辽宁省锦州市某校2025-2026学年度第二学期期末考试高二英语试题（含答案）

辽宁锦州市某校2025-2026学年度第二学期期末考试高二英语试题一、阅读理解ASharedMobility:MakingTravelEasierforAllSharedmobilityservices,suchascarsharesandbikeshares,havepositiveeffectsontheenvironment.However,accesstotheseservicesisnotequalforeveryone.Researchshowsthatsharedmobilityservicesaremorecommonlyavailableinwealthierurbanareas.Mostuserstendtobeyounger,wealthier,andphysicallyable.Tobuildasustainabletransportationsystem,itisessentialtomaketheseservicesinclusiveforallpeople.Somecitieshaveintroducedprogramstosupportlow-incomeresidents.Theseprogramshelpincreasetheuseofsharedvehiclesandreducedependenceonpersonalcars.Recently,about70%ofmicromobilityprogramsintheUShavetakenmeasurestobetterservedisadvantagedgroups,suchasacceptingcashpaymentsandofferingnon-smartphonebookingoptions.Still,manybarriersremain.Surveysindicatethatpeopleinruralareasandthosewithlowerincomesencountermoreobstacleswhentryingtousebikeshares.Cost,lackoffamiliarity,andlimitedavailabilityarecommonproblems,asillustratedintheFigure.Non-profitorganizationsarealsoplayinganimportantrole.Forexample,SharedMobilityInc.,aBuffalo-basedNGO,providesfreee-bikestounderservedcommunitiesandorganizestrainingsessionstopromotecyclingcultureandsafety.MobitwininBelgiumsupportselderlypeopleandthosewithlimitedmobilitybyprovidingaffordableridesbookedviatelephone.Similarly,TimCarsharinginAustriaoffersvehiclessuitableforwheelchairsandprovideschildseatsuponrequest.Inconclusion,understandingdifferentneedsandmakingservicesmoreadaptablearekeystepstowardfairandsustainableurbantransportation.1.Whatisthepurposeofmakingsharedmobilityservicesinclusiveforall?A．Topromotecashpayments.B．Tolowertransportationcosts.C．Tomaketransportationsustainable.D．Toreducerelianceonprivatecars.2.Whichisthemajorobstaclepreventinglow-incomeurbanpeoplefromusingbikeshares?A．Safetyconcerns.B．Highcost.C．Lackoffamiliarity.D．Limitedavailability.3.WhichmeasureistakenbyTimCarsharinginAustria?A．Providingfreee-bikes.B．Bookingridesbysmartphone.C．Organizingtrainingsessions.D．Offeringwheelchair-friendlyvehicles.BAt76yearsold,ZhangGuohuiisnotamanwhospendshisdaysinquietretirement.Instead,hishands,roughandwork-wornfromsixtyyearsoflabor,continuetoshapewoodintofloatinghistory.HeisoneofthelastlivingmastersoftheancientartofbuildingtraditionalChinesesailingshipsusing“watertight-bulkhead”technology.ThismethodwassoimportantthatitwasonceacarefullykeptsecretofChineseshipbuilders.Today,itisrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldCulturalHeritage.Zhang’sjourneybeganattheyoungageof16,whenhefirststartedlearningatashipyardinQuanzhou.Longago,QuanzhouwasthestartingpointoftheMaritime(adj.海的)SilkRoad.Inthosedays,buildingawoodenshipwasahugetaskthatrequiredthewholecommunity’shelpandthemaster’sdeepknowledgeofthesea.“Youdon’tjustfollowadrawing,”Zhangexplainsinhislocalwayofspeaking.“Youhavetofeelthewood,understanditslines,andknowhowitwillbendtothepowerofthewaves.”Thewatertight-bulkheadmethoddividestheship’sbodyintoseveralseparateparts.Thiswasawonderfulinventionofancientengineering.Ifonepartoftheshipwasbroken,itwouldnotsink.Today,theloudnoiseofmotorboatshaslongreplacedtherhythmicsoundofhammersinQuanzhouBay.Peoplenolongerneedlargewoodensailingships.However,Zhang’sloveforhiscrafthasnotfaded;ithasonlyfoundanewdirection.Henowspendshistimecreatingbeautiful,small-scalemodelsoftheveryshipsheoncehelpedbuild.Hisworkshophasbecomeaplacefullofmaritimehistory,filledwithcarefulcopiesofFujiantradingships.Eachmodelhasworkingdoorsandperfectlyfittedwoodenpieces.