中考英语语法复习课件名词

中考英语语法复习名词(Nouns)目录CONTENTS01名词的定义02名词的分类03名词的复数04名词的所有格05名词的限定词06综合检测题07总结01名词的定义什么是名词？中文定义：名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词。EnglishDefinition：Anounisawordthatnamesaperson,place,thing,oridea.分类与示例人(Person)Example:teacher,student,doctor事物(Thing)Example:book,computer,apple地点(Place)Example:school,park,Beijing抽象概念(Idea)Example:happiness,freedom,knowledge02名词的分类-按意义专有名词表示特定的人、地方、组织或事物的名称，首字母必须大写。Tom,ChinatheGreatWall,Microsoft普通名词表示一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称，通常不需要大写。student,countrybuilding,company02名词的分类-按性质可数名词(CountableNouns)个体名词可以单个数出的具体人或物。例如:dog,chair集体名词表示一群人或物的总称。例如:family,team不可数名词(UncountableNouns)物质名词无法直接计数的物质材料。例如:water,rice抽象名词表示性质、状态、情感等抽象概念。例如:love,information03可数名词变复数-规则变化(1)规则1：一般情况直接加-s这是最基本的变化规则，适用于绝大多数名词。book→bookspen→pens规则2：以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-es为了方便发音，以这些咝音结尾的词需要加-es。bus→buses,box→boxeswatch→watchesbrush→brushes03名词的单复数

-规则变化(2)规则3：辅音字母+y变y为i，再加-escity→citiesbaby→babies规则4：元音字母+y直接加-sboy→boysday→days03名词的单复数

-规则变化(3)规则5：以字母o结尾判断标准：是否有生命(Life)有生命(Living)+espotato→potatoeshero→heroes无生命(Non-living)+sphoto→photospiano→pianos规则6：以字母f或fe结尾一般规则：变f/fe为v+esknife→knivesleaf→leaves特殊例外(Exceptions)+sroof→roofs(屋顶)belief→beliefs(信仰)03名词的单复数

-不规则变化(1)男人女人a变e例如：man→men,woman→womenfireman→firemen,policeman→policemen

(3)单复永不变：三种动物，两种人

例如：sheep,deer,fish,Chinese,Japanese(4)改变词尾，

例如：mouse→mice,child→children(6)注意有些名词既可数，又不可数，意义不同。例如：fish,chcken,glass,space,room，orange等。(2)oo变ee，

例如：goose→geese,foot→feet,tooth→teeth(5)合成名词-①把中心词变复数flowershop→flowershops②man/woman+职业，awomandoctor→twowomendoctors04名词的所有格-'s所有格用法1：有生命的所属关系用于表示人或动物等有生命事物的所属，在词尾直接加's。例：Tom'sbook,thegirl'spen用法2：以s结尾的复数名词对于本身已以s结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加一个撇号(')。例：theteachers'office,thestudents'books用法3：两者共同拥有当表示两个或多个主体共同拥有某物时，仅在最后一个名词后加's。例：TomandJerry'sroom(共有的房间)用法4：两者各自拥有当表示主体各自拥有不同的物品时，需要在每个名词后都加's。例：Tom'sandJerry'srooms(各自的房间)注意：表示时间、天气、距离、价格、国家等的名词也常用-’s所有格表示所有关系。04名词的所有格-AofB“B的A”核心用法：无生命事物所属用于表示无生命的东西的所属关系。典型例子thedooroftheroom(房间的门)thetitleofthebook(书的标题)扩展用法：特殊场景名词化的词(NounizedWords)thelifeofthepoor(穷人的生活)较长定语修饰时(LongAttributes)thenameofthegirlstandingthere(站在那里的女孩的名字)04名词的所有格

-双重所有格结构：AofB’s典型例子afriendofmyfather’s(我爸爸的一个朋友)manytoysofmybestfriend’s(我最好的朋友的很多玩具）A前有限定词，如：a,an,one,some,many,any,no;B有明确指向，指人的名词。05名词与限定词-冠词不定冠词(a,an)用于可数名词单数前，表示“一个”或泛指一类人或事物。注意：an用于元音音素开头的词前Examples:abook,anapple定冠词(the)用于可数名词单复数或不可数名词前，表示特指双方都知道的事物。注意：特指前面提到过的或独一无二的事物Examples:thebookonthedesk,thewater05名词与限定词

