上海市华育中学2025学年八年级下英语期末试卷（含答案无听力音频及原文）

上海市华育中学2025学年八年级下英语期末试卷Part2VocabularyandGrammar（第二部分词汇和语法）II.Choosethebestanswertocompletethepassage（选择最恰当的答案完成短文）(12分)Anareaisconsideredadesertifitreceiveslessthanteninchesofrainfallperyear.Mostpeoplepicturesandwhentheythinkofadesert,butonly___1___ofEarth'sdesertsarecompletelycoveredinsand.Mostofthemhaveathinlayerofsoilmixedwithstone.Desertsarealsoknown___2___theirhottemperatures,buttheycangetverycoldatnight.Becausetheairissodry,thereisnomoisturetokeepthesun's___3___overnight.Oncethesunsets,temperaturescanfall___4___30to40°F.Plantslosemoisturethroughtheirgreensurfaces.Forthisreason,plantswithmanyleavesusuallycan't___5___inthedesertbecauseeachleafincreasesaplant'stotalsurfacearea.It'shardtoimagineplants___6___inaplacewithsolittlewater,butsomedesertplantshaveadaptedbygrowinglongroots.Forexample,themesquitetree(枸杞树)hasrootsthatgo___7___undergroundinsearchofawatersource.Theirrootscangrow50feetor___8___totapintothewatertable.Somedesertplantssurvivebystayingdormant(休眠)mostofthetime.Theocotillo(章草鱼)looksdryanddead,butwhenitrains,itsgraystemschange___9___.Inafewdays,smallgreenleavesgrow,andredflowersappear.Afterafewweeks,theleavesturnyellowandfalloff,andtheocotillobecomesdormantagain___10___thenextrain.Plantsareimportantinthedesert.Animalsusethemforfoodandshelter,justlikeinotherplaces.Butinthedesert,plantsalso___11___water.Forexample,thedesertagave(沙漠龙舌兰),alsocalledcenturyplant,storesmoisture.Whenthedesertisverydry,manyanimalseatitsstemstokeepthem___12___.1.A.alittle B.little C.afew2.A.for B.as C.to3.A.hot B.heat C.temperatures4.A.by B.at C.to5.A.survive B.die C.breathe6.A.togrow B.grew C.growing7.A.deeply B.depth C.deep8.A.above B.up C.more9.A.dramatic B.dramatical C.dramatically10.A.before B.after C.until11.A.absorb B.drink C.provide12.A.lively B.live C.aliveIII.Completethepassagewiththewordsandphraseinthebox.Eachcanbeusedonlyonce.（从方框里选择单词或短语完成短文，每词只能用一次）（8分）A.appearedB.insteadC.forexampleD.joininginE.droppedF.laterTherearesomehobbiesandsports,suchascyclingandplayingsoccer,whicharealwaystrendy(流行的),whileothersgoupanddownonpopularity.Skateboarding,___13___,wasbornintheUSinthe1950sandwastheheightoffashionintheearly1960s.But___14___itspopularity___15___.Inthemid-1970s,anewimprovedboarddesign___16___andyoungpeopletookaninterestinitagain.OnesportthatisverypopularintheUKnowis"stuntscooting(特技滑板)".Youngpeopleofallages,especiallyboys,are___17___.A.simpleB.indoorC.tricksD.hurtingE.resourcesF.performing"Thegreatthingaboutscootingisthatyoucandoitanywhere,"saysJackYeomans,whospendsmostofhissparetimestuntscootingwithhisfriends."Youcanjustskateinthestreetsandlotsof___18___skatetrainingplaceswhereyoucanwatchgreatplayersinaction.Manyofthesehavefoampits(泡沫坑)soyoucanpracticenewstuntswithout___19___yourself."Therearemanystuntstolearn,from___20___jumpingtoturningthescooteraroundwhileintheair,360-degreeturns,andevenfrontandbackflipsoffhighslopes(斜坡).Inadditionto___21___stunts,fansalsoenjoyputtingsomeoftheirbest___22___andtheirworstfailsonfilms.TheirstuntmoviesareusuallymadeontotheInternet.V.Completethedialogue(补全对话)(10分)Situation:LucasandOliviaarediscussingadocumentary(纪录片)aboutancientChineseteaculture.Lucas:DidyouwatchthedocumentaryaboutancientChineseteacultureonCCTV-10lastnight?Olivia:No,Ididn't.