2026《金版教程》高考复习方案英语外研版-Unit 5 Into the unknown

一背记单词◎人类文明1．pyramidn.金字塔2．astronomyn.天文学3．canaln.运河4．downfalln.衰败5．ruinn.废墟6．unchartedadj.地图上没有标明的7．delvev.探索，探究8．shipwreckn.沉船9．substancen.物质10．vesseln.船；舰11．vol(＝volume)n.(书的)卷，册◎自然12．buryv.将……埋在下面13．cyclonen.气旋；旋风14．megadroughtn.超级干旱15．coraln.珊瑚16．millimetren.毫米17．barreleyen.管眼鱼18．trenchn.海沟◎其他19．abandonv.离弃20．dismissv.否定21．getawayn.逃跑22．subduev.克制，抑制(情绪)23．shrinkv.退缩24．upwardsadv.向上，朝上25．stackv.摞起26．furthermoreadv.此外二词形变化1．civilisev.使开化→civilisedadj.文明的→civilisationn.文明(社会)2．intriguev.激起……的兴趣→intriguingadj.非常有趣的→intriguedadj.好奇的3．tropicn.热带→tropicaladj.来自热带的4．expandv.扩大→expansiveadj.广阔的→expansivelyadv.辽阔地→expansionn.扩大5．retreatv.后退→retreatmentn.再处理6．investigatev.调查→investigationn.调查→investigatorn.调查者7．archaeologyn.考古学→archaeologicaladj.考古学的→archaeologistn.考古学家8．equivalentadj.等同的→equivalencen.相等9．noten.注释→notableadj.显要的→notablyadv.特别10．drillv.钻孔→drillingn.钻探1．Heexpandsonthepointthatnomatterhowmuchstrongeritmaybecome,neverwillChinaseekexpansion.(expand)2．Havingabusedhispositionasmayortogivejobstohisfriends,themanisnowunderinvestigation.ThemanbeinginvestigatedisWilliam.(investigate)3．Theyhadbeendrillingoil.Aftermonthsofdrilling,__oilwasfoundoffthecoast.(drill)4．Civilisedcountriesgenerallyhaveancientcivilisationswithalonghistory.(civilise)5．Whereveryouliveintheworld,yourwayoflifeistiedtothetropicsinmanyways.Youcanbecertnthatyouareaffectedbythelossoftropicalforests.(tropic)6．Heisstudyingarchaeologyatcollegenowandhopestobecomeanarchaeologisttoparticipateinsomearchaeologicalprojectsinthefuture.(archaeology)三熟词生义1.abandon[熟义]v.放弃；中止[生义]v.陷入，沉湎于；离弃，抛弃；逃离2.dismiss[熟义]v.开除；解雇；解散[生义]v.消除，不予考虑，拒绝考虑，否定；驳回3．getaway[熟义]n.(尤指犯罪后的)逃跑，逃走[生义]n.度假；适合度假的地方4．shrink[熟义]v.退缩，畏缩[生义]v.缩小，减少；缩水；回避1．Therearerecentsignsthatthegapcouldbestartingtoshrink.最近有迹象表明，这一差距可能开始缩小。2．Theyabandonthemselvestodrinking.他们沉溺于饮酒。3．Theirpicturesnotonlycapturedtheterritorybutalsotransformeditintoapopulargetaway.他们的照片不仅捕捉到了这片土地，还把它变成了一个受欢迎的度假胜地。4．Thejusticedismissedhisevidenceoutofhand.法官当即驳回了他的证据。小积累—wordfamiles1.聚焦­tion后缀名词①civilisation文明(社会)②association联系；社团③celebration庆祝；庆祝会④determination决定；决心⑤consideration考虑；关心⑥expectation预料；期望⑦adaptation适应⑧admiration钦佩；赞赏⑨tradition传统2.“拒绝”表达集锦①dismissv.拒绝考虑，否定②rejectv.拒绝；回绝③denyv.拒绝承认；拒绝接受④declinev.谢绝；婉言拒绝⑤refusaln.拒绝；回绝3.巧记合成名词①falldown→downfall衰败②breakout→outbreak爆发③breakdown→breakdown故障；(关系)破裂④breakthrough→breakthrough突破⑤putout→output产量；输出⑥gettogether→get­together聚会一词表短语1．fall__into__ruin(因无人照料而)衰落，败落2．make__a__getaway逃跑，逃走3．run__for__one's__life逃命4．check__out调查，检查5．test__the__waters试水，试探6．steer__clear__of避开……；从……处脱身7．the__unknown不为人知的地方，人类尚未到达的地方8．set__out动身踏上(漫长的)旅途9．throw__oneself__into积极投入到……中去10．think__twice再三考虑，慎重考虑11．shrink__from避免做，不愿做12．look__into调查(问题)选用上面的短语填空1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheck__outapopulardestination'slesser­knownsights?2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)ThisiswhyCampbellhasset__outtorseawarenessofanditsfuturenow—severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.3．