阅读理解记叙文说明文（推断文章出处题）对策-高考英语第二轮复习（解析版）

2023年高考英语第二轮复习点对点精准训练・

专题03阅读理解记叙文说明文(推断文章出处题)对策与训练解析版

目录内容

板块一命题规律探究

板块二高考真题引领

板块三名校模拟演练

命题规律探究

专家1.“找文章出处题”试题大多出现在最后一题；

说考情2.属于推理判断题，可能会涉及阅读材料多处；

3.常见命题形式：Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanthetextappear?

1.结构法：如果属于“总分总''结构，多从“总处”找依据；

2.排除法：运用排除法，先把最不可能选项划掉缩小范围；

3.关键词法：依据题干圈划相应的关键词语，据此知道答案。

“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：

新闻报道类文章(anewsr叩ort)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时

学霸

政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈

说对策

“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容，下面陈述细节。

研究报告类文章(aresearchpaper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最

新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分

段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。

图书评论类文章(abookreview)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介

绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。

科普杂志类文草(asciencemagazine)：此类文章内谷广泛，涉及到

日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、

人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。

高考真题引领

（2022年全国乙卷B篇，保留原题序号）

In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn.N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamond

Underwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteach:naone-roomschoolhouse.Thegirlshadgone（o

SmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo,toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoes

wereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkhcadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpected

EducationojIwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickcndcn,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff's

granddaughter.

Whydidtheygothen?Well,（heywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,（heyrealizedwhattheyhad

undertaken.

Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnow

ontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhouse

tofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudovericc.

InWickcndcn'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthe

girls'decisiontogotoElkhcad.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed（牵涉）drilling

throughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.

Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandth?stoicism（坚忍）ofthepeoplemovehertosome

beautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslipped

behindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmall

animals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”

24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?

A.Toleachinaschool.B.TbstudyAmericanhistory.

C.lbwriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.

25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?

A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.

C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.

26.WhichpartofWickcndcn'swritingishair-raising?

A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.

C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.

27.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren'sstory.D.Adiaryentry.

【答案】24-27ADCB

【解题导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了DorothyWickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。

24.A.细节理解题。根据第一段“In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.-Dorothy

WoodruffandRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-room

schoolhouse.（1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩----DorothyWoodruff和Rosamond

Underwood来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。）”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond

去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A。

25.De推理判断题。根据第三段“Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlikethem,hadlittleprivacy,

rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemoi*ning.（他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森

一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。产以及“Inspring,

thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.（在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。）”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，

她们饱受磨难。故选D。

26.C<细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed

drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.（令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令

人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚

然的。故选C。

27.Be推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.（这本书以

Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。）”以及最后一段“Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepoftheland

andthestoicismofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.（Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽

阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。广可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行

了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B。

（2020浙江7月卷A篇，保留原题序号）

Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmy

enthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbest

showthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.

Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright(居l］作家)hopes(ogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.

Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthe(heme.Ilisnotmyintentiontopointoutthe

centralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,and

thinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However,avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.These

includecomedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility(多面性)oftheshortplay,I

haveincludedaguidanceplay,aradioplayandatelevisionplay.

Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection,PaulGreen,SusanGlaspcll,MaxwellAnderson,ThorntonWilder,

WilliamSaroyan,andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributionstothetheater.More

informationaboutCheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendof(hisbook.

Toget(hemostoutofreadingtheseplays,trylopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,(hereader,intheaudience.The

houselightsdim(变暗).Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.

21.Whatdovveknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.

C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.

22.Whatdocstheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork?

A.Statingtheplays'centralideas.B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.

C.Includingvarioustypesofplays.D.Offeringinformationon(heplaywrights.

23.Whatdoes(heauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays?

A.Controltheirfeelings.B.Applytheiractingskills.

C.Usetheirimagination.D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.

24.Whatisthistext?

A.Ashortstory.B.Anintroductiontoabook.

C.Aplayreview.D.Anadvertisementforatheater.

【答案】21-24BACB

【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文宣主要介绍了作者的书籍的序言部分，包括其编写目的，书籍内容主体，以

及如何实现有乐趣的阅读本书的建议。

21.Be细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“…andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharing

myenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers”可知，作者编辑这本书的最好的原因是希望与他人分享对戏剧的热情，

因此可知作者对于戏剧饱含热情。

22.A»细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplays

inthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplays

andtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.”可知，作者并不想指出这本书中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实

会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧以及剧作家的有效性的乐趣。A项"Statingtheplays”centralideas（陈述戏剧的中心

思想）”与原文表达信息一致。

23.Co细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“Togetthemostoutofthereadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayon

stage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.”可知，作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演，不再是读者而是成