(23)Iwas____________busy____________.(完成结果状语从句)Lucas:Itwasfantastic.ItshowedthelonghistoryofChinesetea.Olivia:Couldyoutellme(24)_______________________________________?(根据回答补全宾语从句)Lucas:Well,Chinesepeoplestartedgrowingandmakingteadrinksthousandsofyearsago.Olivia:Iwonder(25)__________________________________________intheirlives.(根据回答补全宾语从句)Lucas:Teawasquiteimportantinthesepeople'slives.Itwaswidelyenjoyedbypeopleofallages.Ancientpeoplecreatedmanyteacustoms.Olivia:Theykeptthesecustoms(26)___________________________________Ithink.(完成目的状语从句)Lucas:Iagree.Itisawisewaytopassdowntheirtraditionalculture.Besides,thedocumentaryalsointroducedteahousesinoldtimes.Olivia:IbelievethatteacultureinancientChinawastrulyamazing.Lucas:Exactly!(27)______________________________________________(完成一句感叹句)Part3ReadingandWriting（第三部分阅读与写作）VI.Readingcomprehension.(阅读理解)A.Readthepassagesandcompletethetask(根据以下内容完成任务)(每题2分，共8分)Situation:Sixstudentsaretalkingaboutpossiblenaturaldisastersrisksintheirareas.Whatsafetytipsdotheyneedtoremember?Matcheachstudent(1-6)withthepropersafetyadvice(A-G).Eachpieceofadvicecanbeusedonlyonce.StudentsTheirsituations___28___DavidIjustmovedtoanareathatexperiencesregularearthquakes.I'mnotsurewhattodowhenthegroundstartsshaking!___29___SophiaIlivenearthecoast.Duringthesummer,typhoonsmightbringstrongwindsandheavyrain.I'mworriedabouthowtostaysafeduringastorm.___30___NoahMyhometowngetshitbyheavysnoweverywinter.Thesnowcangetverydeepandblockroads!___31___MiaThereisabigforestnearmytown.Inthesummer,hotanddryweathercancausewildfires.HowcanIprotectmyselfandmyfamilyifawildfirehappensnearby?___32___EthanMyvillageisnearariver.Whenitrainstoomuch,thewaterlevelrisesquicklyandfloodstheroads.Whatcan—andshould—Idoduringaflood?___33___ChloeMyschoolisgoingtoteachusabouttornado(龙卷风)safety.Iwanttolearnthemostimportantstepsforstayingsafewhenatornadowarningisissued.A.Stayindoorsandawayfromwindows.Usesandbagstopreventwaterfromenteringyourhome.Ifyouneedtomovearound,carefullywalkthroughshallow(浅的)water.B.Movetoalow-lyingroominthecenterofthegroundfloor,likeabathroom.Stayawayfromwindows,doorsandoutsidewalls.Coveryourheadtoprotectyourselffromflyingobjects.C.Ifyouareinside,droptotheground,takecoverunderastrongtable,andholdonuntiltheshakingstops.Stayawayfromwindowsandheavyfurniturethatcouldfall.D.Closeallwindowsanddoors.Stayinsideandavoidgoingout.Donottouchfallenpowerlines,astheycanbeverydangerous.E.Keepwarmandstayinside.Avoiddrivinginheavysnow.Storeenoughfood,waterandwarmclothesbeforethestormarrives.F.Ifyouareoutdoors,movetoasafeplaceasquicklyaspossible.Staylowtothegroundandcoveryourmouthandnosewithawetcloth.Followtheinstructionsfromlocalofficials.G.Listentoweatherreportsearlyon.Ifyouliveinahigh-riskarea,prepareanemergencybagcontainingfood,waterandimportantdocuments.Makesureyouknowthelocationofthenearestsafeplace.B.Choosethebestanswer.