2026秋新外研版九年级英语上册-各单元语法（合集）

外研版（2024）九年级英语上册·各单元语法【清晰明白篇】外研版九上六单元语法总览单元单元主题核心语法Unit1Teenagerstoday（当代青少年）条件状语从句（if）&原因状语从句（because）Unit2Onthemoney（金钱话题）时间状语从句（when/while/assoonas）&让步状语从句（although/though）Unit3Pastpassingby（历史遗迹）结果状语从句（so...that/such...that）&目的状语从句（sothat/inorderthat）Unit4Heroes（英雄人物）定语从句—who/whom/whose引导（关系代词指人）Unit5Afinebalance（生态平衡）定语从句—that/which引导（关系代词指物）&关系副词when/where/whyUnit6Livegreen（绿色生活）构词法（前缀&后缀）注：以下个别单元语法稍有拓展，可参考使用Unit1Teenagerstoday——条件状语从句（if）&原因状语从句（because）一、状语从句用一个句子做状语来修饰主句，表示主句发生的时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等。状语从句由从属连词引导，位置可前可后。从句在前时用逗号，从句在后时不用逗号。二、条件状语从句（if）1.核心含义if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，描述满足某条件后会发生的结果。if引导的从句表示实现主句动作的前提。2.结构If+从句（条件），主句（结果）

或

主句+if+从句（条件）3.四大时态规则主句类型主句时态从句时态例句主将从现一般将来时（will+do）一般现在时Ifit

rains

tomorrow,we

willstay

athome.主情从现情态动词+动词原形一般现在时You

can

gooutifyou

finish

yourhomework.主祈从现祈使句（动词原形）一般现在时Ifyou

see

him,

give

himthismessage.主现从现一般现在时一般现在时Ifyou

heat

ice,it

melts.（客观事实/真理）4.语序与标点规则If从句在前：从句末尾加逗号Ifitrains,wewillstayathome.If从句在后：不加逗号Wewillstayathomeifitrains.6.if与unless的转换（拓展）结构含义例句unless+肯定句除非……（=if...not）Youwon‘tpass

unless

youstudy.if...not如果不……Youwon’tpass

ifyoudon‘tstudy.注意：unless本身含有否定意义，从句中不用否定式7.真实条件句vs虚拟条件句（拓展，仅供了解或忽略）类型含义if从句时态主句时态例句真实条件句可能实现的条件一般现在时将来时/情态动词/祈使句Ifitrains,Iwillstayhome.虚拟条件句与事实相反（非真实）过去式（were）would/could+doIfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.九年级重点掌握真实条件句，虚拟语气补充了解即可。三、原因状语从句（because）1.核心含义because意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句，表示主句行为直接、根本的原因。2.结构主句+because+从句（原因）

或

Because+从句，主句3.回答why提问—Whyareyoulate?—BecauseImissedthebus.4.because不能与so连用正确错误BecauseIwastired,Iwenttobed.BecauseIwastired,

so

Iwenttobed.Iwastired,soIwenttobed.—5.because/since/as/for四者区别连词语气强度位置用法例句because最强主句前后均可直接原因，回答whyIstayedhome

because

itrained.since较强常在句首已知或显然的理由（既然）Since

everyoneishere,let’sstart.as中等常在句首附带说明原因（由于）As

itwaslate,wewenthome.for最弱常在句后补充说明/推断理由（并列连词）Itrained,

for

thegroundiswet.特点：because直接答why，since既然在句首，as由于来补充，for只是附解释。6.becauseof（介词短语）because+

从句becauseof+

名词/代词/动名词Wecouldn‘tgoout

because

itrained.（从句）Wecouldn’tgoout

becauseof

therain.（名词短语）四、本单元重点词汇与句型句型/结构用法例句if...not/unless如果不……Unlessyouworkhard,youwillfail.because/becauseof因为……Hedidn‘tcomebecauseofthebadweather.so/such如此……以致于Itwassocoldthatwestayedinside.Unit2Onthemoney——时间状语从句&让步状语从句一、时间状语从句1.核心含义用表示时间的连词连接从句，说明主句动作发生的时间。2.常用引导词（按含义分类）引导词含义例句when当……时（可指短暂或持续性动作）Iwillcallyou

