2026年江苏省北师大版高中英语高二年级上册语法结构练习题

2026年江苏省北师大版高中英语高二年级上册语法结构练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage,thephrase"therapidadvancementoftechnology"isusedtoemphasizethe______.A.speedatwhichtechnologicalinnovationsarebeingdevelopedB.negativeimpactoftechnologyonsocietyC.historicalsignificanceoftechnologicalprogressD.economicbenefitsoftechnologicaladoption（解析：题干引用高二上册第3单元核心词汇"emphasize"的语境用法，考查非谓语动词作宾语结构。选项A正确对应原文"Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhastransformed..."的语义，B与第5单元反义疑问句逻辑矛盾，C涉及虚拟语气错误，D缺少关系代词that的限定。干扰项B通过"negativeimpact"制造认知干扰，但原文第2段明确肯定技术进步。）2.Thesentence"IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam"illustratestheuseof______.A.presentperfecttenseB.pastcontinuoustenseC.secondconditionalstructureD.passivevoiceconstruction（解析：题干考查第7单元虚拟语气中的倒装结构，"If+过去完成时，主句would+have+过去分词"是典型第二条件句。选项A错误，应为"hadstudied"而非"havestudied"；B缺少情态动词；D被动语态与原文主动结构不符。干扰项C通过"conditional"关键词诱导，但未体现"过去完成时+wouldhave"的完整结构特征。）3.Theunderlinedword"subsequent"in"Thesubsequentyearssawsignificantimprovements"mostcloselymeans______.A.previousB.followingC.temporaryD.unexpected（解析：题干涉及第4单元介词短语作定语用法，"subsequent"意为"随后的"。选项A与原文语义相反；C"temporary"缺少原文"years"的时间状语支撑；D"unexpected"与第6单元形容词比较级结构不符。干扰项B通过时间逻辑关系"following"制造迷惑，但需注意原文隐含的"时间延续性"而非简单顺序。）4.Thephrase"Itisessentialthatwetakeimmediateaction"demonstratestheuseof______.A.invertedsubject-verborderB.gerundassubjectC.relativeclausewith"which"D.imperativemoodconstruction（解析：题干考查第8单元正式语体的虚拟语气结构，"Itisessentialthat..."后主语从句需用虚拟式"should+动词原形，should可省略"。选项B错误，应为"taking"而非"take"；C缺少关系代词；D命令式与原文正式文体矛盾。干扰项A通过"subject-verborder"关键词诱导，但未体现"should"的省略规则。）5.Thesentence"Despitetheheavyrain,theycontinuedtheirjourney"illustratestheuseof______.A.pastperfecttenseB.presentperfectcontinuoustenseC.concessiveadverbialclauseD.participialphrasewith"while"（解析：题干涉及第2单元让步状语从句，"Despite"引导的让步结构需倒装。选项A缺少时间参照；B缺少情态动词；D错误，应为"despite"而非"while"。干扰项C通过"concessive"关键词诱导，但未体现"逗号+倒装"的语法特征。）6.Theunderlinedword"premature"in"Theprematurecelebrationendedindisappointment"mostcloselymeans______.A.earlyB.plannedC.successfulD.unexpected（解析：题干考查第5单元形容词与副词辨析，"premature"意为"过早的"。选项B与原文"celebration"的语境矛盾；C缺少原文"celebration"的宾语支撑；D"unexpected"与第9单元副词比较级结构不符。干扰项A通过"early"同义干扰，但需注意原文隐含的"时机不当"而非单纯时间早晚。）7.Thesentence"Thecommitteedecidedtopostponethemeetinguntilfurthernotice"demonstratestheuseof______.A.futureperfecttenseB.presentperfectcontinuoustenseC.infinitiveasadverbialD.presentcontinuoustensewithfuturemeaning（解析：题干涉及第10单元不定式作状语用法，"untilfurthernotice"是典型时间状语。选项A错误，应为"wouldhavepostponed"而非"willhavepostponed"；B缺少情态动词；D缺少"begoingto"结构。干扰项C通过"infinitive"关键词诱导，但未体现"until"的时间限定。）8.Thephrase"Theexperimentyieldedinconclusiveresults"illustratestheuseof______.A.passivevoiceconstructionB.activevoiceconstructionC.reflexivepronounusageD.nominalizationofaverb（解析：题干考查第3单元名词化结构，"yieldedresults"是动词名词化。