江苏省镇江市高三上学期期中考试英语试题

第I卷（选择题共85分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoperationroom. B.Inadoctor’soffice. C.Inaprofessor’soffice.2.Whatdidthewomansayabouttheelectronicdictionary?A.Shedoesn’thaveone. B.It’sverygood. C.Sheboughtitlastweek.3.WhereisBill’shouse?A.Nearatrainstation. B.Nearabusstop. C.Nearanairport.4.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Hehasnottakenhisbankcard.B.Hecan’tfindaplacetodrawsomemoney.C.Heforgetsthepasswordofhisbankcard.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Makinganinvitation. B.Makingasuggestion. C.Makingarequest.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。6.Howoldisthewoman’sgrandfather?A.65yearsold. B.67yearsold. C.69yearsold.7.Whatdidthewoman’sgrandfatherrepairlastweek?A.Ahairdryer. B.Akettle. C.Aclock.听下面一段对话，回答第8至9题。8.Howlongwouldtheassistantneedtoworkeachweek?A.Fourhours. B.Sixhours. C.Tenhours.9.Whatwillthewomandorightnow?A.Filloutajobapplication.B.Changeherclassschedule.C.OrganizetheCDsontheshelves.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。10.Whencanthemantakeoutoldnewspapers?A.OnTuesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.11.Howoftencanthemantakeoutbatteries?A.Onceamonth. B.Twiceamonth. C.Threetimesamonth.12.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Managerandclient.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Interviewingamoviestar.B.Discussingteenageproblems.C.Hostingaprogram.14.WhendidJamesDeanmovetoCalifornia?A.In1931. B.In1936. C.In1951.15.WhatdidJamesDeandoatcollegeinCalifornia?A.Hefirstactedinplays. B.Hedidmorestageacting. C.Hegotseriouslyintoacting.16.WhatdoweknowaboutJamesDean?A.Helosthislifeinacaraccident.B.Hewasbestatactingintragedies.C.Hemadenumerouspopularmovies.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Abankclerk. B.Ateacher. C.Awriter.18.Whatdoesthespeakerlikedoingatairports?A.Watchingpeople. B.Tellingstories. C.Readingmagazines.19.Whatdidthespeakerlearnfromthenewspaperthatday?A.Avaluablesuitcasewasmissing.B.Amanstolemoneyfromabank.C.Awomanranawayfromhome.20.Whatmightthewomandoattheairport?A.Shewastravellingonbusiness.B.Shewasseeingthemanoff.C.ShewasleavingforGreece.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。21.Inmanysituationsvoiceisfarmoreconvenientandnaturalthananyotherofmunication.A.means B.approach C.solution D.sense22.Iknowdaydreamingbenefitsinvention,butthefactthatithasnosolidevidence.A.willberemaining B.remained C.remains D.hadremained.23.Photosaremagicalinthattheycanhaveusseeingmomentsfromthepasttheywerefrozenintime.A.when B.incase C.unless D.asif24.Withelectricvehiclesbeingpopular,chargingstationsareinparkinggaragesandpublicspaces.A.springingup B.droppingout C.breakingdown D.gettingalong25.Aslifeitselftellsus,inarepetitivelifeisnottheproperwaytoliveit.A.trapping B.trapped C.beingtrapped D.havingtrapped26.Memoryisrightlyconsideredtooursenseofwhoweare.A.mercial B.fundamental C.individual D.professional27.Modernzoosshouldshouldermoresocialresponsibilitysocialprogressandawarenessofthepublic.A.inlightof B.infavorof C.inhonorof D.inpraiseof28.China’snewerawillbeaneraofbuildingonpastsuccessestofurtherthecauseoftheCPCandthecountry.A.announce B.acpany C.advance D.accumulate29.