2026年大学英语六级考试单元测试卷

2026年大学英语六级考试单元测试卷考试时间：120分钟满分：710分适用范围：大学英语六级考试模拟练习PartIWriting(30minutes)(分值：106.5分)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofdevelopingasenseofcommunityinthedigitalage.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)(分值：248.5分)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Thelaunchofanewsatelliteforclimatemonitoring.B)Abreakthroughindeep-seaexplorationtechnology.C)ThediscoveryofanewspeciesintheAmazonrainforest.D)Aninternationalagreementonreducingplasticpollution.2.A)Itcanoperateatdepthsexceeding6000meters.B)Itispoweredentirelybyrenewableenergy.C)Ittransmitsreal-timehigh-definitionvideo.D)Itisthesmallestsubmersibleofitskind.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Asharpdeclineinteenageemploymentrates.B)Newregulationsonpart-timeworkforstudents.C)Thegrowingpopularityofonlinefreelanceplatformsamongyouth.D)Governmentincentivesforcompanieshiringyounginterns.4.A)Flexibleworkinghours.B)Higherhourlywages.C)Opportunitiesforskilldevelopment.D)Lesscompetitivepressure.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Torestoreahistoricalmonument.B)Tobuildanewpubliclibrary.C)Tocreateanurbangreenspace.D)Toestablishacommunityartcenter.6.A)Throughamunicipalgovernmentgrant.B)Bycrowdfundingfromlocalresidents.C)Fromadonationbyaprivatefoundation.D)Viaapartnershipwithauniversity.7.A)Itwillhostweeklyfarmers'markets.B)Itwillfeatureoutdoorconcertvenues.C)Itwillincludewalkingtrailsandplaygrounds.D)Itwillprovideplotsforcommunitygardening.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Colleaguesworkingonaproject.B)Astudentandhisacademicadvisor.C)Acustomerandatechsupportagent.D)Friendsdiscussingcareerchoices.9.A)Thesoftwareinterfaceisnotuser-friendly.B)Thedataanalysisfunctionkeepscrashing.C)Thesubscriptionfeeisunexpectedlyhigh.D)Theexportedfilesareincompatiblewithotherprograms.10.A)Toreinstallthesoftwarecompletely.B)Toupdatetothelatestversion.C)Toadjustthesystemsettings.D)Tocontactthebillingdepartment.11.A)Hefindsittootime-consuming.B)Helacksthenecessarytechnicalknowledge.C)Heisconcernedaboutdatasecurity.D)Heprefersadifferentsoftwarepackage.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Attendingafilmfestival.B)Planningaweekendtrip.C)Choosinganelectivecourse.D)Discussingadocumentary.13.A)Itshistoricalaccuracy.B)Itscinematography.C)Itsemotionalimpact.D)Itspoliticalmessage.14.A)Itwasfilmedonlocationinseveralcountries.B)Ittookoverfiveyearstocomplete.C)Itfeaturesinterviewswithexperts.D)Itusesarchivalfootageextensively.15.A)Shefounditoverlypessimistic.B)Shethoughtitwasinspiring.C)Sheconsideredittoolong.D)Shefeltitwasobjective.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Thedeclineofbeepopulationsworldwide.B)Theeconomicvalueofinsectpollination.C)Theimpactofclimatechangeonfloweringplants.D)Newmethodsforprotectingpollinators.17.A)Pesticideuse.B)Habitatloss.C)Airpollution.D)Invasivespecies.18.A)Theyaremoreefficientpollinatorsthanhoneybees.B)Theyareimmunetocertaincommondiseases.C)Theycanadapttoawiderrangeofclimates.D)Theyarelessaffectedbyagriculturalchemicals.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Howsleepdeprivationaffectsdecision-making.B)Thelinkbetweendreamingandmemoryconsolidation.C)Theroleofdifferentsleepstagesinlearning.D)Culturaldifferencesinsleeppatterns.20.A)RapidEyeMovementsleep.B)Deepsleep.C)Lightsleep.D)Thetransitionperiodbetweensleepstages.21.A)Peoplewholearnphysicalskills.B)Peoplewhostudyabstractconcepts.C)Peoplewhomemorizefactualinformation.D)Peoplewhoengageincreativeproblem-solving.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Thefounderofasocialmediaplatform.B)Apioneerinvirtualrealitytechnology.C)Anadvocatefordigitalminimalism.D)Ahistorianoftheinternet.23.A)Itfostersgenuinehumanconnection.B)Itincreasesoverallproductivity.C)Itenhancespersonalcreativity.D)Itreducesanxietyandstress.24.A)Designatespecifictech-freehourseachday.B)Uninstallallsocialmediaappsfromsmartphones.C)Useatraditionalalarmclockinsteadofaphone.D)Keepajournaltotrackscreentime.25.A)Skeptical.B)Supportive.C)Indifferent.D)Ambiguous.