高一英语试卷英语阅读理解(人物故事)题分类汇编及解析

高一英语试卷英语阅读理解（人物故事）题分类汇编及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1.阅读理解

Inthenineteenthcentury,oneofAmerica'sgreatestwriters,WaltWhitman,helpedpeople

learntovaluepoetry.Whitmancreatedanewkindofpoetry.

WaltWhitmanwasbornineighteennineteeninNewYorkCity.Duringhislonglife,hewatched

Americagrowfromayoungnationtothestrongestindustrialpowerintheworld.Asayoung

man,Whitmanworkedasaschoolteacher,aprinterandanewspaperreporter.Hewasthirty-six

yearsoldwhenhepublishedhisfirstbookofpoetryineighteenfifty-five.HecalleditLeavesof

Grass.Ithadonlytwelvepoems.Thepoemsarewritteninfreeverse.Thelinesdonotfollowany

setform.Somelinesareshort.Somearelong.Thewordsattheendofeachlinedonothavea

similarsound.Theydonotrhyme.

OneofAmerica'sgreatestthinkersandwritersimmediatelyrecognizedtheimportanceof

LeavesofGrass.RalphWaldoEmersonpraisedWhitman'swork.Butmostotherpoetsand

writerssaidnothingandevendenouncedit.MostreadersalsorejectedWhitman'spoems.The

newformofhispoetrysurprisedmanypeople.EvenhisownbrothertoldWhitmanthathe

shouldstopwritingpoetry.ButWhitmanhadmanythingstosay.Andhecontinuedtosaythem.

ReadersbegantounderstandthatAmericahadagreatnewpoeticvoice.

WaltWhitman'spoemspraisetheUnitedStatesanditsdemocracy.Thepoetexpressedhislove

forAmericaanditspeopleinmanyways.ExpertstodaypraiseLeavesofGrassasamajorliterary

work.Ineighteenseventy-three,WaltWhitmansufferedastroke.Hespentthelastyearsofhis

lifeinCamden,NewJersey.Whitmanwaspoorandweakduringthelastyearsofhislife.Hedied

ineighteenninety-two.SomecriticssayWaltWhitmanwasaspokesmanfordemocracy.Others

sayhewasnotaspokesmanforanything.Instead,theysimplycallhimagreatpoet.

(1)WhatcanweknowaboutWhitman?

A.Hispoemshavethesamerhyme.

B.HeisthefirstgreatpoetintheUSA

C.Hehelpedpeopletocreatenewpoems.

D.Hispoemsshowhisloveforhiscountry.

(2)WhywasLeavesofGrassrefusedatfirst?

A.Thepoemsarequiteshort.

B.Theformofpoetryisspecial.

C.Whitmanwasn'tfamousthen.

D.Thereareonly12poemsinit.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"denounced"inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Accused.B.Downloaded.C.Published.D.Translated.

(4)Whatcanbeasuitabetitleforthetext?

A.WaltWhitman—aGreatSoldier

B.WaltWhitman—anUnfortunatePoet

C.WaltWhitmanandLeavesofGrass

D.1heFirstandGreatestPeetinAmerica

【答案】(1)D

(2)B

(3)A

(4)C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍，介绍了美国著名的诗人WaltWhitman以及他的

代表作《草叶集》。

(1)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"WaltWhitman'spoemspraisetheUnitedStatesand

itsdemocracy.ThepoetexpressedhisloveforAmericaanditspeopleinmanyways/Walt

Whitman的诗赞美美国及其民主。这位诗人以多种方式表达了他对美国及其人民的热爱。

可知选Do

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Thenewformofhispoetrysurprisedmanypeople."

他的新诗形式使许多人感到惊讶，故选B,

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"Butmostotherpoetsandwriterssaidnothingand

evendenouncedit."可知，人们不接受WaltWhitman的寺集，可推知denounced可能是“指

责，批评”之意，选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。纵观仝文可知，本文讲述了美国著名作家WaltWhitman以及他的代

表作《草叶集》，并围绕《草叶集》的开始不被接受到最后的大受欢迎展开，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅

读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推

理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2.阅读理解

Twenty-oneyearsago,myhusbandgavemeSam,aneight-week-oldschnauzer(雪纳瑞犬),

tohelpeasethelossofourdaughter.SamandIdevelopedaveryspecialbondoverthenext

years.

