河南省郑州市部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期5月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省郑州市部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ALookingtospotashootingstar?Thesetopstargazingdestinationsoffertheperfectbackdrop.Bringyourfamilyalongandintroducethemtothespectacularnightsky.Herearefourplacestoexperienceastar-filledlandscape.Sossusvlei,NamibiaStayatLittleKulala,aneco-friendlyhotelinthedesert.ItusessolarpowerandislocatedinthelargeKulalaWildernessReserve.YoucanrideinaLandRovertolookforanimalssuchasspringbok,ostrichandoryx.Youcanalsotakeahot-airballoontoseetheNamibDesert,whichistheoldestdesertintheworld.Afteradayofexploring,relaxinyoursmallprivatepool.Atnight,youcanevensleepontherooftopandwatchshootingstarsandtheMilkyWayaboveyou.DeathValleyNationalPark,CaliforniaDeathValleyNationalParkcovers3.4millionacres.Itscleanairandlargeopenspacesmakeitawonderfulplacetowatchshootingstars,meteorshowers,andmanyconstellations.Peopleintheareaworkhardtoreducelightpollutionsothenightskystaysdark.Inwinter,parkrangersofferprogramsthatteachvisitorsaboutstarsandspace.Rome,ItalyForafunfamilyactivity,visitSofitelRomaVillaBorgheseforaneveningpicnicandstargazing.YoucanlearnaboutconstellationsandplanetsthatwerenamedbyancientRomanastronomers.Thehotelisinaformer19th-centurypalaceandisclosetofamousculturalsitesandparksinthecity.NaturalBridgesNationalMonument,UtahThisparkhassomeofthedarkestskiesintheUnitedStates.ItwasthefirstplacetoreceivetheInternationalDarkSkyParkcertification.Hugenaturalstonebridgescreatebeautiful“windows”whereyoucanlookthroughtoseethestars,justlikethePueblopeopledid800yearsago.OneofthemostamazingviewsistheMilkyWayrisingaboveOwachomoBridge.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutSossusvlei,Namibia?A.Itboaststhelargestdesertintheworld.B.Thehotelthereoffersbedroomsforstargazing.C.Touristscancatchsightofallkindsofwildanimalsthere.D.Touristshavethechancetoviewthedesertfromvariousangles.2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNaturalBridgesNationalMonumentasastargazingsite?A.Educationalprogramsaboutstarsandspaceareavailable.B.Thenaturalrockformationsenhancetheviewingexperience.C.Thelocalshavemadehugeeffortstopreservethedarknights.D.ItistheonlyplacetoholdtheInternationalDarkSkyParkcertification.3.Afamilywhowantsbothculturalsightseeingduringthedayandstargazingatnightwouldmostlikelychoose________.A.Sossusvlei,NamibiaB.DeathValleyNationalPark,CaliforniaC.Rome,ItalyD.NaturalBridgesNationalMonument,Utah【答案】1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了四个适合家庭观星旅游的最佳目的地及其特色。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Sossusvlei,Namibia标题下“YoucanrideinaLandRovertolookforanimalssuchasspringbok,ostrichandoryx.Youcanalsotakeahot-airballoontoseetheNamibDesert,whichistheoldestdesertintheworld.(你可以乘坐路虎寻找跳羚、鸵鸟和羚羊等动物。您还可以乘坐热气球游览纳米布沙漠，这是世界上最古老的沙漠)”可知，游客可以通过多种方式观赏沙漠，即从不同角度欣赏。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据NaturalBridgesNationalMonument,Utah标题下“Hugenaturalstonebridgescreatebeautiful“windows”whereyoucanlookthroughtoseethestars,justlikethePueblopeopledid800yearsago.