2025-2026学年云南省昭通市镇雄县高一上学期第一次月考英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1云南省昭通市镇雄县2025-2026学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ADayCampisanall-dayprogramme.Children(aged6-12years)cantakepartwhenschoolisout.Thisfun-filledprogrammeisaboutsports,gamesandotherfunactivities.Hereistheprogrammeinformationandhowyoucanregister(登记)forthecamp:ProgrammeinformationOct.20—Oct.26,20257am—5pmRegisteringinformationOnline:fromnowtoOct.9,2025Walk-in:fromnowtoOct.12,2025Thecostforonechildis$20perday.A20%discountisofferedforatwo-dayparticipation.Parentsneedtoknow:●DayCampisforchildrenaged6-12yearsold.●Childrenwhotakepartmustbringalunchandtwosnacksthatdonotneedheatingortobekeptinafridge.WhatyourchildrencandoattheDayCamp:●Paint,drawandmakecrafts(工艺品).●Playsports,games,andtakefieldtrips.●Havefreetimeinthegym.●Enjoydramaandmovies.●Havefuninscienceprojects.Ifyouwanttokeepaspot(位置)foryourchild,youneedto:●Payinfull.●First-come,first-served.●Weencourageyoutopayforthedaysyourchildwillbeinthecamp.Clickheretolearnmore:1.HowlongdoestheDayCamplasteachday?A.7hours. B.9hours. C.10hours. D.13hours.2.Howmuchwoulditcostforachildtoattendthecampfor2days?A.$20. B.$32. C.$40. D.$48.3.WhichactivityisNOTmentionedintheDayCampprogramme?A.Scienceprojects. B.Dramaandmovies.C.Sportsandgames. D.Cookingclasses.BHanselEnmanuel,a19-year-oldbasketballplayer,hasdrawnattentionaftervideosspreadquicklyshowinghisawesomeskills,likemaking3-pointshotsanddunking(灌篮)withease.Allwithjusthisrightarm.Itlooksalmosteffortlesswhenheplays.However,it’snot.Itneverhasbeen.Enmanuelwas6whenhewasclimbingawall.Itfelloverhim,andbricksandblocksfellonhisleftarm.Hewasrushedtothehospital,butthedoctorcouldn’tsavehisarmanditwascutoffseveralinchesbelowtheshoulder.ItwasadarktimeforEnmanuelandhisfamily.Slowly,thingsgotbetterforthelittleboy.Hestillremembersthefirsttimehetiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuelwaswaitingforhismothertodoitforhim,butshewasbusycooking.“Iwaslike,nevermind,I’mgoingtostart,”hesaidinarecentinterview.“Itoldmyselfletmetry.Iwastrying.ThenImadeit.”“SoIwasexcited,excitedlikecrazy,”headded.Smallthingsbecamehugevictories.Monthsafterthat,Enmanueltriedbasketball,too.Butit’snotaneasypath.Hismissingarmlefthimlackingbalance.Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtotheground,fallingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheinterview,Enmanuelpointedtothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.Enmanuelfirstdunkedat14,anditwasn’tlongbeforehispopularitygrewwiththeviewsonhisvideos.Butitwasn’tthehighlightvideosthatinterestedhiscoach,CoreyGipson.HelikedEnmanuel’sattitudetodealwithchallenges.“Hanselisaverytoughperson,”Gipsonsaid.“Whenyouseehimonthefloor,youjustseeanunstoppableforcethatdoesn’ttakeanythingforgranted.”“I’mnotspecial,”Enmanuelsaid.