2024北京通州区高三一模英语试题及答案

2024北京通州高三一模

英语

2024年4月

本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上

作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

项涂黑。

Samuelworkedinthetown'sbookstore.Hislifehadbeenpredictableandboring.Butonesunnymoming,the

bookstoreowner]thattheshopwouldbeclosingfbrgood.SamuePsheartsank,andhefoundhimselffacingan

2future.Yetarayofhopeemerged—anopportunitytostartanew.

Nothingventured,nothinggained,hethought,3thecouragetobreaknewground.Withanewfound

determination,Samueldecidedtogoafterhisdreamofbecominga4.

Withpeninhandandablankpagebeforehim,Samuelpouredhissouloutontothepaper.He5talesof

adventure,loveandself-discovery.Ashewrote,hegavelifetothecharactersthatdancedacrossthepage.6,an

unexpectedopportunitypresenteditself.Alocalpublishinghouse,charmedbySamuefsstories,offeredhima_7_

tosharehiswork.Hetookaleapoffaithandsaidyes!

“Outwiththeoldandinwiththenew“becameSamuel'spetphrase.Theonce-shyclerk8aconfident

author.Hisbooksfoundtheirwayintothehandsofreadersnearandfar,touchingheartsandigniting（点燃）

passions.

SamuePs9didn'tcomewithoutchallenges,butherememberedthesaying,"Whenonedoorcloses,another

opens"Eachcloseddoorbecameanopportunityforgrowthandasteppingstonetoevengreaterachievements.

Witheachbookhecomposed,heturnedoveranewleaf.Hisjourneyremindedeveryonethatstartinganewwasnot

justsurrendering（屈月艮）totheunknown.Itwasaninvitationto10alifefilledwithpurposeandfulfillment.

1.A.permittedB.complainedC.admittedD.announced

2.A.unusualB.uncertainC.impossibleD.unrealistic

3.A.gatheringB.lackingC.admiringD.recalling

4.A.clerkB.painterC.novelistD.publisher

5.A.pennedB.heardC.providedD.concluded

6.A.FrequentlyB.EventuallyC.ObviouslyD.Normally

7.A.chanceB.solutionC.conditionD.right

8.A.dependedonB.knewaboutC.learnedfromD.transformedinto

9.A.explorationB.curiosityC.successD.dignity

10.A.changeB.repeatC.createD.evaluate

第1页/共9页

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

A

Astrongworkethic(道德)isvitaltoacompany.Certain11(factor)cometogethertocreateastrong

workethic.Asenseofresponsibilityisafactor.Itaffects12anemployeeworks.Whentheemployeefeels13

(personal)responsibleforhisjobperformance,heshowsupontimeandcompletesprojectstothebestofhis

ability.Asenseofteamworkisanotherfactor.Anemployeewithahighsenseofteamworkhelpsateammeetits

goals.Theseemployeesrespectandhelpeachother,14(make)cooperationgosmoother.

B

NiagaraFallsisagroupoffalls,15(compose)ofthreefalls.ItreferstotheHorseshoeFallsonthe

NiagaraRiveroftheCanadiansideandtheAmericanFallsandtheBridalWilFallson(heNiagaraRiverofthe

Americanside.InthemiddleoftheNiagaraRiverthereisanislandnamedGoatIsland,16dividestheNiagara

RiverintotheHorseshoeandAmericanFalls.Theislandprovidescloseaccess17theHorseshoeandtheBridal

VeilFalls.

C

Afewyearsago,Nikedecidedtocreateanewuniformthatwouldhelpathletestogofaster.Theaimwas18

(reduce)windresistance.TheSwiftSuitismale,fromseveraldifferentfabrics.Sinceitscreation,manyworld­

classathletes19(run)intheSwiftSuit.ThefamousathleteCathyFreeman20(wear)herfull-length

greenandsilversuitwhenshecompetedinthe400metressprint(短跑)attheSydney2000Olympicsandwon

gold.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

ManythingscometomindwhenIthinkofagreatvacation.Impressivesceneryanddeliciousfoodare

certainlyonmylist.Thosetwofeaturescan'talwaysbefoundinthesamelocation.However,amazingviewsand

greatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.