Itisalifeanddeathdecisionforhim,sohemustthink__twice.4．Ithinkalotofpeople,womeninparticular,steer__clear__ofthesesensitiveissues.5．Alargenumberofbuildingsfell__into__ruinaftertheearthquake.6．Spaceexplorationisofgreatsignificance,whichprovidesaplatformforustolook__intotheoriginoftheuniverse.二写作词块1．correspond__to与……相符2．be__based__on基于，以……为基础3．be__surrounded__by被……包围4．be__accurate__to精确到5．on__top__of除……之外6．all__the__more更加7．at__sth's__peak在……的巅峰8．a__combination__of__several__different__factors几个不同因素的结合9．the__downfall__of__the__cities城市的衰败10．offer__a__window__into__...提供了解……的窗口11．at__the__rate__of以……速度；以……比率12．beyond__the__reach__of__...超出……的范围1．(教材P67)除此之外，还有一项当时美洲独有的成就：一个真正的文字系统。(介词短语位于句首引起的倒装)On__top__of__all__this__was__an__achievement__unique__in__the__Americas__at__that__time:__a__true__writing__system.2．(教材P67)玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始，这一事实使得玛雅的种种成就更加令人难以置信、神秘莫测。(that引导同位语从句)The__fact__that__Maya__society__was__technologically__primitive__makes__its__achievements__all__the__more__incredible__and__mysterious.3．(教材P74)基于我们有限的认知，探索海洋可以带来许多科学领域的新发现，这也许就显得不足为奇了。(Itisnosurprisethat...)Given__our__limited__knowledge,__it__is__perhaps__no__surprise__that__exploration__of__the__oceans__continues__to__lead__to__discoveries__in__various__scientific__fields.自主检测一、重点单词1．drillingn.钻探2．intriguev.激起……的兴趣3．tropicn.热带→tropicaladj.来自热带的4．investigatev.调查→investigationn.调查→investigatorn.调查者5．equivalentadj.等同的→equivalencen.相等6．retreatv.后退→retreatmentn.再处理7．noten.注释→notableadj.显要的→notablyadv.特别8．expandv.扩大→expansiveadj.广阔的→expansivelyadv.辽阔地→expansionn.扩大9．civilisev.使开化→civilisedadj.文明的→civilisationn.文明(社会)10．archaeologyn.考古学→archaeologicaladj.考古学的；考古的→archaeologistn.考古学家拔高词汇—高分必备1.vacant/'veIkənt/adj.空的；空缺的2．comb/kəʊm/v.梳，梳理3．pnstaking/'peInzteIkIŋ/adj.辛苦的；需要专注的4．trt/treIt/n.特性；特征5.hop/hɒp/v.单脚跳行；齐足(或双足)跳行6．empathy/'empəθi/n.同感；共情；共鸣7．reel/riːl/v.蹒跚，踉跄8．doom/duːm/n.厄运，劫数二、重点语块Theabandonedfactory,fallen__into__ruin(衰落),wasaforbiddenzone.Localssteered__clear__of(避开)it,butacuriousteenagerset__out(开始)toexplore.Checking__out(检查)theentrance,hehesitated,thinking__twice(慎重考虑)aboutthedanger.Yet,hethrew__himself__into(积极投入到……中去)theadventure,testing__the__waters(试探)oftheunknown.Ashelooked__into(朝……里面看)thedarkness,hedidn'tshrink__from(避免做)thechallenge,instead,hewaspreparedtomake__a__getaway(逃跑),readytorun__for__his__life(逃命)ifneeded.三、重点句式1．窗边坐着一位优雅的女士。(介词短语位于句首引起的倒装)By__the__window__satanelegantwoman.2．鉴于旅游的所有这些优点，旅游在中国越来越受欢迎也就不足为奇了。(Itisnosurprisethat...)Withalltheseadvantagesoftravel,it__is__no__surprise__thattravelhasnowbecomemoreandmorepopularinChina.四、写作佳句1．【教材P68】曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。Its__once­great__cities__fell__into__ruin,__leaving__various__mysteries__for__later__people__to__solve.2．【教材P71】当然，探索并不意味着盲目地将自己置身于未知之中，三思而后行永远没有错。