2026年广东省北师大版高一英语上册第11单元阅读理解专项训练

2026年广东省北师大版高一英语上册第11单元阅读理解专项训练一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorprimarilyuseswhichrhetoricaldevicetoexplainhowtreescommunicatewitheachother?A)MetaphorB)PersonificationC)HyperboleD)Alliteration.ThecorrectanswerisB.Thepassagevividlydescribestreesas"talking"toeachother,usinghuman-likebehaviorssuchassendingchemicalsignalsthroughroots,whichisaclearexampleofpersonification.Metaphor(A)wouldimplyadirectcomparisonwithouthumanattributes,hyperbole(C)wouldinvolveexaggerationbeyondreality,andalliteration(D)focusesonsoundrepetition,noneofwhichalignswiththetext'stechnique.2.Accordingto"GlobalWarming:FactsandFears,"whatisthemaincauseoftheincreasingconcentrationofCO₂intheatmosphere?A)VolcaniceruptionsB)HumanindustrialactivitiesC)OceanabsorptionD)Solarflares.ThecorrectanswerisB.Thearticlecitesscientificdatashowingthatburningfossilfuels,deforestation,andindustrialprocesseshavedramaticallyincreasedatmosphericCO₂sincetheIndustrialRevolution,farexceedingnaturalsourceslikevolcanoesorsolaractivity.3.In"ThePowerofKindness,"theauthorarguesthatactsofkindnesscanhavewhichlong-termeffectonsociety?A)DecreaseeconomicproductivityB)SpreadnegativityC)StrengthencommunitybondsD)Causepoliticalunrest.ThecorrectanswerisC.Thepassageprovidesexamplesofhowsmallactsofkindnesscreatearippleeffect,fosteringtrustandcooperationincommunities,asevidencedbystudiesonsocialpsychology.4."TheArtofTimeManagement"emphasizeswhichkeystrategyforstudents?A)AvoidingallbreaksB)MultitaskingasmuchaspossibleC)PrioritizingtasksbasedonimportanceD)Workingonlyduringnighthours.ThecorrectanswerisC.ThearticleexplainstheEisenhowerMatrix,suggestingstudentsfocusonurgentandimportanttasksfirst,ratherthanwastingtimeonlow-priorityactivitiesorattemptingtodoeverythingatonce.5.In"ExploringtheAmazonRainforest,"whatdoesthepassagehighlightasthemostsignificantthreattobiodiversityinthisecosystem?A)TourismdevelopmentB)ClimatechangeC)IllegalloggingD)Localwildlifehunting.ThecorrectanswerisC.Thetextdetailshowdeforestationfortimberandagriculturehasdestroyedhabitats,leadingtospeciesextinction,withloggingbeingthemostdestructivehumanactivity.6."TheRoleofTechnologyinEducation"discusseshowdigitaltoolscanimprovelearning.Whichexampleisgiveninthepassage?A)ReducingclasssizesB)EnhancinginteractiveengagementthroughsimulationsC)IncreasinghomeworkassignmentsD)Eliminatingtraditionaltextbooks.ThecorrectanswerisB.Thearticlecitescasestudieswherevirtuallabsandeducationalappshavemadecomplexsubjectslikephysicsmoreaccessiblethroughhands-onsimulations.7.In"HealthyEatingHabits,"theauthoradvisesagainstwhichfoodchoiceformaintainingenergylevels?A)WholegrainsB)SugarysnacksC)FruitsandvegetablesD)Leanproteins.ThecorrectanswerisB.Thepassageexplainshowrefinedsugarscauserapidenergyspikesandcrashes,unlikenaturalsugarsinfruitsorcomplexcarbsingrains.8."TheHistoryofAncientRome"describeshowtheRomanEmpireexpanded.Whichfactorwasmostcrucialtoitssuccess?A)AdvancedmilitarytacticsB)ReligioustoleranceC)EconomictradedominanceD)Politicaldemocracy.ThecorrectanswerisA.ThetextdetailsRome'smilitaryinnovations,suchaslegionsandengineering,whichallowedthemtoconquervastterritories.9.In"TheImpactofSocialMedia,"whatconcerndoestheauthorraiseaboutexcessiveuse?A)ImprovedcommunicationskillsB)IncreasedjobopportunitiesC)MentalhealthissuesD)Enhancedcreativity.ThecorrectanswerisC.Thearticlereferencesstudieslinkingsocialmediaaddictiontoanxiety,depression,andpoorsleeppatterns.10."TheScienceofSleep"explainswhyadequaterestisessential.Whichfunctionofsleepisdescribed?A)BuildingmusclemassB)StrengtheningtheimmunesystemC)EnhancingmemoryretentionD)Increasingmetabolism.ThecorrectanswerisC.Thepassagecitesresearchshowingthatsleephelpsconsolidatememoriesbyreplayingneuralactivityduringtheday.