2026年天津市北师大版高中英语必修第二册第10单元词汇练习

2026年天津市北师大版高中英语必修第二册第10单元词汇练习一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunitfocusesonvocabularyrelatedtoenvironmentalprotection,askingstudentstochoosethecorrectwordtocompletethesentence:"Manypeoplearetryingtoreduce______toprotecttheplanet."Theoptionsare:A)polluteB)pollutionC)pollutedD)polluting.Answer:B)pollutionExplanation:Thesentencerequiresanountodescribethereductiontargetinenvironmentalprotection."Pollution"istheonlynounamongtheoptions,meaning"污染"."Pollute"(动词)means"污染","polluted"(形容词)means"被污染的",and"polluting"(动名词)means"污染的".ThecorrectanswerisB)pollution.2.Inthereadingpassage,astudentdiscussesthebenefitsofusingpublictransportation.Whichwordbestdescribesthefeelingofpeoplewhochoosethisoption?A)reluctantB)satisfiedC)confusedD)angry.Answer:B)satisfiedExplanation:Thepassagelikelyemphasizeshowpublictransportationhelpsreducepollutionandsavesmoney,leadingtopositivefeelings."Reluctant"(不情愿的)contradictsthecontext."Satisfied"(满意的)fitsthescenarioofmakingenvironmentallyfriendlychoices."Confused"(困惑的)and"angry"(生气的)areunrelatedtothepassage'stheme.3.Theunitintroducestheword"sustainable,"whichmeans"能够持续发展的".Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthisword?A)Weshouldusesustainabletocleantheriver.B)Sustainableisagoodwaytosaveenergy.C)Hissustainableideawontheaward.D)Sheboughtasustainablecaryesterday.Answer:D)SheboughtasustainablecaryesterdayExplanation:"Sustainable"isanadjectivedescribingsomethingthatcanlastlong-term.OptionDcorrectlymodifies"car".OptionAisgrammaticallyincorrect.OptionBuses"sustainable"asanoun,whichiswrong.OptionCisawkwardbecause"sustainableidea"isunnatural.4.Theunitincludesthephrase"carbonfootprint,"whichreferstotheamountofcarbondioxidereleasedbyhumanactivities.Whichsentenceusesthisphrasecorrectly?A)Hiscarbonfootprintisveryfriendly.B)Thecarbonfootprintoftreesishigh.C)Wemustreduceourcarbonfootprint.D)Thecarbonfootprintisanewword.Answer:C)WemustreduceourcarbonfootprintExplanation:"Carbonfootprint"isanounphrasemeaning"碳足迹".OptionCisgrammaticallycorrectandcontextuallyappropriate.OptionAisillogical.OptionBisincorrectbecausetreesabsorbcarbon.OptionDisincomplete.5.Theunitteachestheword"recycle,"whichmeans"回收利用".Whichsentencebestdescribesrecycling?A)Recyclingisawasteoftime.B)Recyclinghelpsprotectanimals.C)Recyclingisonlyforrichcountries.D)Recyclingisnotimportant.Answer:B)RecyclinghelpsprotectanimalsExplanation:Recyclingreduceswasteandconservesresources,indirectlyprotectingecosystemsandanimals.OptionAiswrong.OptionBalignswithenvironmentalgoals.OptionCisfalse.OptionDcontradictstheunit'sfocus.6.Theunitintroducestheidiom"gogreen,"meaning"采取环保措施".Whichsentenceusesthisidiomcorrectly?A)Shewentgreentobuyanewhouse.B)Hewentgreenbyusingreusablebags.C)Theywentgreenbecauseit'sexpensive.D)Thewentgreentoeatvegetables.Answer:B)HewentgreenbyusingreusablebagsExplanation:"Gogreen"meansadoptingeco-friendlyhabits.OptionBcorrectlydescribesusingreusablebags.OptionAisillogical.OptionCisunrelated.OptionDisgrammaticallyincorrect.7.Theunitincludestheword"renewable,"whichmeans"可再生的".Whichsentencebestdescribesrenewableenergy?A)Renewableenergycomesfromfossilfuels.B)Renewableenergyisexpensivetoproduce.C)Renewableenergycomesfromthesun,wind,orwater.D)Renewableenergyisnotusedincities.Answer:C)Renewableenergycomesfromthesun,wind,orwaterExplanation:Renewableenergysourcesarenaturalandsustainable.Solar,wind,andhydroelectricpowerarecommonexamples.OptionAisfalse.OptionBisdebatablebutnotthebestanswer.OptionDisincorrect.8.Theunitteachestheword"conserve,"whichmeans"保护".Whichsentenceusesthiswordcorrectly?A)Wemustconservetopollutetheriver.B)Sheconservewatereveryday.C)Heconserveenergybyturningofflights.D)Thegovernmentconserveforestsfortourism.Answer:C)HeconserveenergybyturningofflightsExplanation:"Conserve"isaverb.OptionCisgrammaticallycorrectandcontextuallyappropriate.OptionAisillogical.OptionBismissingthe"d".OptionDisincorrectbecause"conserve"isnotapassiveverb.9.Theunitintroducesthephrase"greenhousegases,"whichreferstogasesthattrapheatintheatmosphere.Whichsentencebestdescribesthesegases?A)Greenhousegaseshelpplantsgrowfaster.B)Greenhousegasesareonlyfoundincities.C)Greenhousegasesincludecarbondioxideandmethane.D)Greenhousegasesaregoodfortheenvironment.Answer:C)GreenhousegasesincludecarbondioxideandmethaneExplanation:Carbondioxideandmethanearemajorgreenhousegases.OptionAisfalse.OptionBisincorrect.OptionDcontradictstheunit'sfocus.10.Theunitteachestheword"biodiversity,"whichmeans"生物多样性".Whichsentencebestdescribesbiodiversity?A)Biodiversityisharmfultoecosystems.B)Biodiversityincludesmanydifferentspecies.C)Biodiversityisonlyfoundinoceans.D)Biodiversityisnotimportantforhumans.Answer:B)BiodiversityincludesmanydifferentspeciesExplanation:Biodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeforms.OptionBisthecorrectdefinition.OptionAisfalse.OptionCislimited.OptionDcontradictsecologicalprinciples.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Manypeoplearetryingto______(reduce)theircarbonfootprinttoprotecttheenvironment.Answer:reduceExplanation:Theverb"reduce"fitsthecontextofloweringpollution.2.Usingpublictransportationisa______(sustainable)waytoreducetrafficcongestion.Answer:sustainableExplanation:"Sustainable"describeseco-friendlypractices.3.Theunitfocusesonvocabularyrelatedto______(environmental)protectionandconservation.Answer:environmentalExplanation:"Environmental"istheadjectiveformneeded.4.Recyclinghelps______(conserve)naturalresourcesandreducewaste.Answer:conserveExplanation:"Conserve"meanstoprotectresources.5.Manycountriesareworkingto______(reduce)greenhousegasemissions.Answer:reduceExplanation:Theverb"reduce"fitsthecontextofpollutioncontrol.6.Theidiom"______(go)green"meansadoptingeco-friendlyhabits.Answer:goExplanation:"Gogreen"isafixedidiom.7.Renewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,are______(renewable).Answer:renewableExplanation:"Renewable"describesenergythatdoesn'trunout.8.Biodiversityisimportantbecauseitsupportsahealthy______(ecosystem).Answer:ecosystemExplanation:"Ecosystem"isthenounneeded.9.Thegovernmenthaslawsto______(protect)endangeredspeciesandtheirhabitats.Answer:protectExplanation:"Protect"meanstokeepsafe.10.Manypeopleusereusablebagsto______(reduce)plasticwaste.Answer:reduceExplanation:"Reduce"fitsthecontextofwastemanagement.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."Pollution"isanounmeaning"污染",while"pollute"isaverb.