TheRock.Zanzibar

OnanenormousstoneoffthecoastoftheEastAfricanislandofZanzibarsitsTheRock.Thefreshestseafood,

muchofitstraightfromthesurroundingocean,isalwaysavailablehere.Freshlobster,prawns,octopussaladand

calamariarejustafewoftheappetizingdiningoptions.Atlowtide,customerscanwalkouttoTheRock.Asthe

waterrises,though,customersmusttakeashortboatridetoit.Oncetheyarrive,they'regreetedbyfriendlystaff

and360-degreeviewsofbeautifulblue-greenwater.TheRock,sometimescalledthe“floatingrestaurant,Mis

availablefbrweddingsandothersmallgroupevents.

TheLabasinWaterfallsRestaurant,Philippines

Stunningwaterfallssometimeshaverestaurantsatthetop.ButtheLabasinWaterfalls,inSanPabloCity,

Philippines,aredifferent.Arestaurantsitsatthebottomofthesefalls.GuestsdineonauthenticFilipinomealsat

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bambootablesthatstandrightinthewater.Theycooltheirfeetinthewaterthatflowsundertheirtables.The

surroundingjunglemakesaperfectbackgroundforthisone-of-a-kinddiningexperience.

TheGrotto,Thailand

TheGrottoRestaurantonThailand'sPhraNangBeachoffersdeliciousfoodandanincredibledining

experience.Therestaurantispartlypositionedinsideacaveandpartlyonthebeach.Guestsseatedtowardthefront

lookoutatHappyIslandinthelovelyAndamanSea.Thoseseatedatthebackenjoyanauthenticcave-dining

experience.Comfortabletablesarearrangedinsidethecave.InternationalfoodwithaThaiinfluenceisfeatured.

Foryournexttravcl-and-diningadventure,whynotmakeareservationatoneoftheseuniquerestaurants?

21.WhatdoweknowaboutTheRock?

A.Itislocatedonanenormousship.

B.Itissuitableforholdingaweddingcelebration.

C.Customerscanwalkouttotherestaurantallthetime.

D.Thetablesstandrightinthebeautifulblue-greenwater.

22.Whatdothethreerestaurantshaveincommon?

A.Customerscanenjoythebeautifulviewsofthesea.

B.Shortboatridesareneededtogettotheserestaurants.

C.Theyofferthefreshestseafoodfromthesurroundingocean.

D.Theyintegratedeliciousfoodwithincrediblediningexperiences.

23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

A.1ccallonreaderstovisittheuniquerestaurants.

B.lbpresentavailablerestaurantsforreaderstoworkin.

C.lbintroducethedeliciousfoodofferedintherestaurants.

D.1cremindpeopletotakeabreakfromthebusyschedules.

B

WhenEmmawokeup,sheknewitwasgoingtobeoneofthosedays.Shefeltunwell—acoldhadtakenhold

ofher.Still,sheneededtobravethestormofresponsibilitiesatwork.Emmadraggedherselfoutofbedandgot

readyfbrwork.Thensheputonherraincoatandwentoutintothepouringrain.Asshewalked,shefoughtagainst

thebadweather.Emma'sumbrellawasalmostuselessasitwasrainingcatsanddogs.Thenlikeaboltfromthe

blue,thewindblewitinsideout.Shewasimmediatelywetfromheadtotoe.Shesaidtoherselfinaquietvoice.

“Whatadaytoforgetmyrainboots!,J

Attheoffice,thedaywasasstormyastheweather.Shehadamountainoftasks.Handlingendlessemailsand

phonecallsshouldhavebeenalightwind.Batbeforelong,shewasdesperatetotakeabreaksoshecouldgela

secondwind.

Then,atexactlythemoment,hercoworkerAlexcametoherrescue.Alexwasnotafair-weatherfriendbut

wasalwaysreadytolendahand.Withawarmsmile,heofferedtohelpEmma.HavingAlexassistherwaslikea

rayofsunshineonarainyclay.Theirlaughterandgood-fellowshipastheycompletedtheirtasksmadethehours

passquickly.

Onherwayhome,Emmareflectedontheday,whichhadendedupbeingsurprisinglypleasant.Sherealized

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thateveryclouddidindeedhaveasilverlining.Today,thatsilverlininghadbeenherwonderfulcolleague,Alex.