Atonepoint,myhusbandandIdecidedtomovetoanewhomeinNewJersey.Ourneighbor,

whosecathadrecentlyhadkittens,askedifwewouldlikeone.Wewerealittleapprehensive

aboutSam'sjealousyandbowhewouldhandlehisturf(地盘)beinginvaded,butwedecided

toriskit.

Wepickedalittle,gray,playfulballofFur.Sheracedaroundchasingimaginarymiceand

squirrelsandjumpedfromtabletochairintheblinkofaneye,sowenamedherLightning.

Atfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiouswitheachotherandkepttheirdistance.But

slowly,LightningstartedfolowingSam—upthestairs,downthestairs,intothekitchen.Later,

whentheyslept,itwasalwaystogether;whentheyate,itwasalwaysnexttoeachother.WhenI

tookeitheroneout,theotherwasalwayswaitingbythedoorwhenwereturned.Thatwasthe

wayitwasforyears.

Then,withoutanywarning,Samwasdiagnosedashavingaweakheart.Ihadnootherchoice

buttohavehimputdown.ThepainwasnothingcomparedwithwhatIexperiencedwhenIhad

towalkintoourhousealone.Thistime,therewasnoSamforLightningtogreetandnowayto

explainwhyshewouldneverseeherfriendagain.

Inthefollowingdays,Lightningseemedheart-broken.Icouldseethedisappointmentinhereyes

wheneveranyoneopenedthefrontdoor,orthehopewheneversheheardadogbark.

OnedayasIwalkedintoourlivingroom,IhappenedtoseeLightningwaslyingnexttothe

sculpturedreplica(复制品)ofSamthatwehadboughtafewyearsago,onearmwrapped

aroundthestatue'sneck,contentedlysleepingwithherbestfriend.

(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"apprehensive"inparagraph2mean?

A.Shocked.B.Curious.C.Worried.D.Eager.

(2)HowdidSamgetalongwithLightningatfirst?

A.LightningfollowedSameverywhereitwent.

B.Theyfoughtwitheachotherfiercely.

C.Theykeptacertaindistancefromeachother.

D.SamwasunfriendlytoLightning.

(3)Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.LightningknewSamhaddied.

B.SammeansalottoLightning.

C.WetookLightninghometoaccompanySam.

D.SamcamebacktostaywithLightningagain.

(4)Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.TheFriendshipbetweenSamandLightning

B.TheComingofSamandLightning

C.TheDeathofSamtoLightning

D.TheImportanceofSamtoUs

【答案】⑴C

(2)C

(3)B

(4)A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗

死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其“朋友”的身边。

(1)考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Sam'sjealousyandhowhewouldhandlehisturf(地

盘)beinginvaded,butwedecidedtoriskit."可知，害怕Sam嫉妒，以及怎么处理被入侵的

领地，但是依然决定冒险，故可知，作者害怕领养一只猫会对宠物狗造成不好的影响，故

选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的理tfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiouswith

eachotherandkepttheirdistance.”可知,起初Sam和Lightning都对对方很谨慎,保持一定

距离，故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段"OnedayasIwalkedintoourlivingroom,Ihappenedto

seeLightningwaslyingnexttothesculpturedreplica(复制品)ofSamthatwehadboughta

fewyearsago,onearmwrappedaroundthestatue'sneck,contentedlysleepingwithherbest

friend."可知，作者一天进屋发现Lightning躺在Sam的复制品的旁边，一个爪子搭载雕像的

脖子上，和她的好朋友心满意足地入睡了，故可知，Sam对于Lightning来说，很重要，故

C.Theyleadahealthyandwealthylife.

D.Theyarecaringandkindtoeachother.

