2026年外语写作与翻译技巧试题

2026年外语写作与翻译技巧试题PartIWriting(60points)SectionAArgumentativeEssay(30points)Directions:Readthefollowingquotationandwriteanessayofabout400wordsinEnglish.Youressayshouldstateyourpositionclearly,supportitwithlogicalreasoningandconcreteevidence,andendwithacompellingconclusion.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,languageandoriginality.Quotation:“Intheageofgenerativeartificialintelligence,thehumantranslator’sgreatestassetisnotspeed,butethicalimagination.”SectionBPracticalWriting(15points)Situation:Themunicipalgovernmentofyourcityplanstolauncha“24-hourSilentLibrary”projectthatoperateswithoutstaffonsite.YouarethecoordinatoroftheForeignAffairsOffice.WriteanEnglishnotice(about150words)tobepostedattheentrance,informinginternationalvisitorsoftheaccessrules,emergencyproceduresandcodeofconduct.DonottranslateChinesenamesliterally;useinternationallyunderstandablereferences.SectionCDataCommentary(15points)ThetablebelowshowsthepercentageoftranslatedtitlesinfourgenresthatwerereprintedwithinfiveyearsinCountryA(2020-2024).Genre20202021202220232024Children’sbooks42%45%48%51%54%Sci-fi&Fantasy18%22%27%33%40%Poetry8%9%9%10%11%Academicmonographs5%5%6%6%7%Writeaparagraphofabout200wordsinEnglishcommentingonthetrendsandofferingtwopossibleexplanationsthataculturalsociologistmightinvestigate.Donotmerelydescribethefigures.PartIITranslation(60points)SectionAChinesetoEnglish(30points)TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.YourtranslationshouldreadlikeoriginalEnglishprose,notaword-for-wordrendering.Payspecialattentiontocohesion,registerandculturalreferences.材料：“夜航船”里，乘客们不敢高声语，唯恐惊动水底的神灵。船头一盏汽灯，昏黄如旧胶片，照出舱板上蜿蜒的积水。老艄公说，积水里藏着去年失踪者的脚印，只要船靠岸，脚印就会自己找回家。我偷偷把鞋脱了，想让脚印也留在水里，万一我回不来，至少有一个我还能认得路。SectionBEnglishtoChinese(30points)TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Yourversionshouldsuitawell-educatednativereadership,preservingtone,ironyandrhythm.Text:Thealgorithmiccityneversleeps;itonlybuffers.Betweenthesmartbenchesthattweetyoursittingtimeandthecrosswalkthatcountsdowninfifteenlanguages,solitudeisrationedlikebandwidth.Touristsphotographtheskyline,thenswiperighttoerasethecranes.Meanwhile,alonestreetmusicianplaysaBachpartitatoanaudienceofsurveillancecameras.Theyrecordeverynote,butunderstandnoneofthesilencebetweenthem.SectionCSubtitlingDecisionTask(15points)YouaresubtitlingaChinesedocumentaryforaninternationalplatform.Inonescene,avillagecarpenterwhohasneverlefttheprovincesays:“我这把刨子，跟了我四十年，比我老伴还亲。”Thelineisaccompaniedbyaclose-upofhishands.Time-cueallows2.5seconds.Theplatform’sstyleguideforbidsfootnotesandrequiresmaximum70charactersincludingspaces.ProvideyourEnglishsubtitleandjustifyyourlexicalandsyntacticchoicesinnomorethan80words.SectionDTerminologyMining(15points)ThefollowingEnglishparagraphcontainsfourneologismscoinedbytheauthor.Identifyeachneologism,stateitsmorphologicalpattern(blending,affixation,compounding,etc.),andsupplyanacceptableChineseequivalentthatcouldenterageneraldictionary.Donottransliterate.Paragraph:Asclimateanxietyescalates,“griefcasting”hasbecomethenewweatherreport:adailydoomscrollofglacierobituariesandatmosphericdoomnastics.Meanwhile,eco-preneurssellcarb-offsetterytoguilt-venturerswhodemandabsolutionwithoutsubtraction.PartIIIEditing&Revision(30points)TextforRevision(about250words)ThefollowingEnglisheditorialwaswrittenbyanon-nativecontributor.Itcontainsproblemsindiction,coherence,punctuationandacademictone.Editthetextsothatitmeetsthestandardsofaleadinginternationalnewspaper.Donotrewritecompletely;retainasmuchoftheoriginalwordingaspossiblewhilemakingminimal,targetedchanges.Usestandardcopy-editingsymbolsinyouranswersheet(e.g.,^forinsertion,⸺fordeletion,¶forparagraphbreak).Aftertheeditedtext,adda100-wordnoteexplainingthetwomostpervasiveerrorsyoufound.Original:Nowadays,manyyoungpeopleprefertoliveinverticalvillages,theythinktheseskyscraperscanprovideasenseofcommunity.However,whathigh-riselivingreallybringsisisolation,becauseneighboursrarelyspeakinlifts.Moreover,thepandemichasmadeusrealisedthatdensityequalsvulnerability.Therefore,policymakersshouldrestrictbuildingtall,andencouragelow-rise,high-densityneighbourhoodswithsharedgardens.Onlybythiswaycanwebothcombatlonelinessandincreaseresilience.Inaddition,researchshowthatchildrenraisedabovetheeighthfloorhaslessspatialmemoryoftheirhometown.Thus,theceilingofchildhoodisliterallyaceiling.PartIVCriticalReflection(20points)ReadthetwotranslationsofthesameclassicalChinesecoupletbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Couplet:云破月来花弄影风翻麦浪鸟衔春TranslatorA:Themoon,breakingclouds,playswithflowershadows;Spring,carriedbybirds,ripplesthroughwheatwaves.TranslatorB:Cloudsfray,themoonarrives,flowersteasetheirsilhouettes;Windtiltsthewheatsea,birdsstitchspringtothesky.1.Identifyonelexicalchoiceineachversionthatdeviatesfromliteralmeaningandexplainthepoeticjustification.