2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟卷（上海卷）英语（含答案）

2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟卷（上海卷）英语II.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ForWangJie,a17-year-oldfromasmallvillageinYunnanProvince,theideaofstudyingaerospaceengineeringonceseemedlikeadistantdream.Oneday,whilehelpinghisfatherrepairanoldradio,hecameacrossadocumentaryaboutChina’sspacestation.Themomentthemoduledockedwiththecorecabin,hefeltarushofexcitement______(1)(course)throughhim.Fromthatdayon,hedevotedeverysparemomenttolearningphysicsandmathematics,often______(2)(stay)uplateunderadimlight.Histeachersnoticedhispassionandencouragedhimtoapplyforanationalsciencecamp.______(3)hehesitatedatfirst,fearingthecostanddistance,hismother’swordspushedhimforward:“Ifyounevertry,you’llneverknow______(4)faryoucango.”Atthecamp,hemetprofessorsandstudentsfromeliteurbanschools,someof______(5)hadbuiltsmallrocketsthemselves.Wangfeltoutofplaceinitially,butherefusedtogiveup.Bytheendofthecamp,hishomemaderocketmodel______(6)(choose)asoneofthetopthreedesigns.Now,ashepreparesforthecollegeentranceexam,heremindshimselfdaily______(7)(stay)grounded.Heknowsthatbecominganastronautrequiresnotonlyintelligence______(8)alsomentalandphysicaltoughness.Still,hebelievesthatwithdetermination,even______(9)mostimpossibledreamcantakeflight.“Theskyisnotthelimit,”heoftensays,“______(10)justthebeginning.”SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.exposingB.digitalC.consequencesD.restoringE.privacyF.ancientG.preservingH.instantlyI.scanningJ.literallyK.vanishInaquietcornerofnorthernIraq,ateamofarchaeologistsisracingagainsttime.TheIslamicStategrouponcedestroyedthousandsof______(11)artifactsintheregion,includingstatuesandtemplesdatingbackover3,000years.Now,insteadof______(12)fragilerelicstofurtherrisks,scientistsareturningto3Dscanningtechnology.By______(13)everyinchofbrokenpiecesandcombiningthemwithhistoricalphotos,theycreate______(14)modelsthatcanbestudiedandsharedworldwide.“Theseobjectsmayneverbephysicallywholeagain,buttheirmemorydoesnothaveto______(15),”saidDr.LenaHassan,aleadresearcher.Theprojectalsoraisesseriousquestionsabout______(16).Shoulddigitalmodelsbelongtothecountryoforigin,ortothemuseumsthatfundedthescan?Despitethedebates,thetechnologyhasalreadyproduced______(17)positiveresults.Inonecase,adestroyedlionstatuewas______(18)reassembledonscreenusingfragmentsfromthreedifferentcountries.Theteamhopestoeventually3D-printcopiesforlocalmuseums.“Wecannotundothepast,”Hassanadmits,“butwecanpreventthe______(19)ofneglectandwarby______(20)whatremains.”III.ReadingComprehension(共45分。21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextDirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,choosetheonewordorphrasethatbestfitstheblank.Everyyear,millionsoftonsofelectronicwaste—oldphones,laptops,andbatteries—endupinlandfills.Butagrowingmovementistryingtochangethat,notbybanninge-waste,butbyturningitintosomethingunexpectedlybeautiful:art.TheideabeganwithaBrazilianartistnamedTiago,whonoticedthattheinsideofabrokencomputermotherboardlookedlikeaminiaturecity.“Thecopperlineswerelikestreets,andthesmallchipswerelikebuildings,”hesays.Initially,hesimplywantedto______(21)theobjectshefoundbeautiful.Butsoon,hishobbybecameamission.Herealizedthate-wasteisnotjusttrash;itisa______(22)ofourtime,recordingwhatwevalueandwhatwethrowaway.Tiagostartedhostingworkshopsinlocalschools.Atfirst,studentswere______(23)abouttakingapartoldelectronics.Manyhadbeentaughtthatthesedevicesaredangerousandshouldnotbetouched.