Of__course,__exploration__doesn't__have__to__mean__blindly__throwing__ourselves__into__the__unknown,__and__it's__never__wrong__to__think__twice__before__taking__action.3．【教材P71】虽然我们没有必要对新情况退缩，但我们应该先了解清楚情况，再考虑我们的选择。While__there__is__no__need__for__us__to__shrink__from__new__situations,__we__should__always__look__into__things__first__and__consider__our__options.4．【教材P76】人类正走向海洋发现的新时代，或许有朝一日，我们会像熟悉脚下的土地一样熟悉那海浪下的世界。Humankind__is__entering__a__new__age__of__oceanic__discovery,__and__the__world__beneath__the__waves__may__one__day__be__almost__as__familiar__to__us__as__the__land__we__walk__upon__today.硬核考点考点1buryv.将……埋在下面；埋葬，安葬；埋藏；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入；埋头于，专心于buryoneselfin埋头于；专心于buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面beburiedin埋头于；专心于【联想发散】表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：①bedevotedto;②belostin;③beengagedin;④beabsorbedin;⑤focus/concentrateon。1．Having__been__buried(bury)inhisresearchforseveraldays,hecouldsparenotimetohisownchild.2．Withsomanypeopleburied(bury)undertheruins,noneoftherescueworkerswouldstoptohavearest.3．因为他埋头于书本，所以不知道外面下雨了。Becauseheburied__himself__inhisbooks,hedidn'tknowitwasrningoutside.＝Becausehewas__buried__inhisbooks,hedidn'tknowitwasrningoutside.＝Burying__himself__inhisbooks,hedidn'tknowitwasrningoutside.(现在分词短语作状语)＝Buried__inhisbooks,hedidn'tknowitwasrningoutside.(过去分词短语作状语)4．他双手捂着脸一走进房间，我就知道他没有成功。(写作佳句)Theinstantheenteredtheroomwith__his__face__buried__in__his__hands,__Iknewthathehadnotbeensuccessful.考点2ruinn.(常用复数)[C]残垣断壁，废墟[U]毁灭，毁坏；破产vt.破坏，毁坏；成为废墟；使破产，毁灭inruins严重受损，破败不堪fallintoruin衰落，败落bereducedtoruins沦为废墟ruinoneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruinone'shealth/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途1.Withtimegoingon,thecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowcompletelyinruins.2．Theonce­thrivingtownwasreducedtoruinsbythewar.3．Shewentthroughaperiodinemotionaladjustmentafterhercompanyfellintoruinandshefinallydecidedtofindanewjob.4．地震之后，整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。Thewholecitylay__in__ruins__after__the__earthquakewhichmadeusawakeallnight.5．那时，我妻子的忧虑正在损害着她的健康。At__that__time__my__wife__was__ruining__her__health__through__worry.考点3abandonv.离弃，逃离；沉湎于n.放任；放纵abandononeselfto...＝beabandonedto...(to为介词)沉湎于……；纵情于……abandondoingsth放弃做某事withabandon放纵地；尽情地【联想发散】表示“沉湎于”的短语还有：①beaddictedto；②beobsessedwith。1．Iwillneverabandonreaching(reach)thetopofthe“mountn”becauseIwanttobesuccessfulinlife.2．However,lastmonth,theseplanswere__abandoned(abandon)becauseoffinancialproblems.3．Thefanscheeredwithabandonwhentheirfootballteamwon.4．她似乎完全沉湎于自己的思绪中，对周围的一切都置之不理。Sheseemstobe__abandoned/abandon__herself__to__her__thoughts,__ignoringeverythingaroundher.5．我们应该摒弃那些对我们健康有害的坏习惯，如吸烟、喝酒等。(写作佳句)We__should__abandon__those__bad__habitsthatareharmfultoourhealth,suchassmokinganddrinking.考点4dismissv.拒绝考虑，否定；对……不屑一提；解雇；去除，摒除，消除；让(某人)离开；解散dismisssb/sth(as...)(认为……而)对某人或某物不予理会/不屑一提dismisssbfrom...把某人从……解雇/开除dismisssbfor...因……解雇某人1.Hisplanwasdismissedasuseless,leavinghimfrustratedanddiscouraged.2．