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新高考读后续写高分素材-微技能之细节描写

读后续写微技能之细节描写1

高考中续写的文体主要为记叙文c顾名思义,记叙文主要以记叙事件为主,因此需要用到许多的细节描写

以使文章生动,言之有物。不少学生语言功底不错,但是续写始终得不了高分,其中一个原因可能就是细

节描写的缺乏。

那么,续写该如何写呢?我们应该做到兼顾概括描述和细节描述,而且要多用细节描述。所谓概括描述是

指为一个事件的总体描述,而细节描述则是对事件的具体描述,来对之前的总体描述进一步解释说明,这

样能够使得描述更加生动,有画面感。

如表达一个人的疲累时,可用概括描述:shefeltexhausted.同时辅以细节描述Shefeltexhaustedandsatby

thestream,restingherachingfeet.

如果大家注意这些细节的描述,一定会为你的记叙文续写增色!

“感到害怕”的细节描述

当看到那只凶恶的狼时,我感到很害怕。

1.Atthesightoftheferociouswolf,Ifeltveryscared.

2.1)Atthesightoftheferociouswolf,Ifeltsoscaredthatmythreattightenedandmykneesfeltweak.(嗓子发

紧,膝盖发软)

2)Atthesightoftheferociouswolf,Ifrozewithterror,tooscarediomoveaninch.(吓呆了,不敢动弹)

3)Atthesightoftheferociouswolf,Iwasseizedbyastrongsenseofhorrorandmypalmsweresweating.(被深

深地恐惧感所控制,手心出汗)

表感到兴奋thrilled

当主持人宣布她获奖时,她兴奋极了。

1.Whenthehostannouncedthatshewontheprize,shefeltthrilled.

2.I)Whenthehostannouncedthatshewontheprize,hereyestwinkledwithexcitement.(激动得两眼放光)

2)When(hehostannouncedthatshewontheprize,herheartwasthumpingwithexcitement.(激动得心砰砰跳)

3)Whenthehostannouncedthatshewontheprize,awideexcitementtookholdofher.(兴奋不能自己)

感到悲伤”的细节描述

一听到那个坏消息.,她悲伤不已.

I.Uponhearingthebadnews,shefeltextremelysad.

2.I)Uponhearingthehadnews,herheartached,tearsstreamingdownherchecks.(心痛,眼泪直流)

2)Uponhearingthebadnews,she,numbwithgrief,hadtroublespeaking.(悲伤到失去知觉,不能开口说话)

3)Uponhearingthebadnews,shefeltseizedbyaburstofsadnessandcouldn'thelpcryingbitterly.(被一股悲

伤之感控制,忍不住哭泣)

“感到开心”的细节描述

当妈妈亲吻他时,小baby开心极了。

1.Whenhismotherkissedhimonthecheek,thebabywashappy/delighted/fullofjoy.

2.1)Whenhismotherkissedhimonthecheek,itseemedasif(hebabywereontopoftheworld.(非常开心)

2)Whenthemotherkissedthebabyonthecheek,hisfacebeamedandhisbrightsmilelituptheroom.(眉开眼

笑:笑容照亮房间)

3)Whenthemotherkissedthebabyonthecheek,hiseyesdancedwithjoyandsweetness.(欢欣雀跃)

“感到羞愧”的细节描述

她感到非常羞愧。

Key1:Shefeltashamed.

Key2:

1)Shefeksoashamedthatshecouldfeelherfaceburning.(脸上滚烫)

2)Soashamedwasshethatshecouldfeelthebloodrushtoherface.(血液涌上脸颊)

3)Soashameddidshefeelthatshewasclosetotears.(快哭了)

“感到生气”的细节描述

Sheldon感到非常生气。

Key1:Sheldonfeltverj"angry.

Key2:

1)Sheldonfeltsoangrythathestonnedoutoftheroom,slammingthedoorfuriouslybehindhim.Q口出房间;狠

狠摔门)

2)Boilingwithrage,Sheldonshookhisfistatme.(怒火中烧;挥舞拳头)

3)Filledwithfury,Sheldonwasunabletoutterasingleword.(充满愤怒:说不出话)

“感到绝望”的细节描述

Tony感到很绝望。

Key1:Tonyfelthopeless/desperate.

Key2:

1)Astheresultofanaccident,Tonywassuddenlythrownintoaworldofdarknessandsankintohopelessness.