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)(分值：248.5分)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theconceptof"urbanresilience"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,particularlyinthefaceofclimatechangeandotherglobalchallenges.Itreferstothecapacityofacitytoabsorb,recoverfrom,andadapttoshocksandstresseswhilemaintainingitsessentialfunctions.Buildingresilienceisnotaone-timeprojectbutacontinuousprocessthatrequires__26__planningandinvestment.Keycomponentsincluderobustinfrastructure,diverseeconomies,effectivegovernance,andstrongsocial__27__.Forexample,afteramajorflood,aresilientcitywouldnotonlyrestoredamagedsystemsbutalsoimplementmeasuresto__28__futurerisks,suchasimprovingdrainageorrelocatingcriticalfacilities.Thisproactiveapproach__29__thetraditionalreactivemodelofdisastermanagement.However,measuringresilienceremainscomplex.Indicatorsmustgobeyondeconomicmetricsto__30__socialequity,environmentalsustainability,andcommunitywell-being.Criticsarguethatthetermcansometimesbeused__31__,maskingunderlyinginequalitiesorjustifyingtop-downpolicies.Trueresilience,theycontend,mustbe__32__andparticipatory,empoweringlocalcommunitiestoidentifytheirownvulnerabilitiesandsolutions.Technologicalinnovation,fromsmartgridstoearlywarningsystems,offerspowerfultools,butitmustbe__33__withhuman-centereddesign.Ultimately,thegoalistocreatecitiesthatarenotonlysaferbutalsomorelivableandjustforallinhabitants,capableofthrivinginan__34__future.Thejourneytowardurbanresilienceisasmuchabouttransformingmindsetsandinstitutionsasitisaboutupgradingphysicalsystems—a__35__taskthatdemandslong-termcommitment.WordBank:A)adaptiveB)bondsC)comprehensiveD)complementsE)deliberatelyF)diminishG)embraceH)holisticI)integratedJ)mitigateK)participatoryL)pragmaticM)profoundN)redundantO)vaguelySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheParadoxofChoiceinModernConsumerSociety[A]Inthelate20thcentury,psychologistBarrySchwartzintroducedtheconceptofthe"paradoxofchoice,"arguingthatwhileincreasedfreedomofchoiceisgenerallyseenaspositive,anoverabundanceofoptionscanleadtoanxiety,decisionparalysis,anddecreasedsatisfaction.Hisworkchallengedthefundamentalassumptionofclassicaleconomicsthatmorechoicesinvariablyleadtogreaterwelfare.[B]Supermarketsprovideaclassicexample.Whereoncetheremighthavebeenthreetypesofmustard,amoderngrocerystorecanofferdozens—rangingfromclassicyellowtowhole-grainDijon,honeymustard,andexoticflavors.Thisproliferationextendstonearlyeveryproductcategory,fromcerealandshampootofinancialservicesandhealthcareplans.Thedigitalagehasamplifiedthisphenomenonexponentially;onlineretailerslikeAmazonpresentconsumerswithvirtuallylimitlessalternatives.[C]Thepsychologicalburdenofabundantchoicemanifestsinseveralways.First,theeffortrequiredtoresearchandcompareoptionsincreases,aprocesseconomistscall"searchcosts."Second,withsomanyalternatives,theexpectationofmakingaperfectchoicerises.Thiselevatesthepotentialfor"anticipatedregret"—thefearthatabetteroptionwasoverlooked.Third,afteradecisionismade,themultitudeofrejectedalternativescanfuel"post-decisionregret"orasenseofmissedopportunity,underminingsatisfactionwiththechosenitem.[D]Schwartzdistinguishesbetweentwotypesofdecision-makers:"maximizers"and"satisficers."Maximizersstrivetomaketheabsolutebestchoice,exhaustivelyresearchingallpossibilities.Satisficers,atermcoinedbyNobellaureateHerbertSimon,setathresholdofacceptabilityandchoosethefirstoptionthatmeetsit.Researchindicatesthatmaximizers,despiteoftenachievingobjectivelybetteroutcomes,tendtoexperiencelesshappiness,moreregret,andhigherlevelsofstressanddepressionrelatedtotheirdecisions.[E]Theimplicationsextendbeyondconsumergoodstomajorlifedecisions.Theexpansionofchoiceineducation,careerpaths,romanticpartners(viadatingapps),andevenlifestyleidentitiescanbeoverwhelming.Youngadults,facedwithanarrayofpossiblefutures,mayexperience"choiceoverload,"delayingcommitmentsorfearingthatanypathchosenprecludesothers.[F]Culturally,theparadoxofchoiceisintertwinedwiththeideologyofindividualism,whichplacestheresponsibilityforlifeoutcomessquarelyontheindividual'schoices.Whenoutcomesareunsatisfactory,theindividual,ratherthansocietalconstraints,isoftenblamed.Thiscancreateaheavypsychologicalburden,aseveryless-than-idealsituationisframedasaconsequenceofapersonalchoiceerror.[G]However,criticsofSchwartz'stheorypointoutthatthenegativeeffectsarenotuniversal.Contextmattersgreatly.Forexpertsorhighlyinvolvedconsumersinaparticulardomain(e.g.,wineenthusiasts,audiophiles),awidearrayofchoicesisoftendesirableandenriching.Thenegativeeffectsaremostpronouncedforindividualsmakinglow-involvementdecisionsorthoselackingclearpreferences.