when

Iarrive.while在……期间（强调主从句动作同时发生，后接持续性动词）Sheread

while

Iwascooking.as一边……一边……（强调伴随）Hesang

as

hewalked.assoonas一……就……（强调紧接着发生）Callme

assoonas

yougethome.before在……之前Finishyourhomework

before

yougoout.after在……之后Weplayed

after

wefinishedwork.until/till直到……（主句动词需为延续性动词）Waithere

until

Icomeback.since自从……（主句用现在完成时）Ihavelivedhere

since

Iwasborn.whenever每当……Whenever

Iseeher,Ismile.3.when/while/as三者区别引导词用法例句when可指时间点或时间段；可接短暂动词或延续动词WhenI

arrived,shewascooking./WhenI

lived

inLondon,Ivisitedmanyparks.while指时间段；只接延续性动词；强调“在……期间”WhileI

wasreading,hecamein.as强调“一边……一边……”或“随着……”Shesangasshewalked./AsIgrowolder,Iunderstandmore.4.时间状语从句同样遵循“主将从现”原则Iwilltellhim

when

he

comes.Hewillwaithere

until

she

returns.IwillcallyouassoonasI

get

home.5.时间状语从句中“主祈从现”表建议PleasewaithereuntilI

come

back.Don‘tleavebeforehe

arrives.二、让步状语从句1.核心含义表示“虽然、尽管、即使”等让步关系，引导词包括although,though,eventhough,evenif,while（置于句首表让步）等。2.常用引导词引导词含义例句although虽然（正式）Although

itrained,westillwentout.though虽然（口语常用）Though

hewastired,hekeptworking.eventhough即使（强调程度）Eventhough

Iwastired,Istayedup.evenif即使（强调假设）Evenif

itrains,wewillgo.while虽然（置于句首，表对比）While

Ilikesinging,Ican‘tdance.3.核心规则although/though/eventhough不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用。正确错误Althoughitrained,we

still

wentout.Althoughitrained,

but

wewentout.Thoughhewastired,he

yet

keptworking.Thoughhewastired,

but

hekeptworking.Althoughshewasbusy,shehelpedme.Althoughshewasbusy,

but

shehelpedme.5.eventhoughvsevenif辨析引导词含义强调例句eventhough即使（事实）强调已经存在的事实Eventhoughhewasill,hecame.（他确实病了）evenif即使（假设）强调假设的情况Evenifitrains,wewillgo.（不一定会下雨）Unit3Pastpassingby——结果状语从句&目的状语从句一、结果状语从句1.核心含义表示主句行为导致的结果，常用引导词：so...that,such...that。2.区别结构用法例句so+形容词/副词+thatso修饰形容词/副词Heran

sofastthat

Icouldn‘tcatchhim.such+(a/an)+形容词+名词+thatsuch修饰名词Itwas

suchahotdaythat

wewentswimming.3.常用结构结构公式例句so+adj+thatso+形容词+that从句Thebookis

sointerestingthat

Ican’tputitdown.so+adv+thatso+副词+that从句Hespoke

sofastthat

Icouldn‘tunderstand.so+many/few+复数名词+thatso+many/few+n.(pl.)+thatTherewere

somanypeoplethat

wecouldn’tgetin.so+much/little+不可数名词+thatso+much/little+n.(u.)+thatHehad

solittlemoneythat

hecouldn‘tbuyfood.such+a/an+adj+单数名词+thatsuch+a/an+adj+n.(sing.)+thatSheis

suchakindgirlthat

everyonelikesher.such+adj+复数名词+thatsuch+adj+n.(pl.)+thatTheyare

suchgoodstudentsthat

theteacherlovesthem.such+adj+不可数名词+thatsuch+adj+n.(u.)+thatItwas

suchterribleweatherthat

westayedhome.4.so与such辨析（拓展）规则例句so+形容词（+a/an）+名词sobeautiful(agirl)such+a/an+形容词+名词suchabeautifulgirlso+many/much/few/little+名词somanypeoplesuch+形容词+复数/不可数名词suchbeautifulflowers

/

suchgoodweather5.结果状语从句的简化形式（soasto/suchasto）Hewas

so

kind

asto

helpme.Herbehaviourwas

suchasto

makeeveryoneangry.二、目的状语从句1.核心含义表示主句行为的目的，常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat。2.结构主句+sothat/inorderthat+从句（目的）3.与结果状语从句的核心区别（必考！）类型引导词从句常见特征含义例句结果状语so...that/such...that无can/could/would；结果已发生结果……了Hewassotired

that

hefellasleep.目的状语sothat/inorderthat常有can/could/will/would为了……Heworkedhard

sothat

he

could

pass.4.目的状语从句中情态动词的选择情态动词用法例句can/will现在或将来的目的IgetupearlysothatI

can

catchthebus.could/would过去的目的Hesavedmoneysothathe

could

buyacar.may/might正式文体Shestudieshardsothatshe

may

succeed.5.目的状语从句的简化形式（soasto/inorderto）Hegotupearly

soasto

catchthetrain.（=sothathecouldcatch）Sheworkshard

inorderto

getgoodgrades.（=inorderthatshecanget）Iwenttothestore

tobuy

somemilk.（不定式表目的，最简单的形式）注意：

soasto

不能放在句首，而inorderto

可以放在句首。Inordertocatchthetrain,hegotupearly.