(被投入黑暗之中.陷入绝望)

2)Tonyfeltleftoutandwasgettingdesperatewithloneliness.(感觉被遗忘、忽视)

3)Tony'sbeliefsinlookingforwardandseeingthepositiveineverythingdesertedhim.

“人的行走之态”细节描述

1、踉踉跄跄;2、悄悄地走;3、猛冲

1.Theplayerlosthisbalance,staggeredbackandtoppledover.这个运动员失去了平衡,向后趟起摔倒了。

2.Sheslippedoutofbedandtiptoedtothewindow.她溜卜床,踮起脚尖走向窗户。3.Theminionmadearush

2

forthedoorandescapedfromthescene.小黄人向门冲去,逃离了现场。

人的说话方式”细节描述

说话的方式多种多样,如果都用⑸k就显得索然无味,也不够准确,所以要多积累各种各样的表达。

1、说长道短:八卦;2、小声咕哝;3、嚎叫

1.Thewholecompanyisgossipingaboutthereasonforhisdismissal.整个公司都在谈论他被免职的原因。

2.Hemurmuredagainstthestrictrulesoftherealityshow.他私下低声抱怨真人秀的严苛规则。

3.Treatedsounfairly,shehowledinpainandanger.被如此不公正地对待,她痛苦而又愤怒的嚎叫。

细节描述之“思考”

如何表达一个人暗自思索时的样子对学生来说是很困难的,大多数情况下,学生往往会选择避开,但是,

人无时无刻不在思考,强行避开会使得故事内容上有些不衔接。所以,今天我们就一起来学习一下如何表

达一个人的思考神态。

1.得知问题所在之后,他的大脑开始急速运转,想要想出一个好的解决方案。

2.独自一人时,他总是会想到那可怕的经历。

3.在他洗澡时,突然想到了一个好主意。

1.Afterheknewwhattheproblemwas,hismindbegantorace,tryingtothinkofagoodsolution.(大脑飞速运

转)

2.Whenleftalone,hewouldalwaysbehauntedbythathorribleexperience.([不好的回忆]萦绕心头挥之不去)

3.Whenhewastakingashower,abrilliantideasuddenlycrossedhismind

.(突然闪过某人的脑海)

细节描述之“describeapeacefulscenev

今天,我们来看看该如何描述安静祥和的场景。

1.享受阳光

2.山间有小屋和田地

3.入暮时分,芦苇随风飘扬

1.WhenIwasbathedinthesunlight,itfeltliketheambcr-likcsunshinewaskissingeveryinchofmyskin.(沐浴

在阳光下;琥珀色的阳光亲吻着全身的肌肤)

2.Mist-coveredmountainsweredo:tedwithsmallfarmsandvillages.(点缀若)

3.Thesoundofmyfootstepswasaccompaniedonlyby(hegracefullywavingreeds.(优雅地随风飘扬的芦苇)

细节描述之udescribestormyweatherM

今天,我们来看看该如何描述风雨交加的天气。

1.乌云密布

2.劲风恶浪肆虐

3.暴雨疾风

3

1.Theskyisovercast,darkenedwithgloomyclouds.(乌云密布;黑云压顶)

2.Onthatdarkandstormynight,thewaveswerecrashingandthewindswerehowling.(海浪肆意拍打;劲风咆

哮j

3.Theraincamepouringdown,thestreamsrose,andthewindsblewandbeatagainstthehouse.(暴风骤雨)

读后续写对话中的常见误区

1爰话连篇,无助推动情节发展,刻画人物性格。

“Hey,howareyou?""I'mfine,howareyou?”

“Howistheweather?”"Terrific!Nicedayfbrawalk,isn'tit?”

评析:这样的对话在现实生活中很真实,但是小说毕竟是艺术加工,无助情节推动的,不能刻画人物性格

的日常寒暄和偏离文章主线的对话绝对不用。

2迨求花哨,过度使用对话标签dialoguetags

uThatisfantasticnews/'hesaidhappily.

评析:此句中完全没有必要加上一个happily来表达说的方式,因为句中的fantastic一词足以说明说话人

了表情,过度强调dialoguetags会让读者的注意力集中在“说话的方式”而不是“说话的内容

建议改为:“Thatisfantasticnews!"hesaid/screamcd/exclaimed.(一个感叹号和一个fantastic已经足以让读

者想象当时的情景。适当的“艺术留白”也是需要的,这样会留给读者想象的空间。

还有一种避免过度的dialoguetags的方法是运用“动作描写”来取而代之。

如:Hereyesreflectedthecandlelightasshesmiledatherson."Everyoneisunique.Justfollowyourheartandbe

yourself!”