______(24),underTiago’sguidance,theylearnedtosafelyremovecomponents.Soon,theywerecreatingportraitsofhistoricalfiguresusingtinyresistorsandwires.Theproject’ssuccess______(25)notfromitsartisticoutput,butfromtheconversationsitstarted.Childrenbeganaskingwheretheiroldphonesgoaftertheyarethrownout.Parentsstartedbringinginbrokentoastersandremotecontrols.Thecommunity’sattitudetowardwaste______(26)dramatically.OneofTiago’smostpowerfulworksisalife-sizedsculptureofapolarbearmadeentirelyfromoldcellphonebatteries.Thepiece,titled“TheChargeWeForget,”______(27)viewerstoconsiderthehiddencostofconstantconnectivity.“Everytimewechargeourphones,somewhereabatterydies,”readstheplaquebesideit.Thebearstandsonamelting“iceberg”madeofdiscardedlaptopscreens,a(n)______(28)toclimatechange.Criticsarguethatturningwasteintoartdoesnotsolvethefundamentalproblemofoverconsumption.Theysayit______(29)therealissuebymakingwastelookattractive.Tiagodisagrees.“Artdoesnothavetosolveaproblemtobeuseful,”heresponds.“Itjusthastomakeyou______(30)differently.”Hisapproachhasnowbeenadoptedbyschoolsinthreecountries.Teachersreportthatstudentswhowerepreviously______(31)inscienceclassbecomeexcitedwhentheycanlearnaboutcircuitsthroughart.OnestudyfoundthatstudentswhoparticipatedinTiago’sworkshopsweretwiceaslikelyto______(32)theiroldelectronicsproperlyratherthanthrowingtheminthebin.Still,Tiagoiscarefulnottoromanticizee-waste.Heremindshisstudentsthatthebestwaytodealwithwasteisnotto______(33)it,buttoreduceitfromthestart.“Artcanhealscars,”hesays,“butitisbetternottocreatethescarsatall.”Lookingahead,Tiagohopestobuildamuseumentirelyfrome-waste.“Imaginewalkingthroughahallwaymadeofoldkeyboards,”hesays,smiling.“Itwouldbeamonumenttoourmistakes,butalsotoour______(34)tochange.”Fornow,hecontinueshisworkshops,onecircuitboardatatime,provingthateventhemostoverlookedobjectscanbe______(35)asecondstory.21. A.repair B.preserveC.hide D.imitate22. A.witness B.victim C.product D.symbol23. A.curious B.nervous C.excited D.certain24. A.However B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Meanwhile25. A.recovered B.differed C.came D.suffered26. A.formed B.shifted C.remained D.worsened27. A.forces B.allows C.helps D.orders28. A.addition B.response C.key D.reference29. A.raises B.addresses C.masks D.repeats30. A.feel B.see C.act D.learn31. A.weak B.advanced C.confident D.lost32. A.break B.collect C.recycle D.store33. A.create B.beautify C.export D.burn34. A.attempt B.capacity C.right D.schedule35. A.denied B.given C.promised D.soldSectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)IntheheartofthePeruvianAmazon,ateamofbiologistshasmadeadiscoverythatchallengeslong-heldassumptionsaboutanimalintelligence.Theteam,ledbyDr.ElenaVasquez,spent18monthsobservingwildspidermonkeys.Totheirsurprise,theydocumentedmonkeysintentionallybreakingdrybranchesanddroppingthemontoresearcherswhoapproachedtheirterritory.“Thisisnotaccidental,”Dr.Vasquezexplains.“Theyselectbranchesthatarejustheavyenoughtobeannoyingbutnotharmful.Theywaituntilhumansaredirectlyunderneath.”Thebehavior,whichtheteamcalls“targeteddropping,”suggeststhemonkeysunderstandcauseandeffectandmayevenhaveatheoryofmind—theabilitytoattributementalstatestoothers.Untilnow,thiscapacitywasbelievedtoexistonlyinhumans,greatapes,andperhapsdolphins.Furtheranalysisrevealedvariabilityamonggroups.Monkeysinareaswithhighhumantrafficweremoreaccurateintheirdrops.Thoseinremoteregionsrarelydroppedobjectsbut,whentheydid,seemedlessstrategic.“They’relearning,”saysDr.Vasquez.