“I’mnotdifferentfromanybodyelse.TheonlydifferenceisthatI’vegotonearm,butthat’snotdifferent.”4.WhichistheprimaryreasonEnmanuel’sstoryhasattractedwidespreadattention?A.Hiscoach’spublicpraiseofhisexcellence.B.Therapidspreadofhisvideosonsocialmedia.C.Hisextraordinaryphysicalstrengthdespitehavingoneleg.D.Hisabilitytoperformwonderfulbasketballskillswithadisability.5.Whydoestheauthordescribe“thescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg”inthenarrative?A.Tostressthephysicalharmfromthewallaccident.B.Toshowthemedicalproblemshehadaftertheoperation.C.Tosymbolizethefailuresandconstanteffortsbehindhissuccess.D.Tohighlightthepoorconditionsofthecourtheplayedon.6.WhatimpressedCoachCoreyGipsomostaboutEnmanuel?A.Hisphysicalstrength.B.Hisattitudetowardschallenges.C.Hisdunkingskillsatage14.D.Thenumberofviewsonhisvideos.7.Whatisthestorytryingtoconvey?A.Naturaltalentisthekeytosuccessinsports.B.Socialmediapopularitydefinesanathlete’svalue.C.Determinationandapositivemindsetcanovercomeobstacles.D.Physicaldisabilitiespreventpeoplefromachievinggreatness.CInordertohelpchangeourinfluenceontheenvironmentoftheearth,aCalifornia-basedorganisationissearchingtobuildanAIlanguage.Itcanallowpeopletodeeplyunderstandnonhumanlanguages.AzaRaskinistheco-founderandpresidentoftheEarthSpeciesProject(ESP),anorganisationthatusesaformofAItotranslatenon-humanlanguages.ESPwantstouseitsmachinelearningtechnologytounderstandthisimportantinformationandmakeiteasilyknowntothepublic.Raskinstressedtheirpurposetohelpintheprotectionbyexplaining,“Theendweareworkingtowardsis,wecandiscoverthenon-humanlanguage,anddecode(破译)animalcommunication.Alongtheway,whatisalsoimportantisthatwearedevelopingtechnologythatsupportsscientistsandprotection.”ESPbelievesthatunderstandinglanguagescanhelpdeepenourrelationshipwithanimalsandallowustobetterprotectthem.Inthepast,understandingthecommunicationofanimalsheavilydependedonagreatdealofobservation.Whetheritisalarmcallsorsoundsmadebydolphinsorelephants,scientistshavebeenamazedbythedifferentformsofnon-humancommunicationpresentintheseanimals.Withthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies,researchershavenowbeguntounderstandagreatdealofdatatheycangetthroughmachinelearning.ElodieBriefer,aprofessorattheUniversityofCopenhagen,hasrecentlyhelpedco-developapiggrunt(呼噜声)analysingalgorithm.Itcanhelpscientistsunderstandwhetherthepigsareexpressingpositiveornegativefeelings.However,ESPisdoingitdifferently,byfocusingonallkindsofanimals,notjustone.ESPbelievesitislikelythatsocialanimalscommunicatewitheachother,forexample,whalesanddolphins.AlthoughESPbelievesthatunderstandingAImachinelearningdataisonlyonesteptowardsfullcommunication,itbelievesthatonedaywewillbeabletounderstandentiresystemsofcommunication.8.WhatisthemaingoaloftheEarthSpeciesProject?A.Tofocusonmarineanimalresearch.B.TodecodeanimalcommunicationusingAItechnology.C.Todevelopproductsfeaturinganimalvoices.D.Toreplacetraditionalanimalobservationmethodscompletely.9.Howdidresearchersprimarilystudyanimalcommunicationinthepast?A.Throughextensiveobservation. B.Byfocusingonlyonpiggrunts.C.Usingmachinelearningalgorithms. D.BydevelopingAIlanguagemodels.10.HowdoesESP’sapproachdifferfromElodieBriefer’sresearch?A.ESPusessimpleralgorithms. B.ESPreliesmoreonhumanobservation.C.ESPstudiesawiderrangeofspecies. D.ESPignoresemotionalaspectsofcommunication.11.WhatdoesESPbelieveaboutthefutureofunderstandinganimalcommunication?A.Itwillremainlimitedtosimplesounds.B.Onlymarineanimalscanbefullydecoded.C.Onlymachinelearningdatawilleverbeavailable.D.Fullcommunicationsystemsmayeventuallybeunderstood.DMorethan50countriesandlocalities,includingtheUK,haverecentlyintroducedtaxes(税)onsoftdrinks.Thereisstilladebateabouttheeffectofsuchtaxes.Anewresearchsurveystheevidenceontheeffectsofsoftdrinktaxesonpricesandpurchasesin27studiescovering11areas.Thereasonfortaxingsoftdrinksisthattherearecostsassociatedwiththeirconsumptionthatpeopledonotfullyconsider.Forexample,thereisalargebodyofevidenceconnectingtheconsumptionofsugarydrinkswithincreasedratesofobesity(肥胖),toothdecay(龋齿)andotherhealthconditions,resultinginworsehealthforindividualsandhigherhealthcarecostsbornebythepubliclyfundedhealthservice.Imposing(征收)ataxonsugarysoftdrinksactstoincreasetheprice,andcanencouragepeopletoturntootherthings.20ofthestudiesthatwesurveyedlookattheeffectsofsoftdrinktaxesonprices.Thesestudiesfindthattaxesincreasethepricesfacedbyconsumers.Thesizeofthepriceincreasevaries,reflectingdifferencesinthesizeandstructureofthetax,thesetofproductsandthesizeofthegeographicalareatowhichitapplies.Forexample,priceincreasesaretypicallylessthantheamountofthetaxinsmallerareas—suchasBerkeley—wheretheeaseofavoidingthetaxleadstocompetitivepressurestokeeppricesdown.Acommonreviewoftaxesonsoftdrinksisthattheydisproportionately(不成比例地)influencelowerincomeindividuals,becausethesepeoplespendalargerpercentageoftheirincomeonsoftdrinks.However,poordietanditsnegativehealtheffectsarealsomorecommonamonglowerincomehouseholds;therecouldbealotofhealthbenefitsiftaxesleadthesehouseholdstoreducetheirintakeofsugarysoftdrinks.Anumberofstudieslookatwhethertheeffectsoftaxesdifferacrosspeople,withvarying,andsometimescontradictory(矛盾的)findings.Forexample,studiesinChile,CataloniaandPhiladelphiafindthatpurchasesfellmostamonghighersocio-economicstatus(SES)households,astudyinMexicofindsthatpurchasesfellmostamonglowerSES,andanotherstudyinMexicofindsnosignificantdifferenceacrossSES.12.Whyaretaxesimposedonsoftdrinksaccordingtothetext?A.Toboostgovernmentincome.B.Todealwiththeexternalcostsofconsumption.C.Topromoteinternationaltradeofdrinks.D.Tolowertheproductionexpensesofsoftdrinks.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Theeffectofsoftdrinktaxesisthesameinallregions.B.Smallerregionsconsistentlyavoidimposingsoftdrinktaxes.C.Localmarketconditionssignificantlyinfluencehowtaxesaffectprices.D.Taxamountsarefullypassedtoconsumersthroughpriceincreases.14.Despitethefinancialburden,whatpotentialbenefitcansoftdrinktaxesbringtolower-incomehouseholds?A.Higherdisposableincome.B.Greatersocialwelfaresupport.C.Increasedaccesstoluxurygoods.D.Improveddietaryhabitsandhealthoutcomes.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SoftDrinkTaxes:EvidenceandDebates.B.HealthImpactsofSugaryDrinks.C.TaxEffectsonLow-IncomeGroups.D.GlobalTrendsinSoftDrinkTaxation.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FiveTipstoLetYourEmotionsAllOutWeallfeelstrongemotions—sadnessfromamissedchance,angeroverunfairness,orworrybeforeabigday.Bottlingthemupmakesusfeelheavy,butlettingthemouthealthilyeasestheload.Herearefivesimpletipstoreleaseyourfeelingswithoutharm.Nameyourtrueemotion.____16____.It’seasytosay“I’mstressed,”butthat’stoovague(不明确的).Stop,takeabreath,andask:“Isthissadness?Frustration?Fear?”Namingit—like“I’mhurtbecausemyfriendcanceledtheparty.”