2025届广东省惠州市惠东县高三第三次模拟考试英语试题（含答案）

第第页2025届广东省惠州市惠东县高三第三次模拟考试英语试题一、AEarlyBirdChristmasSaleTheWeekJuniorisamulti-award-winningcurrentaffairsmagazineforchildrenaged8-14,filledwithengagingarticles,eye-catchingphotosandbigideas.Itengagesandexcitescuriousyoungminds,expandsviewsandencourageschildrentoexploreandunderstandtheworldaroundthem.OurearlybirdChristmassaleincludesanamazingFREEbookTheWeekJuniorBigBookofKnowledge,aperfectgiftforcuriouschildren.Childrenlovethemagazinebecause:●It'sjustforthem:TheWeekJuniorarrivesthroughtheirletterboxeachweekaddressedtothem.●Itsparks(触发)theirthinking:Weexplainworldeventsclearlyandcarefullyandhelpchildrentothinkcriticallyanddeveloptheirownpointofview.●Itgetsthemreadingforpleasure:Eachpageiscreatedtocatchandholdtheirattention,encouragingareadinghabitandaloveoflearningthatwillstaywiththemforlife.SubscriptionTypesPrint&DigitalPrintDigital*FreeBigBookofKnowledge*Save64%*Printedmagazinedeliveredweekly*Fullysearchabledigitaleditionweekly*Digitalbackissuelibrary*Cancelanytime*FreeBigBookofKnowledge*Save45%*Printedmagazinedeliveredweekly*Cancelanytime*Nofreebook*Save41%*Fullysearchabledigitaleditionweekly*DigitalbackissuelibraryNotes:ThisisaChristmasgiftsubscription.ThefirstissuewillarriveinJanuary.SparkcuriositythisChristmas,andforweekstocome,bygiftingasubscriptiontoTheWeekJuniorplusaBigBookofKnowledgeforchildrentounwraponChristmasDay!1．WhatisspecialaboutTheWeekJunior?A．Itisafreemagazine. B．Itisintendedforkidsunder8.C．Ithaswonmanyawards. D．ItispublishedforChristmas.2．WhataspectofTheWeekJuniorappealstochildren?A．Clearprint. B．Diversityinopinion.C．Convenienceindelivery. D．Inspiringcontent.3．Whatcanweknowaboutthesubscription?A．Digitalsubscriptionsavesthemost.B．Printsubscriberscangetafreebook.C．Thefirstissuecomesrightaftersubscription.D．Cancellationisallowedforeachsubscriptiontype.二、BWhenIwasachildIwasoftentoldwhatnottoeat."Youdon'twanttogetfat"wasonconstantrepeatthroughoutmychildhood.Itreallymessedupmyrelationshipwithfood—somethingthattookmeyearstoovercome.Becauseofthis,I'mcarefulnottoconnectwhatmykidsweighwiththeirworthaspeople.Iencouragemydaughtertomakehealthysnackchoicesandoftendissuade(劝阻)herfromaseconddessert.ButonedaywhenIheardhersaying"IthinkI'mtoofat,"myheartsank.Itmademewonderifgivingheradviceonsnackswashavinganunintentionallynegativeimpact.AccordingtoCharlotteMarkey,aprofessorofpsychology,foodisoneoftheraresubjectswhere,asparents,sayinglessismore."Therearesomanythingsinparentingthataregoodtotalkthrough,butI'mnotconvincedthatfoodisoneofthem."shesays."Itjustcreatessomeworriesandinsecuritiesinkidsthataren'tnecessarilyhealthy.Instead,sherecommendsapplyingawell-knownconceptamongnutritionexpertscalledthe"DivisionofResponsibility,"whereparentsprovideavarietyofmostlyhealthyfoodstotheirkidsatfixedtimes,andthekidsthemselvesdecidewhatandhowmuchtheywanttoconsume—evenifthatmeansoccasionallyeatingmorecookiesthancarrots.Allowingkidstoeatwhattheywantalsoexposesthemtothenaturalconsequencesoftheirdecisions."Whenyourchildsays,‘Mystomachhurts,'youcansay,"Wellyouhadalotofsugaryfoodsandyoumightfeelbetterifyoumadesomeotherchoices."saysMarkey."Letthemfeelliketheyhavesomecontroloverit."I'vebeentryingoutthesestrategiesandI'vefoundthatwhenI'mlessrestrictive,theydomakebetterdecisions."Feedingisalonggame,"saysMarkey."Thefoodyouhaveavailablemakesahugedifference.Eveniftheydon'teatit,they'reseeingit.Andthenallofasuddenitclicks."4．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A．Sheisupsetbyherkids'weight.B．Sheiscriticalofthewayshewasfed.C．Sheisinterestedinmakingfood.D．Sheisparticularaboutwhatsheeats.5．WhichofthefollowingwouldMarkeydisapproveof?A．Allowingkidstoeatcookiesoccasionally.B．Offeringvariousfoodstokidsatfixedtimes.C．Explainingtokidstherisksoftakingsnacks.D．Talkingwithkidsaboutschoolatmealtimes.6．Whatshouldkidsdoaccordingtothe"DivisionofResponsibility"?A．Makedietdecisionsontheirown. B．Sharetheirfoodwithotherkids.C．Eatupwhatisprovidedforthem. D．Helptheirparentsdothedishes.7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthestrategiesshehasbeenfollowing?A．Costly. B．Complex. C．Workable. D．Contradictory.三、CWeallknowcacti(仙人掌)storewater—buttosurive,theyalsoadjusttheirflowerpositionstogainmoresunlightorshade,andsomuchmore.Scientistshavebeencopyingtheresilientplants'methodstohelpengineerourfuture.OneofthemostexcitingadvancementsinvolvesCopiapoa,agenusofcactiwithatleast32speciesfoundinthecoastalAtacamaDesert,thedriestnonpolardesertonEarth.Thesecacti,typicallyfivetosixincheswide,canformgray-greenbushesthatspreadoutoveranareaotherwiseemptyofvegetation.Documentedbymanyscientists,Copiapoasprobablysurviveby"drinking"thesaltyfogthatsweepsinfromtheseaeverymorning,aswellasthedew—tinybitsofwater—thatformsontheirspines(尖刺)andskin.ThishasinspiredresearcherTegwenMalikfromSwanseaUniversitytothinkaboutwhetherthedew-colletingprocessmightbereproducedinmetalstructures.Specifically,Maliktookacloselookattheone-and-a-quarter-inchspinesofCopiapoasandfoundthattheirsurfacehasaseriesoftinychannelsthatbroadenatthebase."Thiscreatesasurfaceroughnessthatenablesdewdropstomovealongthemevenagainstgravity,"shesays.Startingin2013,shesetouttore-createthatstructurebyengineeringaflatmetalreproductionofthestemsandspinesoftheCopiapoa,whichshebegantestingunderaseriesofdifferenttemperaturesandhumidities.Afterseveralyearsofexperiments—testingindoorandoutdoorconditions,andwithvariouscoolingmethods—shefinallygotittowork.In2023,Malikpublishedastudyshowingthattheirregularsurfacewas8percentmoreefficientatharvestingdewthanaflatsheetusedasabaseline.Malikimaginesdeserthomeswithwater-collectingfeaturestoprovidecleanwaterindryregions."Theeasiestwaycouldbetoplacedew-harvestingsurfacesonroofs,butyoucouldalsohavethesestructuresintentsinthedesert,"shesays."WetrulyhavehiddentreasuresintheCopiapoa,andweareonlyjustlearningsomeoftheirsecrets."8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"resilient"meaninparagraph1?A．