“Theyobservethathumansrespondtodrops,andtheyrefinetheirtechnique.”Criticsarguethatthebehaviorcouldbeexplainedbysimplermechanisms,suchastrialanderror.ButDr.Vasquez’steampointstoakeydetail:themonkeysneverdropbranchesonotheranimals,suchasjaguarsorcompetingmonkeygroups.Thisselectivity,theyargue,indicatesdeliberatecommunicationaimedspecificallyathumans.Thefindingshaveimplicationsbeyondprimatology.Ifaspeciesseparatedfromhumansby40millionyearsofevolutioncanexhibitsuchbehavior,itsuggeststhatcertaincognitiveabilitiesmaybemorewidespreadthanpreviouslythought.“Wehaveunderestimatedourdistantcousins,”Dr.Vasquezconcludes.“Thequestionisnotwhichanimalsthink,buthowwefailedtoseeitforsolong.”36.Whatdidthespidermonkeysdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyattackedresearcherswithharmfulobjects.B.Theydroppedbranchesintentionallyonhumans.C.Theyusedtoolstoobtainfoodfromresearchers.D.Theycommunicatedwarningstoothermonkeygroups.37.WhydoesDr.Vasquezbelievethebehaviorisintentional?A.Monkeysonlydropbranchesonresearchers.B.Monkeyshavebeenobservedusingtoolsbefore.C.Thebranchesdroppedarealwaysveryheavy.D.Thebehavioriscommonacrossallmonkeyspecies.38.Theword“refine”(paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto______.A.repeatB.improveC.abandonD.copy39.Whatdoesthediscoverysuggestaboutanimalintelligence?A.Onlygreatapeshaveatheoryofmind.B.Cognitiveabilitiesmaybemorecommonthanbelieved.C.Spidermonkeysaresmarterthandolphins.D.Intelligenceonlydevelopsinspecieswithlargebrains.(B)DeepbeneaththestreetsofOslo,Norway,liesafacilitythatmostlocalsdonotevenknowexists.TheArcticWorldArchive(AWA)isnotalibraryofbooks,butalibraryofdata.HousedinanabandonedcoalmineontheislandofSpitsbergen,theAWAstoresthedigitalmemoryoftheworldonspecializedfilmreelsdesignedtolastforover1,000years.Unlikecloudstorage,whichrequiresconstantenergyandmaintenance,theAWAusesnoelectricity.Itstemperatureisnaturallykeptbelowfreezing,idealforpreservingtheanalogfilm.“Ifcivilizationcollapses,thislibrarywillstillbereadable,”explainsKatrineLoen,aprojectmanager.“Youjustneedamagnifyingglassandlight.”ThearchivecurrentlyholdsnationaltreasuresfromBrazil,Mexico,andNorway,includingconstitutions,musicalmasterpieces,andeventhecodeforthevideogameMinecraft.Butprivacyconcernshavearisen.Somecountrieshaverefusedtodepositcertaindocuments,fearingtheycouldbeaccessedbyfuturegenerationsorrivalnations.Despitetheseconcerns,theAWAcontinuestoexpand.ItslatestadditionisacollectionofindigenouslanguagesfromCanada,recordedbyelderswhoarethelastfluentspeakers.“Whenalanguagedies,”Loensays,“awayofseeingtheworlddieswithit.Wearegivingthesevoicesachancetobeheardinthedistantfuture.”Criticsarguethatpreservingdatafor1,000yearsispointlessiffuturesocietiescannotunderstandthecontext.Aconstitutionwithoutknowledgeofthesocietythatwroteitisjustinkonfilm.Loenacknowledgesthislimitationbutremainsoptimistic.“Wearenotsolvingeveryproblem.Wearebuyingtime.Thatisallanylibrarycando.”40.WhatmakestheArcticWorldArchivedifferentfromcloudstorage?A.Itstoresmoredata.B.Itrequiresnopower.C.Itisopentothepublic.D.Itusesdigitaltechnology.41.Whyaresomecountriesreluctanttodepositcertaindocuments?A.Thedocumentsaretooold.B.Thearchiveistoocold.C.Theyworryaboutfutureaccess.D.Theycannotaffordthefees.42.Whatisthemainpurposeofincludingindigenouslanguagerecordings?A.Tosupportthevideogameindustry.B.Toprovideentertainmentforminers.C.Topreserveculturalknowledgeforthefuture.D.Tocompetewithothernationalarchives.(C)Fordecades,thestandardadviceforimprovingconcentrationhasbeentoeliminatedistractions:turnoffnotifications,closethedoor,workinsilence.Butasmallbutgrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatthisapproachmaybeincomplete.Accordingtoa2024studyfromtheUniversityofMelbourne,theoptimalenvironmentforcreativeproblem-solvingincludesaspecifictypeofbackgroundnoise:theindistinctchatterofacoffeeshop.Thestudy,whichinvolved200participantscompletingstandardizedcreativitytests,foundthatthoseworkingwithambientcafénoiseataround70decibels(aboutthevolumeofavacuumcleanerfrom10feet)outperformedboththoseinsilenceandthoselisteningtoloudmusic.