WhenEmmaarrivedhome,shedecidedtosendAlexaheartfeltmessageofappreciation.Shewrote,“Thanks

forbeingmyrayofsunshineinthisrainyday!”Itwasasimplemessage,butitcarriedalotofmeaning.

Thatnight,listeningtoitraincatsanddogsoutside.Emmacouldn'thelpbutsmile.Shehadweatheredthe

stormwithAlex'shelp.

24.WhydidEmmagettotallywet?

A.Becauseshefbrgottotakeherumbrella.

B.Becauseshedidn'twearherraincoat.

C.Becauseherrainbootswerebroken.

D.Becausethewindwastoostrong.

25.WhathappenedtoEmmaandAlexattheoffice?

A.Theyfinishedtheassignmentswithjoy.

B.Theytookabreaktorefreshthemselves.

C.Theytalkedabouttheweatherwhileperformingtasks.

DAlexcametorescueEmmabecauseshewasindanger.

26.HowdidEmmafeelatlast?

A.Gratefulandwarm.B.Pleasedandamused.

C.Shockedandconfused.D.Confidentanddetermined.

27.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?

A.Saveforarainyday.B.Hardworkpaysoff.

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

C

Memoriesarefunny,aren'tthey?Ybucanbegoingalong,mindingyourbusiness,andthen,allofasudden,a

memorypopsintoyourhead.Sometimesmemoriesaretriggered（触发）byasongthatremindsyouofthe

settingwhereyoufirstheardit.Oritmaybeasmellthatmakesyouthinkofadeliciousmealwithyourfriendsor

familyPerhapshearingkidsarguingmakesyourememberanunhappysituationwithchildhoodfriends.These

spontaneous（自发的）memoriescanhe“sweet,“ortheymightbe"sour."Didyoueverwonderwhat'sgoingon

inyourbrainthatmakesyourmemoriesproducepositiveornegativeemotions?

ResearchersattheSalkInstituteforBiologicaStudiesinCaliforniahavemadeadiscoverythatcouldhelpto

uncoverthissecret.Theexplanationisabittechnical（forthoseofuswhoarenotbrainscientists）,butbasically

itallfocusesonasinglemolecule（分子）calledneurotensin（神经降压素）.Oursurroundingenvironmentis

constantlypresentingourbrainwithstimuli（刺激）.Themoleculeneurotensinactsasakeyindicatorofwhether

anexperienceislabeledaspositiveornegative,dependingonthenatureofthestimuli.Ourbrainsubsequently

associatessimilarstimuliwiththepleasantorpainfulmemorythatweexperienced.

ThestudybytheSalkInstitutewaspublishedinthejournalNature.Thefocusoftheirexperimentswasthe

braincircuitryoflaboratorymice.Afterasoundwasplayed,themicereceivedeitherapleasantswallowofsugary

wateror,anunpleasantelectricalshockorpuffofair.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatneurotensinwasthesignal

第4页/共9页

thatassociatedthesoundwithrewardorwithpunishmentWhenthegene（基因）thatregulatesneurotensinwas

removedfromthemice,sbrains,theyhadmoredifficultyconnectingthesoundwiththesugarywater.However,the

negativeresponseswereenhanced.

Understandinghowneuronsinthebrainrespondtoneurotensincouldhaveinfluencesonone'smentalhealth.

Addictionsmaybecausedbyoverlyhighlevelsofneurotensin（connectedwithpositiverewards）.Ontheother

hand,depressionandanxietycanresultwhendecreasedlevelsofneurotensinallownegative,responsesto

dominate.Thus,regulatingneurotensincould,helptomaintainmentalstability.Oneotherthing:Theresearchstudy

showedthatthebrainmaytendtobeapessimist,focusingonfearfulmemoriesthatcausenegativeemotional

responses.

Perhapsinsightsintoneurotensinwillhelpushavefewersourmemoriesandmoresweetones.

28.Whatisthefunctionofneurotensin?

A.1cprovideourbrainwithstimuli.B.lbindicatethecategoryofanexperience.