—Haveyougotanynewsoftheexamresults?—No,butI’llcontactyouassoonasIthem.A.amgetting B.got C.willget D.havegot30.TheoldestDisneythemedparkreceivesover14millionvisitorseachyear,nearly$3billioninrevenue.A.puttingin B.takingin C.joiningin D.cuttingin31.Thepaintingnotbeamasterpiece,butthecolorsaremarvelous.A.must B.may C.need D.should32.Robotscanalsoshineinfieldsrequirehigherprofessionalskills.A.that B.how C.when D.where33.Pushyourselftogobeyondyourfortzonebecausethat’slifetrulydoesbegin.A.what B.where C.which D.whose34.—Hemustbecrazytospendallthatmoneyonacar.—Yes,he’s!A.outofhismind B.awetblanket C.playinggames D.agreenfinger35.—IgotanofferforagoodjobinShanghai.—.Whenareyouleaving?A.Goodidea B.Thereyougo C.Yousaidit D.Goodluck第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ADog’sDayinCourtWeusedtoliveaboutaquartermilefromatraincrossing.Ourdog,Lenny,hadaveryannoyinghabit:hehowled(嗥叫)wheneveratrainwhistledforthecrossing,duetohisvery36hearing.Outsideorinthehouse,hehowledandhowled37thetrainwentby.Whenthewindwas38,hewouldevenhowlforthecrossingsfartherdownthe39.Welearnedto40thenoise,mainlybecausewelovedourpetsomuch.Earlyonemorningwhilewewereeatingbreakfast,weheardalongveryhighsoundofatrain’s41effortsfollowedbyaterriblecrash.We42outanddiscoveredatwistedcarjammedonthecowcatcher(排障器)ofthemassivelootive(火车头).Unfortunately,thedriverofthecarhaddied43.Backinthehouse,wecalledthelocalrescueworkers.Butweallimmediatelysaidtoeachother,“Lennydidn’thowl.Thewhistlecouldnothaveblown!”Atthe44,mybrotherrecognizedwhatwasleftofthecar45thatofhisfriend’sfatherandknewthesadnewswouldnowhavetobe46tothefamily.Whentherescueteamarrived,mybrothertoldthem,“Theengineercouldn’thaveblownthe47becauseourdogdidnothowl.Andhealwaysdoes!”ThestoryofLenny’showling48rapidlyaroundoursmalltownaseveryone49inthesorrowofthewifeandfamily.Leftwithoutthe50,thefamilyofninewasinadifficultsituation.Oneofthecounty’sbestknownlawyers51topursueaclaimagainstthe,bynow,infamousSooLineCooperationforthesakeofthewidowandchildren.Thelawyerhiredaninvestigatorandrecordingtechnician,who,fordays,atallhours,visitedourhomelisteningforoningtrainsand52recordingLenny’showl.Lennynever53torespondwithhishowltothesharpsoundofanapproachingtrain.Thetapedevidence,54incourt,alongwiththetestimony(证词)ofmyfamilymembers,convincedthejudgeandjury.Thesettlement55tothefamilysecuredtheirhomeandfuture.Countycourtrecordsgiveevidenceofthesuccessofa“dog’sdayincourt!”36.A.sensitive B.public C.accurate D.adequate37.A.unless B.until C.before D.although38.A.bitter B.right C.small D.sharp39.A.car B.train C.house D.track40.A.keepupwith B.giveinto C.putupwith D.liveupto41.A.speeding B.approaching C.operating D.braking42.A.headed B.marched C.dashed D.started43.A.peacefully B.naturally C.eventually D.instantly44.A.agency B.corner C.scene D.entrance45.A.as B.for C.like D.by46.A.confirmed B.conveyed C.declared D.leaked47.A.sign B.whistle C.howl D.wind48.A.circulated B.disappeared C.flowed D.delivered49.A.suffered B.abandoned C.shared D.struggled50.A.assistant B.master C.breadwinner D.host51.A.happened B.decided C.refused D.demanded52.A.vividly B.occasionally