【答案】(1)C

(2)B

(3)D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，格雷梅尔是一个没有孩子的单身男人，他在芝加哥

同一所房子里住了95年，一直过着简朴的生活。他经常给社会慈善机构捐钱。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段"'Asinglemanwithnokids,Gremelhaslivedinthesame

Chicagohousefor95years,andhasalwayslivedsimply',neighborPatrickFalsotoldTODAY.FaIso

saidheheardGremelsaymanytimesthe"moneywasn'tminetobeginwith"andthatheaways

intendedtogiveitaway."格雷梅尔是一个没有孩子的单身男人，他在芝加哥同一所房子里住

了95年，一直过着简朴的生活。“Falso说，他听到Gremel说过很多次，”钱本来就不是我

的”,他总是打算把钱送人。可知,PatrickFais。的话道出了为什么Gremel要做出捐赠。故

选Co

(2)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Gremelwasabletomakethisamazingdonation

becausehepurchased$1,000worthofWalgreensstocksevendecadesagowhosevaluehas

grownrecently."格雷梅尔之所以能够做出这一，惊人的捐赠，是因为他在70年前购买了价值

1000美元的沃尔格林股票，而这些股票的价值最近一直在增长。他在28岁时购买了沃尔

格林的股票。故选丸

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"WinniewasintroducednotonlytoGremelbutalso

someofhisfriendsandneighbors.Onehadbroughtoveralotoffreshstrawberries;allsaid

they'dbetheretohelpoutinanywayneeded.”温妮不仅被介绍给格雷梅尔,还被介绍给他

的一些朋友和邻居。一个人带来了许多新鲜的草莓;所有人都说他们会在那里以任何需要的

方式提供帮助-可知，他的邻居之间是互相帮助友好相处的°故选3

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需

要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4.阅读理解

WilburandOrvilleWrightwerethetwoyoungestsonsofBishopMiltonWright,Wilburwas

bornonafarmnearMillvilleandOrvillewasborninAugustinthehousethefamilywouldcome

tooccupyformorethan40yearsinDayton.

Orvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthath<?andWilbur'sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhen

theywerechildren,withpoweredrubber-band-helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbring

homeforthemfromtripsaroundthecountry.OrvilleandWilburwouldbuildduplicates(复制

品)ofthesetoysandbouncethemofftheceiling.Theyv/erejustcrazyaboutthesethingsfor

thereasonsthattheydidnotyetunderstand.

Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themoredifficultthe

problemwas,themorethe/sawitasachallenge.Exploringtheunknownwassuchajoyforthen

thatOrvilleoncesaid,"IcanrememberwhenWilburandIcouldhardlywaitforthemorningto

cometogetatsomethingthatinterestedus.That'shappiness."

Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredtheprintingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.Crville

designedandthenbuiltaprintingpress(印刷机)forthisenterprise.Atfirst,theydidcontract

printingforotherpeople,andsoononeoftheircustomersduringtheearly1890swasFather

Milton'schurch.Theyalsotriedthenewspaperbusiness,andalthoughtheirtwonewspapers,the

WestSideNewsandTheEveningItemwereconsideredtobeofhighquality,Daytonalreadyhad

dailynewspapers,sotheWrightssoonreturnedtocontractprinting.

Branchingoutintootherareas,theyalsoopenedabicyclebusiness.Bicyclingwasthefastest

growingsportinthecountryatthattime,andtheirrepairshopsoonledthemintobuilding

bicyclesoftheirowndesign,oftenwithtoolsoftheirownconstruction,suchasthelathe(车

床)drivenbyaone-cylindergasolineenginebuiltbyOrville.Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethe

livelihood(生计)thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes.

(1)WhatmayinspireWiburandOrvilleWrighttobekeenonflightinchildhood?

A.Theirexperiencesoftakingaflight.

B.Theirwishestotravelbyplane.

C.Thetoystheirfatherbroughtforthem.

D.Theirinterestinduplicatingtoys.

(2)WhatkindofchildrerweretheWrightbrothers?

A.Enthusiasticandcurious.

B.Quietandmodes.

C.Naughtybutclever.

D.Stubbornbutcareful

(3)WhatbusinessdidWilburandOrvilleentershortlyafterhighschool?

A.Thetoybusiness.

B.Theprintingbusiness.

C.Thelathebusiness.

D.Thebicyclebusiness.

(4)Whatwillpossiblybediscussedfollowingthistext?

A.Whoguidedthemalotontheirwaytosuccess.

B.Whattroubletheywouldmeetintheirbusiness.

C.Whytheyclosedtheirbicycleshopsuddenly.

D.Howthetwobrothersbegantoinventplanes.

