2026年自考00012英语(一)试题及答案

2026年自考00012英语(一)试题及答案PartIVocabularyandStructure(每小题1分，共30分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Thecommitteeinsistedthateveryapplicant______adetailedresumebeforethedeadline.A.submits  B.submit  C.submitted  D.submitting2.Hardly______theairportwhenitstartedtosnowheavily.A.wereached  B.hadwereached  C.wehadreached  D.reachedwe3.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme______ofanychangesinthedeliveryschedule.A.informing  B.informed  C.toinform  D.inform4.Theresearchteamislookingforavolunteer______nativelanguageisGerman.A.whose  B.which  C.whom  D.who5.Bytheendofnextyear,thecompany______itsnetworktocovertheentireprovince.A.willexpand  B.willhaveexpanded  C.hasexpanded  D.expands6.Themorecarefullyyoureadthepoem,______youwillunderstandthepoet’semotion.A.thedeeper  B.deeper  C.thedeepest  D.deepest7.TheteacherspokesoquicklythatIcould______followwhatshewassaying.A.nearly  B.barely  C.hardlyever  D.almostnot8.Thedocumentsareprintedonbothsidesinordertosavepaperandreducetheimpact______theenvironment.A.of  B.on  C.to  D.with9.IfI______earlierthatthetrafficwouldbethisbad,Iwouldhavetakenthesubway.A.realized  B.hadrealized  C.realize  D.wouldrealize10.Thescientist’snewtheoryturnedouttobe______afteryearsofverification.A.invaluable  B.invalid  C.valueless  D.unworthy11.Thetouristswereamazedtofindthevillage______almostexactlyasithadbeenacenturyago.A.topreserve  B.preserving  C.preserved  D.havingpreserved12.Theboardofdirectorsdemandedthatthereport______beforeFriday.A.becompleted  B.completed  C.completes  D.completing13.Notuntilthetrainarrived______howmuchluggageshehadbrought.A.sherealized  B.didsherealize  C.shehadrealized  D.hadsherealized14.Theyoungmanwasturneddownforthejobsimply______hislackofrelevantexperience.A.because  B.becauseof  C.dueto  D.owing15.Theprofessorrecommendedthatthestudent______acourseinacademicwriting.A.takes  B.take  C.took  D.taking16.Thecitygovernmenthasinvestedheavilyinpublictransport,______trafficcongestion.A.toreduce  B.reducing  C.reduced  D.reduces17.Thenovelissaid______intotwentylanguagessofar.A.totranslate  B.tohavetranslated  C.tobetranslated  D.tohavebeentranslated18.Thecoach,togetherwiththeplayers,______attendingthepressconferencenow.A.are  B.is  C.were  D.have19.Thehigherthetemperature,______theliquidevaporates.A.thefaster  B.faster  C.thefastest  D.fastest20.Thewitness’sdescriptionoftheaccidentwasso______thatthepolicehadnodifficultyidentifyingthesuspect.A.vague  B.precise  C.ambiguous  D.obscure21.Thecompany’sannualreportis______readingforanyoneinterestedininvestment.A.worthy  B.worth  C.worthwhile  D.worthless22.Thestudentswereexcitedtofindthemuseum______freeofchargeonweekends.A.admitting  B.admitted  C.toadmit  D.admits23.Theprojectwascompletedontime,______thefactthattwoteammemberswereabsentforaweek.A.despite  B.although  C.however  D.inspite24.