C.secretly D.faithfully53.A.failed B.bothered C.rejected D.managed54.A.negotiated B.exposed C.accumulated D.presented55.A.donated B.awarded C.allocated D.distributed第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ATheUniversityofTennessee’s(UT’s)InternationalUndergraduateMeritScholarshipisapetitiveawardforfreshmanandtransferstudentapplicantswhosetuitionisnotsupportedbysponsorshipsfromgovernments,organizations,orcorporations.Studentswhoaredualcitizensand/orpermanentresidentsarenotqualified.Theawardis5,000to15,000USdollars(USD)peryear(2,500USDto7,500USDpersemester).Itisrenewablefor:•FreshmenforuptoeightsemestersOR•TransferstudentsforuptofoursemestersHowtoApplyAllqualifiedinternationalundergraduateswhoareofferedregular(nonconditional)admissionareautomaticallyconsidered.Duetolimitedavailability,itishighlyremendedthatyouapplyatleasttwomonthsbeforethedeadline.PreserveYourScholarshipFindouttherequirementstopreserveyourInternationalUndergraduateMeritScholarshipafteritisinitiallyawardedtoyou.PriorityDeadlinesIfyouareawardedascholarship,youmustinformUTandconfirmyourenrollment(注册)byDecember1.StudentswhodecideearlierthanDecember1receivepriorityforhousing.RequirementstobeConsideredYoumustbeaninternationalstudentwho:•IspletinghighschoolinaforeigncountryorintheUSOR•IsenteringUTdirectlyfromaforeignorUSuniversityOR•Haspleted(orispleting)anassociate’s(准学士)degreefromanofficiallyrecognizedUScollegeRequirementstoReceivetheScholarshipApplicantsmustbedegreeseekinginternationalstudentsonatemporaryvisatostudyintheUS.Studentsmustnotbequalifiedfor:USfederallyfundedfinancialaidorinstate(resident)tuition.Questions?Pleasecontact:Dr.ThomasBroadhead OfficeofUndergraduateAdmissions1331CircleParkDr.Knoxville,TN379960230,865974111156.Whichofthefollowingrequirementsmustaninternationalstudentmeetifhewantstoreceivethescholarship?A.HeisastudentofDr.ThomasBroadhead.B.HeisreceivingUSfederallyfundedfinancialaid.C.HeisstudyingforhisdegreeintheUSonatemporaryvisa.D.Heispletinganassociate’sdegreeinaforeignuniversity.57.Thepassageisintendedto.A.stressthepriorityforhousingintheUniversityofTennesseeB.introducesponsorshipsfromgovernments,organizationsandcorporationsC.teachstudentshowtopreservetheirInternationalUndergraduateMeritScholarshipD.informstudentsoftheapplicationforUT’sInternationalUndergraduateMeritScholarshipBBeingbilingualhassomeobviousadvantages.Learningmorethanonelanguageenablesnewconversationsandnewexperiences.Butrecently,psychologyresearchershaveshowedsomelessobviousadvantagesofbilingualism,too.Forinstance,bilingualchildrenmayenjoycertaincognitive(认知的)benefits,likeimprovedexecutive(执行的)function—whichiscriticalforproblemsolvingandothermentallydemandingactivities.Now,twonewstudiesdemonstratethatmultilingualexposureimprovesnotonlychildren’scognitiveskillsbutalsotheirsocialabilities.Onestudyfrommydevelopmentalpsychologylab—conductedwithmycolleaguesattheUniversityofChicago—demonstratesthatmultilingualchildrencanbebetteratmunicationthanmonolingual(单一的)children.WetookagroupofchildrenintheUS,ages4to6,fromdifferentlinguisticbackgrounds,andpresentedthemwithasituationwheretheyhadtoconsidersomeoneelse’sviewpointtounderstandhermeaning