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)B

(4)D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了莱特兄弟是怎样的发明飞机的过程。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Orvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthatheand

Wilbur'sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhentheywerechildren,withpoweredrubber-band-

helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbringhomefortherrfromtripsaroundthecountry“奥维

尔后来发现他和威尔伯对飞行第一次兴趣是从他们小时候开始的，由于他们的父亲从乡村

给他们带回家的，用橡皮筋为动力的直升机玩具，知选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Theywerejustcrazyaboutthesethingsforthereasons

thattheydidnotyetunderstand”他们只是因为他们还不明白的原因而对这些事情疯狂；和

第三段中的"Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themore

difficulttheproblemwas,themoretheysawitasachallenge”两个男孩都喜欢解决别人觉得

困难的问题。问题越难，他们就越觉得这是一个挑战可推出选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredthe

printingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.”把他们的天赋投入工作中，孩子们高中毕业后不久

就进入了印刷业。故选&

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethelivelihooc(生

计)thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes”自行车店将提供生计，

允许他们在飞机上进行实验，可知选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需

要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5.阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

EveryyearfromMarchtoOctober,ChristianMoullec,alsoknownas"Birdman,"takestothe

skiesaboardhisadaptedlightaircraft.However,the58-year-oldFrenchman'sdaily30-minute

flightisnotjusttoenjoytheimpressiveviews,buttoguideflocks（鸟群）oflesserwhite-fronted

geese（，卜白额雁）throughsafemigrationpathswhichthebirdscanteachfuturegenerations.

Hisdeedbeganin1995whenhenoticedtheirdecliningpopulationinthewildsofLapland,

Sweden.Topreventtheirnumbersfromdroppingfurther,Moullectriedtogetthethreatened

speciestofollowhimalongmigrationroutesthatwouldprotectthemfrombirdhunters.

However;gettinggrowngeesetofollowhisleadprovedchallenging.Asyounggeeseimitate

andfollowwhomevertheyviewastheirparent,Moullecdecidedtoraisethegeesefrombirth.

Tohelpraisefundsandawarenessofhisjobtoprotectnotjustthegeesebutbirdsworldwide,

Moullecoftenallowspayingtouriststojoinhimonthe30-minute-longflightsaboardhisaircraft.

Inadditiontothetrainedbirdsflyingalongsidethem,visitors,whocomefromasfarasa15-hour

planeflightaway,aretreatedtoavarietyofcraneandgeesespeciesaswellasbreathtakingviews

ofcastlesandcities.

Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturingphotosnotjustfortheirbeauty,but

forwhattheydescribe.Moullecbelievestheuseofagriculturalchemicalshasdoneharmtowild

Europeanbirds,withmorethanathirddisappearinginthelast30years."It'sadisaster,"hesaid.

"Mybeautifulimageswithflyingbirdsshouldbeusedtotellthisstory."

（1）Whydoes"Birdman"alwaysflytotheskyonhisaircraft?

A.Toobservegeesealongtbeirmigrationroutes.

B.Tofollowgeesethroughsafemigrationpaths.

C.Totakevisitorstooperatehisadaptedaircraft.

D.Toguidegeeseflysafelyduringthemigration.

(2)Whatdoweknowabout"Birdman"?

A.Heisanaturelover.

B.Heisabirdwatcher.

C.Heisavolunteerpilot.

D.Heisabirdhunter.

(3)WhatdoesMoullecoftentakephotosinhisflightsfor?

A.Recordingtheuseofagriculturalchemicals.

B.Showingseriousdamagecausedbychemicals.

C.Describinghisexperienceswithflyingbirds.

D.Capturingthebeautifulviewsofbirdsandcities.

(4)Whatcanbeasuitabetitleforthetext?

A.BirdmanGuidesFlockstoLearntoFly.

B.BirdmanFindsBirdsDisappearing.

C.BirdmanHelpsFlocksSafelyMigrate.

D.BirdmanProtectsBirdsFromHunters.

【答案】(1)D

(2)A

(3)B

(4)C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：ChristianMoullec通过驾驶他的轻型飞行器来指导小白额雁安

全迁徙，他还带领游客们一起体验这种飞行来增强人们保护鸟类的意识.