“Thesizehaschanged,”hesays,carefullypaintingatinyrudder(n.舵),“buttheheart,theskill,thespirit.It’sallthesame.”ForZhangGuohui,thesemodelsarenotjustobjects,theyarecarriersofanoldtraditionmovingintothefuture.Theyshowalifetimeofhardworkdedicatedtomakingsurethatthewisdomofthepastisnotlosttothepassingoftime.4.Whatdowelearnaboutthe“watertight-bulkhead”technology?A．ItwasamethodknownonlytoChineseshipbuilders.B．Itisamoderntechnologyfirstusedinmotorboats.C．ItwasinventedbyZhangGuohuiwhenhewasyoung.D．ItisstillwidelyusedtobuildlargeshipsinQuanzhoutoday.5.Whatistheadvantageofthewatertight-bulkheadtechnology?A．Itisamethodthatanyonecaneasilylearn.B．Itmadeshipsmuchsaferandlesslikelytosink.C．Itisamoderntechnologynowusedinmotorboats.D．Itallowsbuilderstoworkwithoutfollowingdrawings.6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsZhangGuohui’swork?A．NegativeB．UninterestedC．AdmiringD．Doubtful7.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesZhangGuohui’scharacter?A．realisticandprofit-drivenB．kindheartedandconsiderateC．hardworkinganddevotedD．casualandeasy-goingCEveryoneknowswalkingisgoodforyou,andmanyofuscountourdailysteps.Butisitbettertotakealongerwalkthanacomparablenumberofstepsspreadacrosstheday?Arecentmultinationalstudyrevealsthatwalkinginlongercontinuoussessionsprovidesgreaterhealthbenefitsthanaccumulatingthesamenumberofstepsthroughshortburststhroughouttheday.Researchersanalyzeddatafrom33,560Britishadultsaged40-79whoaveragedlessthan8,000dailysteps.Participantswereaskedtowearanaccelerometerforaboutsevendaystoestablishhowmuchtheytypicallywalk.Participantsweresortedintofourcategoriesaccordingtowhethertheyaccumulatedmostoftheirsteps:under5minutes,5-10minutes,10-15minutes,orover15minutes.Scientistsfoundthatthosewhomainlywalkedinmorethan15minutesessionsshowedan83%lowermortality(死亡)riskand68%lowercardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseriskcomparedtothosetakinglessthan5minutes’walks.“Wetendtoplacealltheemphasisonthenumberofstepsorthetotalamountofwalkingbutneglectthecrucialroleofpatterns,”saidEmmanuelStamatakis,oneoftheresearchers,whoisdirectoroftheUniversityofSydney’sMackenzieWearablesResearchHubinSydney,Australia.“Thestudyshowsthatevenpeoplewhoareveryphysicallyinactivecanmaximizetheirhearthealthbenefitbytweakingtheirwalkingpatternstowalkforlongeratatime,ideallyforatleast10-15minutes.”Buttheresearcherstookstepstodeterminewhetherbetterhealthcausedthelongerwalksratherthanviceversa.Forinstance,theyanalyzedtheirfindingswithoutincludingvolunteerswhowerereportedfairorpoorhealth,yetresultswerestill“inlinewiththoseofourmainanalyses.”AidenDoherty,aprofessorattheUniversityofOxfordsaidthestudywasconducted“bysomeoftheworld’sleadingphysicalactivityresearchers”andintroducedabrandnewconcept,but“theresultsneedtobereproducedinotherstudiesinothercountriestoseeifthismightbeduetoadirectcausalrelationshipratherthanasimpleconnectionbetweenfactors.”8.Howdidtheresearcherscategorizetheparticipantsinthestudy?A．Bytheiragegroupsandnationalbackgrounds.B．Bytheconditionoftheircardiovascularhealth.C．Bythetotalnumberofstepstheytookwithinaday.D．