C.lbfocusonthesurroundingenvironment.D.lbassociatethestimuliwithourmemory.

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Addictionsandanxietymayberelatedtodifferentlevelsofneurotensin.

B.Themiceweregivenbothsugarywaterandanelectricalshockafterhearingasound.

C.Asthegenewhichcontrolsneurotensindisappeared,thenegativeresponsesdecreased.

D.Thebrainprefersconnectingwithfearfulmemorieswhichproduceunexpectedemotions.

30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Whathappensinourbraintoformourmemory.

B.Whatthediscoveryofmemorycandoformentalhealth.

C.Howbrainconnectsourmemorywithdifferentemotions.

D.Howweregulateneurotensintomakeushavegoodemotions.

D

Inthisageofsocialmedia,everyonehasfollowedthereviewtrend.Nearlyeverybusinessorwebsite

persuadescustomerstoleavereviewsastheycandrivetraffictothesiteorbusiness.Theonlinebusinessdirectory

Yelp,whichgets178millionmonthlyvisitors,invitesanyonewithacellphonetoleaveareviewofabusinessor

restaurant.Butbynomeansarenegativereviewsalwayshonest.Somepeoplethreatentogiveabadreviewto

extort（敲诈）discountedorfreefoodfromarestaurant.Somethenfollowthroughwhentheirdemandsarenot

met.

Buttherearetwosidestoeverystory.OneDenverchefdecidedtorespondtobadreviewsathisrestaurant.As

itturnedout,somecustomerswholeftbadreviewsdeservedbadreviewsthemselves.Onecustomer'sterrible

reviewclaimedthatthefoodattherestaurantwassoawfulthathedidn'teatasinglebite.Thecheflookedthrough

themonitorandfoundclearevidencethathehadeateneverybite!Inresponse,thechefcalledoutthedissatisfied

customerinhisownnegativereview.Sincethechefstartedrespondingtoallhisnegativereviews,businessathis

restauranthasnearlydoubled.

Tellingpeoplewhatyouthinkofthemastheresultofabadreviewcanbackfireonyou,especiallywhenabad

reviewisjustified.Reviewsareimportantbecause94percentofdinersreadonlinereviewsbeforetheydecide

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wheretoeat.

Butbadreviewsappearformanyreasons.Thereviewermaybehavingabadday,orthechefmaybesickand

thesubstitute（代替者）couldn'tfillhisshoes,sothecuisinesuffered.Orperhapstheservicewasn'tasgoodas

usual.Theworst-casesceneisthatthereviewerwantstopunishtherestaurantonpurposeforsomeslight,realor

imagined.Sooneortwobadreviewsneedtobetakenwithagrainofsalt.Manynegativereviews,however,

indicateaproblem.

Sowhatisarestauranleurtodo?Firstgiveanhonestassessmentofanynegativereviews.Takeastepbackand

askifthewriterhasmadeanyvalidpoints.Arethereareasforimprovement?Iftheanswerisyes,make

adjustments.Reviewersthemselvesneedtobehonestandconstructive.Thegoalshouldbetoimprovethesituation,

notjustblowoffsteam.

31.TheauthormentionsYelpinParagraph1to.

A.imroducethetopicB.predicttheending

C.evaluateanargumentD.supportastatement

32.Regardingnegativereviewstorestaurants,theauthoris.

A.positiveB.objectiveC.negativeD.doubtful

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“valid"inParagraph5mostprobablymean?

A.Philosophical.B.Identical.C.Reasonable.D.Legal.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhotoBeResponsibleforBadReviews?B.WhentoRespondtoBadReviews?

C.HowtoCriticiseBadReviews?D.WhattoDowithBadReviews?

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中

有两项为多余选项。

Beforeyouheadouttoafuneventwheretherewillbemanypeople,youshouldbeawareofthedangersofa

crowdcrush（拥挤的人群），whosepossibilityaddsupduringthefestivalsoronsomecelebratingoccasions.

