考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷187

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷187

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

[A]Buttheheaviestusers,whowouldenduppayingmore,haveeveryreasonnotto

switch."Everyonehasalwaysregardedwaterasafreegood,"saysBarbaraYoung,the

headoftheEnvironmentAgency.Becauseofthat,officialshavebeenreluctanttoimpose

metersonanunwillingpopulation,althoughtherearepowerstodosoinanemergency.

Theyarefittedautomaticallytonewhomesandcanbeforcedonpeoplewhentheymove

house,buttake-uphasbeenslow.OFWATreckonsthatonlyaroundaquarterofhomes

usemeteredwater.[B]Atfirstglance,theprospectofadroughtinEnglandseemsabout

aslikelyasthatoffloodsintheSahara.ButthepopularperceptionofBritainasa

uniformlydankandsoddenislandismisleading.Thesouthofthecountrygetsthesame

amountofrainaspartsofSyria,andLondonisadriercitythanDallasorIstanbul.

Recently,theskieshavebeenunusuallyclear.Monthsofbelow-averagerainfallhave

raisedtheprospectofasummerdrought—theworstfordecadesinpartsofthesouth-east.

[C]Domesticuseaccountsfor70%ofthetotal,butthepricethatmostconsumerspayfor

water-unlikegasorelectricity-bearsnorelationtohowmuchtheyuse.Instead,costs

arefixedaccordingtothevalueofahouse,encouragingover-consumption.OFWAT,the

industryeconomicregulator,watercompaniesandgovernmenthavealltriedtopersuade

peopletoinstallwatermeters,mainlybyholdingouttheprospectoflowerbills.

|D|Ministersandwatercompaniesareagainencouragingeveryonetouselesswater.

Despitethesometimesunsavourynatureoftheadviceoffered—Britonshave,inthepast,

beenencouragedtorefrainfromflushingtoilets—suchexhortationsdoseemtowork:

ThamesWater,whichsuppliesLondonandlargepartsofsouthernEngland,reckonsthat

apublicitycampaignlastyearcauseda4%fallindemand.[E]Intheshortrun,notmuch

canbedone.Therune-readersattheMetOffice,Britain'sweather-forecast!ngcentre,

predictacold,dryFebruary.Eveniftherainsreturnlaterintheyear,theywillnothelp

much:greaterevaporationandthirstierplantsmeanthatlittlesummerrainmakesitinto

rivers.Butifadroughtpersuadesofficialsanduserstochangesomelazyoldhabits,it

maybenobadthing.[F]Thereareproblemsonthesupplysidetoo.Manyblamethe

watercompaniesfornotfixingleakypipes.Theseareabigproblem,especiallyin

London,wherepartsoftheinfrastructureareover150yearsold.ThamesWater,which

suppliesthecapital,reckonsathirdofthewateritpumpsintothesystemsoaksawayinto

theground.PartoftheproblemisthatOFWAT,withitsdutytokeeppriceslow,is

reluctanttoapprovethepricerisesneededtofundaproperreplacementprogramme—

althoughThamesplanstospend£1billionoverthenextfiveyearspatchingupand

replacingtheworstbitsofitsnetwork.[G]Frustratingly,noneoftheseworriesarenew.

OneofNewLabour'sfirstactsaftertakingofficein1997wasawatersummit,chairedby

JohnPrescott,thedeputyprimeminister,tocrackdownonleakageandencourage

efficientuseinthefaceofrisingdemand.Butprogresshasbeenglacial.Avoluntary

watcr-cfficicncycodeforhousebuildersisonlynowoutforconsultation,andMr

Prescott'splanstobuildhalfamillionnewhomesinthedriestbitofthecountryhave

raisedeyebrows.Manywaterfirmsplantobuildnewreservoirs,butthatwilltakeseveral

years.Order:

LIFEIH3.IH"I5.I

1、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：西无解析

4.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、

标准答案・F

知识点解析：暂无解析

[A]AmongthereasonsIwouldn'tsendmyownchildtoboardingschoolisthatbeing

aroundone'sadolescentpeers24hoursadaydoesn'tseemparticularlyhealthy.Itmakes

thethingsthatalreadyloomlargeinhighschool—grades,clothes,sports,heartache,

acne—loomevenlarger.Goinghomeatnightprovidesphysicaldistancefromthe

relentlessnessofallteenagers,allthetime,and,ideally,parentsprovideperspective.