Soastocatchthetrain,hegotupearly.

Unit4Heroes——定语从句（who/whom/whose引导，指人）一、定语从句基本概念概念说明示例先行词被定语从句修饰的名词或代词Theboy

who

savedherisahero.关系词连接主句和从句，指代先行词，在从句中充当成分who/whom/whose/that/which从句用陈述语序，紧跟先行词之后...who

savedher...定语从句的作用：

相当于一个后置的大形容词，用来修饰限定先行词。二、who引导的定语从句1.核心用法who

只指人，在从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。在从句中的成分例句关系词能否省略作主语Theman

who

istalkingismyteacher.不能省略作宾语Thegirl

who

Imetyesterdayiskind.可以省略2.例句Thehero

who

savedthechildisafirefighter.Sheistheperson

who

Iadmiremost.Thestudents

who

helpedmearefromClass1.三、whom引导的定语从句1.核心用法whom

只指人，在从句中只能作宾语，是who的宾格形式，常用于正式文体。在从句中的成分例句关系词能否省略作宾语Theman

whom

youmetismyuncle.可以省略2.介词提前时，whom不能省略Theperson

towhom

Ispokeismyteacher.

（正式）Theperson

who/whom

Ispoketoismyteacher.

（日常）区别：

介词提前（towhom）时只能用whom；介词在句末时可用who或whom。3.who与whom的选择用法例句说明作主语whoTheman

who

livesnextdoorisadoctor.只能用who作宾语（介词在句末）who/whomTheman

who/whom

Imetisadoctor.均可，who更常用作宾语（介词提前）whomTheman

towhom

Ispokeisadoctor.只能用whom四、whose引导的定语从句1.核心用法whose

表“……的”，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。指代对象例句说明指人Theboy

whose

fatherisadoctorismyfriend.=theboy’sfather指物Thisisthebook

whose

coverisred.=thebook‘scover2.whose的替代形式（指物时）指物替换形式例句whose+名词ofwhich+the+名词/the+名词+ofwhichThebookwhosecoverisred.=Thebook

ofwhichthecover

isred.注：九年级重点掌握whose的基本用法即可，替换形式作为了解。五、所有关系代词（指人/物）一览表关系词指代对象在从句中的成分例句who人主语/宾语Sheisthewoman

who

helpedme.whom人宾语（正式）Heistheman

whom

Irespect.whose人/物定语Theboy

whose

motherisanurse.that人/物主语/宾语Thisisthebook

that

Ibought.which物主语/宾语Thisisthebook

which

Ibought.Unit5Afinebalance——定语从句（that/which引导，指物）&关系副词一、that与which的基本用法关系词指代对象在从句中的成分例句which物主语/宾语Thisisthebook

which

Ibought.that人或物主语/宾语Heistheman

that

Isaw./Thisisthecar

that

Ilike.二、只用that的情况情况例句说明先行词被最高级修饰Thisisthe

best

film

that

Ihaveeverseen.最高级后只能用that先行词被序数词修饰Thisisthe

first

book

that

Iread.序数词后只能用that先行词是不定代词All

that

Ineediswater./Nothing

that

hesaidmadesense.all,everything,nothing,anything,few,little,much先行词被theonly/thevery/thelast修饰Heisthe

only

person

that

canhelpme.特指限定先行词既有人又有物Wetalkedaboutthepeopleandplaces

that

wevisited.人+物混合三、只用which的情况情况例句说明非限制性定语从句Thebook,

which

Ireadlastyear,isverygood.有逗号隔开，补充说明作介词宾语（介词前置）Thisisthehouse

inwhich

Ilived.介词+which结构四、限制性定语从句vs非限制性定语从句（拓展）类型有无逗号能否省略关系词选择例句限制性无不能省略，意思不完整that/who/whichTheman

who

issingingismyuncle.（限定哪个男人）非限制性有可以省略，补充说明只能用who/whom/which，不能用thatMyuncle,

who

isateacher,livesinBeijing.（补充说明）五、关系副词when/where/why（拓展）除了关系代词（who/which/that），定语从句还有关系副词。关系副词指代对象在从句中的作用例句when时间（先行词为时间）状语Istillremembertheday

when

wemet.where地点（先行词为地点）状语Thisisthehouse

where

Iwasborn.why原因（先行词为reason）状语Tellmethereason

why

youarelate.关系副词=介词+which（替换规则）关系副词替换形式例句whenon/in/at+whichtheday

onwhich

wemetwherein/on/at+whichthehouse

inwhich

Iwasbornwhyfor+whichthereason

forwhich

youarelateUnit6Livegreen——构词法（前缀&后缀）一、构词法概述前缀：改变词义；后缀：改变词性。英语中的构词法主要有三种：派生法（加前缀/后缀）转化法（词性转换，如watern.→waterv.）合成法（两个词合成一个新词，如greenhouse=green+house）九年级重点掌握派生法（前缀和后缀）。二、前缀（Prefixes）——改变词义，不改变词性1.否定前缀前缀含义例词中文un-不，相反happy→

