大学英语四级模拟试卷271

大学英语四级模拟试卷271

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionabout

advertisements.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.人们对于广告的不同看法2.在你看来当今广告业存在哪些问题3.应该如何去解

决这些问题

标准答案：OnAdvertisementsPeopleholddifferentattitudestowardsadvertisements.

Somethinkthatadvertisementsgiveup-to-dateinformationaboutproducts.Ontheother

hand,therearestillsomeotherpeoplewhobelievethatadvertisementsdonotgiveusany

usefulinformationbuttrytopersuadeustobuythethingswithoutwhichwecanstilllive

happily.Therearcevenalargeproportionofpeoplewhohateadvertisements,especially

TVadvertisementsbecauseTVadvertisementsofteninterruptthewonderfulprograms

theyareenjoying.AsfarasIamconcerned,Ithinkalthoughadvertisementsenableusto

makedecisionsquickly,sometimestheycauselotsoftroubles.Forexample,some

advertisersusefalseadvertisementstocheatcustomers,inwhichcase,customerswill

sufferagreatdealandevenlosetheirlives.Sometimes,theproductsadvertisedare

actuallynotsogoodastheadvertisementsclaimtobe.Moreover,someadvertisements

arevulgarinbothpicturesandwords,andthereforehavenegativeimpactsonyoung

people.Therearestillsomeotheradvertisementswhichmisleadpeoplebecausetheydo

notportraytherealitybutgiveusunrealisticexpectations.Ifsnecessaryfbrthe

governmenttomakealawonadvertisingtosetthestandardforadvertisementstoget

released.Somesupervisoryinstitutionsshouldalsobeestablishedtosuperviseadvertisers

incasetheygivefalseadvertisementstotrapcustomers.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10

分。)

AIDSAcquiredImmunodeficiencySyndrome(AIDS),isakindofhumanviraldisease

(病毒病)thatdamagestheimmunesystem,weakeningthebody'sabilitytodefenditself

frominfectionanddisease.Causedbythehumanimmunodeficiencyvirus(HIV),AIDS

leavesaninfectedpersonvulnerabletoopportunisticinfections.Suchinfectionsare

harmlessinhealthypeople,butinthosewhoseimmunesystemshavebeengreatly

weakened,theycanprovefatal.AlthoughthereisnocurefbrAIDS,newdrugsare

availablethatcanlengthenthelifespansandimprovethequalityoflifeofinfected

people.InfectionwithHIVdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatapersonhasAIDS.Some

peoplewhohaveHIVinfectionmaynotdevelopanyoftheclinicalillnessesthatdefine

thediseaseofAIDSfortenyearsormore.PhysiciansprefertousethetermAIDSfor

caseswhereapersonhasreachedthefinal,lifethreateningstageofHIVinfection.AIDS

wasfirstidentifiedin1981amonghomosexual（［司性恋）menanddrugusersinNew

YorkandCalifornia.ShortlyafteritsdetectionintheUnitedStates,evidenceofAIDS

epidemics（流行）grewamongheterosexual（异性恋）men,women,andchildrenin

Africa.AIDSquicklydevelopedintoaworldwideepidemic,affectingvirtuallyevery

nation.By2002anestimated38.6millionadultsand3.2millionchildrenworldwide

werelivingwithHIVinfectionorAIDS.TheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）,a

specializedagencyoftheUnitedNations（UN）,estimatesthatfrom1981totheendof

2002about20millionpeoplediedasaresultofAIDS.About4.5millionofthosewho

diedwerechildrenundertheageof15.NorthAmericaIntheUnitedStatesabout40,000

newHIVinfectionsoccureachyear.Morethan30percentoftheseinfectiousoccurin

women,and60percentoccurinethnicminorities.In2001merethan800,000U.S.

residentswereinfectedwithHIV,andmorethan300,000peoplewerelivingwithfull­

blown（全面的）AIDS.InCanadaabout4,200newHIVinfectiousoccureachyear.