“Silenceisgreatforfocused,routinetasks,”explainsleadauthorDr.MarcusChen.“Butcreativityrequiresacertainlevelofdistraction.Backgroundnoiseinterruptsyourhabitualthinkingpatternsjustenoughtoforceyourbrainintomoreflexiblemodesofprocessing.”Crucially,notallnoiseworks.Theresearchdistinguishedbetween“steady-state”noise(likeafanorairconditioner),whichhaslittleeffect,and“intermittent”noise(likeconversation),whichcanboostcreativity—butonlywhentheconversationisunintelligible.Hearingwordsyouunderstand,thestudyfound,reducesperformancebyconsumingvaluableattention.Thefindingshavepracticalimplicationsforworkplacedesign.Open-planoffices,oftencriticizedforreducingproductivity,mayactuallysupportcreativecollaborationifdesignedwithvariablenoisezones.“Weneedspacesthatarenotcompletelyquietandnotcompletelyloud,”Dr.Chensays.“Thesweetspotisinbetween.”However,thestudyhaslimitations.Allparticipantswereyoungadults,andtaskswerelimitedtodivergentthinking(generatingmultiplesolutions)ratherthanconvergentthinking(findingasinglecorrectanswer).Whetherthecoffeeshopeffectappliestoengineering,mathematics,orlegalanalysisremainsunknown.43.Accordingtothepassage,whattypeofbackgroundnoisebestsupportscreativethinking?A.Completesilence.B.Loudrockmusic.C.Unclearconversation.D.Aconstantfansound.44.Whydoesbackgroundnoisepotentiallyhelpcreativethinking?A.Itincreasesbrainactivitylevelsacrossallregions.B.Itpreventsthebrainfromfallingintofixedpatterns.C.Itmakespeoplefeelmorerelaxedandlessstressed.D.Itblocksoutallotherexternaldistractionscompletely.45.Whatdoesthestudysuggestaboutopen-planoffices?A.Theyshouldbecompletelyreplacedbyprivateoffices.B.Theymaybenefitfromareaswithdifferentnoiselevels.C.Theyarealwaysworsethansilentlibrariesforwork.D.Theyonlyworkforroutine,focusedtasks.46.Whatisalimitationofthestudymentionedinthepassage?A.Thesamplesizewastoosmalltobereliable.B.Thenoiselevelsusedweredangerousforhearing.C.Thefindingsmaynotapplytoalltypesofthinking.D.Theparticipantswerenottoldthetruepurpose.SectionCDirections:CompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesintheboxEachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.A.Thephenomenonhasbecomesowidespreadthatsocialscientistshavegivenitaname:lifestylemigration.B.Theseindividualsoftenreporthigherlevelsoflifesatisfactiondespitehavinglessmaterialwealth.C.Nevertheless,manyothersfindthattheslowerpaceoflifecomeswithitsownchallenges.D.Thetrendshowsnosignsofslowing,despiteeconomicuncertainties.E.Thismovementrepresentsafundamentalshiftinhowpeopledefineagoodlife.F.Technologyhasmadethistransitionpossiblebyallowingremoteworkfromanywhere.FollowingtheCOVID-19pandemic,millionsofworkersworldwidereconsideredtheirrelationshipwithwork.Whatbeganas"TheGreatResignation"—arecordnumberofpeoplequittingtheirjobsin2021and2022—hasevolvedintosomethingmorelasting:afundamentalrethinkingofwork-lifepriorities.Amongthemostnotablechangeshasbeenthemigrationofworkersawayfromexpensivecoastalcitiestowardsmallercommunitieswithlowercostsofliving.(47)__________Thesearenotretireesseekingleisurebutworkingprofessionalstradingcorporatecareersformoremeaningfulemployment.Themotivationsdrivingthismovementareremarkablyconsistentacrossdifferentprofessionsandagegroups.Interviewswithmigrantsrevealcommonthemes:desireformoretimewithfamily,reducedcommutingstress,greaterconnectiontonature,andescapefromthecompetitivecultureofmajormetropolitanareas.