3用词不当,错误使用对话标签dialoguelags

"Ican'tbelieveit,"Emmagasped.

"That'shilarious,"Henrychuckled.

评析:以上两句话也是我在大量的学生习作其至是范文中发现的。这里把动作描写和dialoguetags混淆了,

试想谁能gasp(喘息)、chuckle:轻笑)出一句话?除非他或她有特异功能。

纠正方法如下:

"Ican'tbelieveit,"Emmasaidwithagasp.(Questiontag+with介词短语)

Emmagasped."Ican'tbelieveit/'(动作描写+句号)

"Ican'tbelieveit."Emmagasped.(对话句断+动作描写)

"That'shilarious!"Henrychuckled.(感叹句结束+动作描写)

"That'shilarious,"Henrysaid,chuckling.(Questiontag+分词做伴随状况)

请特别关注以上对话的标点。

4多此一举,对话对象十分明确,仍使用对话标签

“Itoldyoualready;」said,glaring.评析:此句貌似豪华,其实对话中的主语“I”己经清晰地说明了说话者,

4

完全没有必要用questiontag“Isaid”来说明说话对象。纠正方法;加上一点动作描写就可以避免这种错

误,并且提升语言的生动性。

Iglaredathim.”Itoldyoualready/

5频用副词,词汇贫乏只会tell不会show

“Howcanyoudothis?shesaidangrily,lookingatmefuriously.

评析:此句也是貌似“高大上”,使用了大量副词,并且套用了分词做伴随的句型。任何方面都有度,过

之而不及。过度堆砌辞藻会让人生厌,过度使用副词也会让阅卷老师觉得你词汇贫乏,非得用副词才能表

达出来。

2大纠正办法:

1)积累相关的show的词汇来避免过度使用副词2)穿插动作描写辅助对话,刻画人物心情

试比较以下两句:

“That'snotwhatyousaidyesterdayJshesaid,hervoiceimplyingshewaswithdrawing.

“That'snotwhatyousaidyesterday."Shehesitated,turnedandwalkedtothewindow.

评析;两句话粗看都是相当不错,无论从词汇和语法结构的使月似乎都属于上乘之作。但细组琢磨下面这

句反而更高一筹。原因是,第一句用了imply和withdraw两词来tell说话者she的心情,而第二句hesitate

和后面的动作描写让她的犹豫心情跃然纸上。小说故事要的就是这种show的方式。

分析对话实例,揭示对话秘诀

Example1

原文内容:作者爸爸在阳台种植康乃馨,悉心呵护,作者一家都非常喜欢这些花。爸妈再三强调不允许作

者和他姐姐不能触碰这些花。

Tooursurprise,Dadwasmadaboutit,yellingatus,"Don'tyouknowtouchingisnotallowed?Whatonearth

haveyoudone?”

赏析:反义疑问句和onearth的使用加强了语气,凸显了父亲的生气。

Example2

原文内容:母亲去世,哥哥外出。父女相约吃饭,引发了女儿对母亲和哥哥的思念,父亲读懂了女儿内

心的想法,安慰女儿。母亲在天堂一定希望他们过得快乐,现在他们需要做的就是珍惜身边的人。

Seeingthis,myfatherlovinglyheldmyhandsandsaidtome,“Sweetheart,Ibelieveyourmothermustwantyou

tolivehappily,sosaygoodbyetothepastandembracethepresent.YourbrotherandIwillalwaysbewithyou.^^

赏析:情感类的对话要求感人,触及内心,这点此对话做的不错。但是小编也要对此对话提出点意见1)

文中的andsaidtome完全没有必要,因为对话对象非常清楚,肯定和我说。2)yourmother显得太疏远,

亲人间相互称呼用Mom即可,更显真实,贴近生活。

Example3

原文内容:作者家突然停电,虽然弟弟觉得停电时间非常无聊,但是作者却非常享受停电时间,享受“没

5

有现代电子科技带来的干扰”的宁静片刻。

Bzzz!Thelightsreturn.44Yeah,nomorecandles!”Mymotheryells,pullingmeawayfrommyfantasy.