Nearly25percentoftheseinfectionsoccurinwomen.In2002about55,000Canadians

werelivingwithHIVinfectionandabout18,000peoplewerelivingwithfull-blown

AIDS.TheincidenceofnewcasesofHWinfectionsandAIDSdeathshassignificantly

decreasedinCanadaandtheUnitedStatessince1995.Thisdecreaseisattributedto【he

availabilityofnewdrugtreatmentsandpublichealthprogramsthattargetpeoplemostat

riskforinfection.ButwhiletheoverallrateofHIVinfectionseemstobeonadownturn

（低迷时期）,certainpopulationsappeartobeatgreaterriskforthedisease.IntheUnited

Statesin1987,Caucasians（白种人）accountedfor60percentofAIDScasesandblacks

andHispanicsonly39percent.Butby2000thetrendhadreversed:26percentofnew

easeswerediagnosedinCaucasiansand73percentinblacksandHispanics.Likewisethe

numberoffemaleAIDSpatientsintheUnitedStateshasincreasedsignificantlyinrecent

years,from7percentofallAIDScasesin1985to30percentin2000.IntheUnited

States,AfricanAmericanandHispanicwomenaccountedfor82percentofAIDScases

amongwomenin2000.EuropeInwesternEuropethefirstcasesofAIDSweredetected

intheearly1980s,andbythelate1990s,atleast30,000newHIVinfectionsoccurred

eachyear.In2002about570,000westernEuropeanswereHIVpositive,and25percent

ofthesecaseswerewomen.Beforethedissolution（解散）oftheUnionofSoviet

SocialistRepublics（US.SR）in1991,easternEuropereportedfewHIVcases.Butsince

1995,HIVinfectionhasspreadrapidlyincitiesofseveraleasternEuropeancountries.

TheWHOestimatesthatthetotalnumberofHIVinfectionsinthisregionmayhaverisen

fromlessthan30,000in1995toabout1millionin2002.DevelopingNationsWhile

easesofAIDShavebeenreportedineverynationoftheworld,thediseaseaffectssome

countriesmorethanothers.Morethan95percentofallHIV-infcctcdpeopleliveinthe

developingworld.Intheseareas,thediseasehasinfectedthepopulationsofyoungmen

andwomenwhoformthefoundationofthelaborforce.Mostdiewhileinthepeakof

theirreproductiveyears.Moreover,theepidemichasoverwhelmedhealth-caresystems,

increasedthenumberoforphans,andcausedlifeexpectancyratestofall.Theseproblems

havereachedcrisisproportionsinsomepartsoftheworldalreadyburdenedbywar,

politicaldisorder,orcreelpoverty.Nowhereisthisbetterdemonstratedthaninsub-

SaharanAfrica,wherethenumberofAIDScasesfarexceedsthatofallothergeographic

regions.Oftheestimated14,000HIVinfectionsthatoccureachdayworldwide,about

halfoftheseinfectionsoccurinsub-SaharanAfrica.About70percentofallpeople

infectedwithHIVliveinthisregion.Insomecountriesinthesouthernpartofthe

continent,includingBotswana,Lesotho,Swaziland,andZimbabwe,marcthan30percent

ofthepopulationhasHWinfectionorAIDS.InAsiaandthePacificIslandsanestimated

7.2millionpeoplewerelivingwithHIVinfectionby2002.Healthofficialsfearthatas

thevirusspreadsthroughChinaandIndia,theworld'stwomostpopulouscountries,cases

ofHIVinfectioninthisregionmaysurgeupto25millioncasesbytheyear2010,

dwarfing(相形之下使矮小)theproblemsseeninsub-SaharanAfrica.In2002the

ChinesegovernmentreportedthatChinahadabout1millionHIV-positivepeopleina

populationofmorethan1billion.However,publichealthexpertsareconcernedbythe

fast-risingnumberofnewinfectionsamongdruguserswhoshareinfectedneedles.The

incidenceofHIVinfectionwilllikelybeworsenedbythegrowingsexindustryinChina.

InruralareasofChinatheincidenceofHIVinfectionisrisingbecausemanypoverty-

strickenpeopleregularlyselltheirblood.Thepeoplewhobuythebloodusereusingdirty

needles,whichcanspreadHIVinfection.