—makesitfeelsmaller.Italsohelpsyoupicktherightwaytoletitgo,insteadofreactingquickly.Usemovementtoreleasetension.Emotionsgetstuckinourbodies:atightchestwhensad,tremblinghandswhenangry.Movinghelpsreleasethattension.Youdon’tneedaworkout—goforashortwalk,dancetoasong,squeezeastressball,orpaceyourroom.____17____.Sharewithsomeoneyoutrust.Talkinghelpsalot—ifyouchatwithsomeoneyoutrust.Thiscouldbeaparent,friend,orteacher.____18____.Youmightsimplysay,“I’mworriedaboutmytest.”Agoodlistenerwon’tjudge—they’lljustletyouspeak.Thislightenstheweightofyouremotions.Acceptallyouremotionsasokay.Don’ttellyourself“Ishouldn’tfeelthisway.”Allemotionsarenormal.____19____—tearsreleasesadness.Holdingbackbecauseyouthinkyou“should”bestrongonlykeepsfeelingstrapped.Lettingthemshowishonest,notweak.____20____.Afterlettinganemotionout,pausetoreflect.Ask:“HowdoIfeelnow?Didwalking/talkinghelp?”Thishelpsyoulearn.Forexample,ifdancingcalmedyouranger,you’llknowtodoitnexttime.Italsohelpsyouunderstandwhattriggersyourfeelings,soyouhandlethembetter.A.Ifyouwanttocry,justcryB.ReflectonyourexperienceafterwardsC.First,figureoutwhatyou’rereallyfeelingD.ActuallysometimesyoucanfindsolutionsonyourownE.Youdon’tneedtofixtheproblem;justsharehowyoufeelF.Soit’simportanttochooseahealthierwaytoexpressemotionsG.Physicalactivitycalmsyourbodyandmind,makingemotionseasiertohandle第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atonly14yearsold,EricKilburnstoodabout2meterstall.Hefacedagreat____21____.Hisfeetwerethelargestanyonehadeverseen.Itwasreally____22____tofindshoesthatcouldfithisfeetwell.Nosportsbrand(品牌)had____23____suchlargeshoesbefore.Foralongtime,Ericwas____24____towearslippers(拖鞋)eveninthewintertoo,fortherewereno____25____shoes.Eric’smotherRebecca’sonly____26____wastobuyshoescreatedbyanorthopedicspecialist(矫形专家),butat$1,500apair,whichwastoo____27____forthefamily.SoshesetupaGoFundMepage(网页)to____28____money.Rebecca’spage____29____theattentionofasportswearcompany.They____30____Eric’sfootsize,andthenmadecustomshoes(定制鞋).Ericwas____31____.“Ijustfeellikeahugeweighthasbeendroppedoffmyshoulders.Theproblemisfinally_____32_____,”hesaid.Thestorydidn’tend.AnAmericanbasketballplayerShaquilleO’NealalsosentshoesofhissizetoEric.ButEricwasn’tabletousethem,becauseO’Nealwearssize22shoes,____33____hisshoesweresize23.Rebecca____34____thesupportforhersonanddecidedtopayallthiskindnessforward.Yearslater,shestartedBigShoeNetwork,acommunityforconnecting(联系)teenagersfacing____35____problems.21.A.danger B.chance C.responsibility D.challenge22.A.useful B.hard C.important D.normal23.A.divided B.moved C.designed D.organized24.A.advised B.ordered C.forced D.encouraged25.A.suitable B.plastic C.cheap D.nice26.A.lecture B.choice C.impression D.program27.A.late B.formal C.heavy D.expensive28.A.pay B.discuss C.collect D.lend29.A.attracted B.controlled C.helped D.changed30.A.measured B.imagined C.prepared D.guessed31.A.annoyed B.disappointed C.addicted D.excited32.A.owned B.finished C.solved D.protected33.A.while B.if C.how D.why34.A.created B.thanked C.improved D.developed35.A.necessary B.sudden C.traditional D.similar第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadays,moreandmoreyoungpeoplearedoingvolunteerwork.Theydounpaidworkforcharities(慈善机构).Theybuildhomesfor____36____poor,careforhomelesspeople,andhelpprotectanimals.Somevolunteersevenhelpbuildschoolsforchildreninrural(农村的)____37____(area).Volunteersfromsomecharitiesalsoorganizeeducationalprogramsforchildren,____38____aretaughtdifferentsubjects.Volunteershelp____39____(they)exploretheworldthroughbooks.