赏析:时话简洁自然,表达了说话者恢复用电时候的兴奋,对话外面的dialoguelag也很出色,分词的使

用既丰富了语言也推动了情节的进一步发展。

Example4

原文内容:主人公Jenny通过自身的劳动获得了心爱的项链,形影不离。父亲每日给她讲睡前故事。父亲

故意试探女儿,问是否可以把项链给他。Jenny深爱爸爸但不舍自己努力得来的项链。

Aweeklater,herlatheronceagainaskedJennyafterherstory."Jenny,youloveme,don'tyou?Givemeyour

pearls,okay?”Daddy,whymustyouaskfbrthepearls?”Jennyrefusedagain."NotonlydidIfinishallthose

chores,butalsoIspentthedollarbillgivenformybirthdayjusttopayforit."Theybothfellintosilence.Thenher

fathersmiled»comfortingherwithawarmhug."That*sokey,darling.Goodnight.M

Severaldayslater,whenJenny'sfathercameintoreadherastoryasusual,hewassurprisedtofindsomething

underthestorybook,whichturnedouttobethenecklace.44Daddy,nowyoucanhaveit."Jennyraisedherhead,

“Youknow,Iloveyou.^^Herfatherwasmovedbeyondwords.Slowly,hepulledsomethingoutofhispocket.It

wasaprettynecklacewithrealpearlsshining."Themoreyouarewillingtogive,themoreyouarelikelyto

receive.That'stherealmeaningofsharingandgiving."HerfatherhelpedJennyputonthenecklace."Youknow,

Iloveyou,littleone.^^

赏析:此文运用了大量的对话,主要是考虑到与前文的协同。大量的父女间的对话穿插一些旁白或动作描

写很好地刻画了人物之间的冲突,细腻生动地刻画了人物心情。一般的读后续写不建议用太多的对话。适

当的对话可以打破单调,推动情节,刻画人物性格。对于此文中的对话,小编也想提出点个人的意见:1)

“NotonlydidIfinishallthosechores,butalsoIspentthedollarbillgivenformybirthdayjusttopayforit.”

此句似乎为了使用notonly…,binalso的倒装句型而写对话,显得很不自然。语句太长反而不能表达小女

孩当时的生气。建议改为:"It'smine!Myefforts!”反而显得简洁自然,同样达到了效果,符合人在生

气时候的说话方式:短句!不完整句!2)还有一处标点的使用也有误。请看:Jennyraisedherhead,此

处的逗号要改为句号。只能作为动作描写,而不是questiontag.

Example5

原文内容:这是一个哲理故事,讲述一位商人儿子去向智者寻找快乐秘诀.智者让年轻人带着两汤勺油

绕城一周不能将油洒落。智者待年轻人回来后问他是否欣赏到城堡的美景,年轻人哑口无言。然后智者重

新让这年轻人带着两勺油绕城一周,结果……

“ButwherearethetwodropsofoilIgaveyou?^^askedthewiseman.Embarrassedagain,theyoungman

apologized,uIhadforgottenthesptotally.Myonlyconcernwastheattractivesights.”"Butyouhavegotthe

happiness.”Smiledthewiseman...

“Butwherearcthetwodropsofoil1gaveyou?”askedthewiseman.Heloweredhisheadandfoundthatthere

wasnothingleftinhisspoon,astonishedandembarrassed.Thenthewisemansmiledgenerously,<4Idon'tblame

6

you.Ijustwantyoutorealizethesecretofhappinessyourself.Now,couldyoutellmeaboutyourthoughts?”The

youngmanthoughtfbrawhileandslowlyreplied,“thetruthofhappinessisholdingourdreamstightlybutnever

failingtowatchthebeautifi.ilsceneryaroundus.”

赏析:此文的对话主要是用来揭示故事的寓意,通常出现在故事的末尾。这样的对话一定要写小深度厚度,

才能博得老师的高分。建议可以使用强调句。此文中也有一个标点瑕疵。请看:Thenthewisemansmiled

generously,此句的逗号也要改为句号,作为动作描写穿插其中,而不是questiontag。

他山石可攻玉I这些“恐惧”情绪的表达你都用过吗?

一篇出自美国初中生的看图说话

与2018年6月浙江英语高考“读后续写”酷似!

Writeashortstorybasedonthepicturesbelowinnotlessthan100words.

Oneweekend,myparentsdecidedtobringmybrotherandItotherecreationaljungle.Wewereveryexcitedas

wehadnotbeentherebefore.MybrotherandItalkedaboutallthebears,tigersandreindeerweweregoingtosee.

Wcreallythoughtthatarecreationaljunglewaslikeanyotherjungle.