选项B主动语态与原文被动结构矛盾；C缺少反身代词；D名词化正确但未体现"yield"的实验语境。干扰项A通过"passivevoice"关键词诱导，但原文主语"experiment"是施动者而非受动者。）9.Thesentence"Hadtheyknowntherisks,theywouldhavereconsideredtheirdecision"illustratestheuseof______.A.firstconditionalstructureB.secondconditionalstructureC.thirdconditionalstructureD.mixedconditionalstructure（解析：题干考查第7单元倒装虚拟语气，"Had+主语+过去分词"是典型第三条件句。选项A"if"引导结构错误；B"would"后缺少"have+过去分词"；D混合结构未体现"had"的倒装。干扰项C通过"conditional"关键词诱导，但未体现"had+过去分词"的倒装特征。）10.Theunderlinedword"inherent"in"Theinherentvalueofeducationcannotbemeasuredinmoney"mostcloselymeans______.A.temporaryB.artificialC.fundamentalD.variable（解析：题干涉及第4单元形容词与副词辨析，"inherent"意为"内在的"。选项B与原文"education"的语境矛盾；C"fundamental"同义但未体现原文"不可量化"的语义；D"variable"与第6单元形容词比较级结构不符。干扰项A通过"temporary"反义干扰，但需注意原文隐含的"本质属性"而非单纯时间性。）二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thecompanyhas______(establish)anewbranchintheAsianmarketforthepasttwoyears.（解析：题干考查第2单元现在完成时被动语态，"establish"需变为"established"，"has"后需用过去分词。干扰项可能误用现在分词或主动语态。）2.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldapologizeimmediatelyforthemistake.（解析：题干考查第7单元第二条件句虚拟式，"be"需变为"were"。干扰项可能误用一般现在时或第三人称形式。）3.Despitethedifficulties,they______(continue)theirresearchwithgreatdetermination.（解析：题干考查第2单元让步状语从句中的倒装，"continue"需变为"continue"（原形）。干扰项可能误用现在分词或一般现在时。）4.Theunderlinedword"subsequent"in"Thesubsequentyearssawsignificantimprovements"indicatesaperiodoftime______(follow)thepresentmoment.（解析：题干考查第4单元介词短语作定语，需填"following"。干扰项可能误用"following"的副词形式或介词"after"的从句结构。）5.Itisessentialthatallemployees______(comply)withthenewregulationsimmediately.（解析：题干考查第8单元虚拟语气，"comply"需变为"comply"（原形）。干扰项可能误用一般现在时或第三人称形式。）6.Theexperiment______(yield)inconclusiveresultsbecauseoftheinsufficientdata.（解析：题干考查第3单元名词化结构，需填"yielded"。干扰项可能误用主动语态或一般现在时。）7.Hadtheteam______(prepare)better,theywouldhavewonthechampionship.（解析：题干考查第7单元倒装虚拟语气，"prepare"需变为"prepared"。干扰项可能误用一般过去时或主动语态。）8.Theunderlinedword"inherent"in"Theinherentvalueofeducationcannotbemeasured"suggeststhatthevalueis______(exist)withinthesubjectitself.（解析：题干考查第4单元动词不定式，需填"existing"。干扰项可能误用现在分词或一般现在时。）9.IfI______(have)moretime,Iwouldreadmorebooksonthistopic.（解析：题干考查第7单元第二条件句虚拟式，"have"需变为"had"。干扰项可能误用一般现在时或第三人称形式。）10.Thecompanyhas______(establish)anewbranchintheAsianmarketforthepasttwoyears.（解析：题干考查第2单元现在完成时被动语态，"establish"需变为"established"，"has"后需用过去分词。干扰项可能误用现在分词或主动语态。）三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thesentence"Theboywholivesnextdoorismybestfriend"containsarelativeclausewith"which".（判断：错误。解析：原文是限定性定语从句，"who"是关系代词，先行词是"boy"，"which"不能引导限定性从句。干扰项可能误认为"which"可以替代"who"。）2.Thephrase"Itisimportanttostudyhard"demonstratestheuseofinfinitiveassubject.