(1)细节理解题。根据第一段buttoguideflocks(鸟群)oflesserwhite-frontedgeese

(小白额雁)throughsafemigrationpaths可知Birdman是用他的飞行器指导小白额雁安全

迁徙，故选D。

(2)推理判断题。通过文章可知Birdman不仅指导小白额雁安全迁徙还认为农药的使用

对野生鸟类造成伤害，可以看出他是一个热爱自然的人，故选A。

(3)细节理解题。根据第五段Heoftenbringshiscameraalongfortheflights,capturing

photosnotjustfortheirbeauty,butforwhattheydescribe可知他拍照是为了展示这些照

片反映的问题，也就是农药的使用加速了鸟类的数量减少，故选B。

(4)主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知Molluec驾驶轻型飞行器是为了帮助小白额雁沿

着安全的路程迁徙，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题，细节理解题要

注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息：主旨大意题需要

通读全文，寻找主题句，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6.阅读理解

ItwasamorninginJanuary.Thejetstream(急流)haddippeddown,causingtheArcticcoldto

reachthemountainsofmyhome.Itwasonly2degreesoutside,butthecoldwindmadeitfeel

likeitwas15belowzero.Still,Iwaskneelinginthesnowalongsidemyhousetryingtoopena

tinydoor,soIeouklgetin.1hadforgottentoleavemywaterdrippingthenightbeforeandnow

mywaterpipeswerefrozenandmyfaucets(水龙头)weredry.

ThewindcutintomelikeaknifewhileIstruggledtogettwoelectricheatersinplacearound

thesectionoffrozenpipes.Thewaterlineswereburiedexceptforasmallpiecethatconnected

uptomyhouse.Iputaheateroneachsideofit,rantheextensioncords(软线)intomyhouseand

pluggedthemin.Bothheatersroaredtolifeandstartedblowinghotaironthefrozenwaterpipes.

Myfingershadalreadystartedtogonumb,soIstayedinsidetowait.Icouldonlyhopethatthis

bitofwarmthcouldgetmywaterflowingagain.Finally,aftertwentyminutes,thewaterstarted

flowingthroughmyfaucetsagain.Iwentbackoutsideintothebillercoldandgatheredmy

heatersup.IlookedattheweakJanuarysunshiningonthefrozensnowandsmiled.ThenIsenta

joyfilledwith"Thankyou"heavenwardandreturnedinsidetomakemyselfahotbreakfast.

Sometimesthecoldnessofthislifecangettousaswell.Itcanmakeourheartsfeelicyand

frozen.Itcankeepourkindnessandlovefromflowingouttoothers.Sometimes,though,allwe

needisabitofwarnthtogetusgoingagain.Itcanbeasmplesmile,akindword,aheart-felt

hug,amorningsunrise,abird'ssongoranygentlereminderofjusthowmuchGodlovesus.Let

usallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbit

ofwannthforotherseverychanceweget.

(1)Whatwasthedirectreasonwhythewaterpipeswerefrozen?

A.Thejetstream.B.Thelowtemperature.

C.Thecoldwind.D.Theauthor'sowncarelessness.

(2)Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase"roaredto"inParagraph2?

A.Beganfunctioningsmoothly.B.Workedinappropriately.

C.Brokedownsuddenly.D.Screamedoutloudly.

(3)Whatdidtheauthor:hinkofhiswork?

A.Embarassed.B.Satisfied.C.Madwithjoy.D.Cautiouslyoptimistic.

(4)Whatisthelastparagraphmainlycenteredon?

A.Thecoldnessoflifehasanegativeeffectonourlifequality.

B.Wemeetwiththecoldnessoflifeunavoidablyandunwillingly.

C.Weshouldbethankfulforbitsofwarmthoflife.

D.Weshouldseizeeverychancetoreceivewarmthoflifefromothers.