Whenwearrived,wedashedintothejungle,wantingtoexploreitslengthandbreadth.Weobedientlyfollowed

ourparentsatfirstbutfounditboring.Justthen,arabbitrushedout.Iscreamedindelightandranafterit.My

brotherfollowedquicklybehind.Wekeptrunning,alwayskeepingoureyesontherabbit.Therabbitgottiredof

runninganddecidedtohideinitsburrow.

Itwasonlythenthatwerealizedthatwedidnotknowwherewewere.Thetreeslookedunfamiliarandtherewere

nomorejunglepathsforustofollow.Wewerescaredaswerealizedthatwewerelost.Nightwasapproachingand

thehootingoftheowlsentshiversdownourspines.IbegantocryasIwasfeelingtired,hungryandsleepy.My

brothercomfortedmebylettingmesleeponhislap.Isoonfellasleepdreamingofbearswaitingtocatmeup.

Suddenly,Iwokeup.Mybrotherwasshakingmeandtellingthemtogetup.Wecouldhearvoicescomingour

way!Weshoutedwithallourmightthatwewerelost.Wesoonsav/beamsoflightfromcountlesstorches.Then

weheardourparents'voices.Weweresafe!MybrotherandIrantoourparentsandembracedthememotionally.

Weweresohappytosecthemagainthatwcvowedweneverwantedtobeseparatedfromthemeveragain.

Notes:

burrow:aholeinthegrounddugbyananimalsuchasarabbit,especiallytolivein

sendshiversdownsb'sspines:tomakesomeonefeelveryfrightened

vow:tomakeadetermineddecision

Studythefollowingthefollowingexamplesandlearnhowtoshowone'sfear

ExampleI-Fea亡

Midnight,andsomeonepoundedonthefrontdoor."Mom?Dad?"Wherewerethey?Themoviegotoutat11.

Mollycrawledoutofbedandtiptoeddownstairs.Ashadowyfigureshowedthroughthefrostedglassinthefront

door.Fearnibbledathermakingherkneeswobble.

7

Mom'svoiceechoedinsideherhead."Remember,don*tanswerthedoorwhenwe'reaway."Mollycrouched,back

pressedagainstthewall,mouthdiy-as-din."Please,goaway,"herwordsachokedwhisper.

KeyWords-pounded,crawled,tiptoed,shadowy,fearnibbled,wobble,echoed,crouched,pressed,dry-as-dirt,

choked.

Comments:

1)例1中大量运用了短句,戏剧性的短句能够增强紧张感

2)这些关键字大部分都是强有力且活跃动词。

3)简短的dialogue有效推动了情节发展,营造J'栩栩如生的恐惧的场景。

It'sYourturn:

Example2-Fear:

Icanfeelthesweatdrenchmyskin,(hethrobbingofmyowneyes,theringingscreamsvibratinginmyears,and

thethumpingofmyheartagainstmychest.Myfingersarecurledintoafist,nailsdiggingintomypalm.Ican't

hearmyrapidbreathing,butIcanfeeltheoxygenfloodinginandoutofmylungs.Hesitantly,myeyeslookatthe

deadcorpsebeforeme,thepersonIkilled.Feartorturesmyguts,churningmystomachintensecramps.Fear

engulfsmyconscience,knockingallotherthoughtsaside.Fearoverwhelmsmybody,makingitdrastically

exhausted.However,mostofall.thefearismakingmecalmandthatiswhatscaresmethemost.

Keywords:______________________________

Yourtreasure:_____________________________

Example3-Fear

Timepassedslowly.Cathystayedhiddenwithinthedarkness,feelingeverybeatofherheartpoundingonthecold

stoneshelayupon.Thewineandalecellarwasasquietasitwasdark,withonlyonesoundtobeheard;thesound

ofherownpulsethrobbinginherears.Suddenly,theserenityofsilencesurrenderedtothedeathlyscreamof

hir.ges,asthedooroppositeherwasslowlypriedopen.Anarrowstreamoflightgracefullymeanderedthrough

theroom,andashadowquicklyfollowed.

Shewasscared.

Cathyheldherbreathe,daringnottomakeasound.Eachsecondseemedtolastaneternityasshelayperfectly

stilllisteningtothefootstepsoftheintruder,whichhadmutedthepoundingofherpulse.

Keywords:_______________________

Yourtreasure:______________________

恐惧来自自身,最大的恐惧其实就是恐惧本身!