2、BecausethediseaseofAIDSdamagestheimmunesystemofaperson,thepersonhas

lessabilitytodefendhimselffrominfectionanddisease.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文中第一段开头给出了艾滋病的定义“AcquiredImmunodeficiency

Syndrome(AIDS),isakindofhumanviraldiseasethatdamagestheimmunesystem,

weakeningthebody'sabilitytodefenditselffrominfectionanddisease.”艾;兹病是人

类病毒•疾病，它破坏免疫系统，削弱人体抵御感染与疾病的能力。与本句话的意思

相符。

3、Opportunisticinfectionsareharmfultoallthepeople.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文中第一段提到“Suchinfectionsareharmlessinhealthypeople,butin

thosewhoseimmunesystemshavebeengreatlyweakened,theycanprovefatal.“因

此，机遇性感染对健康人是无大害的。可以推断出这一说法与文章内容不符。

4、OnlybycuringAIDScanpeoplelengthentheirlifespansandimprovethequalityof

life.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第一段提到，"thereisnocureforAIDS”,艾滋病是无药可救

的。题中这一说法明显与文章内容不符。

5、Onlywhenapersonhasreachedthefinal,life-threateningstageofHIVinfection,we

usethetermAIDS.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第二段提至『'InfectionwithHIVdocsnotnecessarilymeanthata

personhasAIDS.PhysiciansprefertousethetermAIDSforcaseswhereapersonhas

reachedthefinal,life-threateningstageofHIVinfection.,5HIV病毒感染到了危及生

命的阶段才被称为艾滋病。可见本题说法与文章内容完全相符。

6^AIDSwasfirstidentifiedin1981amonghomosexualmenanddrugusersinwestern

Europe.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析:文章第三段说到，"AIDSwasfirstidentifiedin1981amonghomosexual

menanddrugusersinNewYorkandCalifornia.”艾滋病首先是在纽约和加州被发

现，而不是西欧。

7、ThedecreaseofnewcasesofHIVinfectionsandAIDSdeathsinCanadaandthe

UnitedStatessince1995isnotonlyattributedtotheavailabilityofnewdrugtreatments

andpublichealthprogramsbutalsothelawtobansexindustry.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第五段只提到"Thisdecreaseisattributedtotheavailabilityofnew

drugtreatmentsandpublichealthurogramsthattargetpeoplemostatriskfor

infection.”全文井未提到美国对于•性行业的态度。

8、CaucasiansandHispanicwomenaccountedfor82percentofAIDScasesamong

womenin2000.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文中第五段末尾提到“IntheUnitedStates,AfricanAmericanand

Hispanicwomenaccountedfbr82percentofAIDScasesamongwomenin2000.”因止匕

是AfricanAmerican而不是Caucasianso

9、ThenumberofAIDScasesin,farexceedsthatofallothergeographic

regions.

标准答案：sub-SaharanAfrica

知识点解析：文中倒数第三段提到“Nowhereisthisbetterdemonstratedthaninsub-

SaharanAfrica,wherethenumberofAIDScasesfarexceedsthatofallother

geographicregions.”

10、TheincidenceofHIVinfectionwilllikelybeworsenedbyinChina.

标准答案：thegrowingsexindustry

知识点解析：文章最后一段提到“TheincidenceofHIVinfectionwilllikelybe

worsenedbythegrowingsexindustryinChina。"

11、InruralareasofChinatheincidenceofHIVinfectionisrisingbecausepoorpeople

regularly.

标准答案：selltheirblood

知识点解析：文中最后一段说"InruralareasofChinatheincidenceofHIVinfectionis

risingbecausemanypoverty-strickenpeopleregularlyselltheirblood.”

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题分，共8分。）

12、

ANHedocsn^mindthetraffic.

B、Hetakesthebustoschool.

C>Hehastostandonthebusifhetakesittoschool.

D、Hewantstoridetoschoolwiththewoman.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A、Sheisnotinterestedintheman.

Shedoesnotlikelectures.