____40____thesametime,volunteeringisalsoagreatexperienceforvolunteers____41____(learn).“Canwe____42____(true)makeadifference(起作用)intheworldbyvolunteering?”somepeoplemightask.Well,yes!Thankstovolunteers,thelivesofmillionsofpeople____43____(be)improving.Andintheireyes,thesunisprobably____44____(bright)thanitusedtobe.Althoughvolunteerscannotchangetheworldintwoorthreeweeks,theylookforwardto____45____(do)theirparttomaketheworldabetterplace.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是李华，你的好友Charlie来信说进入高中后，因考试压力大导致出现睡眠问题，对他的健康和学习都产生了极大的影响，因此写信向你求助。请你给他一些实用的建议，内容包括：1.表示理解和安慰；2.提出建议；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数不少于80词；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Atasmallcountryschool,IhadabestfriendnamedLuke.Myfamilywasrich,butLuke’sfamilywaspoor.Evenso,wewerealwaystogetherandhadagreatfriendship.Weplayed,didhomework,andtalkedundertheoldbanyantreeeveryday.Onesunnyafternoon,Ibroughtmyfavoritestampcollection(集邮)toschool,especiallytoshowLukeararestamp(邮票)myunclegaveme.Lukelovedit—hetouchedthestampsgentlyandsaidtheywereamazing.Ifelthappytoshareitwithhim.Butthenextmorning,therarestampwasgone(消失).Isearchedeverywhereinmyroombutcouldn’tfindit.ThenIthought:Lukewastheonlyonewhosawit.Didhetakeit?Thenextday,IaskedLukeangrily,“Didyoutakemystamp?”Helookedshockedandsaid,“No!I’dnevertakeyourthings.You’remyfriend.”ButIdidn’tbelievehim.Ispokecoldly,andLukewalkedaway,hurt.Afterthat,westoppedtalkingandavoidedeachother.Ourgoodfriendshipwasbroken,allbecauseoftheloststamp.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Aweeklater,whenIwascleaningmydesk,somethingfelloutofmyEnglishbook.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IquicklyrantowardLukeandhewassurprised.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________云南省昭通市镇雄县2025-2026学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ADayCampisanall-dayprogramme.Children(aged6-12years)cantakepartwhenschoolisout.Thisfun-filledprogrammeisaboutsports,gamesandotherfunactivities.Hereistheprogrammeinformationandhowyoucanregister(登记)forthecamp:ProgrammeinformationOct.20—Oct.26,20257am—5pmRegisteringinformationOnline:fromnowtoOct.9,2025Walk-in:fromnowtoOct.12,2025Thecostforonechildis$20perday.A20%discountisofferedforatwo-dayparticipation.Parentsneedtoknow:●DayCampisforchildrenaged6-12yearsold.●Childrenwhotakepartmustbringalunchandtwosnacksthatdonotneedheatingortobekeptinafridge.WhatyourchildrencandoattheDayCamp:●Paint,drawandmakecrafts(工艺品).●Playsports,games,andtakefieldtrips.●Havefreetimeinthegym.●Enjoydramaandmovies.●Havefuninscienceprojects.Ifyouwanttokeepaspot(位置)foryourchild,youneedto:●Payinfull.●First-come,first-served.