为观众，才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣。C项"Usetheirimagination”与原文“trytopicturetheplayonthestage”表达

信息一致。

24.Be推理判断题。根据文章首段内容”Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonfor

editingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers”可知,该句内容应是书籍的"自序”

内容，且结合末尾“Togetthemostoutofthereadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,the

reader,intheaudience.”可知，在讲述如何更好地实现阅读乐趣，再结合全文内容可推知，作者通过该文章介绍

自己的一本书。

（2020浙江1月卷A篇，保留原题序号）

Ineverknewanyonewho'dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Calloway,ourlibrarian.Sheran

Jackson'sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshe

thoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.Iwaswiling;Iwoulddo

anythingtoread.

MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooksfor

myself.Shetookmeintointroduceme."Eudoraisnineyearsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshewants

fromtheshelves,childrenoradults,Mothersaid.

Mrs.Callowaymadeherownrulesaboutbooks.Youcouldnotlakebackabooktothelibraryonthesameday

you'dtakenitout;itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou'dreadeverywordinitandneededanothertostart.Youcould

takeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhome

inthebasketofmybicycle.FromtheminuteIreachedourhouse,Istartedtoread.Iknewthiswasextremehappiness,

knewitatthetime.

Mymothersharedthisfeelingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomething

else.1rememberherreadingamagazinewhiletakingthepartoftheWolfinagameof“LittleRedRidingHood''with

mybrother'stwodaughters.She'djustlookupattherighttime,longenoughtoanswer—incharacter—“Thebetterto

eatyouwith,mydear,“andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle

21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrs.Calloway?

A.Quiet.B.Strict.C.Humorous.D.Considerate.

22.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisfeeling^^refertointhelastparagraph?

A.Desiretoread.B.LoveforMrs.Calloway.

C.Interestingames.D.Fearofthelibraryrules.

23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Aguidebook.B.Anautobiography.

C.Anewsreport.D.Abookreview.

【答案】21-23BAB

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了她早年的图书馆阅读经历，母亲在阅读方面对她产生了很大的影

响。

21.Be推理判断题根据第一段中的Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhome

tochangeyourclothes.可知Mrs.Calloway对衣着严格要求以及第三段中她对图书借阅严格规定可知，Mrs.

Calloway是一位严格的图书管理员。

22.Ao推理判断题根据第三段最后IreadlibranrbooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhome...Iknewthis

wasextremehappiness,knewitatthetime.可知，作者那时候如饥似渴地阅读；根据本段Now,Ithinkofheras

readingsomuch...»可知作者的母亲也很渴望阅读。

23.Be推理判断题通读全文可知，作者是在回忆自己童年时代的阅读经历，最可能出自自传。

（2019全国I卷C篇，保留原题序号）

Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物测量）

technologies—likefingerprintscans-tokeepothersoutofprivatec-spaccs.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarcstill

expensive,though.

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythat（heyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（装置）thatgetsaroundthis

problem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（节奏）withwhichonetypesandthe

pressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforce

ofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcan

determinepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnected

to—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboard

andeverybody（ypesdifferently.

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad10()volunteerstypetheword"touch“fourtimesusingthe

smartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowthey

typed,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssay(hat(hekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercialize

andismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?

A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping

C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.

29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?

A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.

C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.

30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?

A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It'llreachconsumerssoon.

C.It,llbemadeofplastics.D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.

31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.

【答案】28-31DCBD

【解题导语】本文是说明文，介绍了一种防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘。

28.D。事细节理解题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是第二句"Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensivethough.

可知，现有的生物识别技术价格昂贵。根据第二段的第一句ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhave

comeupwithalow-costdevice（装置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.,可知，同样能够保护私

人电子空间的智能盘成本较低。故选D项。

29.Co事实细节题。根据第二段的内容可知，智能键盘能够准确地测量人们打字的节奏和力度，而打字模式因

人而异，因此，智能键盘通过分析用户的打字模式进行身份识别，故选C项。

30.Be事实细节题。根据最后一段thekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostly

madeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture可知，实现智能键

盘商业化很容易，并且其造价并不昂贵，因此研发团队希望在不久的将来能将其投放市场。

31.D.推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，由

此可推断本文最有可能刊登在（科学）杂志上。

（2019全国III卷D篇，保留原题序号）

Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.

AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbers

andselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwalerorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeys

combined-oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.

Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:In

theircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andonthe

othersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenand

theotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithseven

dropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywenttorthecircle,theywouldberev/ardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthis

example.

Afterrunninghundredsoftests,（heresearchersnotedthatthemenkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethan

halfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.

Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,（heynoticedthatihemonkeystendedto

underestimate（低估）asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,for

example,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeys

alwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction（小部分）ofthesmallernumbertoit.

"Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays."Butinthis

experimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”

32.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?

A.Theyfedthem.B.Theynamedthem.

C.Theytrainedthem.D.Theymeasuredthem.

33.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?

A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bytouchingascreen.

C.Bywatchingvideos.D.Bymixingtwodrinks.

34.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?

A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.

C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldhold（heirattentionforlong.

35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?

A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Education.D.Science.

【答案】32-35CBAD

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员对猴子做实验，测试猴子的数字能力。

32.Co细节理解题。该题问的是在测试猴子之前，研究人员做了什么。根据题干中的关键信息“researchers”

“monkeys”和"beforetesting”可以将信息定位到文章的第二段。根据该段第一句中的“Ateamofresearchers

trainedthreeRhesusmonkeys”可知，研究人员在测试之前训练了这些猴子。故选C。

33.IL细节理解题。该题问的是在实验中，猴子是如何得到奖励的。根据题干中的关键信息“intheexperiment”

可以将信息定位到文章的第三段。根据该段的第一句中的“themonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens”和最后

一句“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;

iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers-17inthisexample.”可知,猴子

是通过触摸屏幕得到奖励的。故选B。

34.Ac细节理解题。该题问的是Livingstone的团队发现了关于猴子的什么信息。根据第四段中的“heresearchers

notedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywere

performingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination”可知，研究人员发现，猴子走向（触

摸）价值更高的那一侧（屏幕）的次数超过一半，这暗示着他们正在进行着计算，而不仅仅是记住每一个组合的价

值。故选A。

35.Do推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院做的一项动物实验。全文围绕科学实验展开，

研究者训练猴子并对其进行测试后发现猴子能够进行简单的加法运算，但有时计算的结果不够精确，由此可知，

这属于科学的范畴，所以本篇文章可能出现在报纸的科学栏目。故选D。

（2018全国II卷B篇，保留原题序号）

ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefhiitsareinabundance.Thesecolorfill

andsv/eetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarclittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.

Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarchighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontaina

littlemoreprotein（蛋白质）,ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesarcparticularlyhighin

antioxidants（抗氧化物质）.Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturninto

VitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱桃）,theyaresodelicious,whocare?However,（heyarerichin

VitaminC.

Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruits

shakesandlowfat''icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasfcrfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removethe

skinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananas

willpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthe

temperatureofthefreezer.

Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outconiesa"Soft-serve”

creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafiinactivityfbrachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitand

frozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.

24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?

A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.

C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.

25.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?

A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.

C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.lbimprovetheirnutrition.

26.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?

A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.

27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Aresearchpaper.C.Atravelbrochure.

【答案】24-27CBDB

【解题导语】核果喜获丰收。那么如何加工食用这些果实呢?这些果实各自又含有哪些营养成分呢？

24.Co细节理解题。根据第二段的倒数第二句"Asforcherries（樱桃）,theyaresodelicious,whocare?”可知应该

选C项，樱桃很美味。haveapleasanttaste与aresodelicious表义相同。

25.Bo析细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句"Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswill

preventthemturningbrown.”可知，把新鲜的柠檬汁挤到香蕉上会防止它变色。

26.D,词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文中的“theylovefeeding,intothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheice

creamcomeoutbelow"可推断出，Juicer应该是“榨汁机”的意思。

27.Bo推理判断题。全文主要介绍了一些七月成熟的果实以及这些果实的营养成分等，而这自然与健康饮食有

关，介绍这类内容的文章应该是刊载在健康杂志上的。

名校模拟演练

（2023•海南•统考一模）Humanshavealwaysassumedthatthereisahugegulfbetweenanin.albehaviorand

humandevelopment.However,recentresearchintoanimalsshowsthatanimalsarecontinuouslydesigninginnovative

methodstofinishtheirtasks.Examiningthenatureandresultsoftheircreativitycanhelpusunderstandevolution.

Researchshowsthatanimalscanalsobecreative.Byinventingnewbehavioralpatternsandadjustingtheirbehavior

tonewcontexts,aswellastochangesinsocialandecologicalenvironments,researchersshowthatanimalinnovation

canalsobediverse.Forinstance,chimpanzees（黑猩猩）usetoolssuchassharpspinesandstalkstoremovetheheartsof

palmvegetablesfromtrees.Herringgulls（鸥）findoutquiteacruelwayofkillingrabbits-drowningtheminthesea.