unhappy不幸的usual→

unusual不寻常的fair→

unfair不公平的kind→

unkind不友善的lucky→

unlucky不幸的in-不，非active→

inactive不活跃的correct→

incorrect不正确的expensive→

inexpensive不贵的im-不，非（用于b/m/p前）possible→

impossible不可能的polite→

impolite不礼貌的patient→

impatient不耐烦的balance→

imbalance不平衡ir-不，非（用于r前）regular→

irregular不规则的responsible→

irresponsible不负责任的il-不，非（用于l前）legal→

illegal非法的logical→

illogical不合逻辑的dis-否定，相反，不appear→

disappear消失like→

dislike不喜欢honest→

dishonest不诚实的agree→

disagree不同意cover→

discover发现（揭开覆盖）non-非，不stop→

non-stop不停的profit→

non-profit非营利的2.方向/态度前缀前缀含义例词中文re-再，重新write→

rewrite重写cycle→

recycle回收/再循环build→

rebuild重建read→

reread重读view→

review复习/回顾turn→

return返回mis-错误，不当understand→

misunderstand误解lead→

mislead误导take→

mistake错误spell→

misspell拼错behave→

misbehave行为不端pre-预先，之前view→

preview预览/预习heat→

preheat预热history→

prehistory史前war→

prewar战前school→

preschool学前inter-相互，在……之间national→

international国际的active→

interactive互动的net→

internet互联网view→

interview采访/面试dependent→

interdependent相互依赖的over-过度，在上eat→

overeat吃得过多sleep→

oversleep睡过头look→

overlook忽略/俯视come→

overcome克服under-不足，在下estimate→

underestimate低估develop→

underdeveloped不发达的line→

underline在……下划线ground→

underground地下的3.小结否定un-,in-,im-，方向re-,mis-,pre-，

inter相互，over过度，under不足三、后缀（Suffixes）——改变词性1.变名词的后缀后缀含义例词中文-tion/-sion行为/状态/结果pollute→pollution污染decide→decision决定invite→invitation邀请celebrate→celebration庆祝protect→protection保护discuss→discussion讨论-ment行为/结果develop→development发展improve→improvement提高agree→agreement协议/同意achieve→achievement成就arrange→arrangement安排move→movement运动-ness性质/状态（加在形容词后）happy→happiness幸福kind→kindness善良sad→sadness悲伤dark→darkness黑暗weak→weakness弱点busy→business忙碌-ity性质/状态active→activity活动responsible→responsibility责任possible→possibility可能性pure→purity纯洁-er/-or……的人（动作者）work→worker工人teach→teacher教师act→actor演员invent→inventor发明家visit→visitor参观者-ing行为/活动（动名词）garden→gardening园艺swim→swiming游泳read→reading阅读build→building建筑draw→drawing绘画2.变形容词的后缀后缀含义例词中文-ful充满……的care→careful仔细的help→helpful有帮助的hope→hopeful有希望的harm→harmful有害的colour→colourful多彩的use→useful有用的-less缺乏……的care→careless粗心的hope→hopeless没有希望的home→homeless无家可归的harm→harmless无害的use→useless无用的-able/-ible可……的，能……的comfort→comfortable舒适的enjoy→enjoyable愉快的predict→predictable可预测的fashion→fashionable时尚的response→responsible负责任的access→accessible可到达的-ive有……倾向的act→active积极的/活跃的create→creative创造性的impress→impressive印象深刻的attract→attractive有吸引力的protect→protective保护的-ous具有……的danger→dangerous危险的fame→famous著名的humor→humorous幽默的courage→courageous勇敢的marvel→marvelous奇妙的-al与……有关的nature→natural自然的culture→cultural文化的person→personal个人的music→musical音乐的-y具有……特征的cloud→cloudy多云的sun→sunny晴朗的wind→windy多风的rain→rainy多雨的luck→lucky幸运的-ish稍……的，有……性质的child→childish孩子气的fool→foolish愚蠢的green→greenish略绿的-ern方向/方位north→northern北方的south→southern南方的west→western西方的east→eastern东方的3.变动词的后缀后缀含义例词中文-en使变得……（加在形容词后）wide→widen加宽sharp→sharpen削尖deep→deepen加深thick→thicken加厚strength→strengthen加强-ize使成为……（美式常用）modern→mod