2026年重庆市苏教版初中英语下册第5单元语法填空专项题库

2026年重庆市苏教版初中英语下册第5单元语法填空专项题库一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Lioftenasksusto_______ourhomeworkcarefullybeforeclass,butIstillmakemistakessometimes.A.finishB.finishingC.finishedD.tofinish解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为“李先生经常要求我们在课前认真完成作业”，此处动词ask后需跟不定式作宾语补足语，表示“要求某人做某事”，故选D。其他选项均不符合语法结构，A为动词原形，B为动名词，C为过去分词，D为不定式。干扰项B“finishing”若填入，句子结构错误；C“finished”为过去分词，不能单独作宾补；A“finish”缺少不定式符号to。2.Thegirl_______issittingbythewindowismybestfriend.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.it解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。句意为“坐在窗边的那个女孩是我的好朋友”，先行词“thegirl”指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。B“whom”作宾语，不符合；D“it”不能引导定语从句。A和C均可，但根据最新语法规范，who更常用作指人先行词的主语关系代词，故选A。干扰项B“whom”若填入，从句动词需改为“iswhom”，但whom在口语中较少使用。3.Ifyou_______moretime,youcouldhavefinishedtheprojectearlier.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果你有更多时间，你本可以更早完成这个项目”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去时态，主句用“wouldhave+过去分词”。A“have”为一般现在时；C“willhave”为一般将来时；D“wouldhave”虽主句正确，但题干从句需用“had”，故错误。B“had”符合虚拟语气规则，选B。干扰项C“willhave”若填入，主句应为“youwouldhavefinished”，但与题干结构不符。4.Theteachertoldthestudents_______theyshouldbequietinthelibrary.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether解析：本题考查宾语从句的用法。句意为“老师告诉学生他们在图书馆应该保持安静”，tellsbsththat...是固定结构，that引导宾语从句，且在从句中不充当任何成分。B“what”作主语或宾语；C“if”和D“whether”引导条件或选择状语从句，不符合句意。A最符合语法，选A。干扰项B若填入，从句需改为“thattheyshouldbequiet”，但what不能直接引导宾语从句。5.Mysisterisgoodatplayingthepiano,_______shedoesn’tpracticeeveryday.A.butB.soC.becauseD.although解析：本题考查连词辨析。句意为“我姐姐擅长弹钢琴，尽管她不是每天练习”，前后句存在转折关系，应用although或but。B“so”表示因果；C“because”表示原因；A“but”和D“although”均可，但although更强调让步关系，更符合语境，故选D。干扰项A若填入，需改为“butshedoesn’t”，但but前后通常用逗号隔开，此处不符合标点规则。6.It’simportanttokeepahealthylifestyle,_______itcanhelpusstayfit.A.becauseB.soC.whenD.as解析：本题考查原因状语从句。句意为“保持健康的生活方式很重要，因为它能帮助我们保持健康”，前后句为因果关系，应用because或so。C“when”表示时间；D“as”可表原因但语气较because弱。A最符合逻辑，选A。干扰项B“so”若填入，需改为“soitcan”，但so引导结果状语从句时，主句通常用一般时态，此处不符合。7.Thestudentsweresurprised_______theteacherannouncedtheexamwouldbenextweek.A.atB.forC.withD.by解析：本题考查介词搭配。句意为“当老师宣布下周要考试时，学生们很惊讶”，besurprisedatsth是固定搭配，表示“对某事感到惊讶”。B“for”、C“with”、D“by”均无此用法。A最符合，选A。干扰项B若填入，需改为“surprisedfortheexam”，但for无此搭配。8.IfI_______you,Iwouldstudyharderforthefinalexam.A.amB.wereC.beD.is解析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果我是你，我会为期末考试更努力学习”，表示对现在情况的假设，从句用一般过去时。A“am”、D“is”为一般现在时；C“be”缺少助动词。B“were”符合第二人称虚拟语气规则，选B。干扰项A若填入，从句应为“Iamyou”，但人称代词不能直接作be动词主语。9.Thebook_______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose解析：本题考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣”，先行词“thebook”指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that。C“who”指人；D“whose”作定语。A和B均可，但that在口语和书面语中更常用，故选B。干扰项C若填入，从句需改为“thatIborrowed”，但who不能指物。10.Thecompanydecidedto_______itsofficetoanewbuildingnextmonth.A.moveB.movingC.movedD.tomove解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意为“公司决定下个月把办公室搬到新楼”，decidetodosth是固定结构，表示“决定做某事”。A为动词原形；B为动名词；C为过去分词；D为不定式。故选A。干扰项B若填入，需改为“tomove”，但decide后只能跟不定式，不能跟动名词。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Myparentsalwaysremindme_______(nottoeat)toomuchjunkfood.解析：remindsb(not)todosth是固定结构，表示“提醒某人（不要）做某事”。填nottoeat。2.Thestudentsarediscussingtheproblem_______(how)theycanimprovetheirEnglish.解析：discusssth(how/what)aboutsth是固定搭配，表示“讨论某事（如何/关于什么）”。填how。3.Ifit_______(rain)tomorrow,wewillgohiking.解析：if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。填rains。4.Sheisthemost_______(polite)studentinourclass.解析：themost+形容词最高级。填polite。5.Theteacheraskedus_______(write)acompositionaboutourhometown.解析：asksbtodosth是固定结构。填towrite。6.Mybrotherisinterestedin_______(play)basketballafterschool.解析：beinterestedindoingsth是固定搭配。填playing。7.Theboy_______(watch)TVwhenIcamehomelastnight.解析：when引导时间状语从句，用一般过去时。填waswatching。8.Couldyoupleasetellme_______(be)thenearestwaytothestation?解析：tellsbhowtodosth是固定结构。填howtoget。