C>Shewouldgooutwiththemanonanotheroccasion.

D、Shewouldratherstayathome.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

Somethingcold..

B、Coffee.

C、Tea.

D^Bothcoffeeandtea.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Gototheshoppingcenteroncampus.

B、Walktoshoppingcenter.

C、Takeataxi.

D、Waitforthebus.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A、Stopworrying.

B、Gooutmore.

C^Talktoafriend.

D、Getcounseling.

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A、Hepreferstotalkanothertime.

B、Hewantsthewomantogoaway.

C^Hewouldlikethewomantocontinue.

D、Hedoesn'tknowwhattothink.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A、Acceptthewoman'sapology.

B、Allowthewomantogoaheadofhim.

C^Apologizetothewoman.

D、Gotothefrontoftheline.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Thewomanshouldgetanotherjob.

B、Hewon'thavetowaitmuchlonger.

C、Thewomanwasmistaken.

D、Hewaswaitinginthewrongplace.

标准答案：C」「

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共9题，每题7.0

分,共9分。）

20、

A^Theyareenrolledineducationprograms.

Theyaregoingtocinema.

C^Theyaregoingtoparties.

D^Theyaregoingtogambling.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Becauserepaircostshaveincreased,

B、Becausetheylikethecourses,

C、Becausetheylikeplumbing.

D、Becausethecoursescostless.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：哲无解析

22、

A、Computersandbusinesscourses.

B、Coursestoearndegrees.

C、Repairingcourse.

D、Cookingcourse.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

23、

A、Taxes.

B、Schools.

C^Students.

D、Students'parents.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

A、TheprincipleofeducationinUS.

B、SchoolsintheUnitedStates.

C、Childrenareaskedtogotoschoolatacertainage.

D、ElementaryeducationintheUnitedStates.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A、States.

B、Thefederalgovernment.

C^Localcommunities.

D^Studentsthemselves.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、

A、Cold.

B、Veryhot.

C、Cooler.

D、Drier.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

27、

A^Florida.

B、California.

C、NewYork.

D、Indiana.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A、Everytenminutes.

B、Everyhalfhour,

C^Attwentytoone.

D、Onceaday.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

29、

A、DeanWilliams.

B、ProfessorBrown.

C、Anassistantdean.

D、Astudent.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A、Togetmedicaltreatment.

B、Totakeafinalexam.

C、Tofindouttheexamschedule.

D、Togetanextensionfbrapaper.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A、Thatsameday.

B、Thenextday.

C、Intwodays.

D^Infourdays.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、Hisparents.

B、Adoctor.

C>ProfessorBrown.

D、DeanWilliams.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A、Seven.

Eight.

C、Nine.

D、Ten.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Thedriversmustgoatmorethanthirtymilesanhour.

B>Theearsshouldgoalexactlythirtymilesanhour.

C>Thedriversmustgothirtyminutes.

D^Thecarsmustnotgoatmorethanthirtymilesanhour.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、

A、Thedriversmustdriveslowlyandcarefully.

B、Thedriversmaydrivefast.

C、Itisaspeedlimit.

D、Ilmeansthereisabendontheroad.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A^Itstandsforpoliteness.

B、Itmeanspersonalizing.

C、Itisforpie*sure.

D、Itmeansparking.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

Newsagencyisalsocallednewsservice[Bl],whichcollects,writes,and

distributesnewsfromaroundanationortheworldtonewspapers,periodicals,radiosand

televisionbroad,casters,andotherusers.Itdoesn't[B2]newsitselfbutsupplies

newstoitssubscribers,who,bysharingcosts,obtainservicestheycouldnototherwise

[B3].Allthemassmediadependupontheagenciesforthebulkofthenews,

evenincludingthosefewthathave[B4]newsresourcesoftheirown.Thenews

agencyhasavarietyofforms.Insomelargecities,massmediahavejoinedforcestoget

[B5]coverageofnews.Nationalagencieshaveextendedtheareaby[B6]

anddistributingstock-marketquotations,sportsresults,andelectionreports.A

fewagencieshaveextendedtheirservicetoincludenews[B7],special

columns,newsphotographs,audiotaperecordings,etc..Manyagenciesarc[B8]

.andthetrendhasbeeninthatdireclionsinceWorldWarII.[B9].In

majornewscentersthenationalandworldwideagencieshavetheirownreportersto

coverimportantevents,andtheymaintainofficestofacilitatedistributionoftheirservice.