Thoughtheriskofcrowdcrushisrare,itcanbedeadlywhenithappens.Crowdcrushoccurswhenmany

peoplearepackedtogetherandbegintofalloveroneanother.Inthepast,suchinstanceshavecausedhorrible

injuryandevendeath.35

Beforeattendingacrowdedevent,lookupamapofthevenue.36Onceyouarrive,choosingtherightspot

canbecrucial.Avoidthemiddleorfront;instead,pickthebackoredgesofacrowd.Itsalsoimportanttotrustyour

feelings.Stayawaretoseeifyoufeelpackedinatanypoint.Themorecrowdedtheeventbecomes,thesooneryou

mayneedtomovetoasafeplace.

37Themostimportantthingyoucandoisstayonyourfeet.lbdothis,spreadyourfeetapartandbend

yourkneesalittle.Alsomakesuretomovewiththeflowofthecrowd.Tryingtomoveagainstacrowdofpeople

willonlyendindisaster.

Helpingothersisanothergreatwaytokeepeveryonesafe.Onceonepersonfallsdown,morepeopletendto

falloverthem.38

Acommoncauseofdeathinacrowdcrushisn'tbeingcrushedbutratherlosingairIt'sbesttoholdoutyour

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armsinfrontofyourchest.39Italsoprotectsyourchestandlungsfrombeingcrushedonthegroundshouldyou

fall.

Thereisusuallyfunwherethecrowdsare,soenjoyyourself.Buimeanwhile,itisalsoimportanttoremember

tostayalertandtakecareofyourfamilymemberswhenyousensethesmellofdanger.

A.Ifyoudoendupinacrush,here'showyoucanstaysafe.

B.Thisallowsspacebetweenyouandthepersoninfrontofyou.

C.Soifyourneighborinthecrowdfallstotheground,helpthemup.

D.Seekingfbrasaferplacetakessometimeandissometimeschallenging.

E.lbavoidsuchanoutcome,it'sbesttoescapethecrushbeforeithappens.

F.Theshortageofairmeanslessoxygen,whichwillleadtoseriousconsequences.

G.Thiswillgiveyouanideaofthesurroundings—payspecialattentiontoanyexits.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Frombirth,everypersonneedsotherhumanbeings.Babiesneedtobeuaredk）rtosurvive.Theirfirsi

connectionsusuallycomefromparentsandotherfamilymembers.Butaschildrengrowup,theyspendmoretime

withothers.Andtheymayormaynotfeelconnectedtothepeopletheyseeeveryday.Somepeoplefeeldifferent

fromorrejectedbytheirneighbors,peopletheyworkwithoreventheirfamilies.Peoplewhodon'tfeellikethey

belongoftenfeellonely,evenwhenothersarearound.

Peoplefinddifferentwaystomeettheirnaturaldesiretobelongtoagroup.Somerelyontheirfamilieswhile

othersfindcommunitiesbasedonotherinterests.Thesecanincludesharedgoals,lifeexperiencesorpopular

culture.

Youneedothersformanyreasons.Communitymemberscanofferadviceorpracticalhelpwhenyougo

throughdifficulttimes.Youcanalsogrowasapersonfromhelpingothers

Sowhatcanyoudoifyoulackasenseofbelonging?Thefirststepwillusuallybetomakeaconsciouseffort

toreachouttoothers.Youcouldjoingroupsbasedoninterestsyoushare.Oryoucouldcontactanindividualwith

whomyouhavesomethingincommonanddecidewhentomeetup.Thismaybeuncomfortableatfirst,butaswith

mostthings,itbecomeseasierwithpractice.Focusingonothersmorethanonyourselfmayhelp.Askquestionsthat

showyoucareaboutothers'lives.Thiswillhelpthemfeelvalued.Ifyouareshy,itwillspareyoufromhavingto

talkaboutyourselftoomuch.

Findingcommunityrequiresawillingnesstoacceptothers.Butitisalsoimportanttoremaintruetoyourself.

Ifapersonalwayshideshisorhertruethoughtsandfeelingstofitin,howcouldheorshefeelasenseof

belonging?Anditwillbemucheasierifyouaskyourselfwhatmattersmosttoyou.

Findingaplacewhereyoubelongmaynotbeeasy.Butitwillhelpyouliveahappier,morefulfilledlife.Soif

youaretheonelookingforit,don'tlosehearteasilysinceittrulydeservestheeffort.

40.Wherearebabies'firstconnectionsusuallyfrom?

41