（判断：正确。解析：原文"tostudyhard"是动词不定式作主语。干扰项可能误认为"tostudy"缺少宾语。）3.Thesentence"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic"illustratestheuseoffirstconditionalstructure.（判断：正确。解析：原文符合"if+一般现在时，主句一般将来时"的第一条件句结构。干扰项可能误认为"will"应改为"would"。）4.Theunderlinedword"subsequent"in"Thesubsequentyearssawsignificantimprovements"means"previous".（判断：错误。解析："subsequent"意为"随后的"，与"previous"反义。干扰项可能通过词形相似性诱导。）5.Thesentence"Thecommitteedecidedtopostponethemeetinguntilfurthernotice"demonstratestheuseofpresentcontinuoustensewithfuturemeaning.（判断：错误。解析：原文"untilfurthernotice"是时间状语，动词形式与未来意义无关。干扰项可能误认为"postpone"是进行时态。）6.Thephrase"Theexperimentyieldedinconclusiveresults"illustratestheuseofpassivevoiceconstruction.（判断：正确。解析："experiment"是施动者，"yielded"是被动形式。干扰项可能误认为"results"是被动形式。）7.Thesentence"Hadtheyknowntherisks,theywouldhavereconsideredtheirdecision"illustratestheuseofthirdconditionalstructure.（判断：正确。解析：符合"had+主语+过去分词，主句would+have+过去分词"的第三条件句结构。干扰项可能误认为"would"应改为"could"。）8.Theunderlinedword"inherent"in"Theinherentvalueofeducationcannotbemeasured"means"variable".（判断：错误。解析："inherent"意为"内在的"，与"variable"反义。干扰项可能通过词形相似性诱导。）9.Thephrase"Itisessentialthatwetakeimmediateaction"demonstratestheuseofinvertedsubject-verborder.（判断：正确。解析：符合"Itisessentialthat..."后主语从句需用虚拟式"should+动词原形，should可省略"的倒装结构。干扰项可能误认为"wetake"是主动语态。）10.Thesentence"Theboywholivesnextdoorismybestfriend"containsanon-restrictiverelativeclause.（判断：错误。解析：原文是限定性定语从句，"who"是关系代词，先行词是"boy"，"which"不能引导非限定性从句。干扰项可能误认为"who"可以替代"which"。）四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"presentperfecttense"and"presentperfectcontinuoustense"withexamples.（参考答案：现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响，现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性。例：Presentperfect:"Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears"（影响）；Presentperfectcontinuous:"Ihavebeenlivinghereforfiveyears"（持续性）。解析：需区分"影响性"与"持续性"的语义差异，并给出典型句式对比。）2.Describethestructureofasecondconditionalsentencewithexamples.（参考答案：第二条件句结构为"If+一般现在时，主句would+动词原形"。例：IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.解析：需说明虚拟条件与主句的语法形式，并给出典型句式对比。）3.Explainthefunctionof"concessiveadverbialclauses"withexamples.（参考答案：让步状语从句通过"despite/although/but"等连接词表示转折关系。例：Despitetheheavyrain,theycontinuedtheirjourney.解析：需说明连接词用法与主句的语法关系，并给出典型句式对比。）4.Describethestructureofathirdconditionalsentencewithexamples.（参考答案：第三条件句结构为"If+过去完成时，主句wouldhave+动词原形"。例：IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.解析：需说明虚拟条件与主句的语法形式，并给出典型句式对比。）5.Explainthedifferencebetween"inherent"and"temporary"withexamples.（参考答案："inherent"指内在属性，"temporary"指暂时性。例：Theinherentvalueofeducationcannotbemeasured（内在）；Thecelebrationwastemporary（暂时）。解析：需区分两个形容词的语义范畴，并给出典型句式对比。）6.Describethefunctionof"infinitiveasadverbial"withexamples.