.Forexample,anadultsaidtothechild:“Ooh,asmallcar!Canyoumoveitforme?”Childrencouldseethreecars—small,mediumandlarge—butwereinpositiontoobservethattheadultcouldn’tseethesmallestcar.Sincetheadultcouldseeonlythemediumandlargecars,whenshesaid“small”car,shemustbereferringtothechild’s“medium.”Wefoundthatbilingualchildrenwerebetterthanmonolingualchildrenatthistask.Ifyouthinkaboutit,thismakesintuitive(直观的)sense.Interpretingsomeone’sutterance(解读)oftenrequiresattendingnotjusttoitscontent,butalsotothesurroundingcon.Whatdoesaspeakerknowornotknow?Whatdidsheintendtoconvey?Childreninmultilingualenvironmentshavesocialexperiencesthatprovideroutinepracticeinconsideringtheperspectivesofothers:Theyhavetothinkaboutwhospeakswhichlanguagetowhom,whounderstandswhichcontent,andthetimesandplacesinwhichdifferentlanguagesarespoken.Interestingly,wealsofoundthatchildrenwhowereeffectivelymonolingualyetregularlyexposedtoanotherlanguage—forexample,thosewhohadgrandparentswhospokeanotherlanguage—werejustastalentedasthebilingualsatthistask.Itseemsthatbeingraisedinanenvironmentwheremultiplelanguagesarespoken,ratherthanbeingbilingualperse(本身),isthedrivingfactor.Therefore,thisispotentiallygoodnewsforparentswhoaren’tbilingualthemselves,yetwanttheirchildrentoenjoysomeofthebenefitsofmultilingualism.58.ThestudymentionedinParagraph4isdesignedto.A.testchildren’stalenttomunicatewithstrangersB.testchildren’sabilitytopare“small”and“large”C.presentachanceforchildrentochoosetheirfavoriteD.presentasituationforchildrentoconsiderinothers’position59.Whatkindofchildrenmaybeastalentedasthebilingualsatspecifictasksaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Childrenwhoaremonolingual.B.ChildrenwhopractiseEnglishregularly.C.Childrenwhohavegrandparentsspeakinganotherlanguage.D.Childrenwhojustpayattentiontothesurroundingcon.60.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsparentswhoarenotbilingualthemselves?A.Relieved. B.Concerned. C.Indifferent. D.Sympathetic.61.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ConsequenceofBilinguals B.TheSuperiorSocialSkillsofBilingualsC.ConsequenceofMonolinguals D.TheSuperiorCognitiveSkillsofBilingualsCQualmhasdemonstratedmobileinternetspeedsof1Gbpsusinga5Gsmartphonechip.Thechipsetmanufacturerclaimsthisisthefirstworking5Gdataconnectiononamobiledevice.Thefifthgenerationofthemobilenetworkdoesno,butitpromisesfasterdataspeedsandmorebandwidthtocarrymorewebtraffic.Qualmisdescribingthedemonstrationasa“majormilestone”,buisplayingitdown.1Gbpsisequivalentto1,000Mbps,andthisspeedwouldenableyoutodownloadaonehourTVprogrammeinHDfromBBCiPlayerinlessthansixseconds.“It’snotabigdeal,”Prof.WilliamWebb,anindependentconsultantandauthorofthebookThe5GMyth:Whenvisiondecoupledfromreality,toldtheBBC.“5Gisnotyetclearlydefined;they’vejustpostulatedwhattheythinkitwilllooklike.It’snot5Ginitsfinalform,soit’sprematuretosayit’sa5Gdemonstration.”ProfWebbaddedthatspeedshigherthan1Gbpswerealreadyachievableon4GForexample,Huawei’sKirin970chipsetofferedmobilespeedsofupto1.2Gbpswhenusedwithpatible(相容的)networkequipment.Qualmsaidthedemonstration,atitslaboratoriesinSanDiego,haduseditsfirstdedicated5Gchip,theSnapdragonX50NRmodemchipset,onthe28GHzmillimetrewavespectrumband.demonstration...demonstration...wasonlythefirstdataconnectiononthis5Gmode,”saidaspokesmanforthefirm.