[BIO].Mostofthempurchasethenewsservicesofnationalorlocalagencies

tosupplementnewscollectedbytheirownstaffrepresentativesatkeypoints.Actually,

theabilityofnewsagencytotransmitnewsrapidlyincreasedduringthe20thcentury.

[B1I].

37、[Bl]

标准答案：organization

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案:publish

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：afford

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：extensive

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：routine

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：gathering

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：interpretation

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：cooperative

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：Underthisformoforganization,individualmembersprovidenewsfrom

theirownareastoanagencyfbxgeneraluse

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：Theworldagencieshaveestablishedavarietyofrelationshipswithother

agenciesandwithindividualnewsmedia

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[BI1]

标准答案：Bythe21stcentury,mostnewsagencieshadmovedmostcltheiroperations

andtransmissiontocomputers

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、阅读(选词填空)(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。)

IntheUnitedStates,campaigns[SI]everyelectionandoftenbeginmany

monthsorevenyearsbeforetheelection.Tolaunchandoperateasuccessfulcampaign,

candidatesfirstorganizeanetworkof[S2]campaignworkers,bothvolunteer

andprofessional.Theyalsoestablishafired-raisingapparatustofinanceorganizational,

travel,polling,andadvertisingexpanses.Hiredconsultantsamassvotingandpollingdata

that[S3]candidatestoassessinspecifictermsthe[S4]rsneeds,

hopes,fears,andpastbehavior.Finally,campaignsdevelopmediaandadvertising

strategiesforcommunicatingtheimageandmessageofthecandidate.Hiredcampaign

consultantstypicallydirectmodempoliticalcampaignsandthey[S5]in

polities,althoughsomealsocomefromthe[S6]ofcorporateadvertisingand

publicrelations.Campaignconsultantsconductpublicopinionpolls,producetelevision

commercials,andadvertisingmessagesthecandidatewillusetogain[S7].As

inanywell-formulatedadvertisingcampaign,politicalcandidatesusethe[S8]

toincreasetheirexposuretothepublic.Themostcommonlyusedbroadcast

techniqueisthetelevisionspotadvertisement.Spotads,whichmaylastfrom15to60

seconds,emphasizeissuesandpersonal[S9]thatappearimportantinthepoll

data.Theseadsattempttoestablishcandidatenameidentification,createafavorable

imageofthecandidateanda[SIO]imageoftheopponent.A)specializeB)

broadensC)mediaD)negativeE)enableF)supportG)enormousH)electorateI)

positiveJ)ranksK)committedL)teamM)hobbiesN)precedeO)qualities

48、[SI]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：此处需要一个动词做谓语，“在美国，竞选活动通常先于正式选举，

有的在竞选前几个月，其至竞选前几年就开始了。”备选的四个动词中，specialize

专攻；broadens扩大,力口；enable使...能够，所以选precede在....之前。

49、[S2]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：此处从结沟上看需要一个形容词来修饰名词。再看候选词，negative

否定的；positive肯定的,都不符合题意。enormous巨大的;committed效忠的,相

比之下，committed更符合题意。“想要启动运作成功的竞选活动，候选人首先需要

组织一种网络似的，忠实的工作队伍，包括自愿的和专业的。“

50、[S3]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：此处需要一个动词引导不定式，specialize后加in表示专攻，不合题

意，enablesb.todosth.使某人有做某事的能力。文中说”受聘的顾问会收集投票

和民意调查的数据，使候选人能够估计判断选民的需求，希望，恐惧，以及他们已

反映出的言行。”

51、[S4]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：此处是所属格形式需要一个名词，media媒体；support支持；

electorate选民；ranks阶级；team团体；hobby爱好；qualities品质，因后面的's

needs,hopes,fears,andpastbehavior得知应该是electorate。文中说“受聘的顾问

会收集投票和民意调查的数据，使候选人、能够估计判断选民的需求，希望，恐

惧，以及他们已反映出的言行。’’

52、[S5]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此处需要一个动词做谓语。后面出现了in,所以选择了specialize。

文中说“受聘的顾问代表性地指挥现代政治竞选活动，他们中的大部分从事政治专

业，也有来自于社团的广告部或公共关系部这种阶层的人士.”