读后续写微技能I如何让你笔卜.的对话更加准确传神

对话(dialogue)是故事角色在整个故事中对彼此或对自己说的话。它可以用来揭示人物的性格和个性,

它也可以用来推动情节向前发展,并展示情节发展的过程。

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对话是故事中最重要的元素之一c对话的语言要避免冗长的叙述,要避免直接告诉读者而要通过其他手段

来展示它们。优秀的对话会让你故事中的人物生动立体,栩栩如生,将推动你的故事进展,使其更有乐趣,

而拙劣的对话将破坏一个好的故事。

11.如何准确使用对话中的标点

请观察下面的句子。

Jackasked,“Doyouthinkitwillrantoday?”

“Ihaveanewumbrella,“explainedEmily,“andIamexcitedtotryitout.”

“Whydon'tyouchecktheweatherforecastonyourphone?^^suggestedCarly.

“Itisassimpleasthesmileonyourface/'hesaid.

先看一个如何使用标点的视频

英语对话标点使用规则:

第一、对话提示词(Dialoguetags)“Jackasked."/“explainedEmily,"/"suggestedCarly,"的位置可

以放在引用的对话前、中、后三个位置。

第二、对话中的逗号,永远在引号里面。对话提示词“某某人说”构成了整个句子的框架,它和它引用

的部分是一个整体,是完整的一个句子。这就解释了很多老师的疑惑,为啥对话有时候引用的对话说完了,

但是后面却用逗号。

如:“Itwasashardasarock,“hesaid.但是:Hesaid,“Itwasashardasarock.”

第三、整个对话(引用部分+对话提示词)完整的时候,才能使用句号。对话开始首字母大写。如果对

话提示词是插在一个完整对话中间的,后面需要用逗号。且后半句话开头首字母要小写。

如:"Ihaveanewumbrella,vexplainedEmily,“andIamexcitedtotryitout.”

Exercise1:给下面的句子加标点

1.There'safiftypercentchanceofrainthisafternoon,reportedEmily.

2.Emilyasked,DoyouthinkIshouldtakemynewumbrellatoschcol?

3.Ofcourseyoushouldtakeittoschool,answeredJack.

4.Ifitstartsraining,Carlyadded,youwillbeniceanddry.

5.Emilysquealed(尖叫),Iseedarkgraystormcloudsrollingin.

6.Ohno!exclaimed(惊叫)Jack.CarlyandIdon'thaveumbrellas.

7.Hooray!yelled(喊叫)Emily.It'sfinallyraining.

8.Carlymumbled(咕哝地说),Myhairisgettingsoaked.

9.WouldyouandJackliketosharemyumbrellawithme?askedEmily.

10.ThankyouEmily,saidCarly.You'remorechanjustafairweatherfriend.

2如何让你的对话不平庸

对话的关注点就是故事中的角色

9

1)对谁说了什么话2)说话的同时在做什么3)如何说的

例1

A:"Givemethemoney,"Katherinesaid.

B:"Givemethemoney,"Katherinesaid,eyesstaringatthemoneycnthetableo

在高考读后续写的实际操作中,我们更加钟爱B这种句式,既表明了说话对象,又描述了说话的方式,

让读者更有画面感。

例2

"GivemethattoygunJTomsaidangrily.

Lucygrinned,hidingitbehindherback.

这组对话中的saidangrily的使用让整个对话表现平庸。改变这种现状的办法有两种

I.换直接告诉的词(saidangrily)为展示型词汇(如:shouted/screamed/barked)

请看下面视频

II.在上下文语境明确的情况下,通过动作和神态描写来代替枯燥乏味的sb.said…(对话提示语)。这样

处理的好处是:1)增加表现力生动性2)避免打断对话的语流。

如:

TomslammedthedollonthegroundandglaredatLucy,"Givemethetoy."

Lucygrinned,hidingitbehindherback..

提示:在读后续写的创作中,尽量少用副词来表述说话人讲话方式(因为你用了副词那就是tell而不是show),

特别是你要主要渲染的场景.让你的劝话有趣逼真有画面立体感的是你如何使用show的技能,那就一定要

使用一些描绘性的动词。(他们说了什么话,说话时同时在做什么,以及是如何说的)

拙劣表达:

"I'mgoingtothestore,"Sydneyannouncedhappily."Wannagowithme?"

上面这个例子中Sydney的感情是直接告知的,干巴巴的,了无生趣。

优秀表达:

Sydneypulledhisshiny,newdriver'slicenseoutofhispocket.Thecarkeyswerealreadyinh:shandashe

flashedthemathislittlesisterandgrinned."I'mgoingtothestore,"heannounced."Wannagowithme?"