-物主代词和指示代词形容词性物主代词特征：相当于形容词，后接名词形式：my,your,his,her,its,our,their例句：Thisismybook.Itishispen.指示代词特征：近指（this,these),

远指（that,those)例句：Thisbookismine.Thoseboodsarehis.05名词与限定词

-数量词修饰可数名词复数few,afew,several,many,agreat/goodmany,anumberof,alarge/greatnumberof,numbersof修饰不可数名词little,alittle,much,agood/greatdealof,abitof既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数some,alotoflotsofplentyofallmost单位词作修饰语：apairof,apieceof,aboxof,abagof,acupof,aglassof,agroupof,abarof,adropof综合检测题-选择题(1-15)1.Therearetwo______inthebox.A.knifes B.knife C.knives D.knifes'2.Thisis______room.A.TomandJerry B.Tom’sandJerry’s C.TomandJerry's3.Iwanttobuytwo______.A.bottleofmilk B.bottlesofmilk C.bottlesmilk4.Therearemany______inthepark.A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens5.The______ofthecarisgood.A.smell B.smells C.smell's D.smells'综合检测题-选择题(1-15)6.Hehasthree______.A.watch B.watchs C.watches D.watch's7.Thisisaphotoof______.A.I B.me C.my D.mine8.Therearesome______onthetable.A.tomatoB.tomatos C.tomatoes D.tomato's9.The______areplayingfootball.A.boy B.boys C.boy's D.boys'10.Ihavefive______.A.mango B.mangoes C.mangos D.mangos'综合检测题-选择题(1-15)11.Thisis______book.A.Lucy B.Lucy's C.Lucys D.Lucys'12.Two______intheclassroom.A.womanteacher D.womenteachers C.womanteachers13.Ineedsome______todrink.A.water B.waters C.bottleofwater14.The______ofthestoryisinteresting.A.end B.ends C.end's D.ends'15.Theseare______desks.A.student B.students C.student's D.students'综合检测题-选择题(16-30)PART1/基础语法16.Ihavealotof______todotoday.A.work B.works C.job D.jobs17.Thereissome______ontheplate.A.apple B.apples C.meat D.meats18.The______aresinginginthetree.A.bird B.birds C.bird's D.birds'19.Thisis______umbrella.A.a B.an C.the D./20.Iwanttobuy______newbook.A.a B.an C.the D./21.______sunisverybrighttoday.A.A B.An C.The D./22.Thereare______booksonthedesk.A.much B.many C.alot D.alittlePART2/冠词与数量词23.Idon'thave______moneywithme.A.many B.much C.afew D.few24.Thereare______peopleintheroom.A.alittle B.little C.afew D.much25.Ihave______friendsinBeijing.A.much B.many C.alot D.alittle26.Thisis______bookItoldyouabout.A.a B.an C.the D./27.Heis______honestboy.A.a B.an C.the D./28.Ilikeplaying______basketball.A.a B.an C.the D./29.Sheis______youngestinherfamily.A.a B.an C.the D./综合检测题-填空题(1-15)1.Ihavetwo______(book).2.Thisis______(Lucy)pen.3.Therearemany______(child)inthepark.4.Iwantthree______(glass)ofwater.5.The______(leaf)turnyellowinautumn.6.Thisis______(TomandJerry)room.7.Ihavealotof______(homework)todo.8.Therearesome______(tomato)ontheplate.9.The______(woman)teachersareverykind.10.Thisisaphotoof______(I).11.Ineedtwo______(knife).12.The______(student)booksareonthedesk.13.Thereissome______(bread)onthetable.14.Ihavefive______(box)ofapples.15.Thisis______(my)book,thatis______(you).booksLucy’schildrenglassesleavesTomandJerry’shomeworktomatoeswomenmineknivesstudents’breadboxesmyyours综合检测题-填空题(16-30)16.Therearemany______(sheep)onthefarm.17.Iwanttobuya______(bag)ofrice.18.The______(man)doctorsareverybusy.19.Thisis______(LilyandLucy)mother.20.Ihavesome______(information)foryou.21.Therearetwo______(piano)inthemusicroom.22.The