Employeescanbedismissedforrevealingtradesecrets.3．Sheclmsshewasunfrlydismissedfromherpost.4．在炙热的太阳光下，我把来接我的车打发走，徒步走完了最后一英里路程。Inthehotsun,Idismissed__the__car__that__came__to__pick__me__upandwalkedthelastmile.【北师版选择性必修第一册写作佳句】Althoughitisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therateatwhichthisisnowhappeningiscauseforconcern.虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。考点5equivalentadj.等同的；等值的；相当的n.相等的东西；等量；对应的人(或事物)beequivalentto等同于；相当于beequivalentin在……方面等同theequivalentof/tosth等同于某物；相当于某物1.Itisanticipatedthattheequivalentof/to192full­timejobswillbelost.2．It'simportanttostressthatthisqualificationisnotequivalenttoadegree.3．经济进步与社会福利之间绝非简单等同。There__is__no__strghtforward__equivalencebetweeneconomicprogressandsocialwell­being.考点6checkout调查，检查；查看；结账离开；(从图书馆)借出(书)checkin(在机场、旅馆等)登记，报到checkinto登记入住(旅馆/私立医院)checkon检查；核实1.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)TheytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandtovisitingChinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.2．Iwenttothelibrarytodayandcheckedoutacoupleofbooksonprogramming.3．TheyarrivedinBeijingatmidnightandcheckedinto/inBeijingHotel.考点7throwoneselfinto积极投入到……中去throwin奉送；额外赠送throwaway扔掉，丢弃，抛弃；失去，浪费throwaside扔到一边；拒绝接受(某种看法、生活方式等)throwsbalook/glance/smile朝某人看了看/瞥了一眼/笑了笑1.Hequicklythrewhistoolsaside,__andstartedrunning,armsout.2．Ifyoubuyarefrigerator,wewillthrowinamicrowaveoven.3．他朝安娜看了一眼，什么也没说就离开了。Hethrew__Anna__a__look__and__left__without__saying__anything．4．我准备投入到志愿者活动中去，希望帮助更多的贫困儿童。(写作佳句)I__am__preparing__to__throw__myself__into__volunteer__activities,__hopingtohelpmorepoorchildren.考点8that引导同位语从句that可以引导名词性从句，无意义。引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，通常不能省略；引导宾语从句时，that通常可以省略(第二个及之后的that不可省略)。that可以引导定语从句，指代人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。that在从句中充当宾语时，通常可以省略。1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)ThegardenalsocontnsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.2．Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresent.3．TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespeciesthatlivewithintheGiantPandaRange.4．天气一转暖，我毫不怀疑这只小黑犀牛每天都会外出探险和玩耍。Assoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihave__no__doubt__thatthelittleblackrhinowillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.【人教版选择性必修第四册写作佳句】Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothatwecantakeaction.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们才能采取行动。强化训练一、单句语法填空1．Oneofthemostnotable(note)featuresofChinesepoetryisitsuseofimageryandsymbolism.2．AsfarasIamconcerned,themostpressingissuefacingwildlifetodayishabitatlossduetohumanexpansion(expand)．3．Hewasdismissedfromthecompanyintheabsenceoftheproofofhisinnocence.4．Itisnowonderthatthewholebuildingsisnowinruins(ruin);itcaughtafirelastnight.5．Thegirlsjumpedupanddownandwavedtheirarmswithabandon.6．However,manypeoplearguethatinformationexplosionisnottheequivalentof/toknowledgeexplosion.7．