【答案】(1)D

(2)A

(3)B

(4)C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个寒冷的冬天早晨，由于作者的粗心大意而使水

管冻死，没水可用。作者只得想尽办法自己修复，最后得到了热水做了早餐。作者从这件

事得出，不要让生活中的寒冷影响我们，要感激生活中给我们带来的每一个温暖。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Ihadforgottentoleavemywaterdrippingthenight

beforeandnowmywaterpipeswerefrozenandmyfaucets(水龙头)weredry”可知，头天晚上

我忘记了让水龙头的水一直处于滴水的状态，现在水管冻结了，水龙头也流不出水了。由

此可知，导致水管冻结的直接原因是由于作者本人的疏忽。故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"...andstartedblowinghotaironthefrozenwater

pipe...aftertwentyminutes,thewaterstartedflowingthroughmyfaucetsagain”可知，两个力U

热器开始向冻结的水管吹热空气，…二十分钟后，水又开始流过我的水龙头。此处roared

tolife表达的含义应该是两台加热器开始正常运转起来。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选

Ao

(3)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"IlookedattheweakJanuarysunshiningonthefrozen

snowandsmiled.ThenIsentajoyfilledwith"Thankyou"heavenwardandreturnedinsideto

makemyselfahotbreakfast.”中的smiled和“ajoyfilledwith"Thankyou""可知,作者对自己的

工作很满意。故选B。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的"Letusallbeg-atefulforthosebitsofwarmththat

gelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbitofwarmthforotherseverychanceweget."可

知，作者强调我们要感激生活中的每一个温暖，无论它们是多么的微不足道。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一

篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上卜文的逻辑关系，进行

分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7.阅读理解

Formanyfamilies,anightattheballparkisatreat.Butitcanbeaterribleexperienceforthose

withautistic(自闭症的)children,whoaresensitivetolightandnoiseandusuallybecomeupset

andscared.

Forthesefamilies,fearofhowtheirchildwillreacttonewsituations-andhowotherswillreact

tothem-keepsthemfromgainingeverydayexperiencesothersgettohave.

Dr.WendyRosswasheartbrokentoseethat.Thepediatrician(儿科医生)inPhiladelphiaalso

knewthatseparationfrom:hecommunitydidn'tserveherpatientswellinthelongrun.

"Ifkidsarenotinthecommunity,buildingtheirskillsfromveryyoungages,thenthere'sno

reasontoexpectthemtobeindependentoneday,"Rosssaid."It'sasocialdisability.Itneedsto

beaddressedinasocialsetiing."

Soin2007,Rosssetouttodojustthat.Today,hernonprofit,AutismInclusionResources,helps

familiesaffectedbyautismdealwithchallengingsocialsituations,suchassportingevents,airport

travelandmuseumvisits.

ManyMajorLeagueBaseballteamsholdannual44autismawarenessnights",whentheytake

temporarymeasuressuchasloweringthevolume(音量)onthepublicaddresssystem.ButRoss

wantedtodomore."Youcan'tturndownthevolumeoftheworld,"Rosssaid."It'snicetodoit

foronenight,butourgoalisforfamiliestobeabletogotoagameonanynight."

Tothatend,RosspartneredwiththePhiladelphiaPhilliestodevelopacreativeprogram.

ShearmedallthePhilliesplayersandgame-daystaffwithknowledgeaboutautismandhowto

interactwithindividualswhohavethedisorder.Eachfamilyisalsoprovidedaclinicianatthe

gamewhogivesadditionalsupportifproblemsarise.Shealsohelpspreparethefamiliesfcrthe

event.

Rosshasalsofoundherairporttravelprogramtobesuccessfulforfamilies.Usingthesame

principles,shetrainsairlineandsecuritystaffatmajorairportsandthenguidesfamiliesthrough

thetravelexperience,includingcheckingin,goingthroughsecurityandboardingaplane.

Rosshopesthatthetoolsshegivesfamiliescanhelpthemexploreothersettingsontheirown.

"Wereallyseeitasasteppingstonetoabrighterfuture,"shesaid.

(1)AccordingtoRoss,whatdoesasocialdisabilitymean?

A.Fearinglightandnoise.B.Lackingsocialexperience.

C.Havingtorelyonothersforhelp.D.Beingseparatedfromthecommunity.

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"domore",imply?

A.Makingtheballparklessnoisy.

B.Makingbaseballteamsautism-friendly.

C.Providinganormalgameforautisticchildren.

D.Encouragingautisticchildrentogooutintopublic.

(3)WhatisthePhiladelphiaPhillies?

A.Abaseballteam.B.Abaseballgame.

C.Ateamofclinicians.D.Familieswithautisticchildren.

(4)WhatisthepurposeofRoss'sairporttravelprogram?