Bythelengthoftheircontinuouswalkingsessions.9.Theunderlinedword“tweaking”inparagraph3mostprobablymeans_______.A．replacingcompletelyB．adjustingslightlyC．criticizingseverelyD．measuringaccurately10.WhatisProfessorDoherty’sattitudetowardthefindings?A．FavorableB．CautiousC．DisapprovingD．Indifferent11.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．WalkingMoreStepsleadstoBetterHealth.B．OlderAdultsShouldPrioritizeMoreWalking.C．WalkingPatternsSignificantlyAffectLongevity.D．WalkingStylemattersMoreThanStepCount.DConsiderednature’sengineers,beavers(河狸)builddamsacrossstreamstocreateponds.Theyareakeyspeciesduetotheirsignificantimpactonstreams,themovementofwater,waterquality,andtheotheranimalsthatlivethere.Beaverscanchangetheirenvironmentsmainlythroughdamconstruction.Theeffectsofthesedamscanbedifferentingeographicalregions,butscientistsdonothaveaclearunderstandingofhowtheyaffectwaterquality,habitat,andsedimentation(沉积).“Duetolimitedstudy,someresearchscientistsmustmakedecisionsonhowtheconservation,expansion,andreintroductionofbeaverscanmakeadifferencetotheirlocalstreamsbasedonfindingsfromecosystemsthataremorefrequentlystudiedandbetterunderstood,”saidEPAresearcherKenFritz.KenFritz,Johnson,HeatherGolden,andBrentJohnson,incollaborationwithotherresearchersfromMiamiUniversity,Ohio,conductedascientificliteraturereviewtobetterunderstandhowbeaverdamsinfluencestreamsystemsacrossdifferentbiogeographicalregions.Theirpaperused267peer-reviewedstudiestoquantifytheeffectsofbeaverdams.Theliteraturereviewfoundthatbeaverdamshadprofoundenvironmentaleffects.Theimpactsonstreammorphology(形态学)andwatermovementweresimilaracrossgeographicalregions.Streamhealthalsoappearedtoimprovewithbeaverconservation.Specifically,resultsshowthatwhilenitrateandsuspendedsedimentsdecreaseddownstreamfrombeaverdams,pollutantslikemethylmercury,dissolvedorganiccarbon,andammoniumconcentrationsincreased.Totalnitrogenandphosphorusconcentrationstendedtonotbeaffectedbybeaverdams.Theeffectsbeaverdamshaveonpollutantsvarydependingonenvironmentalconditions—liketemperature,sunlight,watervelocityanddepth—thataidinchangingandtransportingcertainpollutants.Onalargerscale,beaverdamsslowwaterflowandincreasesedimentation,andmostpollutantslikelysettleoutofthewaterintosedimentsupstreamofthebeaverdam.Theseareascouldbecomezonesofhighconcentrationofsomeharmfulpollutantsforexposedwildlife.Thesefindingscanbeusefulforstreamconservationandrestorationeffortsthatintroduceorprotectbeavers.Additionalstudiesareneededindryorcoldbiomeshistoricallyoccupiedbybeaversandinnewenvironmentswherebeaverpopulationsarecurrentlyexpanding.12.Whatimpactdobeaverdamshaveontheenvironment?A．Waterqualityandlivinghabitats.B．Theclimateofdifferentregions.C．Thesafetyofotherwildlife.D．Theincreasingnumberofplantspecies.13.Whatcanweconcludeabouttheinfluenceofbeaverdams?A．Theyeffectivelyreducealltypesofpollutantsinstreams.B．Theymaycreatehiddenenvironmentalrisksforwildlifenearby.C．Theymainlycontrolpollutionbychangingwatertemperatureandsunlight.D．Theyleadtohigherconcentrationsofharmfulpollutantsdownstream.14.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A．Byconductingaliteraturereviewonbeavers.B．Byobservingwildbeaversindifferentregions.C．Bysummarizingplentyofpreviousrelatedstudies.D．Byinventinganovelapproachtoprotectstreamsystems.