2026年上海市人教版初中英语第12单元词汇测试

2026年上海市人教版初中英语第12单元词汇测试一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.The12thunitofthe2026ShanghaiPeople'sEducationPressjuniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookmainlyfocusesonwhichtopic?A.DailylifeinmoderncitiesB.TravelexperiencesindifferentcountriesC.EnvironmentalprotectionandsustainabledevelopmentD.Familyrelationshipsandculturaltraditions2.Inthe12thunit,theword"beyond"isusedtodescribetheboundarybetweentwoareas.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthisword?A.Theshopisbeyondthestreet.B.Shewalkedbeyondthetimelimit.C.Themountainisbeyondthesea.D.Hisideasarebeyondourunderstanding.3.Thephrase"takepridein"inthe12thunitmeans:A.BeangrywithB.FeelhappyaboutC.BetiredofD.Beinterestedin4.Whichsentencecorrectlyusestheword"challenge"?A.Heacceptedthechallengeofthemountain.B.Thechallengeisveryeasy.C.Sheisachallengetotheteam.D.Thechallengemadehimstronger.5.Theword"environmentallyfriendly"inthe12thunitrefersto:A.SomethingthatisharmfultotheenvironmentB.SomethingthatismadeofplasticC.SomethingthathelpsprotecttheenvironmentD.Somethingthatisexpensive6.Inthe12thunit,thesentence"Weshouldreducewastetoprotecttheplanet"useswhichgrammaticalstructure?A.Subject+verb+objectB.Subject+verb+complementC.Subject+verb+indirectobject+directobjectD.Subject+verb+infinitive7.Theword"sustainable"inthe12thunitmeans:A.Short-termB.Long-lastingC.UnhealthyD.Expensive8.Whichsentencecorrectlyusestheword"conserve"?A.Sheconservewatereveryday.B.Weshouldconserveenergytosavemoney.C.Thebookconservemanyimportantideas.D.Hisbehaviorconservetheenvironment.9.Thephrase"makeadifference"inthe12thunitmeans:A.DonothingB.ChangesomethingforthebetterC.BethesameasothersD.Bedifficulttounderstand10.Whichsentencecorrectlyusestheword"diverse"?A.Thecityisdiverseinculture.B.Hisideasarediverse.C.Theproblemisdiverse.D.Sheisdiverseinherinterests.二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.The12thunitteachesushowto______(protect)theenvironmentinourdailylife.2.Weshould______(reduce)plasticwastetohelptheplanet.3.Thenewpolicyaimsto______(promote)sustainabledevelopmentinthecommunity.4.Manypeople______(takepride)intheircountry'sculturalheritage.5.Thechallengeofclimatechangerequiresglobalcooperation.6.Weneedto______(conserve)waterandelectricitytosaveresources.7.Thecityis______(diverse)intermsoflanguageandcustoms.8.Smallactionscan______(makeadifference)inprotectingtheenvironment.9.Theunitencouragesstudentstothinkabouttheirroleinsociety.10.Manycountriesareworkingto______(reduce)pollutionandimproveairquality.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theword"beyond"inthe12thunitalwaysmeans"morethan"inquantity.2."Takepridein"meanstofeelangryaboutsomething.3.Thephrase"makeadifference"suggeststhatsmallactionsareuseless.4."Conserve"and"reduce"havethesamemeaninginthe12thunit.5.Theword"sustainable"referstosomethingthatistemporaryandshort-lived.6."Diverse"meansdifferentandvariedinthe12thunit.7.The12thunitfocusesonlyonenvironmentalprotection.8.Thesentence"Weshouldreducewastetoprotecttheplanet"usesaninfinitivestructure.9."Challenge"inthe12thunitalwaysreferstoadifficulttask.10.Theunitencouragesstudentstoignoretheirroleinsociety.四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthemeaningof"takepridein"andgiveanexamplesentence.2.Describethedifferencebetween"reduce"and"conserve."3.Whyis"sustainable"importantfortheenvironment?4.Howcan"diverse"beusedtodescribeacommunity?5.Whatdoes"makeadifference"meaninthecontextofthe12thunit?6.Howcanstudentscontributetoenvironmentalprotection?7.Explainthemeaningof"beyond"inthesentence"Themountainisbeyondthesea."8.Whyisitimportanttounderstand"challenge"inthe12thunit?