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoavoid______intheexaminationroom.A.totalk  B.talk  C.talking  D.talked25.Theexperiment,______understrictcontrol,yieldedreliableresults.A.conducted  B.conducting  C.toconduct  D.conducts26.Themanagerspokehighlyoftheassistant’sabilitytodeal______complaintsfromcustomers.A.with  B.to  C.on  D.about27.Theboypretended______asleepwhenhismotherenteredtheroom.A.tobe  B.being  C.be  D.been28.Thecommitteehasagreedto______theproposalprovidedthatitismodified.A.accept  B.accepting  C.accepted  D.havingaccepted29.Thetouristswerewarnednottoventureintotheforest______theymightgetlost.A.so  B.lest  C.unless  D.while30.Thescientist’spersistencefinallypaid______whentheexperimentsucceeded.A.off  B.out  C.for  D.upPartIIClozeTest(每小题1分，共20分)下面短文中有20个空白，每个空白有四个选项，请选出最佳答案。Theideaofafour-dayworkweekhasgainedmomentumworldwide.Advocatesarguethatreducingworkinghourscan31productivitywhileimprovingemployees’well-being.ArecenttrialinIceland32over2,500workersfrom2015to2019.Theresults,publishedin2021,showedthatproductivityeither33thesameorincreasedinthemajorityofworkplaces.Workersreportedfeelinglessstressedand34likelytoburnout.Theyusedtheirextradayofftoexercise,pursuehobbies,orspendtimewithfamily,35inbettermentalhealth.Critics,however,warnthatthemodelmaynotsuiteverysector.Hospitals,forinstance,mightstruggle36maintainround-the-clockcarewithoutincreasingstaffnumbers.Smallbusinessesalsofearhigheroperationalcostsiftheyhaveto37additionalshifts.Yet,thedatasofarsuggestthatashorterweekcouldbeawin-win38properlymanaged.GovernmentsinSpain,ScotlandandJapanhavealreadylaunchedpilotprograms,39tradeunionsnegotiatewithemployersforflexibleschedules.Thechallengeistoensurethatreducedhoursdonotsimply40intolongerdaysorunpaidovertime.31.A.weaken B.boost C.undermine D.diminish32.A.involved B.included C.contained D.covered33.A.remained B.maintained C.sustained D.preserved34.A.most B.much C.more D.less35.A.resulting B.causing C.leading D.producing36.A.for B.to C.with D.on37.A.takeon B.putup C.setout D.bringin38.A.unless B.if C.once D.until39.A.where B.which C.that D.when40.A.translate B.convert C.shift D.transferPartIIIReadingComprehension(每小题2分，共30分)SectionA仔细阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。PassageOneIn1854,JohnSnow,aLondonphysician,mappedcasesofcholeraandtracedthesourcetoacontaminatedpumponBroadStreet.Byremovingthepumphandle,hehaltedtheoutbreakandrevolutionizedtheunderstandingofdiseasetransmission.Snow’sworkisnowhailedasafoundingmomentofepidemiology,yetatthetimehistheory—thatcholerawaswater-borne—wasridiculedbymiasmatheoristswhobelieveddiseasespreadthrough“badair.”Snow’smeticulousdatacollection,includinghouse-to-houseinquiries,eventuallypersuadedlocalauthorities.Today,interactivedigitalmapsallowepidemiologiststotrackoutbreaksinrealtime,buttheprincipleremainsunchanged:accuratedatasaveslives.41.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.A.comparehistoricalandmodernmedicalpracticesB.illustratehowoneman’sdatachangedpublichealthC.criticizethemiasmatheoryofdiseaseD.describethegeographyofVictorianLondon42.Theword“halted”inline5isclosestinmeaningto______.A.accelerated B.stopped C.investigated D.predicted43.Itcanbeinferredthatmiasmatheorists______.A.lackedaccuratedata B.refusedtodrinkwaterC.supportedSnow’sintervention D.mappedcholeracases44.Snow’smethodisstillrelevanttodaybecause______.A.digitalpumpsreplacehandleremoval B.badairstillcausescholeraC.data-drivenactionremainsvital D.Londonhasnocholeranow45.Theauthor’sattitudetowardSnow’sachievementisoneof______.A.indifference