“Whenitisfinishedandreadytoshiptosmartphonemakers,itwillbecapableof5Gbpsspeed,whichno4GLTEchipcurrentlyavailablecansupport.“WhatourannouncementrepresentsisthefirststepswearetakingtocounterscepticslikeProfWebb:yes,millimetrewave5Gisapromisingtechnologyformobiledevicesandnetworks,andourachievementprovesthesteadyprogresswearemaking.”Whatis5G?Today’s4Gmobilenetworkscurrentlymakeuseofthesub6GHzfrequencies,butthesearenowheavilycrowded.Mobileoperatorsarerunningoutofcapacitytocarrythehugeamountsofwebtrafficgeneratedbyconsumersonbillionsofmobiledevices,inadditiontodatabeingsentfrominternetenabledsensorsinsmartdevices.Thespecificationsfor5Ghavenotyetbeensetoutbytheglobalmobilestandardsbody,3GPP,sovariouspartsoftheindustryaretryingdifferenttechnologies,withthehopethat5Gwillbereadyby2019.Someofthetechnologiesinvolveoptimisingthecurrent4Gnetworkbymakingthetransitofdatamoreefficient,inordertooffergreatercapacityandhigherspeeds.Buttherearealsoplanstomakeuseofthecurrentlyunused28GHzand39GHzmillimetrewavespectrumbands,whicharefoundintheelectromagneticspectrumbetweenmicrowavesandinfrared(红外线的)waves.Millimetrewavesofferfarmorebandwidththanthesub6GHzfrequencies,buttheradiosignalbeesworseifdataistransmittedovermorethanafewkilometres.“Therearemanydifferentdefinitionsof5G,someofwhichcouldbeputintoeffectby2019,andthosethatwouldn’tbe,suchasmillimetrewave,whichwillprobablytakealotlonger,”saidProfWebb.Qualmtakesissuewiththisanalysis,sayingthatitaimstohavemillimetrewavecapablesmartphonesinusers’handsbeforeJuly2019,whenisthefirstpatiblenetworkstohavebeeavailable.62.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“postulate”inParagraph2mean?A.Define. B.Assume. C.Use. D.Ask.63.Whatistheadvantageof5Gmobilenetwork?A.5Gchipismoreappealingtosmartphonemakers.B.Itisakindoftechnologythathasdevelopedsteadilywithoutdoubt.C.Ithasachievedthespeedof1Gbpswhile4Gcannotachievethisspeed.D.Itwillprovideuserswithfasterdataspeedsandcancarrymorewebtraffic.64.Thefollowingarethetechnologies5GrelatedindustriesaretryingorareplanningtouseEXCEPT.A.39GHzmillimetrewavespectrumbandsB.settingoutspecificationsC.improvementonefficiencyofthetransitofdataD.28GHzmillimeterwavespectrumbands65.WilliamWebbthinksthat.A.5GissomethingthatcannotbedefinedB.5GismysteriousanddecoupledfromrealityC.itwillbepossibletohave5GdemonstrationputintoeffectD.millimetrewavewilltakealongerdevelopingtimethan5G66.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.First5Gmobilenetconnection. B.Expertsattitudestoward5GC.Newtechnologyinsmartphonechips. D.Thedevelopmentofmobilenetconnection.DAdecadeago,CassSunstein,anAmericanlegalscholar,coauthoredabook,Nudge,withtheeconomistRichardThaler.Init,theyarguedthatnudgescanshapethebehaviourofpopulations.TheideaprovedsopersuasivethatitinfluencedWhiteHousepolicy,andSunsteinandThalerrosetofame.NowSunsteinhaspublishedanotherbook,Republic,whichdescribeshowsocialmediashapespoliticsandjournalism.Sofar,ithasnotreceivedasmuchattentionasNudge.Thisisapity:theideasinRepublicarearguablymoreimportant—andmorepressing.Thesedays,manyvotersseemextremelyangrywithbothjournalistsandsocialmedia.Inthiscolumnlastweek,forexample,Iwroteaboutthetribalisation(部落化)ofthemedia.ThishascausedmoreonlinereadermentsthanalmostanythingelseIhavewritten—andmostofthemareangry.Amidalltheemotion,whatisobviouslylackingareproposalsforawayforward.Readersandviewerssaytheywantthemediatobe“lessbiased”andto“focusonthefacts”buttheproblemofhowtofinanceandorganizeseriousnonpartisan(无党派偏向的)journalismforthemassmarketremainslargelyunsolved.Thetroubleisthatpartisansocialmediaisfree—andreadersseemtobehungryforthis.Sohowcanwesupportrealnewswhenmostvoterskeepflocking(蜂拥而至)toentertainingstoriesthatare(atbest)partisanand(atworst)deliberatelyfake?ThisiswhereRepublicesin.Sunsteinbelievesthatoneofthebiggestproblemsinmediatodayisthephenomenonof“informational”and“reputationalcascades”:ifastoryorideagetslaunchedonFacebookorTwitterinaformatthatiseasytoLikeorShare,itcansnowballrapidlyandinfluencepublicopinion.Thisprobablymakessocialmediasufferfrombothpolarisationandmanipulation(操纵)—anddamageestablishedjournalismgradually.Sunsteinsuggestssomestrategiestofightback.Theleastrealisticideaisthatgovernmentsorcharitygroupsshouldcreatesocalled“deliberativedomains”:spacesonlineorinthephysicalworldwhereopposingpoliticalviewpointscanbedebated.Healsoadvocatescampaignstopromotemedialiteracy(能力)amongthepublic.Anotherproposalisforgovernmentstorequiremediapaniestopromotenonpartisancoverage.Thegovernmentcouldalsoforcepartisanwebsitestoincludelinkstoarticleswithconflictingpointsofview:Breitbart,forexample,mightcarryalinktoapiecebyHuffingtonPost,andviceversa.Orsocialmediapaniescouldperhapscreatewaysthatenablereaderstoeacrossunexpectedideastowhichtheywouldnototherwisebeexposed.Amoreseveremovewouldbetoforcesocialmediasitestomeetcertainlegalstandards,similartothoseraisedforprintjournalism.67.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph1?A.Thebook,Nudge,waswellreceivedimmediatelyitcameout.B.Theydoubtedwhethertheminorchangescouldaffectthewaypeoplebehave.C.CassSunsteingotpraisedthankstohisdevotiontothebookwrittenbyhimonhisown.D.Thespecificideasinthebook,Nudge,madeadifferencetothepolicyofthegovernment.68.Whattheaudience’sattitudestothesocialmedia?A.Indifferent. B.Objective. C.Critical. D.Optimistic.69.What’stheproblemfacingthesocialmediaaccordingtothepassage?A.Theaudiencehavelostinterestinwhatthemediapresent.B.Themediatendtofavorsomeparties.C.Theyhavenomoneytokeepworking.D.Theonlinemediawillreplacethetraditionaljournalisminthefuture.70.WhatmeasureshouldbetakenaccordingtoSunstein?A.Createsocalled“deliberativedomains”.B.Providelinksfortheaudiencetoseemoresimilarviewpoints.C.Createaplatformwhereallpeoplecansharetheirideasabouttheirdailylife.D.ForceallpartisanwebsitestoprovidelinkstoHuffingtomPost.第II卷（非选择题，共两大题，35分）第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。