Highlyadaptabletodifferentsoils.B．AbletogrowquicklyandefficientlyC．Resistanttodiseasesandharmfulinsects.D．Capableofsurvivingdifficultconditions9．WhatdroveTegwenMaliktostudyCopiapoas?A．Theirmetal-likesurface. B．Theirmechanismtogatherwater.C．Theirtypicalappearance D．Theirabilitytoformwaterdrops.10．WhatwasthemainfocusofMalik'sexperimentwiththeCopiapoa?A．RecreatingaflatmetalcopyofitB．TestingifitsmetalcopywouldworkC．Seeinghowitsurvivesvariousclimates.D．Findingthemostefficientcoolingmethodforit.11．HowmayMalik'smetalstructurebeapplied?A．Tosecurewatersupplyindryareas.B．Tocleansaltywaterindeserthomes.C．Toenabledesertexplorerstotravellight.D．Toimprovewaystodiscoverhiddentreasures.四、DAsnewtechnologiestakeonincreasinglyhumanlikequalities,there'sbeenapushtomakethemgenderless."Peoplearestereotyping(形成刻板印象)theirgenderedobjectsinverytraditionalways,"saysAshleyMartin,aStanfordassociateprofessoroforganizationalbehavior.Removinggenderfromthepicturealtogetherseemslikeasimplewaytofixthis.YetasMartinhasfoundinherwork,genderisoneofthefundamentalwayspeopleformconnectionswithobjects,particularlythosedesignedwithhumancharacteristics.Inherstudy,Martinaskedparticipantstoratetheirattachmenttomale,female,andgenderlessversionsofadigitalvoiceassistantandaself-drivingcarknownas"Miuu."Itwasfoundthatgenderincreasedusers'feelingsofattachmenttothesedevicesandtheirinterestinpurchasingthem.Forexample,participantssaidtheywouldbelesslikelytobuyagenderlessvoiceassistantthanversionswithmaleorfemalevoices.Whilegenderingaproductmaybegoodmarketing,itmayalsostrengthenoutdatedorharmfulideasaboutpowerandidentity.Thestereotypescommonlyassociatedwithmen,suchascompetitivenessanddominance,aremorevaluedthanthoseassociatedwithwomen.Thesequalities,inturn,aremappedontoproductsthathavebeenassignedagender.Martin'sstudyalsofoundthatcreatingagenderlessobjectwasdifficult.Forinstance,ifanobject'snamewasmeanttosoundgenderless,likeMiuu,participantswouldstillassignagendertoit—theywouldassumeMiuuwasa"he"or"she."Martinseesasilverlining,however:Shebelievesthatanthropomorphism(拟人化)"providesanopportunitytochangestereotypes."Whenwomenareputintopositionsofleadershiplikerunningcompanies,itreducesnegativestereotypesaboutwomen.Similarly,anthropomorphizedproductscouldbecreatedtotakeonstereotype-inconsistentroles—amalerobotthatassistswithnursingorafemalerobotthathelpsdocalculations,forinstance.12．Whatisthepurposeofmakingnewtechnologiesgenderless?A．Toreducestereotypes. B．Tomeetpublicdemand.C．Tocutproductioncosts. D．Toencouragecompetition.13．Whatweretheparticipantsprobablyaskedtodointhestudy?A．Designaproduct. B．Respondtoasurvey.C．Workasassistants. D．Takealanguagetest.14．Whyisitdifficulttocreategenderlessobjects?A．