[H]Furthermore,theproblemmaynotbethenumberofchoicesperse,buthowtheyarepresentedandthetoolsavailabletonavigatethem.Well-designed"choicearchitecture"—clearcategorization,filters,comparisontools,andtrustedcuratorsorrecommendationalgorithms—canmitigateoverload.Asimple,well-organizedmenuiseasiertonavigatethanasprawlingone,evenifbothofferthesamenumberofdishes.[I]Fromamarketingandbusinessperspective,offeringchoiceisadouble-edgedsword.Itcanattractcustomersseekingspecificfeaturesandconveyasenseofcustomization.Yet,toomanyoptionscandeterpurchasealtogether.Somecompanieshavesuccessfullyemployedstrategiesof"curatedselection"or"guidedchoice"tosimplifydecision-makingforcustomers,therebyincreasingconversionratesandsatisfaction.[J]Ultimately,navigatingtheseaofmodernchoicerequiresmetacognitivestrategies.Individualscanbenefitfromconsciouslyadoptingasatisficingmindsetforlessimportantdecisions,limitingtheiroptionsproactively(e.g.,decidingtoonlyconsiderthreecolleges),focusingontheircorecriteria,andpracticinggratitudeforchosenoptionstocounteractregret.Recognizingthatsomedegreeofregretisinevitableinaworldofabundantalternativescanalsobeliberating.36.Thenegativeimpactofexcessivechoiceisparticularlystrongforpeoplewholackstrongpre-existingpreferences.37.Somebusinessesincreasesalesbyofferingalimited,carefullyselectedrangeofproductstocustomers.38.Thedigitalmarketplacehastakentheavailabilityofcountlessoptionstoanewlevel.39.Accordingtoresearch,peoplewhoseektheperfectchoiceoftenendupfeelinglesscontentdespitetheirefforts.40.Theideathatindividualsaresolelyresponsiblefortheirlifeoutcomescanmaketheweightofchoicefeelheavier.41.Thepsychologicaleffortinvolvedinevaluatingmanyoptionsisknownasa"searchcost."42.Makingachoicefromalargesetcanleadtoworrythatabetteralternativewasmissed,evenbeforethedecisionisfinalized.43.Forspecialistsorpassionatehobbyists,havingmanychoicesistypicallyseenasapositiveaspect.44.Howchoicesareorganizedandpresentedcansignificantlyinfluencewhetherpeoplefeeloverwhelmedbythem.45.Thetheoryoftheparadoxofchoicequestionsthetraditionaleconomicbeliefthatmoreoptionsarealwaysbeneficial.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Intherealmofartificialintelligence,asignificantshiftisunderwayfromsupervisedlearning,wheremodelsaretrainedonvast,human-labeleddatasets,toself-supervisedlearning.ThisemergingparadigmallowsAIsystemstolearndirectlyfromraw,unlabeleddata,muchlikehumansandanimalslearnfromunstructuredexperience.SupervisedlearninghaspoweredmostoftheAIadvancesweseetoday,fromimagerecognitiontolanguagetranslation.However,itsdependenceoncurated,labeleddataisamajorbottleneck.Creatingthesedatasetsisexpensive,time-consuming,andoftenrequiresexpertknowledge.Moreover,theycanembedhumanbiasesandmaynotcoverthelongtailofrarecases.Self-supervisedlearningcircumventsthisbygeneratingitsownsupervisorysignalsfromthedataitself.Acommontechniqueinvolvesmaskingpartsoftheinput—forinstance,hidingwordsinasentenceorpatchesofanimage—andtrainingthemodeltopredictthemissingparts.Bysolvingthis"pretexttask"acrossmillionsofexamples,themodelbuildsarich,general-purposeunderstandingoftheunderlyingstructureofthedata,beitlanguage,images,orsounds.Thisapproachisparticularlypromisingforcreating"foundationmodels"—large,versatilemodelstrainedonbroaddatathatcanthenbeadapted(or"fine-tuned")withminimallabeleddataforawiderangeofspecifictasks.Forexample,afoundationmodeltrainedonadiversecorpusoftextdevelopsadeepunderstandingofgrammar,facts,andreasoning.Itcanthenbefine-tunedtoanswerquestions,summarizearticles,orwritecode,oftenwithfarlesstask-specificdatathanwouldberequiredtotrainamodelfromscratch.Proponentsarguethatself-supervisedlearningisasteptowardmoreautonomous,efficient,andgeneralAI.Itreducesrelianceonhumanannotation,potentiallymakingAIdevelopmentmorescalableandaccessible.Italsoallowsmodelstolearnfromtheever-growingoceanofunlabeleddataavailableontheinternet,ratherthanbeingconstrainedbyfinitelabeleddatasets.Nevertheless,challengesremain.Trainingthesemodelsrequiresimmensecomputationalresources,raisingconcernsaboutenergyconsumptionandaccessibilityforsmallerresearchteams.The"pretexttasks"mustbecarefullydesignedtoforcethemodeltolearnusefulrepresentations.Thereisalsotheriskthatmodelsmightlearnandamplifybiasespresentintherawdata,withoutthefilteringthatacurateddatasetmightprovide.Despiteth