●Weencourageyoutopayforthedaysyourchildwillbeinthecamp.Clickheretolearnmore:1.HowlongdoestheDayCamplasteachday?A.7hours. B.9hours. C.10hours. D.13hours.2.Howmuchwoulditcostforachildtoattendthecampfor2days?A.$20. B.$32. C.$40. D.$48.3.WhichactivityisNOTmentionedintheDayCampprogramme?A.Scienceprojects. B.Dramaandmovies.C.Sportsandgames. D.Cookingclasses.BHanselEnmanuel,a19-year-oldbasketballplayer,hasdrawnattentionaftervideosspreadquicklyshowinghisawesomeskills,likemaking3-pointshotsanddunking(灌篮)withease.Allwithjusthisrightarm.Itlooksalmosteffortlesswhenheplays.However,it’snot.Itneverhasbeen.Enmanuelwas6whenhewasclimbingawall.Itfelloverhim,andbricksandblocksfellonhisleftarm.Hewasrushedtothehospital,butthedoctorcouldn’tsavehisarmanditwascutoffseveralinchesbelowtheshoulder.ItwasadarktimeforEnmanuelandhisfamily.Slowly,thingsgotbetterforthelittleboy.Hestillremembersthefirsttimehetiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuelwaswaitingforhismothertodoitforhim,butshewasbusycooking.“Iwaslike,nevermind,I’mgoingtostart,”hesaidinarecentinterview.“Itoldmyselfletmetry.Iwastrying.ThenImadeit.”“SoIwasexcited,excitedlikecrazy,”headded.Smallthingsbecamehugevictories.Monthsafterthat,Enmanueltriedbasketball,too.Butit’snotaneasypath.Hismissingarmlefthimlackingbalance.Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtotheground,fallingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheinterview,Enmanuelpointedtothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.Enmanuelfirstdunkedat14,anditwasn’tlongbeforehispopularitygrewwiththeviewsonhisvideos.Butitwasn’tthehighlightvideosthatinterestedhiscoach,CoreyGipson.HelikedEnmanuel’sattitudetodealwithchallenges.“Hanselisaverytoughperson,”Gipsonsaid.“Whenyouseehimonthefloor,youjustseeanunstoppableforcethatdoesn’ttakeanythingforgranted.”“I’mnotspecial,”Enmanuelsaid.“I’mnotdifferentfromanybodyelse.TheonlydifferenceisthatI’vegotonearm,butthat’snotdifferent.”4.WhichistheprimaryreasonEnmanuel’sstoryhasattractedwidespreadattention?A.Hiscoach’spublicpraiseofhisexcellence.B.Therapidspreadofhisvideosonsocialmedia.C.Hisextraordinaryphysicalstrengthdespitehavingoneleg.D.Hisabilitytoperformwonderfulbasketballskillswithadisability.5.Whydoestheauthordescribe“thescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg”inthenarrative?A.Tostressthephysicalharmfromthewallaccident.B.Toshowthemedicalproblemshehadaftertheoperation.C.Tosymbolizethefailuresandconstanteffortsbehindhissuccess.D.Tohighlightthepoorconditionsofthecourtheplayedon.6.WhatimpressedCoachCoreyGipsomostaboutEnmanuel?A.Hisphysicalstrength.B.Hisattitudetowardschallenges.C.Hisdunkingskillsatage14.D.Thenumberofviewsonhisvideos.7.Whatisthestorytryingtoconvey?A.Naturaltalentisthekeytosuccessinsports.B.Socialmediapopularitydefinesanathlete’svalue.C.Determinationandapositivemindsetcanovercomeobstacles.D.Physicaldisabilitiespreventpeoplefromachievinggreatness.CInordertohelpchangeourinfluenceontheenvironmentoftheearth,aCalifornia-basedorganisationissearchingtobuildanAIlanguage.Itcanallowpeopletodeeplyunderstandnonhumanlanguages.AzaRaskinistheco-founderandpresidentoftheEarthSpeciesProject(ESP),anorganisationthatusesaformofAItotranslatenon-humanlanguages.ESPwantstouseitsmachinelearningtechnologytounderstandthisimportantinformationandmakeiteasilyknowntothepublic.Raskinstressedtheirpurposetohelpintheprotectionbyexplaining,“Theendweareworkingtowardsis,wecandiscoverthenon-humanlanguage,anddecode(破译)animalcommunication.Alongtheway,whatisalsoimportantisthatwearedevelopingtechnologythatsupportsscientistsandprotection.”ESPbelievesthatunderstandinglanguagescanhelpdeepenourrelationshipwithanimalsandallowustobetterprotectthem.Inthepast,understandingthecommunicationofanimalsheavilydependedonagreatdealofobservation.Whetheritisalarmcallsorsoundsmadebydolphinsorelephants,scientistshavebeenamazedbythedifferentformsofnon-humancommunicationpresentintheseanimals.Withthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies,researchershavenowbeguntounderstandagreatdealofdatatheycangetthroughmachinelearning.ElodieBriefer,aprofessorattheUniversityofCopenhagen,hasrecentlyhelpedco-developapiggrunt(呼噜声)analysingalgorithm.Itcanhelpscientistsunderstandwhetherthepigsareexpressingpositiveornegativefeelings.However,ESPisdoingitdifferently,byfocusingonallkindsofanimals,notjustone.ESPbelievesitislikelythatsocialanimalscommunicatewitheachother,forexample,whalesanddolphins.AlthoughESPbelievesthatunderstandingAImachinelearningdataisonlyonesteptowardsfullcommunication,itbelievesthatonedaywewillbeabletounderstandentiresystemsofcommunication.8.WhatisthemaingoaloftheEarthSpeciesProject?A.Tofocusonmarineanimalresearch.B.TodecodeanimalcommunicationusingAItechnology.C.Todevelopproductsfeaturinganimalvoices.D.Toreplacetraditionalanimalobservationmethodscompletely.9.Howdidresearchersprimarilystudyanimalcommunicationinthepast?A.Throughextensiveobservation. B.Byfocusingonlyonpiggrunts.C.Usingmachinelearningalgorithms. D.BydevelopingAIlanguagemodels.10.HowdoesESP’sapproachdifferfromElodieBriefer’sresearch?A.ESPusessimpleralgorithms. B.ESPreliesmoreonhumanobservation.C.ESPstudiesawiderrangeofspecies. D.ESPignoresemotionalaspectsofcommunication.11.WhatdoesESPbelieveaboutthefutureofunderstandinganimalcommunication?A.Itwillremainlimitedtosimplesounds.B.Onlymarineanimalscanbefullydecoded.C.Onlymachinelearningdatawilleverbeavailable.D.Fullcommunicationsystemsmayeventuallybeunderstood.DMorethan50countriesandlocalities,includingtheUK,haverecentlyintroducedtaxes(税)onsoftdrinks.Thereisstilladebateabouttheeffectofsuchtaxes.Anewresearchsurveystheevidenceontheeffectsofsoftdrinktaxesonpricesandpurchasesin27studiescovering11areas.Thereasonfortaxingsoftdrinksisthattherearecostsassociatedwiththeirconsumptionthatpeopledonotfullyconsider.Forexample,thereisalargebodyofevidenceconnectingtheconsumptionofsugarydrinkswithincreasedratesofobesity(肥胖),toothdecay(龋齿)andotherhealthconditions,resultinginworsehealthforindividualsandhigherhealthcarecostsbornebythepubliclyfundedhealthservice.Imposing(征收)ataxonsugarysoftdrinksactstoincreasetheprice,andcanencouragepeopletoturntootherthings.20ofthestudiesthatwesurveyedlookattheeffectsofsoftdrinktaxesonprices.Thesestudiesfindthattaxesincreasethepricesfacedbyconsumers.Thesizeofthepriceincreasevaries,reflectingdifferencesinthesizeandstructureofthetax,thesetofproductsandthesizeofthegeographicalareatowhichitapplies.Forexample,priceincreasesaretypicallylessthantheamountofthetaxin