Theycannotbemass-produced. B．Namingthemisachallengingtask.C．Peopleassumetheyareunreliable. D．Genderisrootedinpeople'smind.15．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Thequalityofgenderlessproducts. B．Theupsideofgenderingaproduct.C．Themeaningofanthropomorphism. D．Thestereotypesofmenandwomen.五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IalwaysadmiredmygrandmotherJenny'sgardeningskills.Butitwasn'tuntilasunnyafternooninherbackyardthatIbecameinterestedingardeningmyself.Weweretheretogrowtomatoes.Shehandedmeatinyyoungtomatoplant.16．It'safamilytradition!Overtime,thetinyseedling(幼苗)hadgrownintoalargetomatoplantwithmanyjuicyredtomatoes.HarvestingthosetomatoeswithmygrandmawasajoyIwon'tforget.Wespenthoursinherkitchenmakingdelicioushomemadespaghettisauce.17．Mytimeinthegardenwithmygrandmashowedmethatgardeningismorethanjustahobby.It'sawaytoconnectwithourroots.Thegardenbecamesomethingwebothloved,bringingusclosertogetherandcreatingastrongbond.18．Iwateredtheplantstoomuchandforgottotakecareofthesoil.Itwasalearningexperience.ButIdidn'tgiveup.Instead,Isawthesemomentsasopportunitiestolearn.Ireadbooks,wenttoworkshops,andaskedexperiencedgardenersinmycommunityforadvice.Yet,MotherNaturecanbeunpredictable.fromunbearableheattounexpectedfrosts.Ilostsomeofmyfavoriteplantsduetoextremeweathers.19．Iuseddrought-tolerantplantsandprotectivecoveringslikeshadeclothsandfrostblanketstohelpmystrongplantsgrow.Gardeningisalifelongjourneyoflearning.20．It'slikefindingahiddenlibrary,whereeachplantandplotofferssomethingnewtodiscover.ThemoretimeIspendinthegarden,themoreIrealisethatthesoilisnotjustaplaceforplantstogrow—it'salsoidealgroundformypersonalgrowth.A.Gardeningincoldweatherwillberathertough.B.Justthesmellalonebroughtbacksomanymemories.C.However,myfirstattemptsatgardeningdidn'tgoverywell.D.Thenshesharedstoriesofherowngrandmotherdoingthesame.E.Andgrandma'sgardeningjourneyconnectswithmeemotionally.F.It'salwayschangingandrequiresustostayopentonewknowledge.G.ButIstartedplantingwiththeclimateinmindinsteadofgettingupset.六、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、Ｃ和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ManuelaRibeirohasahealthyaddiction.It's21．.Afewmonthsago,the30-year-oldteacherdecideditwastimetoputher22．togooduse.ShesigneduponthewebsiteBookalokal,andnowwelcomes23．intoherBrusselsflattwiceaweekfordinnerparties.Ribeiro24．€35perpersonforwhatisusuallyathree-coursemealthatcanlastuptothreehours.ForRibeiro,ithasbecomeaperfectplatformfor25．herhobbyofbuyingfood,26．newrecipesandholdingdinnerparties."It'sagreatopportunitytosharemypassionforfoodandto27．newpeople,"saidRibeiro.SometimesshepreparestraditionalBraziliandishes28．hernativehome;othertimesshe29．dinnercourseswithherfavoritebeers.TheplatformhasenabledRibeirotorealiseherdreamwithagreatdealoffreedom,as30．toarestaurantwheretheserviceis31．