Innovativespeciestendtosurvivewhentheyenternewplaces,butnovelbehaviorcannotberecognizedunless

“normal"behaviorisstudied.Researcherscannowcountanddocumenttheinnovationsthathavebeencreatedby

species,whichwouldhelpthemtoquantify（heircreativity.Studiesalsoshowusthatallanimalsarenotequally

inventive,withprimates（灵长类）tendingtobemoreinnovativeduetotheirbiggerbrains.

Thegreatestscientificsignificancehasbeentheinnovationshownbyanimalssuchasapes,capuchinsand

macaquesamongprimates.Thesespeciesofprimatespossessthebiggestbrainscomparedtotheirbodysizes.Theyare

alsoheavytoolusers.Theirbroaddietsandcomplexformsoflearningarcalsoinsightful.Theyshowanevolutionary

strategythatgivesthemnewsolutions:olife'schallenges.

However,eveniftheseanimalsshowinnovativeness,theydonothavetheabilitycoiin-proveuponthesolutionsof

others.Unlesstheyshareinformationaccuratelyandcopyeachothers,inventions,theircreativeinventionsarelikely（o

disappearbefore（heycanbeinnovatedfurther.Thisabilitycanbemanagedonlybyhumans,forweareabletobuildon

sharedknowledge.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''gulf'inthefirstparagraphmean?

A.Difference.B.Conflict.C.Balance.D.Connection.

2.Whydoestheauthormention“chimpanzees"and"herringgulls,,inparagraph2?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Tosupportaviewpoint.

C.Toexplainanaturalphenomenon.D.Tocomparethetwospecies.

3.Whataspectofanimalsdoesthelastparagraphmainly（alkabout?

A.Theirfailuretoshareinformationaccurately.B.Theirunwillingnesstolearnfromeachother.

C.Theirinabilitytotakecreativityforward.D.Theirabilitytocooperateeffectively.

4.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Abiography.B.Abookreview.C.Ashortstory.D.Asciencereport.

【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是研究发现动物并不像人类一直以来所认为的那样与人类的发展有着

巨大的差距，实际上动物也是不断地通过创新来完成它们的任务的，而这一点进一步提高了它们适应环境的能

力。

1.词句猜测题。根据第一段“However,recentresearchintoanimalsshowsthatanimalsarecontinuouslydesigning

innovativemethodstofinishtheirta$ks.（然而，最近对动物的研究表明，动物在不断地设计创新的方法来完成它

们的任务）”可知动物们在完成任务方面同人类一样是在不断创新的，副词however表示前后意思相反，所以划线

词所在句子想要表达的意思是人们一直以来以为动物在行为方面是远远落后于人类发展的，即动物行为与人类

发展之间存在很大的差距，所以划线词gulf的意思与A项“Difference（差距）”意思相近。故选A预。

2.推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchshowsthatanimalscanalsobecreative.Byinventingnewbehavioral

patternsandadjustingtheirbehaviortonewcontexts,aswellastochangesinsocialandecologicalenvironments,

researchersshowthatanimalinnovationcanalsobediverse.Forinstance,chimpanzees（黑猩猩）usetoolssuchas

sharpspinesandstalkstoremovetheheartsofpalmvegetablesfromtrees.Herringgulls（鸥）findoutquiteacruel

wayofkillingrabbits-drowningtheminthesea.（研究表明，动物也可以有创造力。通过发明新的行为模式，调整

它们的行为以适应新的环境，以及社会和生态环境的变化，研究人员表明，动物的创新也可以是多样化的。例

如，黑猩猩使用尖锐的刺和柄等工具从树上取下棕桐蔬菜的心脏。银鸥发现了一种杀死兔子的残忍方法——把

它们淹死在海里）“可推知，作者在第二段提到“黑猩猩”和“银鸥”是为了支持一种观点。故选B。

3.主旨大意题。根据最后一段"However,eveniftheseanimalsshowinnovativeness,theydonothavetheabilityto

im-proveuponthesolutionsofothers.Unlesstheyshareinformationaccuratelyandcopyeachothers'inventions,

theircreativeinventionsarelikelytodisappearbeforetheycanbeinnovatedfurther.Thisabilitycanbemanaged

onlybyhumans,forweareabletobuildonsharedknowledge”然而，即使这些动物表现出创新精神，它们也没有

能力改进其他动物的解决方案。除丰他们准确地共享信息，复制彼此的发明，否则他们的创造性发明很可能在

进一步创新之前就消失了。这种能力只能由人类来管理，因为我们能够建立在共享知识的基础上广可知，最后一

段主要谈论了动物无法发挥创造力。故选C。

4.推理判断题。根据第一段“Humanshavealwaysassumedthatthereisahugegulfbetweenanimalbehaviorand

humandevelopment.However,recentres