(48)__________Theydescribeworkingfewerhours,spendingmoretimeoutdoors,anddevelopingdeeperrelationshipswithneighbors.Criticsarguethatthismigrationisaluxuryavailableonlytoprivilegedknowledgeworkers—thosewithportableskillsandsufficientsavings.(49)__________Ruralareassometimeslacktheinfrastructureandservicesthaturbanresidentstakeforgranted.Limitedhealthcareaccess,fewereducationaloptionsforchildren,andreducedculturalactivitiescantesteventhemostcommittedmigrants'resolve.Despitethesechallenges,themovementappearspermanentratherthanapandemic-eraanomaly.Remotework,onceconsideredatemporaryaccommodation,hasbecomestandardpracticeinmanyindustries.Companiesthatforcedemployeesbacktoofficesfull-timehavestruggledwithretentionasworkerssimplyfoundmoreflexibleemployers.(50)__________Asonemigrantputit,"Iusedtolivetowork.NowIworktolive."IV.SummaryWriting51．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhyWeForgetMostofOurDreamsEverymorning,millionsofpeoplewakeupwithavaguesensethattheyhavejustexperiencedsomethingmeaningful—adream—onlytowatchitslipawaywithinminutes.Thisphenomenon,knownasdreamamnesia,affectsapproximately95%ofalldreams.Butwhydoesthebrainsoefficientlyeraseitsownnightlyproductions?Neuroscientistshaveidentifiedtwoprimarymechanisms.First,duringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep,whenmostvividdreamingoccurs,thebrainproduceslowlevelsofnorepinephrine,achemicalcriticalformemoryformation.Withoutthischemical,thebrainliterallycannot“save”dreamexperiencestolong-termmemory.Second,thebrainprioritizeswakingmemoriesoverdreammemories.Whenyouwakeup,sensoryinformationfromtherealworldimmediatelyfloodsthebrain,overwritingthefragiletracesofdreams.Evolutionarypsychologistsofferacomplementaryexplanation.Forourancestors,rememberingrealdangers—apredator’slocation,afoodsource—hadsurvivalvalue.Rememberingdreams,whichareoftenillogicalandemotionallyintense,mighthaveinterferedwithdistinguishingrealityfromimagination.Forgettingdreams,inthisview,isnotaflawbutafeaturethathelpsmaintainmentalstability.However,dreamamnesiaisnotinevitable.PeoplewhowakeupduringorimmediatelyafteraREMcycle,ratherthanattheendofafullsleepcycle,aremorelikelytorecalldreams.Thisiswhydreamrecallcanbeimprovedbythesimplepracticeoflyingstillwitheyescloseduponwaking,allowingdreamtracestobetransferredtowakingmemorybeforetheyfade.Whileafewindividualsclaimtoremembereverydream,mostofuswillcontinuetolosethevastmajority.Perhaps,asoneresearcherputit,“Aforgottendreamisnotalostdream.Ithasalreadydoneitswork—regulatingemotions,consolidatingmemories,orsimplyentertainingthesleepingmind.”________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________V.Translation(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)52.这本新出版的传记真实描绘了这位科学家的奋斗历程。(portray)________________________________________________________________________________________53.尽管天气恶劣，救援队还是设法在午夜前到达了灾区。(despite)________________________________________________________________________________________54.这座古老的石桥历经八百年风雨依然屹立不倒，令游客惊叹不已。(amaze)________________________________________________________________________________________55.你越早意识到失败是成功的一部分，就越能从挫折中快速恢复。(Theearlier...)________________________________________________________________________________________VI.GuidedWriting(共25分)56．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.学校英语报正在举办主题为“TheSkillIWouldMostLiketoLearn”的征文活动。请你写一篇征文稿，内容包括：1.你最想学习的一项技能是什么；2.你为什么想学习这项技能（至少两个理由）；3.你打算如何开始学习这项技能。注：文中不得出现考生姓名、学校等真实个人信息。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________