53、[S6]

标准答案：J

知识点露析：此处需要一个名词构成所属格形式。本句话讲的是“来自于社团的广

告部或公共关系部”，所以指人或头衔。team团队，应用复数形式，不如ranks阶

层，更恰当。

54、[S7]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：此处需要一个名词做宾语。动作的发出者是候选人，他们想得到的一

定是支持，所以用support。文中说“竞选顾问引导选民作民意调查，制作电视宣传

广告，传播候选人的信息，使候选人得到支持”。

55、[S8]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此处需要一个名词做宾语，在剩下的四个词中media,team,

hobbies,qualities,只有media才能使这句话有意义。这句话的意思是“在所有形式

化的广告竞选中，政党的候选人利用媒体增加自己的曝光度。”

56、[S9]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：此处需要一个名词用在形容词之后。在剩下的三个词中hobbies,

qualities都可使用，但后者更符合题意。”竞选广告一般15-60秒，重点强调候选人

的政治论点和个人品质，在民意调查中非常重要

57、[S10]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处需要一个形容词修饰名词。在剩下的三个词中negative,positive

都可用，根据上下文，竞选广告意在给候选人树立起受欢迎的形象，同时否定对手

的形象。所以用前者。

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligions

associations.TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,king

oftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,becamefirstanationalevent

andthen,aftertherolesagainstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.No

oneknowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficialrecordsdate

from776B.C..ThegamestookplaceinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.Many

thousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartsofGreece,（butnomarriedwomanwas

admittedevenasaspectator）.Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowed

tocompete.Theexactsequenceofeventsisuncertain,buteventsincludedboy's

gymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracingandfieldevents,thoughtherewerefewer

sportsinvolvedthaninthemodemOlympicGames.OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthe

winnerswerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.So

greatwasthehonorthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhis

victory.AlthoughOlympicwinnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,richly

rewardedbytheirstateauthorities.AfteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmostI200years,

theGamesweresuspendedbytheRomansin394A.D..Theycontinuedfbrsuchalong

timebecausepeoplebelievedinthephilosophybehindtheOlympics;theideathata

healthybodyproducedahealthymind,andthatthespiritofcompetitioninsportsand

gameswaspreferabletothecompetitionthatcausedwars.Itwasover1500yearsbefore

anothersuchinternationalathleticgatheringtookplaceinAthensin1896.Nowadays,the

Gamesarcheldindifferentcountriesinmm.Thehostcountryprovidesvastfacilities,

includingastadium,swimmingpoolsandlivingaccommodation,butcompeting

countriespaytheirownathletes'expenses.TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthe

stadiumofthetorch,lightedonMountOlympusbythesun'srays.Itiscarriedbya

successionofrunnerstothestadium.Thetorchsymbolizedthecontinuationofthe

ancientGreekathleticideals,anditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntiltheclosing

ceremony.Thewell-knov/nOlympicflag,however,isamodernconception;thefive

continentsparticipatingintheGames.

58、WhatdoyouknowaboutancientOlympicGames?

A、Theyweremealyathleticfestivals.

Theywereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolor.

C、Theyhadroleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageousposition.

D^Theywereprimarilyanationaleventwithfewforeignparticipants.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:文章第一句提到"veryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations”，

意为“体育节日很重要，而且有极强的宗教渊源。”所以A项说，只是体育节日是

不对的。第一段中还提到，“becamefirstanationaleventandthen,aftertherules

againstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,inlernalional.”先是成为国家性的赛

事，然后随着抵御外国竞争者的规则被取消而成为国际性的活动。C、D两项对外

国竞争者的描述都不对。B项，有着强烈宗教色彩的国家性事件是正确的。

59、WhichstatementdescribingathletesofancientOlympicGamesiscorrect?