Youngpeoplearenotthrowingawaytraditions,butcelebratingthefestivalinnewandinnovativeways.8．Buried(bury)indoingresearchonwildplants,heseldomreturnedhome.9．Themeaningofstudyinghistoryliesinprotectingcivilisation(civilise),cultureandtraditionsandpassingthemontotheyoungergeneration.10．Thereisnothingthatcanstophimfromdoingit.二、熟词生义1．Weshoulddismissthethoughtofrevenge.打消2．Inthefaceofadversity,hedidn'tshrinkfromthechallenge.退缩3．Thebabyhadbeenabandonedbyitsmother.抛弃4．Hisdreamgetawayisatropicalislandwithwhitesandybeaches.度假胜地三、构词法词缀含义例词­ical表示……的，属于……的，有……性质的，具有……的archaeological,__political,skeptical,technical,typical,economical,technological,practical写出下列黑体词的含义1．(2024·全国甲卷)Likeintypicalfamilies,whereboyswerefavouredmuchmorethangirls,mygrandmahadtostayathometodohousework.典型的2．(2024·北京高考)WithlifeintheunforgivingNorthernCanadabeingsodemanding,theInuit'spracticalapproachtomoralitymadegoodsense.切实有效的3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople'sestimatesbeindependent.专业的4．Tobeginwith,talkaboutChina'seconomicgrowthandtechnologicaladvancements,whicharethehighlightsinthepastfewdecades.技术的5．Today,Chinahasdramaticallyincreaseditsinputintoculturalheritageprotection,andarchaeologicalprotectiontechnologiesareimproving.考古学的6．ThereisnodenyingthatChinaisplayinganimportantroleontheinternationalpoliticalstage.政治的四、补全句子1．在恐惧的包围下，詹姆斯陷入了绝望。Surroundedbyfear,Jameabandoned__himself__to__despr．2．我喜欢提前查看路线，这样我就不会在开车去面试的路上遇到任何意外。Iliketocheck__out__the__route__in__advancesothatIdon'trunintoanysurpriseswhenI'mdrivingtomyinterview.3．那些年轻的姑娘在大学里积极地投入到学习中。Thoseyoungladiesthrew__themselves__into__studywhentheywereinuniversity.4．许多古老的寺庙随着时间的流逝已经败落，它们曾经的辉煌现在只存在于记忆中。Manyancienttempleshave__fallen__into__ruin__over__time,__theirgrandeurnowonlyamemory.5．这位艺术家埋头于他的艺术创作，忘记了时间和周围的环境。The__artist__buried__himself__in__his__artwork,__losingtrackoftimeandsurroundings.6．人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。Peopleusedtoholdthebeliefthat__the__earth__was__the__center__of__the__universe．五、长难句分析(2024·浙江高考1月)We'renottempted(诱惑)bysugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.句意：诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球各种信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样。分析：句子主干是We're__not__tempted__(诱惑)__by__sugary__treats,__but__by__our__computers,__phones,__and__tablets；第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词devices；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词various__types__of__information。读写用—素养提升一、加强语言运用——明晰考向以阅读促运用(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)WhenJimGrantspottedblacksmokecomingoutofabuildingonhiswaytowork,he__41__hiscartocall911.Thenhe__42__aU­turn,circlingbacktotakeanotherlook.Pullinguptothebuilding,Grantsawflames(火焰)shootingoutofasecond­floorwindow.Notseeingorhearinganyfireengines__43__，Grantrushedtoaside__44__andranupthestrs.Onthesecondfloor,he__45__everyapartmentdoor.“Getout！”