(选择最恰当的答案)（10分）LewisHamiltoncouldn'tstopsmilingduringthepressconference(新闻发布会)afterthe2026ChineseGrandPrix(F1中国大奖赛).Butitwasn'tjustbecauseofhisownpodium(领奖台)finish.HekeptlookingatKimiAntoelli.TheMercedesdriverhadjustscoredhisfirstFormula1victory."It'strulyspecialtogetyourfirstGrandPrixwin,"saidHamilton."Minecameatthe2007CanadianGrandPrix."Antoellismiledandjumpedin."Iwasoneyearoldthen,bytheway!"Now,19,Antoellihadbecomethesecond-youngestdriver(车手)atthe2026Formula1championship.HewontheChineseGrandPrixwitha1-0victory.ThevictorymarkedanotherhighpointinAntoelli'sfast-risingcareer.Attheendof2024,Hamilton,whohadbroughtMercedescountlesswins,announcedthathewouldleaveforFerrari.TheteamthenchoseAntoellitoreplacehim.Opportunitieslikethisrarelycometodriverssoyoung.ButMercedeshadgoodreasontoputitsfaithinAntoelli.Theteamnoticedhistalentassoonashestartedracinggo-karts(卡丁车)asajunior.Theyoungdriverwasfast-trackedintoFormula2,skippingFormula3altogether.Then,in2024,Mercedesputhimthroughatoughprivatetestingprogramtopreparehimforhis2025debut.Antoellifacedmanychallengesduringhisrookieseason(新赛季).Therewasamid-seasondropinperformanceandacoupleofcrashes.ButMercedesbelievedtheyoungdriversimplyneededtimetogrow.Thisseason,Mercedesintroducedapowerfulnewcarandengine.Atthesametime,Antoellihimselfwasmaturing(变得成熟).AccordingtoMercedesteamprincipalTotoWolff,theyoungmanhadbecomebetteratlearningfromfailure.Hehasalsoimprovedthewayhecommunicateswiththeengineers.InFormula1,teamworkcanmakeorbreakarace.Standingonthepodium,Antonellifinallyrealizedhowbighisachievementwas.Tearsofexcitementfilledhiseyes.TheItaliannationalanthem(国歌)hadnotbeenheardatanF1racesince2006.YetAntonelliisalreadylookingahead."We'rejustatthebeginning,"hesaid.Clearly,thisyoungdriverhopeshiswininShanghaiwillbecomethekindofcareer-definingmomentthatHamiltonhadinCanadain2007.34.WhenandwheredidLewisHamiltongethisfirstGrandPrixwin?A.In2007inCanada. B.In2024inChina. C.In2006inMalaysia. D.In2025inGermany.35.MercedeschoseAntonellitoreplaceHamiltonbecausehe________.A.AndhadrichexperienceinF3racingB.hadaverygoodrelationshipwithHamiltonC.hadshowngreattalentinracingfromanearlyageD.hadwonmanyF1racesalthoughhewasstillyoung36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"debut"mostprobablymean?A.日常训练 B.职业生涯准备 C.公开首秀 D.假期休整37.AccordingtoTotoWolff,inwhatwayshasAntoelliimproved?①Avoidingcrashes.②Learningfromfailure.③Communicatingwithhisteammates.④Gettingusedtonewcarsandengines.A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.①④38.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardAntoelli'sfuture?A.Worried. B.Doubtful. C.Hopeful. D.Uninterested.39.Thisarticlemainlyintroduces________.A.thehistoryofItaliandriversinF1racesB.thecompetitionbetweenHamiltonandAntoelliC.Mercedes'secrettomakingpowerfulnewF1carsD.KimiAntoelli'sfirstGrandPrixwinandhisgrowthC.Choosethebestanswertocompletethepassage.