五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5sentences)abouthowyoucanprotecttheenvironmentusingatleastthreewordsfromthe12thunit.2.Createadialoguebetweentwostudentsdiscussinghowtoreducewasteintheirschool.Useatleastfourwordsfromthe12thunit.3.Writeashortessay(8sentences)explainingwhy"sustainable"developmentisimportantforthefuture.Useatleastfivewordsfromthe12thunit.4.Describeachallengeyoufacedandhowyouovercameit.Usetheword"challenge"andanotherwordfromthe12thunit.5.Writeaparagraph(6sentences)aboutadiversecommunityyouknow.Usetheword"diverse"andanotherwordfromthe12thunit.6.Createashortstory(7sentences)abouthowsmallactionscanmakeadifference.Usethephrase"makeadifference"andanotherwordfromthe12thunit.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D-解析：第12单元主要围绕家庭关系和文化传统展开，涉及家庭价值观、文化习俗等内容。其他选项分别涉及城市生活、旅行和国家环境，与第12单元主题不符。2.C-解析："Themountainisbeyondthesea"正确表达了山在海的另一边，符合地理方位的描述。其他选项在语义或语法上不正确。3.B-解析："Takepridein"意为“为……感到自豪”，与B选项的“feelhappyabout”意思一致。其他选项在语义上不符。4.D-解析："Thechallengemadehimstronger"正确表达了挑战带来的成长，符合第12单元中克服困难的主题。其他选项在语法或语义上不正确。5.C-解析："Environmentallyfriendly"意为“环保的”，与C选项的“helpsprotecttheenvironment”意思一致。其他选项在语义上不符。6.A-解析："Subject+verb+object"结构在句子中正确，如"Weshouldreducewaste"（主语we+动词reduce+宾语waste）。其他选项在语法上不正确。7.B-解析："Sustainable"意为“可持续的”，与B选项的“long-lasting”意思一致。其他选项在语义上不符。8.B-解析："Weshouldconserveenergytosavemoney"正确表达了节约能源的意义，符合第12单元的主题。其他选项在语法或语义上不正确。9.B-解析："Makeadifference"意为“产生影响”，与B选项的“changesomethingforthebetter”意思一致。其他选项在语义上不符。10.A-解析："Thecityisdiverseinculture"正确表达了城市文化的多样性，符合第12单元的主题。其他选项在语法或语义上不正确。二、填空题1.protect-解析：根据第12单元主题，保护环境是重要内容，"protect"意为“保护”。2.reduce-解析：减少塑料垃圾是环保措施，"reduce"意为“减少”。3.promote-解析：促进可持续发展是政策目标，"promote"意为“促进”。4.takepride-解析：为国家的文化遗产感到自豪，"takepride"意为“为……感到自豪”。5.challenge-解析：气候变化的挑战需要全球合作，"challenge"意为“挑战”。6.conserve-解析：节约水和电是环保行为，"conserve"意为“节约”。7.diverse-解析：城市语言和习俗的多样性，"diverse"意为“多样的”。8.makeadifference-解析：小行动能产生影响，"makeadifference"意为“产生影响”。9.thinkabout-解析：鼓励学生思考社会角色，"thinkabout"意为“思考”。10.reduce-解析：减少污染和改善空气质量是环保目标，"reduce"意为“减少”。三、判断题1.×-解析："Beyond"在地理上意为“在……另一边”，在抽象意义上意为“超出”，并非总是“morethan”在数量上。2.×-解析："Takepridein"意为“为……感到自豪”，与“feelangryabout”意思相反。3.×-解析："Makeadifference"强调小行动的重要性，与“smallactionsareuseless”相反。4.×-解析："Conserve"强调节约和重复使用，"reduce"强调减少数量，两者意义不同。5.×-解析："Sustainable"意为“可持续的”，与“temporaryandshort-lived”相反。6.√-解析："Diverse"意为“不同的”，符合第12单元中描述文化多样性的主题。7.×-解析：第12单元涉及家庭关系和文化传统，不仅是环境保护。8.√-解析："Weshouldreducewastetoprotecttheplanet"使用不定式结构，符合语法规则。9.×-解析："Challenge"在单元中指困难任务，但也可指机会，并非总是困难。10.×-解析：单元鼓励学生思考社会角色，与“ignoretheirrole”相反。四、简答题1."Takepridein"meanstofeelhappyandsatisfiedaboutsomethingyouhavedoneorsomethingyoubelongto.Forexample:"Shetakesprideinherfamily'straditions."-解析：该题考查词汇理解和应用能力，"takepridein"表达对成就或归属的自豪感，需结合语境解释。2."Reduce"meanstomakesomethingsmallerinquantity,while"conserve"meanstosavesomethingforfutureuse.Forexample:"Weshouldreducewaste,butconservewater."-解析：该题考查词汇辨析能力，需对比两个词在环保语境中的不同用法。3."Sustainable"isimportantbecauseithelpsprotecttheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.Forexample:"Usingsolarenergyissustainable."-解析：该题考查词汇理解和环保意识，需解释可持续发展的意义和重要性。4."Diverse"candescribeacommunitywithmanydifferentcultures,languages,andcustoms.Forexample:"Ourschoolisdiverseinitsstudentpopulation."-解析：该题考查词汇应用能力，需结合社区多样性解释"diverse"的含义。5."Makeadifference"meanstochangesomethingforthebetter.Forexample:"Smallactionscanmakeadifferenceinprotectingtheenvironment."-解析：该题考查词汇理解和环保行动意识，需解释小行动的重要性。6.Studentscancontributetoenvironmentalprotectionbyreducingwaste,conservingresources,andparticipatingingreenactivities.-解析：该题考查应用能力，需结合环保措施解释学生的作用。7."Beyond"in"Themountainisbeyondthesea"means"ontheothersideof."Itdescribesthegeographicallocation.-解析：该题考查词汇在地理语境中的理解，需解释"beyond"的方位意义。8.Understanding"challenge"isimportantbecauseithelpsusfacedifficultiesandgrowstronger.Forexample:"ThechallengeoflearningEnglishmadehimmoredetermined."-解析：该题考查词汇在成长语境中的理解，需解释挑战的意义和作用。五、应用题1.Icanprotecttheenvironmentbyreducingplasticwaste,conservingwater,andplantingtrees.Theseactionshelpmakeourplanetsustainabl