(10points)2.Whichtranslationbetterpreservestheoriginal’ssynaestheticimagery?Justifyin120–150words.(10points)Answers&ExplanatoryNotesPartIWriting(sampleresponses)SectionABand-9Essay(abridgedhereforspace;full400-wordversionprovidedinofficialmarkingscheme)Thequotationpositsethicalimaginationasthelastredoubtoftheflesh-and-bloodtranslator.Iagree,butonlyifweredefine“imagination”asthecapacitytowithhold—torefusetotranslatewhentranslationwouldbetraythevulnerable.…(developmentwithexamplesofasylumstatements,medicalconsentforms,andminorityoralnarratives)…Thus,speedisthecommodityofmachines;ethicalimaginationisthecraftofhumanswhoknowwhensilenceisthemostfaithfulrendition.SectionBModelNoticeWelcometothe24-HourSilentLibrary1.DooropenswithyourpassportornationalID;noregistrationneeded.2.Speakonlyinemergency;usetheredwallphonesforassistance—dial9forEnglish.3.Food&drinkspermittedonlyintheglassalcove;keepscentsneutral.4.Emergencyexitsaremarkedgreen;asilentalarmtriggersifdoorsstayopenover15s.5.Respectothers’soundscape:headphonesrequiredforaudio.Enjoythehush.SectionCSampleCommentaryThesharpestgradientbelongstoSci-fi&Fantasy,whosereprintratemorethandoubled.Children’sbooks,alreadydominant,keepclimbing,suggestingthatparentsseekcosmopolitanimaginationfortheyoung.Conversely,poetry’sstagnationbelow11%impliesthatlyrictranslationistreatedasornamentalratherthaninstrumental.Aculturalsociologistmightfirstprobewhetherstategrantsrewarddidacticliteratureoveraestheticrisk.Second,theriseoffan-subbedwebnovelscouldcannibaliseformalSci-fitranslations,yetthedatacontradictsthis:officialreprintsrisepreciselywherepiracyishighest,indicatingthatillicitcirculationactsasfreeadvertisingratherthansubstitution.PartIITranslation(officialacceptableversions)SectionAC-EInthenightferrynopassengerdaredraiseavoice,afraidofwakingthespiritsbeneaththewater.Asinglecarbidelampatthebow,yellowasoldcelluloid,caughtthesnakingpuddlesonthedeck.Theoldboatmansaidthefootprintsoflastyear’sdrownedwerefoldedinsidethatwater;oncewereachedshore,theprintswouldfindtheirownwayhome.Isecretlyslippedoffmyshoes,hopingtoleavemyfootprintstoo—ifInevercameback,atleastoneofmewouldstillknowtheroad.SectionBE-C算法城市从不睡眠，只是缓冲。智能长椅会推文记录你的久坐时长，十字路口用十五种语言倒计时，孤独像带宽一样被配给。游客拍摄天际线，然后右滑抹去吊臂。与此同时，一位街头乐手独自为监控摄像头群演奏巴赫的帕蒂塔。它们记下每个音符，却不懂音符之间的沉默。SectionCSubtitle&JustificationSubtitle:“Thisplane’sbeenmycompanionfortyyears—longerthanmywife.”Justification:Replaced“刨子”withfunctionalhypernym“plane”toensureinstantrecognition.Compressedsimile“比我老伴还亲”intocomparativeclause“longerthanmywife”tosatisfylengthconstraintwhilepreservingemotionalsuperlative.SectionDNeologisms1.griefcasting:blendofgrief+broadcasting→悲播2.doomscroll:blendofdoom+scroll→滑灾3.doomnastics:blendofdoom+gymnastics→灾技秀4.carb-offsettery:derivationalsuffix–eryaddedtocarbonoffset→碳赎店Morphologicalpatterns:1&2areblends;3isblendwithcreativesuffix;4isaffixationbyanalogy(bakery,brewery).PartIIIEditing&RevisionEditedtext(symbolsomittedinthisplaintext;seeofficialmarkschemeforhandwrittensymbols)Nowadays,manyyoungpeopleprefertoliveinverticalvillages.Theythinktheseskyscraperscanprovideasenseofcommunity;however,whathigh-riselivingreallybringsisisolation,becauseneighboursrarelyspeakinlifts.Moreover,thepandemichasmadeusrealisethatdensityequalsvulnerability.Therefore,policymakersshouldrestricttallbuildingsandencouragelow-rise,high-densityneighbourhoodswithsharedgardens.Onlyinthiswaycanwebothcombatlonelinessandincreaseresilience.Inaddition,researchshowsthatchildrenraisedabovetheeighthfloorhavelessspatialmemoryoftheirhometown.Thus,theceilingofchildhoodisliterallyaceiling.Note(100words)Thetwomostpervasiveerrorsarecommasplicesandsubject–verbdisagreement.Thewriterrepeatedlyjoinsindependentclauseswithcommasinsteadofperiods