A、OnlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateintheGames.

B、AllGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religionorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepartin.

C、AllGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteintheGames.

D^AllmaleGreekswerequalifiedtocompeteintheGames.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第二段提到“hutnomarriedwomanwasadmittedevenasa

spectator；slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete.“意为

“但是已婚妇女即使是作为观众也不准许参加；奴隶，妇女和名声不好的人都不可

以参赛。”从这句话可知，选择A项是正确答案。

60,WhatkindoforderdidathleticeventsofancientOlympicGamesfollow?

A、Itwasnotdefinitelyestablished.

B、Itvariedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitors.

C>ItwasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonortheGameswereheld.

D、Itwasconsideredunimportant.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第二段提到“Theexactsequenceofeventsisuncertain.“意为"比赛

没有明确的顺序。“因此，本题选择A。

61、HowwereathletesofancientOlympicGamesrewardedbytheevent?

A、Someofthemwerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleaves.

B、Mostofthem,infact.wererichlyrewardedwithprizemoneybytheircountries.

C、Thewinneroffootracewashonoredbyhavingholyoliveleavesinsteadofprize

money.

D、Thewinneroffootracewasthemosthonorableone,fbrhisnamewouldbe

rememberedfbratleastayear.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第三段提到“OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswere

honoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheadsSogreatwasthe

liunuidialIlicwinnerufthefuollaucgavehisnamelutheycaiofhisviuluiy.“意为"比

赛的最后一天，所有获胜的运动员都将头戴神圣的橄榄叶花环作为荣誉的象征，获

得最高荣誉的是在赛跑中获胜的运动员，大会将以他的名字命名这一年。项

说，一些运动员获得圣洁的橄榄叶花环，未指明是比赛中的获胜者。B项说，一些

运动员将得到本国的金钱作为奖励与题意不符。C项和D项都是叙述在赛跑中获

胜的运动员的奖励问题，根据句义，D项是正确的说法。

62>Howdoathletesdealwiththeirexpenseswhencompetinginforeigncountries?

A、Theyhavetousetheprizemoneyofthewinners.

B、Theyhavetousethefundsraisedbythecompetingnations.

C>Itisprovidedbythehostcountry.

D、Itisprovidedbycontributions.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:文章倒数第二段提到“butcompetingcountriespaytheirownathletes7

expenses",意为"但是参赛国要支付自己运动员的费用。''因此，本题选择B。

TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,

market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproduced

byspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywant

most.Privatebusinessmen,strivingtomakeprofits,producedthesegoodsandservicesin

competitionwithotherbusinessmen;andtheprofitmotive,operatingundercompetitive

pressures,largelydetermineshowthesegoodsandservicesarcproduced.Thus,inthe

Americaneconomicsystemitisthedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthe

desireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes,thatdecidehowresourcesareusedto

produceit.Animportantfactorinamarket-orientedeconomyisthemechanismbywhich

consumerdemandscanbeexpressedandrespondedtobyproducers.IntheAmerican

economy,thismechanismisprovidedbyapricesystem,aprocessinwhichpricesrise

andfallinresponsetorelativedemandsofconsumersandsuppliesofferedbyseller­

producers.Iftheproductisinshortsupplyrelativetofiledemand,thepricewillbebid

upandsomeconsumersv/illbeeliminatedfromthemarket.If,ontheotherhand,

producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost,thiswilltendtoincreasethe

supplyofferedbyseller-producers,whichinmmwilllowertheprizeandpermitmore

consumerstobuytheproduct.Thus,priceisamoreregulatingmechanisminthe

Americaneconomicsystem.Theimportantfactorinaprivate-enterpriseeconomyisthat

individualsareallowedtoownproductiveresources(privateproperty),andtheyare

permittedtohirelabor,gaincontrolovernaturalresources,andproducegoodsand

servi