（参考答案：不定式作状语可表示目的、结果等。例：Tostudyhardisimportant（目的）；Hesucceededtohisfather'sbusiness（结果）。解析：需说明不定式的语义功能，并给出典型句式对比。）7.Explainthedifferencebetween"passivevoice"and"activevoice"withexamples.（参考答案：被动语态强调动作承受者，主动语态强调动作执行者。例：Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam（被动）；Theteamconductedtheexperiment（主动）。解析：需区分主被动语态的语义焦点，并给出典型句式对比。）8.Describethestructureofanon-restrictiverelativeclausewithexamples.（参考答案：非限定性定语从句用逗号隔开，补充说明而非限定先行词。例：Theboy,wholivesnextdoor,ismybestfriend.解析：需说明逗号用法与限定性从句的语法区别，并给出典型句式对比。）五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingpassivevoice:"Thecommitteewillreviewtheproposalnextweek."（参考答案：Theproposalwillbereviewedbythecommitteenextweek.解析：需将主动语态"主语+谓语+宾语"改为被动语态"宾语+be动词+过去分词+by+主语"，并注意时态保持一致。）2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingasecondconditional:"IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks."（参考答案：HadImoretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks.解析：需将一般现在时改为过去完成时，并使用倒装结构"had+主语+过去分词"，"would"保持不变。）3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingathirdconditional:"Theydidn'tstudyhard,sotheyfailedtheexam."（参考答案：Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theywouldnothavefailedtheexam.解析：需将一般过去时改为过去完成时，并使用"wouldnothave+过去分词"表示与过去事实相反的结果。）4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusinganinfinitiveasadverbial:"Studyinghardisimportantforsuccess."（参考答案：Tostudyhardisimportantforsuccess.解析：需将动名词改为不定式，并保持主句结构不变。）5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusinganon-restrictiverelativeclause:"Theboylivesnextdoor.Heismybestfriend."（参考答案：Theboywholivesnextdoorismybestfriend.解析：需将两个句子合并，并使用关系代词"who"引导非限定性定语从句，用逗号隔开。）6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingpresentperfectcontinuoustense:"Thecompanyhasestablishedanewbranch."（参考答案：Thecompanyhasbeenestablishinganewbranch.解析：需将现在完成时改为现在完成进行时，并保持主语和宾语不变。）7.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingpassivevoicewith"get":"Theteamwillwinthechampionship."（参考答案：Thechampionshipwillgetwonbytheteam.解析：需使用"get+过去分词"的被动结构，并注意时态保持一致。）8.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingaconcessiveadverbialclause:"Theypassedtheexamdespitestudyinglittle."（参考答案：Despitestudyinglittle,theypassedtheexam.解析：需将"despite"改为"although"或"but"，并使用倒装结构"although/but+主语+一般现在时，主句一般现在时"。）【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.C3.B4.A5.C6.C7.C8.A9.C10.A解析：每题均需说明正确选项的语法依据，并分析干扰项的迷惑点。二、填空题1.hasestablished2.were3.continue4.following5.comply2.yielded7.prepared8.existing9.had10.hasestablished解析：每题均需说明正确形式对应的语法结构，并分析错误形式的常见错误。三、判断题1.×2.√3.√4.×5.×6.√7.√8.×9.√10.×解析：每题均需说明判断依据，并分析错误判断的常见误区。四、简答题1.现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响，现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性。例：Presen