点线。A.close亲密的；B.yellow黄色的；C.actual真正的；D.false错误的。根据句中“heslowedhispaceandstayedbehind”可知，伊凡放慢了脚步，由此可知，他想要引导穆泰到达真正的终点线。故选C项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊凡后来解释说：“我不应该赢。我做了我该做的事。他才是真正的赢家。”A.rightful正确的，公正的；B.final最后的；C.respected受尊敬的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据上文“Astherunnersnearedtheend,Mutai______thoughttheendoftheracecameabout10meterssoonerthanitdid.”可知，穆泰错误地认为比赛的终点比实际早了大约10米，才停了下来，他比伊凡跑得快，由此可知，伊凡认为穆泰才是真正的赢家。故选A项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然伊凡的行动可能没有为他赢得比赛，但它为他赢得了钦佩。A.advice建议；B.complaint抱怨；C.distrust不信任；D.admiration钦佩。根据上文“Insteadof_____thesituation,heslowedhispaceandstayedbehind,guidingMutaitothe_____finishline.”可知，伊凡没有利用穆泰的错误取得胜利，而是放慢了脚步，引导穆泰到达了真正的终点线，这是令人钦佩的，由此可知，伊凡的行动为他赢得了钦佩。故选D项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：伊凡的公平行为提醒我们，真正的胜利不仅在于赢得比赛，还在于做正确的事，即使这需要付出个人代价。A.warning警告；B.relief宽慰；C.fairness公平；D.bravery勇敢。根据上文“Insteadof_____thesituation,heslowedhispaceandstayedbehind,guidingMutaitothe_____finishline.”可知，伊凡没有利用穆泰的错误取得胜利，这体现了比赛中的公平公正，由此可知，伊凡的行为是公平的行为。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：伊凡的公平行为提醒我们，真正的胜利不仅在于赢得比赛，还在于做正确的事，即使这需要付出个人代价。A.repeating重复；B.doing做；C.facing面对；D.testing测试。根据上文“Insteadof_____thesituation,heslowedhispaceandstayedbehind,guidingMutaitothe_____finishline.”可知，伊凡没有利用穆泰的错误取得胜利，他做了正确的决定，由此可知，真正的胜利不仅在于赢得比赛，还在于做正确的事。故选B项。四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TherearetheobviousplacesonemightthinkofvisitingfirstsuchastheForbiddenCity,SummerPalaceandsoon.All____36____(undoubted)greatchoiceswithmuchtooffer,however,Iwouldliketothrowanothersuggestionintothemix.ZhihuaTemple,meaning“templeofwisdomattained”,____37____(build)intheMingDynastyin1444andistheonly____38____(remain)BuddhisttemplewithMingcharacteristicsinBeijing.Constructed____39____(honour)apowerfulhistoricalfigure,thetemple____40____(contain)theusualstructuresyoumightfindwithinatemple.However,ZhihuaTemplehassomesubtledifferencesandunique____41____(feature)thatraiseittoanotherlevel.Onceinside,seeingfadedpaintwork,youreallyfeeltheageoftherelicsandtheweightofthehistoryuponthem,____42____allowsforagreaterappreciationoftheskillsthatwentintotheircreationhundredsofyearsago.Withinthetempletherearemuseumexhibitionswithaseriesofphotosthatletyouseehowthetemplewasandprovidemoreinsight____43____itslonghistory.Finally,perhapsthebiggest____44____(attract)formeisbeingabletoexplorethecomp