,themenuisknowninadvance,andthemealisexpectedtobeno32．."Butit'salsoagreat33．,foritcansometimestakedaysto34．asingleevent,"Ribeirosaid."Thisplatformisnotonly35．forprofessionalcooks,butalsoforthosewillingtodiscovernewexperiences."21．A．reading B．traveling C．cooking D．teaching22．A．hobby B．energy C．education D．money23．A．coworkers B．students C．relatives D．strangers24．A．pays B．charges C．owes D．raises25．A．pursuing B．choosing C．discussing D．changing26．A．passingon B．tryingout C．goingover D．takingdown27．A．hire B．help C．meet D．train28．A．inadditionto B．inreturnfor C．inhonorof D．inlinewith29．A．replaces B．tastes C．orders D．pairs30．A．opposed B．related C．subject D．vital31．A．invaluable B．impersonal C．unsuitable D．unprofessional32．A．surprise B．end C．need D．problem33．A．lesson B．pleasure C．success D．challenge34．A．celebrate B．record C．attend D．organise35．A．selected B．reserved C．evaluated D．requested七、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Forcenturies,ChinesepoetshavecaughttheamazingbeautyoftheFuchunRiverinHangzhouthroughsimplebutpoeticwords.ThisJuly,poetsfromtheBRICScountries(金砖国家)followedthesamepathandengagedin36．impromptu(即兴的)poetryeventinspiredbytheriver.TheircreationswerecollectedinMessengersfromtheVernalWood,which37．(release)inGermanyonOctober18,2024.38．(edit)LiShaojunsaidpoetryisauniversallanguageexpressingsharedhumanemotions."TheBRICScountriesallhaveasplendidhistory,andthroughthiscommonlanguage,wecangreatlyimprovecommunicationandexchange,39．(connect)moreBRICSpoets,"hesaid.Talkingabouthisjourneytothepoetryfestival,BrazilianpoetThiagoMoraessaidhewasstillexcitedtovisitacountry40．(total)differentfromhisown.Tohissurprise,MoraesfoundsomesimilaritieswiththeChinesepoetfriendsintheirlovefornatureanda41．(fond)forexpressingtheirinnerworlds42．landscape.Heemphasizedthatpoetrykeepspeoplehumble,openanddiverse."Wepoetsshouldgatheroureffortstomakea43．(good)world,"headded.EthiopianpoetSeifeTemam,impressedbyTangpoetLiBai,44．(pen)aromanticline:IamachildoftheNile,45．IamdrawntotheFuchunRiver.八、第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，外教Ryan打算使用AI技术辅助英语作文批改，并向同学们征询意见。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：1.你的看法；2.你的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearRyan,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua九、第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Marywasveryhappywhenshegotherdreampart-timejobatthelocalbookshop.Itwasrightnexttoherschool,soshecouldwalkthereafterclasses.Herboss,Mr.Thompson,wasveryniceandtrustedherwithlotsofimportanttasksfromthebeginning.Oneafternoon,Mr.ThompsongaveMaryandherclassmateAlexaspecialtask.Hewantedthemtomakeaplantopromoteanewbookseriesallwrittenbyteenagers."Thisseriesisuniquebecauseitreflectsthevoicesofyoungauthors,"Mr.Thompsonexplained."I'mcountingonyoutwotocomeupwithsomethingthatwilltrulyconnectwiththeyoungreaders.You'llhavetofinalizeyourplanbeforeFridaysincetheschoolReadingFestivalisjustaroundthecorner."Marywasveryexcitedandhappytohelp.Shenoddedeagerly."Absolutely,Mr.Thompson!Ican'twaittogetstarted."Shewassothrilledthatshecouldn'tstopsmilingonherwayhome.Finally,therewasachancetoshoweveryonewhatshecoulddo.ButworkingwithAlexwasn'tgoingtobeeasy.Alexwasknownforbeingbossyandhavingstrongopinions.WhenMarymetupwithhimatthelibrarytodiscusstheirproject,sheknewitwouldbetricky."I'veworkedonsimilarprojectsbefore,andsimplebooths(展位)intheschoolcourtyardalwayswork,andwecouldhandoutflyers,"Alexsaid,withoutevenlookingatMary.Maryfrowned(皱眉头)asshethoughtaboutAlex'sidea.Sheknewthatboothsworkedwell,butshefelttheycoulddosomethingmoreexcitingtocatchtheattentionoftheirclassmates.Thenewbookseriesdeservedaspecialpromotion."Ifwejustfollowthesameoldmethods,howwillthisbookseriesstandout?"Maryargued."Whatifwehaveabookreadingsessionwithsomeauthors?Or...?"Alex,however,didn'tseeminterestedinexploringnewideas.HerolledhiseyesatMary'ssuggestionsforcreativity,arguingthattheydidn'thavethetimeorresourcestotrynewthings.Hebelievedtheusualmethodswouldworkbest.注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Despitetheirdifferentopinions,Marytriedtofindasolutionthatbothcouldagreeon.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aftertheactivity,Mr.Thompsoncalledthemintohisoffice.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，《TheWeekJunior》杂志推出圣诞早鸟特惠活动，面向8-14岁儿童，提供印刷版+数字版、纯印刷版和纯数字版三种订阅套餐，均享大幅折扣，且印刷版+数字版和纯印刷版套餐首单赠《TheWeekJunior知识大百科》一书；该杂志内容丰富、寓教于乐，能激发孩子思考、培养阅读习惯，是圣诞送孩子的理想礼物，首期杂志将于次年1月送达。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"TheWeekJuniorisamulti-award-winningcurrentaffairsmagazineforchildrenaged8-14,filledwithengagingarticles,eye-catchingphotosandbigideas."TheWeekJunior是一本针对8-14岁儿童的时事杂志，屡获殊荣，充满了引人入胜的文章，引人注目的照片和伟大的想法。可知，TheWeekJunior的特别之处是它赢得了许多奖项。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Itengagesandexcitescuriousyoungminds,expandsviewsandencourageschildrentoexploreandunderstandtheworldaroundthem."它吸引和激发好奇的年轻人的思想，扩展视野，鼓励孩子们探索和理解他们周围的世界；以及Childrenlovethemagazinebecause:部分中的"Itsparks(触发)theirthinking:Weexplainworldeventsclearlyandcarefullyandhelpchildrentothinkcriticallyanddeveloptheirownpointofview."它激发孩子们的思考：我们清晰且细致地解释世界事件，并帮助孩子们进行批判性思考，形成他们自己的观点。可知，TheWeekJunior吸引孩子的方面是它有启发性的内容。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据表格里Print部分的"FreeBigBookofKnowledge"免费的BigBookofKnowledge，可知，印刷版订阅者可以得到一本免费的书。故选B。【答案】4．B5．C6．A7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者因童年时被反复强调"不能变胖"而与食物关系紧张，因此在教育子女时谨慎避免将体重与个人价值挂钩，但女儿一句"我觉得自己太胖了"仍让她担忧自己的建议是否产生了负面效果；心理学教授夏洛特·马基指出，父母在饮食问题上"少说为妙"，建议采用"责任分工"策略——父母定时提供多样化健康食物，孩子自主决定吃多少、吃什么，即使偶尔多吃饼干也无需干涉；这种策略既能让孩子体验决策的自然后果，又能培养其自主控制感，实践表明减少限制反而能促使孩子做出更健康的选择；Markey强调，饮食教育是长期过程，提供健康食物的环境对孩子饮食习惯的养成至关重要。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"WhenIwasachildIwasoftentoldwhatnottoeat.