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthormentionsthattreescancommunicatethrough_______signalssentthroughundergroundnetworks.Answer:chemicalExplanation:Thepassagedescribeshowtreesreleaseethylenegasorotherchemicalstowarnneighboringtreesofpestattacks,demonstratingchemicalcommunication.2.Accordingto"GlobalWarming:FactsandFears,"themeltingofpolaricecapscontributestorisingsealevelsbecauseof_______andthermalexpansion.Answer:land-basedwaterExplanation:Thetextexplainsthaticedisplacedfromglaciersandicesheetsaddswatertooceans,whilewarmingcauseswatertoexpand.3."ThePowerofKindness"includesastudyshowingthat70%ofparticipantsreportedincreasedhappinessafterperforming_______actsweekly.Answer:randomExplanation:Thearticlereferencesasurveywhereparticipantswhoperformedunexpectedkindnessesexperiencedgreaterwell-being.4."TheArtofTimeManagement"suggestsbreakingtasksintosmallerstepstoavoid_______andimprovefocus.Answer:procrastinationExplanation:Thepassageadvisesstudentstotacklelargeassignmentsbydividingthemintomanageablechunkstopreventavoidance.5.In"ExploringtheAmazonRainforest,"thepassagenotesthatapproximately10%oftheworld'sspeciesarefoundinthisecosystem,makingitacriticalareafor_______.Answer:biodiversityconservationExplanation:Thetexthighlightstherainforest'sroleasaglobalbiodiversityhotspotandtheneedtoprotectit.6."TheRoleofTechnologyinEducation"discusseshowAI-poweredtutoringsystemscanadapttoeachstudent'slearning_______forpersonalizedfeedback.Answer:paceExplanation:Thearticleexplainsthatadaptivelearningplatformsadjustdifficultybasedonindividualprogress.7."HealthyEatingHabits"recommendsconsuming_______foodstostabilizebloodsugarlevelsandpreventenergycrashes.Answer:fiber-richExplanation:Thepassageemphasizeswholegrains,legumes,andvegetablesasidealchoices.8."TheHistoryofAncientRome"describeshowtheRomanaqueductswerebuiltusingadvanced_______techniquestotransportwateroverlongdistances.Answer:engineeringExplanation:ThetextdetailsRomanengineeringfeats,includingarchesandtunnels,toconstructthesewatersystems.9.In"TheImpactofSocialMedia,"theauthorcitesareportshowingthat45%ofteenagersfeelanxiouswhentheycannotaccesstheir_______accounts.Answer:socialmediaExplanation:ThepassagediscussesdependencyonplatformslikeInstagramorTikTokforself-worth.10."TheScienceofSleep"explainsthatthebrainduringREMsleepisasactiveaswhenapersonis_______duetovividdreaming.Answer:awakeExplanation:ThearticlecomparesREMsleepbrainactivitytowakefulness,highlightingitsimportance.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."TheSecretLifeofTrees"statesthatallplantscancommunicatewitheachother,notjusttrees.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagespecificallyfocusesontrees'complexcommunicationsystems,notallplants.2.Accordingto"GlobalWarming:FactsandFears,"CO₂levelshaveremainedstableoverthepastcentury.