9.Thebook_______(write)bymygrandfatherisverymeaningful.解析：定语从句，先行词book在从句中作宾语，用过去分词。填written。10.It’simportantforus_______(exercise)regularlytostayhealthy.解析：It’simportantforsbtodosth是固定结构。填toexercise。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Youshouldstudyharder_______youwanttopasstheexam.(×)解析：错误。because表示原因，此处应为so“所以”。2.Thegirlwhoissingingismysister.(√)解析：正确。who引导定语从句，指人且作主语。3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallhimimmediately.(√)解析：正确。表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句用一般过去时。4.Theman_______Ispoketolastnightisafamouswriter.(×)解析：错误。spoketosb时，sb需用宾格whom，或用that替代。5.Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano,soshepracticeseveryday.(×)解析：错误。so表示因果，此处应为although“尽管”。6.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryexpensive.(√)解析：正确。which引导定语从句，指物且作主语。7.Hetoldmethathewouldgotothepartyifitrained.(×)解析：错误。if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，应改为“ifitrains”。8.Thewoman_______youaretalkingtoismymother.(×)解析：错误。talkingtosb时，sb需用宾格whom，或用that替代。9.It’simportanttokeepahealthydietbecauseitcanhelpusstayhealthy.(√)解析：正确。because表示原因。10.Theboywhoissittingnearthewindowismybrother.(√)解析：正确。who引导定语从句，指人且作主语。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.HowcanyouimproveyourEnglishspeakingskills?参考答案：（1）Practicespeakingeverydaywithfriendsorlanguagepartners.（2）WatchEnglishmoviesandtrytorepeatthedialogues.（3）JoinanEnglishclubortakespeakingclasses.（4）ListentoEnglishsongsandpayattentiontopronunciation.解析：本题考查英语学习方法。答案需包含至少4个具体方法，涵盖口语练习、听力输入和社交互动，逻辑清晰。2.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttobeagoodstudent?参考答案：（1）Listencarefullyinclassandtakenotes.（2）Completehomeworkontimeandreviewregularly.（3）Askteachersquestionsifyoudon’tunderstand.（4）Readbooksandexpandyourknowledge.解析：本题考查学生行为规范。答案需包含学习态度、作业管理和课外学习三个方面，体现全面性。3.Whyisitimportanttoexerciseeveryday?参考答案：（1）Exercisecanimprovephysicalhealthandpreventdiseases.（2）Ithelpstorelievestressandimprovementalhealth.（3）Regularexercisecanmakeyoumoreenergetic.（4）Itcanhelpyoumaintainahealthyweight.解析：本题考查健康知识。答案需从生理和心理两方面说明锻炼的重要性，并列举具体益处。4.Howcanyouhelpyourparentsathome?参考答案：（1）Dohouseholdchoreslikecleaningorcooking.（2）Helpthemwithshoppingorerrands.（3）Talktothemandlistentotheirproblems.（4）Shareyourstudyprogressandseektheiradvice.解析：本题考查家庭责任。答案需包含具体行动和情感支持两方面，体现孝顺和沟通。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)todescribeyourdailyroutine.Includeatleastthreesentencesusingthestructures:-IfI_______(have)morefreetime,Iwould_______.-It’simportantto_______(exercise)everyday.-Thegirl_______(wear)abluedressismysister.参考答案：Iusuallywakeupat6:30a.m.andgotoschoolat7:30.IfIhavemorefreetime,Iwouldreadmorebooks.It’simportanttoexerciseeverydaytostayhealthy.Afterschool,Ihelpmyparentswithhousework.Thegirlwhowearsabluedressismysister.Sheisverykindandsmart.解析：本题考查综合运用语法结构的能力。答案需包含所有指定结构，且内容连贯，符合日常作息场景。2.Yourfriendislazyandalwaysmakesexcuses.Writehimashortemail(about80words)togiveadvice.Includeatleasttwosentencesusingthestructures:-Youshould_______(study)harderfortheexam.-Theboy_______(play)basketballisverytalented.参考答案：DearTom,Iknowyouareverysmart,butyoualwaysmakeexcusesanddon’tstudyhard.Youshouldstudyharderfortheexamifyouwanttopass.Theboywhoplaysbasketballisverytalented,andyoucanlearnfromhim.Trytobemoreresponsibleandworkharder.Ibelieveyoucandoit!Bestwishes,LiHua解析：本题考查写作和语法应用能力。答案需包含指定结构，且语气真诚，符合朋友间建议的场景。3.Imagineyouareinterviewingafamouswriter.Writedownthequestions(about60words)youwouldask.Includeatleastonesentenceusingthestructure:-Thebook_______(write)byherisverypopular.参考答案：4.Whatinspiredyoutobecomeawriter?5.Canyoutellusaboutyourlatestbook?6.Thebookwrittenbyyouisverypopular.Whatisthemainmessageyouwanttoconvey?7.Howdoyoubalanceyourworkandlife?解析：本题考查采访技巧和语法应用。答案需包含指定结构，且问题逻辑合理，符合采访场景。8.Yourschoolisorganizingacharityevent.Writeaposter(about60words)toinvitestudentstoparticipate.Includeatleastonesentenceusingthestructure:-Thegirl_______(help)thepooris