Althoughtheymightbedorky,parentsknowanimportantlessonabouteverythingfrom

serioushazingtotheembarrassmentofdroppingalunchtrayinacrowdedcafeteria:

This,too,shallpass.[B]Certainlyteachersprovideanadultperspectiveatboarding

schools,butit'saveryunusualteacherwhoinfluencesanadolescentasmuchasthe

averageparentdoes.Furthermore,whilemanyboardingschoolteachersknock

themselvesoutonstudents'behalfnotjustbyteachingbutalsobycoachingandrunning

dorms,they'reunderminedbylesserteacherswho,ratherthanguidingstudentsoutof

teenagepettiness,seemthemselvestogetsuckeddownintoit.Thereisoneveryboarding

schoolcampussomevariationontheteacherwho,ifhe*snotactuallybuyingbeerto

ingratiatehimselfwiththepopularseniorguys,sureseemstowishhecould.[C]In1989,

whenIwas13andlivinginCincinnati,Iwagedaone-girlcampaigntopersuademy

motherandfathertoletmeattendGrotonSchoolinMassachusetts.Despitemyparents'

ambivalenceaboutboardingschool,theyultimatelyacquiesced,Iwent,andIreceiveda

verygoodeducation——notallofitacademic.Morethanadecadelater,Icouldn'tresist

settingmyfirstnovelataboardingschool.Nowatreadings,I'maskedifI'dsendmyown

childawaytoschool,andIsayno.|D|Forme,thequestionisn'twhyparentswouldn't

sendachildtoboardingschoolasmuchaswhytheywould.Unlessthereareeither

severeproblemsathomeorflat-outterriblelocalschools,Idon'tseethepoint.Evenin

thecaseofterribleschools,I'mnotconvincedthatparentscan'tsignificantlyaugment

theirchildren'seducation.Amongtheadvantagesofboardingschoolareopportunitiesfor

independence,academicstimulation,smallclasses,peercompanionshipandthe

aforementionedcampusbeauty—buteverysingleoneoftheseopportunitiesisavailable

atdozensofliberalartscolleges,sowhynotjustwaitafewyearsuntilthestudentwill

betterappreciatesuchgiftsandsave$140,000?|E|Theself-containmentofboarding

schoolscancreateterrariumsofprivilegeinwhichstudentsdevelopaskewedsenseof

moneyandhaveahardtimerememberingthat,infact,itisnotnormaltogoskiingin

Switzerlandjustbecauseit'sMarch,ortoreceiveanS.U.V.incelebrationofone's16th

birthday.At,forexample,ChoateRosemaryHall-oneofmanyboardingschools

startingclassesthisornextweek—room,boardandtuitionfor2005-2006is$35,360.If,

asChoate'sWebsiteexplains,27%ofstudentsreceivefinancialaid,thatmeanstheother

73%comefromfamiliesthatare,byjustaboutanystandardsexceptperhapstheirown,

veryrich.Evenwhentheseschoolsholdchapelservicesespousinghumilityandservice

toothers,it'sthecampusfacilities—thegleamingmultimillion-dollargymnasium,say一

thatcansendaloudermessage.[P]It'snotthatIseeboardingschoolsasevil.Ijustdon't

seethemasnecessary,anddespitetheiroftenself-congratulatoryrhetoric,Idon'tsee

themasnoble-certainlynomoresothanpublicschools.[G]Thepersonwhoasksthe

questionusuallyismiddle-agedanditseemshighlylikelythatmyquestioneralreadyis

orsoonwillbeaboarding-schoolparent.ButitturnsoutI'mnotalone:anincreasing

numberofparentsaredecidingagainstboardingschool.Enrollmentatprivateday

schoolshasgrown15%inthepastdecade,whileenrollmentatboardingschoolshas

grownonly2.7%,Overallboardingschoolenrollmentdroppedfromabout42,000inthe

late1960'sto39,000inthelastschoolyear-eventhough,accordingtotheCensus

Bureau,thepopulationof14-to17-year-oldswasmorethan1.5millionhigherin2004

thanin1968.Order:

11.G2.3.4.a5.F

6、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

Youshouldthinkseriouslyaboutworkingforayearortwobeforeyougotograduate

school.Onestudentsaidthathavingworkedfirstwas"essential"forhissuccessin

graduateschool.ManyofthepeopleIinterviewedsaidthatolderandmoremature

studentswhoreturnforagraduatedegreeafterworkinggetthroughfaster,haveless

troublewithdelay,andhaveself-respectgainedfromreal-worldaccomplishmentsthat

helpsthemdealwiththeinsecuritiesofthegraduateenvironment.Onemaster'sstudent

said,"Itwaseasytotellthepeoplewhohadworkedfirst.Theyweretheoneswhoknew

whattheyweredoing."1.RechargeyourbatteriesIfyouareuncertainaboutyour

commitment,orareexhaustedafterfouryearsofworkingforthegradestogetinto

graduateschool,takeayearoff.2.Learntheskillstheydidn'tteachyouincollegeIna

full-timejob,youarcforcedtomakedramaticchangesintheworkhabitsyoudeveloped

asanundergraduate.Youhavetoworksteadilyeveryday,insteadofinoccasionalfrantic

rushesatexamtime.Youlearntheimportanceofcarefulplanningtomeetdeadlinesand

todevelopJong-termprojects.Yourealizethatwhalseemedlikealolofworkwhenyou

wereanundergraduatewasnotagreatdealwhenmeasuredagainsttheamountyoucan

dowithconstantdailyapplication.3.DevelopconfidenceThecompetencyand

confidenceyougainonthejobwillhelpyoubreakoutofthinkingofyourselfasalowly

studentandoftheprofessorsassuperiorbeings.Formanyofyou,workwillactto

diminishyouranxietyaboutfindingyourwayintheworld.4.Investigateafieldthat

interestsyouWorkinginyourfieldcanhelpyoudeterminewhethertheareareally

interestsyou.Perhapsyoucanfindajobasaresearchorlaboratoryassistant.Doyoulike

research?Itwouldbegoodtofindoutnowbeforeyouarecommittedtograduateschool

andanacademiccareerofwhatamountstowritingendlesstermpapers.5.Develop

molivalionManypeoplereluniloschoolbecausetheyneedthedegreeforfurlhercareer

advancement.Forexample,onebiologist,afterworkingasaneditorforahighly

respectedtechnicaljournalforfouryears,whereshemademanyvaluablecontactsinthe

courseofworkingwithauthors,decidedtoreturnforherPh.D.sothatshecouldadvance

intomoreprestigiouspositions.Thecontactsshehadmadehelpedherwithhergraduate

schoolcareer.Certainlyyoudonothavetoworkfirst.Eventhoughmanypeoplestart

graduateschoolwithoutbeingprepared,foryouitmightmakesensetobegin

immediatelyaftergettingyourbachelor'sdegree.Onehumanitieschairmansaid,"If

you'reabsolutelyeager,goin.Anyhesitation,takeoffoneortwoyears."It'suptoyouto

decide.[A]Ahistorianwithamaster'sdegreetaughtforanumberofyearsatastate

universityinAlaskaandthendecidedtogetaPh.D.toimprovehisstatureinthe

university.Heusedhisconnectionstogetintoagoodschoolunderaprofessorhealready

knew,tookasabbatical,andcompletedhisdegreein20monthsofhardwork(8months

forthethesis).[B]Canyougetajobaftergraduateschool?Willyoudowell?Willyou

liketheworkingworld?Answeringthesequestionsbyworkingwillgiveyouthe

psychologicalfreedomtoapproachgraduateschoolwithoutfeelingitisyouronlyoption.