‘Youdon'twanttogetfat'wasonconstantrepeatthroughoutmychildhood.Itreallymessedupmyrelationshipwithfood—somethingthattookmeyearstoovercome."当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知不吃什么。"你不想变胖"是我童年时不断重复的一句话。这真的破坏了我和食物的关系——我花了好多年才克服这个问题。可知，作者对自己小时候被灌输的关于食物和体重的观念持批评态度，认为这对她与食物的关系产生了负面影响，可知作者对自己小时候被喂养的方式持批评态度。故选B。5．推理判断题。根据第二段"AccordingtoCharlotteMarkey,aprofessorofpsychology,foodisoneoftheraresubjectswhere,asparents,sayinglessismore.‘Therearesomanythingsinparentingthataregoodtotalkthrough,butI'mnotconvincedthatfoodisoneofthem.'shesays.‘Itjustcreatessomeworriesandinsecuritiesinkidsthataren'tnecessarilyhealthy'."根据心理学教授CharlotteMarkey的说法，食物是为数不多的主题之一，作为父母，少说会更好。‘在养育孩子的过程中，有很多事情是值得聊一聊的，但我并不认为食物就是其中之一。'她说。‘这只会给孩子带来一些不必要的担忧和不安全感'。可知，Markey认为在饮食方面，父母应该少说，不要过多地谈论食物，以免给孩子带来不必要的担忧和不安全感，所以Markey不赞成给孩子过多解释食物相关问题，如零食的风险。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"…whereparentsprovideavarietyofmostlyhealthyfoodstotheirkidsatfixedtimes,andthekidsthemselvesdecidewhatandhowmuchtheywanttoconsume."……父母在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物，孩子自己决定想吃什么和吃多少。可知，根据"责任分配"的概念，孩子们应该自己决定吃什么和吃多少。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"I'vebeentryingoutthesestrategiesandI'vefoundthatwhenI'mlessrestrictive,theydomakebetterdecisions."我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我限制较少时，他们确实会做出更好的决定。可知，作者认为她一直遵循的策略是有效的，可行的。故选C。【答案】8．D9．B10．B11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，仙人掌为适应极端环境演化出独特的生存策略，如调整花朵位置、通过尖刺和表皮收集雾气和露水等，科学家正借鉴这些生物特性推动未来工程创新；其中，针对生长于地球最干旱非极地沙漠的Copiapoa属仙人掌，研究者发现其尖刺表面因微小沟槽结构能引导露珠逆重力移动，受此启发，斯旺西大学研究员通过金属复刻该结构，经多年实验证实其露水收集效率比平面高8%；这一发现为干旱地区提供清洁水源带来新可能，如将露水收集装置应用于屋顶或沙漠帐篷，凸显自然界的"隐藏宝藏"对人类技术发展的启示价值。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的"Weallknowcacti(仙人掌)storewater-buttosurive,theyalsoadjusttheirflowerpositionstogainmoresunlightorshade,andsomuchmore.Scientistshavebeencopyingtheresilientplants'methodstohelpengineerourfuture."我们都知道仙人掌能储存水分，但为了生存，它们还会调整花朵的位置以获得更多阳光或阴凉，诸如此类还有很多。科学家们一直在模仿这些resilient的植物的方法，以帮助设计我们的未来。可知，划线词修饰的plants指代Weallknowcacti(仙人掌)，这种植物能在干旱的沙漠中生存下来，可推断resilient的意思是"能在困难环境中生存下来的"。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Documentedbymanyscientists,Copiapoasprobablysurviveby"drinking"thesaltyfogthatsweepsinfromtheseaeverymorning,aswellasthedew—tinybitsofwater—thatformsontheirspines(尖刺)andskin.ThishasinspiredresearcherTegwenMalikfromSwanseaUniversitytothinkaboutwhetherthedew-collectingprocessmightbereproducedinmetalstructures."许多科学家记录到，Copiapoas可能通过"饮用"每天早晨从海上席卷而来的咸雾，以及在其尖刺和皮肤上形成的露水——微小的水滴——来生存。这启发了来自斯旺西大学的研究者TegwenMalik思考露水收集过程是否可以在金属结构中重现。可知，是仙人掌收集水分的机制启发了TegwenMalik去研究它。故选B。10．推理判断题。根据第五段中的"Startingin2013,shesetouttore-createthatstructurebyengineeringaflatmetalreproductionofthestemsandspinesoftheCopiapoa,whichshebegantestingunderaseriesofdifferenttemperaturesandhumidities."