B.admiration C.skepticism D.ironyPassageTwoPlasticproductionhassurgedfrom2milliontonsin1950toover450milliontonstoday.Lessthan10%isrecycled;therestaccumulatesinlandfillsoroceans,whereitfragmentsintomicroplastics.Theseparticlesenterthefoodweb,harmingmarinelifeandpotentiallyhumanhealth.Biodegradablealternatives,suchaspolylacticacid(PLA),promiserelief,yettheyrequireindustrialcompostersrarelyfoundindevelopingnations.Amoreviablepathmaylieinreducingsingle-useplasticsthroughpolicy.Kenya’s2017banonplasticbags,enforcedwithfinesupto$40,000,cutroadsidelitterby55%withinayear.However,enforcementisuneven,andblack-marketbagsthrive.Ultimately,consumerbehavior,corporateresponsibility,andgovernmentregulationmustaligntocurbplasticpollution.46.ThepassageindicatesthatPLAis______.A.widelycompostedinAfrica B.adurablepolymerC.notaperfectsolution D.cheaperthanplastic47.Kenya’sbaniscitedasanexampleof______.A.failedlegislation B.effectivepolicyC.corporateinitiative D.consumerresistance48.Theword“thrive”inline13mostnearlymeans______.A.prosper B.disappear C.shrink D.stagnate49.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostlikelysupport?A.Globalprohibitionofallplastics B.VoluntarycorporatepledgesonlyC.Integratedapproachcombininglaw,industry,andpublic D.Exportingwastetospace50.Thetoneofthepassageisbestdescribedas______.A.optimistic B.cautionary C.sarcastic D.indifferentSectionB将下列短文译成中文，注意准确与通顺。PassageThreeThegigeconomy,characterizedbyshort-termcontractsandfreelancework,hasredefinedtraditionalemployment.Whileitoffersflexibilityandautonomy,italsoerodeslong-termjobsecurityandemployer-providedbenefits.RecentlitigationintheUnitedKingdomrequiredride-hailinggiantstoclassifydriversas“workers”ratherthanindependentcontractors,grantingthemminimumwageandholidaypay.Therulingmayrippleacrossjurisdictions,promptingplatformstorecalibratelabormodels.Yet,technologicalsurveillanceinherentinalgorithmicmanagementraisesnewquestionsaboutprivacyandworkerdignity.Balancinginnovationwithprotectionwilldominatelabordiscourseinthecomingdecade.51.将上文翻译成中文，写在答题卡指定位置。PartIVWriting(共20分)52.根据下列要求写一篇120—150词的短文。近年来，国内不少城市推行“垃圾分类”政策。请结合个人或身边实例，说明该政策带来的变化及你的看法。文中不得出现真实校名、人名。【答案与解析】1.B insist后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词原形。2.B Hardly开头部分倒装，过去完成时。3.B keepsb.informed固定搭配。4.A whose引导定语从句，修饰volunteer。5.B by+将来时间点，用将来完成时。6.A the+比较级，the+比较级结构。7.B barely表示“几乎不”，符合句意。8.B impacton固定搭配。9.B 与过去事实相反的虚拟，if从句用过去完成时。10.A invaluable表示“极有价值的”。11.C 过去分词作宾补，表被动状态。12.A demand后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，be动词原形。13.B Notuntil开头，主句部分倒装。14.B becauseof+名词，表示原因。15.B recommend后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词原形。16.A 不定式表目的。17.D sofar提示完成时，且novel与translate为被动关系。18.B togetherwith插入语，主语为coach，单数。19.A the+比较级，the+比较级结构。20.B precise与后文“nodifficulty”对应。21.B worthreading固定搭配。22.A museum与admit为主动关系，现在分词作宾补。23.A despite后直接接名词短语。24.C avoid后接动名词。25.A 过去分词作定语，表被动。26.A dealwith固定搭配。27.A pretendtodo结构。28.A agreetodo不定式作宾语。29.B lest引导目的状语从句，用should+动词原形，should可省。30.A payoff表示“取得成功”。31.B boostproductivity提高生产率。32.A involved表示“涉及”。33.A remained表示“保持”。34.D lesslikely较不可能。35.A resultingin导致。36.B struggletodo固定搭配。37.A ta