Yourwillknowthatifyoudon'tlikegraduateschool,youcanleaveandstillsurvive.

Perhapsyouwillfindthatyoulikeworksomuchthatyoudon'twanttogobacktoschool

afterall.|C]SeveralstudentsItalkedwithmadeitintograduateschoolandthenhita

seriousslumpbecausetheywereoutofenergy.Waittostartgraduateschooluntilyouare

highlymotivatedsothatyoucanbeginearningyourselfagoodreputationfromyourfirst

day.[D]APh.D.studentinhistorysaid,"Iwasluckytofindmythesistopicwhiledoing

anindependentstudy.Myadviserlikedit,soheaskedmetostayonashisgradstudent.

ItwasthesafestroutebecauseIalreadyknewIliketheguyandIwasalreadyintomy

thesiswork."[E]Ifyouwanttobeawriter,tryworkingforapublishinghousesoyou

canlearnaboutwhatgetspublishedandhow.Ifyouarcinterestedinarthistory,gettinga

jobinagalleryormuseumisanobviousstep.|F|Youcanalsoacquireorimprove

specificworkskills,likewordprocessingandlibraryresearch,andyoucanlearnsimple

tricksnecessarytogetefficientandrapidresults,likeusingmessengersorfaxmachines

whenyouareinapinch.

II、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

Thereisnosatisfactoryexplanationofstyle,noinfallibleguidetogoodwriting,no

assurancethatapersonwhothinksclearlywillbeabletowriteclearly.Thefollowing

principlesstatewhatmostofusknowandattimesforget.1.UsetheactivevoiceThe

activevoiceisusuallymoredirectandvigorousthanthepassive.Thisruledoesnot,of

course,meanthatthewritershoulddiscardthepassivevoice,whichisfrequently

convenientandsometimesnecessary.Thehabitualuseoftheactivevoicemakesfor

forciblewriting.Thisistruenotonlyinnarrativeconcernedprincipallywithactionbutin

writingofanykind.2.PutstatementsinpositiveformMakedefiniteassertions.Avoid

tame,colorless,hesitating,noncommittallanguages.Usethewordnotasameansof

denialorinantithesis,neverasameansofevasion.Consciouslyorunconsciously,the

readerisdissatisfiedwithbeingtoldonlywhatisnot;hewishestobetoldwhatis.

Hence,asarule,itisbettertoexpressevenanegativeinpositiveform.3.Usedefinite,

specific,concretelanguagePreferthespecifictothegeneral,thedefinitetothevague,the

concretetotheabstract.Ifthosewhohavestudiedtheartofwritingareinaccordonany

onepoint,itisonthis:thesurestwaytoarouseandholdtheattentionofthereaderisby

beingspecific,definite,andconcrete.Thegreatestwriters-Home,Dante,Shakespeare一

areeffectivelargelybecausetheydealinparticularandreportthedetailsthatmatter.

Theirwordscalluppictures.4.OmitneedlesswordsVigorouswritingisconcise.A

sentenceshouldcontainnounnecessarywords,aparagraphnounnecessarysentences,for

thesamereasonthatadrawingshouldhavenounnecessarylinesandamachineno

unnecessaryparts.Thisrequiresnotthatthewritermakeallhissentencesshort,orthathe

avoidalldetailandtreathissubjectsonlyinoutline,butthateverywordtell.5.Use

figuresofspeechsparinglyThesimileisacommondeviceandausefulone,butsimiles

cominginrapidfire,onerightontopofanother,aremoredetractingthanilluminating.

Styleisanincrementinwriting.WhenwespeakofFitzgerakfsstyle,wedon'tmeanhis

commandoftherelativepronoun,wemeanthesoundhisword