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Currentresearchonbeaversisfarfromcomplete.B．Beaverprotectionhasgreatlyimprovedstreamhealth.C．Dryandcoldregionsareidealhabitatsforbeavers.D．Streamrestorationreliesmainlyonbeaverintroduction.二、七选五OurPartinPeaceWorldpeaceisessentialforhumanity’ssurvivalandprogress.Itallowsnationstocooperate,culturestodevelop,andfuturegenerationstoliveinsafety.Beingdevotedtopeaceisachievablethroughsmalleffortsinourdailylife.___16___LearnfromHistory,ValuePeace.Historyshowsushoweasilypeacecanbebroken.___17___Bylearningtheirstories,wecometounderstandthatpeaceisnotagiftbutsomethingworthprotecting.Whenweknowwhatwaslostinthepast,wewillnottakewhatwehavetodayforgranted.StandAgainstBullying,DefendPeaceonCampus.Bullyingisasmallformofviolencethatbreakspeaceatitsroots.Whenweseesomeonebeingtargeted—whetherthroughwords,exclusion,orthreats—wecanchoosetostepin,notlookaway.___18___Itremindsuscourageoversilencebuildspeace.SpeakwithCare,SpreadPeaceOnline.___19___Butwecanchoosetobedifferent.Wedonothavetoshareeveryhurtfulpostorjoineveryfight.Beforewetypesomething,wecanstopandthink:Willthishelporhurt?Afewkindwordsonlinecanmakearealdifference.Wecanbepartofthecalm,notpartofthenoise.___20___Peacegrowswherepeoplefeelconnected.Whenwegiveourtimetohelpatafoodbank,cleanupapark,orassistelderlyneighbors,webecomepartofsomethinglargerthanourselves.Thesesimpleactsshowthatwecare.Acommunitywherepeoplelookoutforoneanotherisacommunitywherepeacecantakeroot.A．StayCalm,BeginPeacefromWithin.B．VolunteerLocally,StrengthenCommunityPeace.C．Theonlineworldisfullofloudandangryvoices.D．Italsoshowsushowmanypeoplefoughtanddiedtokeepit.E．Byacceptingdifferentviewstoday,webuildapeacefulfuture.F．Asimpleactofstandingbesidethevictimcanhelpstopharm.G．Theseeffortskeepsocietyandeventheworldwarmandharmonious.三、完形填空Notallheroeswearcapes,butsomedohavethepowertochangeaperson’slife.SpencerBosleyfromSBMowingisonesuchperson.Whenhe___21___theunkeptgardenofan80-year-olddisabledwomannamedBeth,heendedupchangingherlifeforthebetter.WhenBosleyhadhisfirst___22___withBeth,shetoldhimthatshehadbeentryingtogethelp,butnoonehadgottenbacktoher.___23___,thelocalauthoritieshadthreatenedtochargeBeth$240formowing(修剪)herlawn,whichshecouldn’t___24___.Inresponse,Bosleygaveherahand.He___25___tomowherlawnforfree.WhenBosleycompletedtheworkandshowedtheresult,Bethwas___26___.“IwishIhadsomethingforyou,”BethtoldBosley,whorepliedhejustwantedhertobe___27___.HopingtohelpBethfurther,Bosley___28___aGoFundMecampaignontheInternetforBeth.HeaimedtomakeBeth’shomemore___29___byinstallingaramp(斜坡)toherdoorandachairlifttodoherlaundrydownstairs.The___30___werealsointendedtohelppayforacompanyto___31___herlawnfortheforeseeablefuture.Withinjustoneweek,Bosleyraisedover$850,000.WhenhetoldBeththenews,shewas___32___.BethexpressedherprofoundgratitudetoBosleyandallthosewhohad___33___.ThestoryofBosleyandBethservesasapowerful___34___thateveryonecanmakeapositiveimpactonsomeoneelse’slife.Sometimes,asimpleactof___35___cansetoffachainreactionofgoodwill.21.A．lookedforB．tookoverC．cameacrossD．brokeinto22.A．encounterB．appointmentC．interviewD．argument23.A．EventuallyB．ObviouslyC．AdditionallyD．Similarly24.A．tolerateB．affordC．rejectD．avoid25.A．offeredB．refusedC．expectedD．pretended26.A．satisfiedB．depressedC．worriedD．