A.Tohelpfamiliestolearnaboutairtravel.

B.Toteachairportstaffknowledgeaboutautism.

C.Toteachautisticchildrenhowtotravelbyair.

D.Tohelpautisticchildrengetusedtosocialsituations.

【答案】⑴C

(2)C

(3)A

(4)D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，儿科医生Dr.WendyRoss为了让深受自闭症折磨的

孩子和家庭能够顺利融入社会而做出的卓有成效的努力。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Ifkidsarenotinthecommunity,buildingtheirskills

fromveryyoungages,therthere'snoreasontoexpectthemtobeindependentoneday,"以及

"It'sasocialdisability.Itneedstobeaddressedinasocialsetting.”一句中解释了asocial

disability的概念:无法独立，只能依靠别人的帮助。故选Co

(2)考查句义猜测。根据第六段中的"It'snicetodoitforonenight,butourgoalisfor

familiestobeabletogotoagameonanynight."可知Ross并不是只想举办一场特殊的比赛，而

是想让患有自闭症的孩子们每个晚上都能观看比赛。由此可知"d。more意为:为自闭症孩子

提供正常比赛。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第七段中的"partneredwiththePhiladelphiaPhillies"及第八段中

的"ShearmedallthePhilliesplayers..."可知PhiladelphiaPhillies应该是一支棒球队伍。故选

Ao

(4)考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“…helpsfamiliesaffectedbyautismdealwith

challengingsocialsituations,suchassportingevents,airporttravelandmuseumvisits"；以及f到

数第二段中的"Rosshasalsofoundherairporttravelprogramtobesuccessfulforfamilies.Using

thesameprinciples..."可知川:患自闭症的儿童去机场也是使这些儿童适应社会环境。故选

D,

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅

读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出

正确答案。

8.阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

In2011,NancyBallardwentforaroutinecheckupthatturnedintosomethingextraordinary.In

fact,shewascarryingapaintingofaplantshe'ddonewhenshearrivedatherdoctor'sSan

Franciscooffice."Itwouldbegreatifwehadartworklikethatforourchemotherapy（化疗）

rooms/'thenursesaid.Ballardaskedtoseeone.

Shewasshockedbywhatshefound.Thewallsweredullandbare,andthepaintwaschipping

（剥落）.Itwasadepressingroomforadepressingroutine-patientsrestrictedtochemodripsfor

perhapsseveralhours,oftenwithnothingtolookatotherthanthosesadwalls.Ballarddidn't

havecancerherself,butshecouldsympathizewiththepatients."Icouldn'timaginehowaryone

couldeventhinkaboutgettinghealthyinaroomlikethat,"shesays.Asithappens,Ballard's

physician,StephenHufford,wasillwithcancerhimself,scfindingtimetodecoratetherooms

waslowonhisto-dolist.SoBallardmadeithermissiontobrightenuptheplace.

Shestartedbye-mailing20localdesigners."Iwrote,'Youdon'tknowme.Butmyhearthurts

afterseeingtheserooms,"sheremembers.Shethenaskedwhethertheywoulddonatetheir

timeandmoneytotransformjustoneofDr.Hufford'sroomseach.

Asithappened,sixofthemwrotebackalmostimmediately.Sixroomsgotnewpaint,light

fixtures,artwork,andfurniture.Dr.Huffordwasdelighted."Allthepatientsfeelrelievedofthe

painbecauseofit,"hesaid.Heevennotedthathisowntoneofvoicewasdifferentintherooms

andthathewasbetterabletoconnectwithhispatients.

Ballardwassoencouragedbythepatients'reactionsthatshecreatedanonprofit,RoomsThat

Rock4Chemo,toraisemoneyanddecoratemorespaces.Sincethen,shehasworkedon20

projects,includingoneinPennsylvania."WewereinPhiladelphiaforaribboncutting,anda

womanwasthereonherthirdbattlewithcancer,"saysBallard,"Whenshesawwhatwe'ddone,

shesaid,Tmgonnabeatitthistime.IthoughtIwasn'tgoingto,butnowIknowI'mgonnabeat

it".

（1）WhatmadeBallarddecidetohelpdecoratethechemotherapyrooms?

A.Hersympathyforcancerpalienls