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:ThearticleclearlystatesthatCO₂concentrationshaverisensharplysincetheIndustrialRevolution.3."ThePowerofKindness"mentionsthatkindnessonlybenefitstherecipient,notthegiver.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextcitesstudiesshowingthatperformingkindnessimprovesthegiver'smoodandhealth.4."TheArtofTimeManagement"suggeststhatmultitaskingisthemostefficientwaytocompleteassignments.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagewarnsthatmultitaskingreducesproductivityandqualityofwork.5.In"ExploringtheAmazonRainforest,"theauthorclaimsthatdeforestationhasnoimpactonglobalclimatepatterns.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextexplainshowrainforestdestructioncontributestocarbonemissionsandclimatechange.6."TheRoleofTechnologyinEducation"statesthattraditionalclassroomsarecompletelyobsoleteduetodigitaltools.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:Thearticlediscussestechnologyasasupplement,notareplacement,forin-personlearning.7."HealthyEatingHabits"advisesdrinkingsodadailyasitprovidesessentialhydration.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagecriticizessugarydrinksforhealthrisks,recommendingwaterinstead.8."TheHistoryofAncientRome"claimsthatRome'sdeclinewascausedsolelybyinternalpoliticalcorruption.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:ThetextattributesRome'sfalltomultiplefactors,includingeconomiccollapseandinvasions.9.In"TheImpactofSocialMedia,"theauthorsuggeststhatsocialmediaplatformsarebeneficialformentalhealth.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagehighlightsnegativeeffectslikeanxietyandcomparisonculture.10."TheScienceofSleep"assertsthatsleepingforlessthan6hoursissufficientforhighperformance.TrueorFalse?Answer:FalseExplanation:Thearticleemphasizestheneedfor7-9hoursofsleepforoptimalcognitivefunction.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainhowtreescommunicatewitheachotherin"TheSecretLifeofTrees."Answer:Treescommunicatethroughundergroundfungalnetworkscalledmycorrhizae,sharingnutrientsandwarningsignalsviachemicalsignalslikeethylenegas.Theyalsousephloemsaptotransfersugarsandwateroverlongdistances.2.Whatarethemaincausesofglobalwarmingaccordingto"GlobalWarming:FactsandFears"?Answer:Theprimarycausesareburningfossilfuels(coal,oil,gas),deforestation,industrialprocesses,andagriculturalemissions(methaneandnitrousoxide).Theseactivitiesincreasegreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.3.Describeoneexampleofkindnessthatcanstrengthencommunitybondsasdiscussedin"ThePowerofKindness."Answer:Thepassagementionsaneighborhoodinitiativewhereresidentsrandomlyleavepositivenotesorsmallgiftsforstrangers,leadingtoincreasedtrustandsocialinteraction.4.Howdoes"TheArtofTimeManagement"suggestprioritizingtaskseffectively?Answer:ThearticlerecommendstheEisenhowerMatrix:categorizingtasksasurgent/important(donow),important/noturgent(schedule),urgent/notimportant(delegate),andneither(eliminate).5.WhatisthebiggestthreattobiodiversityintheAmazonRainforest,asdescribedin"ExploringtheAmazonRainforest"?Answer:Themostsignificantthreatisillegallogging,whichdestroyshabitats,fragmentsecosystems,anddrivesspeciesextinction.6.Howcantechnologyimprovelearningexperiencesinclassrooms,accordingto"TheRoleofTechnologyinEducation"?Answer:Technologyenhancesengagementthroughinteractivesimulations(e.g.,virtuallabs),personalizedlearningplatformsthatadapttostudentneeds,andcollaborativetoolslikedigitalwhiteboards.7.Whatarethreehealthyeatinghabitsrecommendedin"HealthyEatingHabits"?Answer:Thepassagesuggestseatingwholegrains(e.g.,brownrice),consumingfiber-richfoods(e.g.,fruits,vegetables),andlimitingprocessedsugarsandunhealthyfats.8.WhatroledidmilitarytacticsplayintheexpansionoftheRomanEmpire,asexplainedin"TheHistoryofAncientRome"?Answer:Rome'slegionsusedadvancedtacticslikethetestudo(tortoise)formationfordefense,disciplinedtraining,andengineeringprowesstobuildroadsandforts,enablingthemtoconquervastterritoriesefficiently.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Imagineyouareastudentstrugglingwithtimemanagement.Using"TheArtofTimeManagement,"outlineaweeklyschedulethatbalancesstudying,extracurriculars,andrest.Answer:-Monday:Studymath(2hours),joinsportspractice(1hour),read(30mins).-Tuesday:Scienceproject(1.5hours),freetime(1hour),sleep8hours.-Wednesday:Historyhomework(1hour),musicclass(1hour),lightexercise(30mins).-Thursday:Englishessay(2hours),socializewithfriends(1hour),sleep8hours.-Friday:Relax,watchamovie(1hour),sleep8hours.-Saturday:Volunteer(2hours),sleep9hours.-Sunday:Reviewweek'slessons(1hour),plannextweek(30mins),sleep8hours.2."GlobalWarming:FactsandFears"mentionsrisingsealevels.Describehowcoastalcitiescanadapttothisthreat.Answer:Citiescanbuildseawallsandlevees,implementfloodbarriers,restorenaturalbarrierslikemangroves,anddevelopelevatedinfrastructure.Additionally,theyshouldenforcestrictbuildingcodestoavoidconstructioninhigh-riskzones.3.Youareateacherpreparingalessonon"TheSecretLifeofTrees."Howwouldyouusemultimediatoolstoengagestudents?Answer:Showadocumentaryclipontreecommunication,useaninteractivesimulationtodemonstraterootnetworks,andassignagroupprojectwherestudentscreateadiagramofhowtreesshareresources.4."ThePowerofKindness"suggestskindnesscanreducestress.Designaschoolcampaigntopromotethisidea.Answer:Organizea"KindnessWeek"withdailychallenges(e.g.,"complimentsomeone,""helpaclassmate"),createakindnesswallfornotes,andinviteapsychologisttospeakaboutkindnessbenefits.5.ExplainhowdeforestationintheAmazonaffectsglobalclimatepatterns,asdiscussedin"ExploringtheAmazonRainforest."Answer:TreesabsorbCO₂,agreenhousegas.Deforestationreducesthisabsorption,increasingatmosphericCO₂.Additionally,fewertreesmeanlessrainfall,disruptingweatherpatternsworldwide.6."TheRoleofTechnologyinEducation"highlightsAItutoring.Howcouldaschoolintegratethisintoitscurriculum?Answer:ProvidestudentswithaccesstoAIplatformsforpersonalizedhomeworkhelp,scheduleweeklysessionswithAItutorsforstrugglingstudents,andtrainteacherstouseAItoolsforlessonplanning.7."HealthyEatingHabits"emphasizesbalancednutrition.Writeaone-daymealplanforastudentathlete.Answer:-Breakfast:Oatmealwithbananaandalmondmilk.-Lunch:Grilledchicken,quinoa,andsteamedbroccoli.-Snack:Greekyogurtwithberries.-Dinner:Bakedsalmon,sweetpotato,andgreensalad.-Hydration:Waterthroughouttheday.8."TheHistoryofAncientRome"mentionsRome'sengineeringachievements.CompareRomanaqueductstomodernwatersystems.Answer:Romanaqueductsusedgravityandarchestotransportwateroverlongdistances,whilemodernsystemsusepipes,pumps,andtreatmentpla