第二个例子中,虽然没有用happJy一词,但是Sydney的高兴的表情是通过动作描写溢于纸面.这样的表

达就能博得高考阅卷老师的眼球,从而获得高分。

下面的两个例子都是我们需要追求的:

“Ijustdon'tknowanymore,Maryfoldedherarms."IthinkI'mafraidofyou.''

Harrysighed."I'msorry,“Heshookhishead."I'mnotverygoodatthis.^^

练习2:试比较体会下面三句话的优劣

1.ButIdon'twanttogotosleepyc:,"hesaidunhappily.

2.ButIdon'twanttogotosleepyet,"hewhined.

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3.Hestoodinthedoorwaywithhishandsballedintolittlefistsathissides.Hisred,tear-rimmedeyesglaredupat

hismother."ButIdon'twanttogotosleepyet."

Exercise3:(请改写下面的句子使它表达更生动传神)

"Idon'twanttoseeyouagain,“Lilysaidtonelessly.

“Youdon'tmeanthat,“Jacksaiddesperately.

You'reanidiot,"Lilysaidangrily.

对话并不难写。只要记住在任何时候都要生动逼真。在准确的对话格式的前提下,确保你写的所有内容都

是螃示出来的,不是简单直接地告诉读者在那个场景中发生了什么或者说了什么。省略副词或者不要过度

使用副词。这些简单的规则可以帮助你写出出色的对话。

PossibleanswersforExercise3

Lilyturnedawayandcrossedherarms."Idon'twanttoseeyouagain.”

“Youdon'tmeanthat."Jackpushedtohisfeetinarush.

Sheglaredathim."You'rean

读后续写微技能氛围营造法之一:g大场景描写技能

好的读后续写必然要有好的故事氛围。而好的故事氛围要受到多个故事元素的影响:场景、用词选择、对

话、独白、语言节奏和修辞法等等。文学中的(mood)是一种写作的氛围或普遍基调,它是读者在阅读文

本时候的一种情绪体验,也是作者想要给读者营造的一种故事氛围。故事场景是情绪体验的核心因素。故

事的背景和每一个场景的视觉,嗅觉和听觉等其他感官能够营蚩出一种特定的气氛。今天小编就想从场景

描写这个角度来谈谈如何营造(mood)。Whattowrite?(写什么?)

Wherediditlakeplace?

Whendidithappen?

What'stheweatherlike?

Whatarethesocialconditions?

Whatisthelandscapelike?

Whatspecialdetailstoadd?

Howtowritewell?(怎么写?)

Technique1:Personification(拟人〕

Description/purpose:

Givesanobjectthecharacteristicsofalivingthing,bringingittolife

Examples:

Theflowersnodded.

Snowflakesdanced.

Thundergrumbled.

Fogcreptin.

II

Thewindhowled.

Thehauntedhouseseemedtostareatme,beckoningmetowardsthedoor.

Technique2:simile(明喻)

Description/purpose:

Simileslikenssomethingtosomethingelsegivingamoredetaileddescription

Examples:

Thenightskywasasdarkasthedeepestocean.

Thestarssparkledlikediamonds.

Thesnakemovedlikearippleonapond.

Technique3:metaphor(暗喻)

Description/purpose:

Metaphorssaythatsomethingissomethingelse,givingthedescriptionmorepower

Examples:

Awaveofterrorwashedoverhim.

Technique4:Vividadjectives(生动的形容词)

Description/puipose:

Tomakethestorymoreinterestingandvividbyusingmoreimaginativedescriptions,sometimesinalist

Examples:

Gleaming,glistening,whisperyflakesofsnow

Technique5:Negativedescriplion(否定描述)

Dcscription/purposc:

Totellthereaderwhatisnotthereisaneffectivewayofshowinghowunpleasant,comfortlessaplaceis

Examples:

Therewasnocushion,nocarpet,nowamith,nolightandnocomfort.

Technique6:Camera-panandzoom(摄影-全景+放大)

Description/purpose:

Tousetheideaofhowafilmdirectorworks,youcangiveawiderviewthenfocusinononedetail

Examples:

Fromthewitheringtreeshelookedpastthelitteredfarmyard,acrosstothedecrepithovel.Itsdoorshungsadly

awry,thehandlebroken.

Technique7:Nounsfordetails(细节名词)

Description/puipose:

Scenesarcfilledwiththingsthatwcseeandthereforeuseslotsofnouns,evenlistsofnounstoconveywhatis

there.

12

Examples;

Theroomswerecrowdedwithlanternsfastenedonoakpaneledwalls,tableslaidwithsilvercandlesticksand

goblets.