从2013年开始，她开始通过制作Copiapoa茎和刺的平面金属复制品来重现这种结构，并在一系列不同的温度和湿度下开始测试；以及"In2023,Malikpublishedastudyshowingthattheirregularsurfacewas8percentmoreefficientatharvestingdewthanaflatsheetusedasabaseline."2023年，Malik发表了一项研究，研究表明，这种不规则表面收集露水的效率比用作基准的平面高8%。可知，Malik关于Copiapoa的实验重点是测试它的金属复制品是否有效。故选B。11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Malikimaginesdeserthomeswithwater-collectingfeaturestoprovidecleanwaterindryregions."Malik设想沙漠中的房屋有集水功能，为干旱地区提供清洁水源。可知，Malik的金属结构可能被应用于确保干旱地区的水供应。故选A。【答案】12．A13．B14．D15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，尽管新技术日益拟人化引发了去性别化的呼声，试图以此消除传统刻板印象，但斯坦福大学教授AshleyMartin的研究发现，性别是人们与拟人化产品建立情感联结的重要方式，赋予产品性别反而能增强用户依赖感和购买意愿；然而，产品性别化可能强化过时的权力与身份观念，且完全去性别化设计难以实现，人们仍会主观赋予产品性别属性；不过，拟人化也为改变刻板印象提供了契机，例如通过设计不符合传统性别角色的产品（如男性护理机器人或女性计算机器人），可逐步削弱社会偏见。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"‘Peoplearestereotyping(形成刻板印象)theirgenderedobjectsinverytraditionalways,'saysAshleyMartin,aStanfordassociateprofessoroforganizationalbehavior.Removinggenderfromthepicturealtogetherseemslikeasimplewaytofixthis."斯坦福大学组织行为学副教授AshleyMartin说："人们以非常传统的方式对有性别的物品形成刻板印象。"完全去除物品的性别似乎是解决这个问题的简单方法。可知，人们对有性别的物品存在刻板印象，让新技术无性别化的目的是减少这种刻板印象。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Inherstudy,Martinaskedparticipantstoratetheirattachmenttomale,female,andgenderlessversionsofadigitalvoiceassistantandaselfdrivingcarknownas‘Miuu.'"在她的研究中，Martin让参与者对数字语音助手和名为‘Miuu'的自动驾驶汽车的男性、女性和无性别版本的喜爱程度进行评分。可知，参与者被要求对不同版本的产品进行评价，这类似于对调查做出回应。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据第四段"Martin'sstudyalsofoundthatcreatingagenderlessobjectwasdifficult.Forinstance,ifanobject'snamewasmeanttosoundgenderless,likeMiuu,participantswouldstillassignagendertoit—theywouldassumeMiuuwasa‘he'or‘she.'"Martin的研究还发现，创造无性别对象很困难。例如，如果一个物品的名字听起来是无性别化的，比如Miuu，参与者仍然会给它赋予一个性别——他们会认为Miuu是"他"或"她"。可知，因为性别观念根深蒂固在人们的脑海中，所以即使物品本身试图设计成无性别，人们还是会赋予其性别，这导致创造无性别对象很困难。故选D。15．段落大意题。根据最后一段中的"Martinseesasilverlining,however:Shebelievesthatanthropomorphism(拟人化)‘providesanopportunitytochangestereotypes.'"然而，Martin看到了一线希望：她认为拟人化"提供了改变刻板印象的机会"；以及后文所举的例子可知，最后一段主要讲了赋予产品性别有积极的一面，即可以通过拟人化改变刻板印象。故选B。【答案】16．D；17．B；18．C；19．G；20．F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过与祖母共同种植番茄的经历，发现园艺不仅是家族传统和兴趣爱好，更是连接亲情、传承文化的方式；尽管在独立实践过程中遭遇浇水过度、土壤管理不当及极端天气等挑战，作者通过学习书籍、参加工作坊和请教社区园艺师不断积累经验，并采取耐旱植物和防护措施应对自然变化；最终作者领悟到，园艺是一场终身学习的旅程，每一株植物都如一本待翻阅的书籍，而土壤既是植物生长的根基，也是自我成长的沃土。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇故事类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"IalwaysadmiredmygrandmotherJenny'sgardeningskills.Butitwasn'tuntilasunnyafternooninherbackyardthatIbecameinterestedingardeningmyself.Weweretheretogrowtomatoes.Shehandedmeatinyyoungtomatoplant."我一直很钦佩我祖母珍妮的园艺技术。但直到一个阳光明媚的下午，在她家后院，我才对园艺产生了兴趣。我们在那里种西红柿。她递给我一株小小的番茄苗)"以及后文"It'safamilytradition!(这是一个家族传统！提到祖母给了作者番茄苗，推测此处说明接下来祖母要分享这件事是一种传统的原因。D.Thenshesharedstoriesofherowngrandmotherdoingthesame."然后她分享了自己祖母做同样事情的故事"符合语境，故选D。17．根据空前"Overtime,thetinyse