Grantshouted.Noone__46__andheassumedthatpeoplehadalready__47__.Reachingtheendofthehallway,though,Grant__48__ahalf­opendoor.Hekickeditwideopen,findinga__49__womaninawheelchrwithalittleboyandatinybaby.“Let's__50__！”hescreamed.Thewomanlookedathiminconfusionandsdsomethingaboutchangingherclothes.Grantdidn'twt,clutching(抓牢)thebabytohischestand__51__theboyalongside,Grantrandownthehallway.Whenhewas__52__outside,theonly__53__insightwasapoliceman.Granttoldhimaboutthe__54__andtheyrushedintothesmokybuilding.Thankstothem,afamilywassavedfromthefire.Grantandthepolicemanwerehonoredfortheir__55__．篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Grant(格兰特)见义勇为的故事。41．A.drove B．stoppedC．reached D．abandoned答案：B解析：根据上文“blacksmokecomingoutofabuilding”可知，大楼着火了，所以他停下车去拨打911报警。故选B。42．A.saw B．madeC．missed D．crossed答案：B解析：makeaU­turn意为“掉头”，为固定搭配。故选B。43．A.burning B．leavingC．approaching D．wting答案：C解析：火焰已经从二楼喷出来，并且Grant跑上楼梯去救火，由此可以推测消防车还没来，此处approach表示“接近”，符合题意。故选C。44．A.entrance B．roadC．building D．window答案：A解析：二楼窗户喷火并且消防车没来，Grant为了救火冲到了侧门，sideentrance“侧门”，符合题意。故选A。45．A.locked B．kickedC．counted D．repred答案：B解析：根据上文可知，大楼着火了。Grant冲上楼去救火，所以踢门符合当时救人心切的情境。故选B。46．A.agreed B．caredC．responded D．understood答案：C解析：Grant踢门询问里面是否有人，再结合后面他认为人已经逃走了可推知，此处表示没有人回应他。故选C。47．A.arrived B．returnedC．hidden D．escaped答案：D解析：Grant踢门但没有人回应，所以他以为人们已经逃走，escape“逃走”，符合题意。故选D。48．A.skipped B．closedC．noticed D．remembered答案：C解析：Grant以为人们都逃走了，并且Grant是来救人的，所以Grant注意到一扇半开的门。故选C。49．A.frightened B．curiousC．patient D．grateful答案：A解析：frightened害怕的；curious好奇的；patient有耐心的；grateful感激的。根据下文中的“Thewomanlookedathiminconfusion”可知，该女士有些茫然，结合语境可排除B、C、D三项，大楼发生了火灾，所以女士是害怕的。故选A。50．A.turnback B．goupC．getout D．liedown答案：C解析：turnback返回；goup上升；getout出去；liedown躺下。Grant找到了被困人员，所以要带他们出去。故选C。51．A.following B．draggingC．examining D．passing答案：B解析：follow跟随；drag拖拉；拖着(脚或腿)走；examine测试；pass通过。根据语境可知，Grant一手抓牢婴儿，一手拽着小男孩沿着走廊跑去。结合选项可排除A、C、D三项。故选B。52．A.safely B．secretlyC．suddenly D．previously答案：A解析：safely安全地；secretly秘密地；suddenly突然地；previously以前地。Grant把被困人员救了出来，此处表示安全地到达外面。故选A。53．A.witness B．guideC．service D．help答案：D解析：witness目击者；guide指南；service服务；help帮助。警察是提供帮助的。故选D。54．A.woman B．doorC．car D．baby答案：A解析：Grant把婴儿和小男孩救出来了，那位女士还没有出来，所以他告诉警察那位女士还在里面。故选A。55．A.wisdom B．generosityC．honesty D．courage答案：D解析：wisdom智慧；generosity慷慨；honesty诚实；courage勇气。警察和Grant冲进大火里救了这一家人，是非常有勇气的，所以因他们的勇气而受到表彰。故选D。根据排除法确定答案1．排除法是一种有效的策略，特别是在时间紧迫或选项难以抉择时，它能帮助快速缩小选择范围，提高解题效率。2．当不确定正确答案时，可以先排除明显不符合语境或语法规则的选项，再从中选择最符合文章意义的词汇。二、读后续写——必备微技能高品素材修辞1．比喻：利用事物相似之处用熟知的、浅显的、具体的事物去说明或描写生疏的、深奥的、抽象的事物。常用喻词有like,as...as,asif,be动词等。(1)Herlaughterwaslikeawarmblanket.她的笑声像毛毯一样温暖。(2)Herskinwasassmoothassilk.她的皮肤像丝绸一样光滑。(3)Lifeisanunexploredriver,fulloftwistsandturns.生活就像一条未被涉足的河流，充满曲折。2．拟人：把事物人格化，将本来不具备人的动作和感情的事物变成和人一样具有动作和感情的样子。(1)Theflowersnoddedinthebreeze.花儿在微风中点头。(2)Theroseinthegardengavemeasmileofvictory.花园中的玫瑰给了我一个胜利的微笑。(3)Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.顷刻间，黑暗统治了森林。(4)Fearseized/swallowedhim.恐惧吞噬了他。3．夸张：为了表达强烈的思想感情，突出事物的形象、特征、作用、程度等，运用丰富的想象力，对事物的某些方面着意夸大或缩小的修辞手法。(1)Shealmostdiedlaughing.她差点笑死了。