Technique8:Senses(感官)

Description/purpose:

ALofoursensesbecomeawareinanewsituationorplace.Yourreaderneedstoknowhowyourcharacteris

feeling.

Examples:

Waftsofsalt-ladenairwereinhernostrilsastheskitterysandonherfeetledhertotheedgeofthewaves.

Goodsettingdescriptionforapprec:ation(佳“景"赏析)

1.Thehousesmelledmustyanddamp,andalittlesweet,asifitwerehauntedbytheghostsoflong-deadcookies.

2.Thesunkeptdippingdowninto:heoceanandthelightscameonattheharbor,castingsuddenshadowsonthe

ground,illuminatingthefacesthatwerejustasecondagosilhouettes.Theskywasgoldenandpurple,theoceana

darkershadeofviolet.

3.Thesunhadset,butafaintpastelhazelingeredinthemid-summersky.

4.Theyrolledupthepath,treebranchesrakingthewindshieldlikeangrywardens.

5.Outside,theairfilledwithcricketnoise,asthesunreddenedinitsdescent.

6.Arestaurantoverlookingastarlitnightsprangtomyimaginationlikesomethingoutofanilluminated

manuscriptfromthelateMiddleAges.

7.Themoonwentslowlydowninloveliness;shedepartedintothedepthofthehorizon,andlongveil-like

shadowscreptuptheskythroughwhichthestarsappeared.

8.Allbrightnesswasgone,leavingnothing.Westeppedoutofthetentontonothing.Sledgeandtentwerethere.

Estravenstoodbesideme,butneitherhenorIcastanyshadow.Therewasdulllightallaround,everywhere.

Whenwewalkedon(hecrispsnewnoshadowshowedthefootprint.Weleftnotrack.Sledge,:ent,himself,

myself:nothingelseatall.Nosun,nosky,nohorizon,noworld.

9.Nighthadfallenfastupontheland.Nomorethananhouragotheskywaspaintedwithhuesofred.orangeand

pink,butallcolorhadfadedleavingonlyamattblackcanvaswithnostarstobelookedupon.

10.Itwouldbeacoldmoonlessnight.Theskywasdarkandlow,theairsochilledithurttobreathe.Alreadythe

groundwaslaidwhitewithfrostandanywaterthathadbeenliquidunderthewintersunhadbecomeicc.

后续写微技能I氛围营造法之二13大高潮营造法

1Whatisaclimaxofastory?(什么是故事高潮?)

文学故事中的高潮(climax)—故事的主要场景(keyscene)也通常是故事的转折点(lurningpoint),是

指故事达到最紧张或扣人心弦的那一部分。高潮有时候是剧情中的“危机”点。有时候,它只是达到关键

13

时刻或者转折点,发生了一些事情,或者主角必须做出决定,从而导致一个结果或其他。我们在分析叙事类

故事或者小说故事的时候常常用下面的图表来表示故事情节。

常见故事高潮示例:

1.Alittlegirlhasbeensearchingforherlostdog.Allofasudden,shehearsabarkcomingfromaroundthecorner,

andshelooksaroundtosee

2.Kevinhasworkedveiyhardtotryoutforthesoccerteamatschool.Thecoachhaspostedalistofthisyear's

teammembersonhisofficedoor.Kevinwalksforwardtolookat(helist....

3.Mary'sparentshavebeendiscussingwhetherornottomovetoanotherstate.TheycallMaryandhersister

downtotalkwiththemabouttheirdecision

4.Loishasperformedinthestategymnasticsfinals.Shewaitsanxiouslytohearthenamesofthewinners.The

announcersays,°Andfirstplacegoesto...”

文学名著中的一些故事高潮

1.ThedeathsofRomeo(whokillshimselfbecausehethinksJulietisdead)andJuliet(whokillsherselfwhenshe

awakesandseesRomeodead).RomeoandJuliet,Shakespeare(罗密欧和朱丽叶,莎士比亚)

2.WhenGastonandthetownspeoplecometoattackthebeast,andBelleadmitsherloveforthebeast.Beautyand

theBeast,Disney(美女与野兽,迪士尼)

3.In"TheThreeLittlePigs,"suspensebuildsupuntiltheconfrontationbetweenthethirdpigandthewolf.This

confrontationistheclimax.(三只小猪)

2Howtocreateaclimaxofastory?(如何营造故事的高潮?)

方法1.增加外部冲突

增加外部冲突是一种明显有效的可以达到

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