(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)(12分)Friendshipisoneofthemostprecioustreasuresinourlives.Itbringsuswarmth,courageandhappinessaswegrowup.Truefriendsneverleaveuswhenweareintroubleand___40___shareourjoywhenwesucceed.Sometimes,wemaydisagreewithourfriendsandevenhavesmallfights.Badmoodscanmakeusangryandcauseustohurteachother'sfeelings.Awisepersonwillputasidehisorheremotions(情绪)andthinktwicebeforespeakinginsteadofblaming(责怪)others.Good___41___canoftenhelpsolveproblemsbetweenfriends.Inmodernlife,manyfriendsstayintouchonline.Messagesandshortvideosmakeiteasytoconnectwitheachother.However,onlinecontactcannotfullyreplaceface-to-faceconversations.Tokeepafriendshipstrong,weneedto___42___enoughtimeforourfriendsandlistenpatientlytotheirtruefeelings.Truefriendshipneverdependsonlooksorwealth.Itisbuiltontrustandrespect.Somepeoplemakefriendsonlyforpersonalgain,andsuchrelationshipsusuallydonotlastlong.Onlysincereheartscan___43___alifelongfriendship.Weshouldrememberthatnobodyisperfect.Ourfriendshaveshortcomings,justlikewedo.Ifwealwaysfocusontheirweaknesses,wewillfeeldisappointed.Learningtoacceptdifferencesisanimportant___44___ofkeepinglong-lastingfriendships.Besides,honestymattersalot.Liescandestroytrustlittlebylittle.Oncetrustislost,itishardtorebuild.So,weshouldalwaysbetruthfulwithourfriendsandnever___45___themforourownbenefit.Cherishourtruefriends.Theyencourageustomoveforward,remindustostaymodest(谦逊的)andhelpusbecomemoreresponsiblepeople.40.A.never B.always C.rarely D.sometimes41.A.communication B.education C.introduction D.preparation42.A.cost B.waste C.lose D.spare43.A.destroy B.build C.value D.record44.A.mistake B.skill C.result D.reason45.A.praise B.trust C.hurt D.greetD.Readthepassageandcompletethetasks(根据短文内容，完成任务)(46-50题，每题2分，51题，5分；共15分）StandinginSteveMann'slabattheUniversityofTorontomaybetheclosestthingtosteppinginsidehisbrain.Circuitboards,oldcomputersandotherelectronicsfilleverycorner.Boxesofmanuals(说明书)andtoolsarepiled(堆放)sohighthattheynearlytouchtheceiling(天花板).Mann,aprofessorattheuniversity,keepsitthiswayonpurpose."Sincechildhood,I'vebeeninterestedinhowthingswork,"hesays."I'vealwaysfilledmyspacewithallkindsofcool,techythings."Indeed,Mann,now63,hasalwayshadasenseofwonderabouttechnology.Whenhewasfour,hisgrandfathertaughthimtoweld(焊接).Theboynoticedthatthesmallwindowoftheprotectivehelmet(头盔)almostcompletelyblockedhisview.Mannkeptthis"problem"inmindforyears.Finally,in1993,hecameupwithasolution:HDR.Thetechnologycombines(混合)imageswithdifferentexposures(曝光量)tocreateaclearerpicture.It'snowusedeverywhere,fromdigitalcamerastosmartphones.Asateenager,Mannvolunteeredatarepairshop.Usingthesparepartsintheshop,hebuilthisfirstwearablecomputer,theWearCom.Itweighedabout36kilograms.Mannadmitsitwasinconvenienttouse,butitworked.Bitbybit,Mannmadehiswearablecomputersmaller,lighterandmoreuseful.WiththedevelopmentofHDR,itfinallybecametheEyeTap.It'slikelytheworld'sfirstpairofsmartglasses.Mannwassoproudthatheworeitalmost24/7.Butmanypeoplethoughtitwasstrange.SomeevencrossedthestreettoavoidMann.BeyondHDRandtheEyeTap,Mannalsocreatedasmartwatchvideophone,16yearsbeforetheAppleWatchhitthemarket."AlotofwhatIdoseemsaheadofitstime,"hesays."Mostofmyideascometomeindreams.Somehow,theywalkintothefuture."Mannstillhasplentytosayaboutwheretechnologyisheaded.Hopefully,we'llallstartlistening.Task1Answerthequestionsaccordingtothepassage46.WhendidSteveManninventHDRtechnology?____________________________________________________________________________________________47.WhyisMann'slabfulloftechythings?___________________________________________