(2)Hewassotallthathisheadtouchedtheclouds.他太高了，头都快顶到云彩了。(3)Hearingthenews,shefoundscoresofarrowswerepiercingherchest.听到这个消息，她感到万箭穿心。(4)Myheartbrokeintoaboutamillionpieces.我的心都碎了。4．排比：利用意义相关或相近，结构(主、谓、宾、状等)相同或相似和语气相同的词组或句子并排(三句或三句以上)，段落并排(两段即可),达到一种加强语势的效果。(1)Motherwasverybusygatheringthelaundry,dustingthefurnitureandwashingthedishes.母亲正忙着收拾要洗的衣服，掸去家具上的灰尘，洗碗。(2)Whetherinclass,atwork,orathome,Jameswasalwaysbusy.无论是在课堂上，在工作中，还是在家里，詹姆斯总是忙碌的。(3)Don'tmakepromisewhenyouareinjoy.Don'treplywhenyouaresad.Don'ttakedecisionwhenyouareangry.Thinktwiceandactwise.别在喜悦的时候许下承诺；别在悲伤的时候做出回答；别在愤怒的时候作出决定。三思而后行。做出睿智的行为。(4)Pnmakesyoustronger,tearsmakeyoubraver,heartbreakmakesyouwiser,sothankthepastforabetterfuture.痛苦，会让你更强大；眼泪，会让你更勇敢；心碎，会让你更睿智，所以为了更好的未来感谢过去吧。高效课时作业Ⅰ.阅读A(2025·四川省绵阳市高三一诊)CoveringhugelandsofChileandArgentinaintheSouthernHemisphere,Patagoniaisheavenforfansofoutdooradventures.ElCalafate,ArgentinaEveryday,groupsofbusesdepartElCalafateforthePeritoMorenoglacier—anaccessibleicysight,andoneoftheworld'sfewadvancingglaciers.Aseriesofboardwalksleadtovariousviewpointsthatallowyoutobeamazedatthisshining,blue­whitewallofice.Futaleufú，ChileImagineit:youandtherestoftheraftingcrewarewtingforthesignalfromtheraftingguidetorowlikeyourlifedependsonit.Hugeriverwavesarehittingtheboatandwhite­watersprayshowersyouheadtofoot.YouwipethewateroutofyoureyesandenjoythesunshinewhenpeopleintheNorthernHemispheresufferfromthefreezingcold,andtherearenumerousguesthouseswhereyoucanbaseyourself.CuevadelasManos,ArgentinaInahiddencanyon,reachablebytouroryourownwheels,aboardwalkleadsyoupastavastoverhangingrockface,decoratedwithancientrockart.ThisUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteisoneofthemostfamousrockartsitesinSouthAmerica,withover800outlinesofhumanhandsandfeetofwildlife.PuntaTombo,ArgentinaYousmellthepenguinsbeforeyouseethem.ThepresenceofnearlyamillionMagellanicpenguins—somehidingunderground,somegoingfishinginthesea,othersstandingaround—hasapowerfuleffectonyoursenses.Thelong,narrowpeninsulaalsoattractsgulls,flightlesssteamerducks,andblackoystercatchers.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了位于南半球巴塔哥尼亚的四个户外探险圣地。1．WhatcanyoudoinElCalafate,Argentina?A．Carveicywalls. B．Admireglaciers.C．Enjoybustours. D．Decorateboardwalks.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据ElCalafate,Argentina部分中的“Aseriesofboardwalks...blue­whitewallofice.(一系列木板路通向不同的观赏点，让你惊叹于这闪闪发光的蓝白色冰墙。)”可知，在ElCalafate可以欣赏冰川。故选B。2．Inwhichmonthcanyoutakeonthewhite­waterraftingtrips?A．January. B．May.C．August. D．October.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据Futaleufú，Chile部分中的“Hugeriverwavesarehittingtheboat...whereyoucanbaseyourself.”可知，当北半球的人们饱受严寒之苦时，你可以在Futaleufú享受阳光，进行漂流。结合常识可推知，“白水漂流之旅”应该在南半球的夏季进行，即12月到2月之间。故选A。3．Whereshouldyougoifyouareinterestedinobservinglivewildlife?A．Futaleufú，Chile.B．ElCalafate,Argentina.C．PuntaTombo,Argentina.D．CuevadelasManos,Argentina.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据PuntaTombo,Argentina部分中的“Thepresenceofnearlyamillion...andblackoystercatchers.