touched27.A．safeB．peacefulC．happyD．positive28.A．launchedB．sharedC．supportedD．advertised29.A．beautifulB．accessibleC．functionalD．secure30.A．budgetsB．loansC．savingsD．funds31.A．expandB．redesignC．maintainD．monitor32.A．puzzledB．astonishedC．amusedD．terrified33.A．investedB．resistedC．consultedD．donated34.A．reminderB．warningC．principleD．agreement35.A．braveryB．wisdomC．loyaltyD．kindness四、语法填空Theheartwarmingphrase“Loveyou,goodoldself”___36___(sweep)acrossChinesesocialmediasincelate2025,drawingwidespreadattention.Itspopularityhasledpeopletorefertothemselvesas“OldSelf”.Itis___37___friendlynicknamethatallowsonetostepbackandspeaktooneselfwithkindness.Byaddressingoneselfasan“oldfriend,”youngpeople___38___(gentle)remindthemselvestopauseandpracticeself-kindnessindailylife.Thisexpression___39___(include)inthe“Top10InternetBuzzwordsof2025”whichwasreleasedlastmonth.Researchersinterpretitasaresponse___40___theintensepressuresfacingtoday’syouth.ProfessorLiuHaihuafromPekingUniversityexplainsthatthecoreliesnotinescapingchallenges,___41___inbuildinginnerstrengththroughsmallactsofkindness.___42___youngpeopletrulyneedisself-approval.Thistrendrepresentsahealthypsychologicalturn___43___(root)intheembraceofourownemotionalstate.Fromtheearlier“Sangculture”,___44___wasatrendingwordtoreflectalackofself-motivation,to“Buddha-likeyouth,”thento“lyingflat,”andnowto“loveyou,goodoldself,”theworldiswitnessingagrandemotionalreconciliationamongChineseyouthwhofind___45___(relieve)indigitalspaces.Chineseyoungpeoplenotonlyengageinself-healingbycreatingandspreadingmemeslike“loveyou,goodoldself,”buttheyalsoformnewemotionalsupportnetworks.五、书信写作（倡议书）46.你校学生会拟发起“DigitalLifeWisely”主题倡议，请你代表学生会，给全校同学写一封英文倡议书，倡导合理使用电子产品。要点：1.简述电子产品的利弊；2.给出具体建议。电子产品：digitalproducts要求：1.词数80左右；2.格式规范，语言得体；Dearschoolmates,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Students’Union六、读后续写47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。LastSaturday,mybestfriendLilyandIwenttotheparknearourcommunitytowalkourdogs.Thesunwasshiningbrightly,thewindwassoftandgentle,andbirdsweresinginginthetrees.Wechattedhappilyaboutourschoollifeandinterestingthingsindailylife,whilewatchingourlovelydogsrunningandplayingfreelyonthegreengrass.Itwassucharelaxingandpleasantafternoon.Suddenly,ourdogsstoppedbyabigoldtreeandbeganbarkingloudly.Theykeptstaringatthehollow(洞)inthetrunk,asiftheyhadfoundsomethingstrange.Wewalkedovercuriouslytoseewhatwashappening.Tooursurprise,wefoundatiny,shiveringkittenstuckinthedeephole.Itwassosmallandweakthatitcouldn’tclimboutatall.Itssadandweakmeows(喵)touchedourheartsdeeply.Wequicklybentdownandtriedtoreachitwithourhands,buttheholewastoodeep.Wejustcouldn’ttouchitnomatterhowhardwetried.Wereallywantedtocallforhelp,buttherewasnooneelsearoundatthatmoment.Thekittenbecamemoreandmorefrightened.Itkeptscratchingtheinsideofthetrunkandcryingevenlouder,whichmadeusfeelworriedandhelpless.Welookedateachotherandbothagreedthatwecouldn’tjustleavethepoorlittlecattherealone.Sowemadeupourmindstofindawaytogetitoutsafely.Weranquicklytoanearbysmallshoptoborrowsometools.Soonwecamebackwithalongrope,asmallbasketandabagofcatfood,readytosavethekitten.注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Wetiedthebaskettotheropeandslowlylowereditintothehollow.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________