(True)Explanation:Thisisabasicgrammarrule.2."Gogreen"meanstobuyexpensiveproducts.(False)Explanation:"Gogreen"referstoeco-friendlyactions,notspending.3.Renewableenergycomesfromfossilfuelslikecoal.(False)Explanation:Fossilfuelsarenon-renewable.4.Biodiversityonlyexistsinforests,notincities.(False)Explanation:Biodiversityexistseverywherewithlifeforms.5."Conserve"meanstowasteresources.(False)Explanation:"Conserve"meanstoprotectresources.6.Greenhousegasesaregoodfortheenvironment.(False)Explanation:Theytrapheatandcauseclimatechange.7.Recyclingisonlyimportantindevelopedcountries.(False)Explanation:Recyclingbenefitsallnations.8."Carbonfootprint"referstotheamountofpollutionapersoncreates.(True)Explanation:Thisisthecorrectdefinition.9."Sustainable"meanssomethingthatcannotlastlong-term.(False)Explanation:"Sustainable"meanslong-lasting.10.Usingreusablebagsisnotawayto"gogreen".(False)Explanation:Itisacommoneco-friendlypractice.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Whatdoes"carbonfootprint"mean?Giveoneexampleofhowtoreduceit.Answer:"Carbonfootprint"istheamountofcarbondioxidereleasedbyhumanactivities.Example:Usingpublictransportationreducesit.Explanation:Thequestionasksforthedefinitionandareal-lifeapplication.2.Explainthemeaningof"gogreen"inyourownwords.Answer:"Gogreen"meansadoptingeco-friendlyhabits,likerecyclingorusingreusablebags.Explanation:Theanswershouldreflecttheidiom'smeaning.3.Whyis"renewableenergy"importantfortheenvironment?Answer:Itdoesn'tpolluteandwon'trunout,helpingprotecttheplanet.Explanation:Theanswershouldhighlightenvironmentalbenefits.4.Describeonewayrecyclinghelpstheenvironment.Answer:Recyclingreduceswasteandconservesnaturalresources.Explanation:Focusonakeybenefit.5.Whatis"biodiversity,"andwhyisitimportant?Answer:Biodiversityisthevarietyoflifeforms.It'simportantbecauseitsupportsecosystems.Explanation:Defineandexplainitsrole.6.Howdoes"conserve"differfrom"pollute"?Answer:"Conserve"meansprotectingresources,while"pollute"meansdirtyingthem.Explanation:Contrastthemeanings.7.Giveanexampleofa"greenhousegas"andexplainitseffect.Answer:Carbondioxidetrapsheat,causingglobalwarming.Explanation:Nameagasanditsimpact.8.Whyisitimportanttoreduceplasticwaste?Answer:Plasticwasteharmsanimalsandtakeshundredsofyearstodecompose.Explanation:Focusonenvironmentalharm.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Readthesentence:"Manypeoplearetryingtoreducetheircarbonfootprinttoprotecttheplanet."Rewriteitusingadifferentidiomrelatedtoenvironmentalprotection.Answer:"Manypeoplearegoinggreentoprotecttheplanet."Explanation:"Gogreen"isaneco-friendlyidiom.2.Describeascenariowheresomeone"goesgreen"intheirdailylife.Answer:Someoneusesreusablebags,bikesinsteadofdriving,andrecycles.Explanation:Providespecificeco-friendlyactions.3.Explainhowrenewableenergysourceslikesolarpowerhelptheenvironment.Answer:Solarpoweriscleanandreducesrelianceonfossilfuels.Explanation:Focusonenvironmentalbenefits.4.Whyisrecyclingimportantforcities?Answer:Itreduceslandfillwasteandsavesresources.Explanation:Highlighturbanbenefits.5.Describehow"biodiversity"affectsaforestecosystem.Answer:Diversespeciescreateabalancedecosystemwithfewerproblems.Explanation:Explaintheroleofbiodiversity.6.Givethreeexamplesof"greenhousegases"andtheirsources.Answer:Carbondioxide(cars),methane(farmers),nitrousoxide(factories).Explanation:Namegasesandtheirorigins.7.Howcanindividualshelp"conserve"naturalresources?Answer:Turnofflights,usewaterwisely,andplanttrees.Explanation:Providepracticalactions.8.Writeashortparagraph(4-5sentences)aboutwhy"reducingplasticwaste"isimportant.Answer:Plasticwasteharmswildlifeandpollutesoceans.Reducingithelpsecosystems.Italsosavesenergy.Explanation:Summarizekeyreasons.