(近百万只麦哲伦企鹅——有的躲藏在地下，有的在海里捕鱼，还有的只是站在那里——会给你的感官带来强烈的震撼。这个狭长半岛还吸引着海鸥、无法飞翔的潜鸭和黑蛎鹬。)”可知，如果你对观察野生生物感兴趣，你应该去阿根廷的PuntaTombo。故选C。B(2025·河南省驻马店市高三期末)Onlyafewadventurousindividualssledtheseas,drovewagons,orrodehorses,andthemajorityofpeoplethroughouthumanhistoryhavereliedontheirowntwofeetfortransportation,movingonestepatatime.Perhapsthat'swhyretiredTheWallStreetJournalreporterandcancersurvivorNeilKingdecidedtotakeajourneytoexploreasmallpartofAmerica'srichhistory,seekingtorediscoveritsroots.“Iwasofftodosomethingthatwasverypureandbasic，”Neilsd,“justtonoticethingsandimmersemyselfinawalkthroughonespringthathadkindofcleansedmyeyesinsomeways,ormyspirit.”ItseemedappropriatetostartthejourneyintoAmerica'spastinWashington,D．C.“Thisisthefrontyard,thenation'sfrontyard，”Neilsd.“Itjustseemedliketheperfectplacetostartthiswalk.”ThenNeilcrossedtheMason­DixonLine,whichrunsthroughthemiddleofa19th­centuryfarm.InYork,hewalkedthroughacemetery(公墓),wheresomevolunteerswerecleaningupandhonoringunsungheroes.InPennsylvania,hestoppedforanafternoontosocializewithsomelocals.“Ontheroad,ImetsomanygreatpeoplethatIalmostfeltwereputtherebysomehigherpowertointeractwithme，”Neilsd.“Andindeed,arewenottheoffspring(后代)ofapowergreaterthanourselves,thepowerofcommunity？”Meanwhile,thehealthbenefitsofwalkingareobvious:increasedcardiocapacity,deeperbreathingthatenergizesthelung,andpowertoalmosteverymuscleinthebody.Onanotherlevel,movingthroughthesmalldetlsoflivesintertwinedwithhistoryandemotiongiveshimasenseofwhatwecanaccomplish.Neilsd,“Finally,Ithinkthewalk,despiteallthegloomythoughtsthatcanarisefromvariousepisodesinourhistoryandpast,unexpectedlyfilledmewithamoreconstructiveexpectationforwhat'stocome.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了NeilKing(尼尔·金)决定通过步行探索美国，感受社区力量以及获得健康益处和积极人生态度的故事。4．WhydidNeilchoosewalkingashistravellingmode?A．Hetriedhisbesttofigureoutthemeaningoflife.B．Hewantedtodrawmuchmoreattentionfromothers.C．Hefollowedthemostcommonpracticetoimprovehimself.D．HehopedtohavethechancetopromoteAmericanhistory.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第五段中的“Meanwhile,thehealthbenefitsofwalking...inthebody.”可知，在人类历史上，大多数人依靠步行旅行，Neil选择步行作为他的旅行方式，是遵循了最常见的做法。同时，步行也能给个体的健康带来好处，也是提升自己的机会。故选C。5．WhatisParagraph3mnlyabout?A．Neil'swalkingexperiences.B．Neil'sknowledgeofhistory.C．ThefamousattractionsintheUSA.D．TheuniquenessofWashington,D．C.答案：A解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要讲述了Neil在华盛顿特区开始旅程，穿越了梅森­迪克逊线，在约克穿过公墓，在宾夕法尼亚州停下来和当地人交流，所以Neil的步行经历是本段的主要内容。故选A。6．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“intertwined”inParagraph5?A．satisfied B．connectedC．familiar D．busy答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“ThenNeilcrossedtheMason­DixonLine...withsomelocals.”可知，在Neil的旅行中，他会接触到各种与历史和情感相互关联的生活细节。画线词所在句中的“intertwinedwithhistoryandemotion”作后置定语，修饰名词词组smalldetlsoflives，画线词意为“交织，紧密相连”，与connected意思相近。故选B。7．HowdidNeilfeelintheend?A．Shocked. B．Tired.C．Optimistic. D．Cu