Oneofthemostefficientwaystopromotepeaceandjumpstartflaggingeconomiesistoempowergirlsandinvestintheireducation.Today,girls’lackofaccesstobasiceducationispoundedwhenitestotheuseofdigitaltechnology,leavingthemfarbehindboys.Andbecausetheworldisevermoredigital,thosewholackbasicinternetskillswillfinditincreasinglymoredifficulttoparticipateintheformaleconomy,toobtainaqualityeducation,toaccesshealthcare,informationandpsychosocialsupport,tohavetheirvoicesheard.Since2013theglobalgendergapinmaleandfemaleaccesstotheInternethasactuallyincreasedfrom11to12percent.Worseyet,womenandgirlslivinginthepoorestcountriesare31percentlesslikelythanmenandboystohaveaccesstotheInternet.Indevelopingcountries,some200millionfewerwomenthanmenownamobilephone,themostmonmeansofInternetaccessthere.Thisdigitaldivideisincreasing,andshoulditcontinueatthepresentpace,itisprojectedthatover75percentofwomenandgirlswilllackinternetaccessanddigitalskills.Therearemanycausesforthedigitalgendergap.Theyincludegirls’exclusionfrombasiceducationwritlarge,fromspecifictechnologyeducationanddesign,highcostsofbothdevicesandinternetaccess,scarcityofcontentrelevantforwomenandgirls,andsocioculturalbiasesanddiscrimination,suchasbarrierstowomenspeakingfreelyandprivatelybothonlineandoffline.Indeed,oneofthemostinsidiousreasonswhygirlsmaybediscouragedfromlearninghowtoaccessandusedigitaltechnologyisalsoagroundlessone:thatgirlsaresimplynotadeptatusingtechnology.TheUnitedNationshasaffirmedthathumanrightsonlinearehumanrightsoffline.Thesestereotypesreinforceharmfulnormsthatkeepwomenandgirlsfromenjoyingtheirhumanrights.AccordingtotheInternationalInstituteforSustainableDevelopment,anindependent,nonprofitandnongovernmentalresearchorganization,thegenderdigitaldivideisamajorroadblocktowomen’seconomicempowermentandparticipationintheeconomy.Withoutamajorincreaseofpolicyeffortandinvestment,mostofthebenefitsoftechnologicalchangewillbeenjoyedonlybymen,worseninggenderinequality.InthewordsofUSAIDSeniorGenderCoordinatorMichelleBekkering,agirl’sfutureshouldbedefinednotbyhersex,butbyhermitmenttohardworkandabilitytoaccesstheresourcessheneedstosucceed.GirlsareleftfarbehindboysintermsofdigitaltechnologyPresentsituation•Lackingbasicinternetskillsmakegirlslesslikelytobe(71)intheeconomicactivities,toget(72),toaccesshealthcare,informationandpsychosocialsupport,andtovoicetheiropinions.•Thegendergaphasincreasedby1%since2013(73)andinthepoorestcountries,the(74)offemalesaccessingtheInternetareloweredby31%.•Indevelopingcountries,fewerwomenownthemobilephoneandthegreat(75)cannotbebridgedifitshouldcontinueatthepresentpace.Causesand(76)•Girlsare(77)fromsomedifferentformsofeducationandbothdevicesandInternetaccessareexpensiveforgirls.•There’salackofpropercontentandbiasesanddiscriminationstillexist.•Benefitsbroughtbytechnologicalchangesaremostlyenjoyedbymen,makinggenderinequality(78)ofaproblem.Opinionsandsolutions•Empoweredandofferedaqualityeducation,girlswillmakesignificant(79)topeaceandtheeconomicrecovery.•What(80)agirl’sfutureisherdevotion,hardworkandabilityratherthanhersex.•Womenandgirlsaresupposedtoenjoymorehumanrightsbothonlineandoffline.第五部分书面表达（满分25分）China’sextracurriculareducationsectorforprimaryschoolstudentshasdevelopedrapidly,especiallyinlargecities.Piano,painting,chess,skatingandotherlessonshavesprungupinmajorshoppingdistricts.Expensivesummercampsclaimingtobroadenchildren’shorizonsarealsopopular.Spendingonchildren’seducationisrisingeachyear.AsurveyofShanghaiearlyeducation(uptoage6)conductedbytheShang