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B)pollutionExplanation:Thesentencerequiresanoun."Pollution"isthecorrecttermforcarbonreduction.2.B)satisfiedExplanation:Thepassagelikelydescribespositiveoutcomesofpublictransportation.3.D)SheboughtasustainablecaryesterdayExplanation:OnlyDuses"sustainable"correctlyasanadjective.4.C)WemustreduceourcarbonfootprintExplanation:Thesentenceisgrammaticallycorrectandcontextuallyappropriate.5.B)RecyclinghelpsprotectanimalsExplanation:Recyclingbenefitsecosystems,indirectlyprotectinganimals.6.B)HewentgreenbyusingreusablebagsExplanation:"Gogreen"fitsthecontextofeco-friendlyactions.7.C)Renewableenergycomesfromthesun,wind,orwaterExplanation:Thesearecommonrenewablesources.8.C)HeconserveenergybyturningofflightsExplanation:Thesentenceisgrammaticallycorrect.9.C)GreenhousegasesincludecarbondioxideandmethaneExplanation:Thesearemajorgreenhousegases.10.B)BiodiversityincludesmanydifferentspeciesExplanation:Thisisthecorrectdefinition.二、填空题1.reduceExplanation:Theverb"reduce"fitsthecontextofpollutioncontrol.2.sustainableExplanation:"Sustainable"describeseco-friendlypractices.3.environmentalExplanation:Theadjectiveformisneeded.4.conserveExplanation:"Conserve"meanstoprotectresources.5.reduceExplanation:Theverb"reduce"fitsthecontextofpollutioncontrol.6.goExplanation:"Gogreen"isafixedidiom.7.renewableExplanation:"Renewable"describesenergythatdoesn'trunout.8.ecosystemExplanation:"Ecosystem"isthenounneeded.9.protectExplanation:"Protect"meanstokeepsafe.10.reduceExplanation:"Reduce"fitsthecontextofwastemanagement.三、判断题1.TrueExplanation:Thisisabasicgrammarrule.2.FalseExplanation:"Gogreen"referstoeco-friendlyactions,notspending.3.FalseExplanation:Fossilfuelsarenon-renewable.4.FalseExplanation:Biodiversityexistseverywherewithlifeforms.5.FalseExplanation:"Conserve"meanstoprotectresources.6.FalseExplanation:Theytrapheatandcauseclimatechange.7.FalseExplanation:Recyclingbenefitsallnations.8.TrueExplanation:Thisisthecorrectdefinition.9.FalseExplanation:"Sustainable"meanslong-lasting.10.FalseExplanation:Itisacommoneco-friendlypractice.四、简答题1."Carbonfootprint"istheamountofcarbondioxidereleasedbyhumanactivities.Example:Usingpublictransportationreducesit.Explanation:Theanswershoulddefinethetermandprovideareal-lifeexample.2."Gogreen"meansadoptingeco-friendlyhabits,likerecyclingorusingreusablebags.Explanation:Theanswershouldreflecttheidiom'smeaning.3.Renewableenergysourceslikesolarpowerhelptheenvironmentbybeingcleanandreducingrelianceonfossilfuels.Explanation:Focusonenvironmentalbenefits.4.Recyclingisimportantforcitiesbecauseitreduceslandfillwasteandsavesresources.Explanation:Highlighturbanbenefits.5.Biodiversityaffectsaforestecosystembycreatingabalancedsystemwithfewerproblems.Explanation:E