(巨大的天然石桥创造了美丽的“窗户”，你可以透过窗户看到星星，就像800年前的普韦布洛人一样)”可知，天然石桥形成了美丽的“窗户”供游客透过观赏星星，由此可推断天然岩石构造增强了观星体验。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Rome,Italy标题下“Thehotelisinaformer19th-centurypalaceandisclosetofamousculturalsitesandparksinthecity.(酒店位于一座19世纪的宫殿中，靠近城市中著名的文化景点和公园)”以及“Forafunfamilyactivity,visitSofitelRomaVillaBorgheseforaneveningpicnicandstargazing.(作为一个有趣的家庭活动，可以去SofitelRomaVillaBorghese野餐和观星)”可知，罗马既有著名文化景点供白天游览，又有晚间观星活动，最符合需求。BCharlesRobertDarwinwasbornon12February1809inShropshire,England.Darwin’schildhoodpassionwasscience,andhisinterestinchemistry,however,wasclear;hewasevennicknamed‘Gas’byhisclassmates.In1825,hisfathersenthimtostudymedicineatEdinburghUniversity,wherehelearnedhowtoclassifyplants.DarwinbecamepassionateaboutnaturalhistoryandthisbecamehisfocuswhilehestudiedatCambridge.DarwinwentonavoyagetogetherwithRobertFitzroy,thecaptainofHMSBeagle,toSouthAmericatofacilitateBritishtradeinPatagonia.Thejourneywaslife-changing.Darwinspentmuchofthetriponlandcollectingsamplesofplants,animalsandrocks,whichhelpedhimtodevelopanunderstandingoftheprocessesthatshapetheEarth’ssurface.Darwin’sanalysisoftheplantsandanimalsthathegatheredledhimtoexpressdoubtsonformerexplanationsabouthowspeciesformedandevolvedovertime.Darwin’sworkconvincedhimthatnaturalselectionwaskeytounderstandingthedevelopmentofthenaturalworld.Thetheoryofnaturalselectionsaysthatindividualsofaspeciesaremorelikelytosurvivewhentheyinherit(经遗传获得)characteristicsbestsuitedforthatspecificenvironment.Thesefeaturesthenbecomemorewidespreadandcanleadeventuallytothedevelopmentofanewspecies.Withnaturalselection,Darwinarguedhowawidevarietyoflifeformsdevelopedovertimefromasinglecommonancestor.Darwinmarriedhiscousin,EmmaWedgwood,in1839.WhenDarwin’seldestdaughter,Annie,diedfromasuddenillnessin1851,helosthisbeliefinGod.Histenthandfinalchild,CharlesWaringDarwin,wasbornin1856.SignificantlyforDarwin,thisbabywasdisabled,alteringhowDarwinthoughtaboutthehumanspecies.Darwinhadpreviouslythoughtthatspeciesremainedadapteduntiltheenvironmentchanged;henowbelievedthateverynewvariationwasimperfectandthatastruggletosurvivewaswhatdrovespeciestoadapt.Thoughrejectedatthebeginning,Darwin’stheoryofevolutionbynaturalselectionisnowadayswellacceptedbythescientificcommunityasthebestevidence-basedexplanationforthediversityandcomplexityoflifeonEarth.TheNaturalHistoryMuseum’slibraryalonehas478editionsofhisOntheOriginofSpeciesin38languages.4.WhatmadeDarwinreconsidertheoriginanddevelopmentofspecies?A.Examiningplantsandanimalscollected.B.Hisdesireforavoyagetodifferentcontinents.C.ClassifyingsamplesinajourneytoSouthAmerica.D.HispassionfornaturalhistoryatEdinburghUniversity.5.Wecanlearnfromparagraphs1to3thatDarwin________.A.usednaturalselectiontodevelopnewspeciesB.enjoyedbeingcallednicknamesrelatedtoscienceC.learnedsomeknowledgeaboutplantswhenstudyingmedicineD.arguedwithothersoverthediversityoflifeformsforalongperiod6.WhichofthefollowingchangedDarwin’sviewonthehumanspecies?A.Thathehadtenchildreninall. B.Hisyoungestson’sbeingdisabled.C.Thathelosthiseldestdaughter. D.HismarriagewithEmmaWedgwood.7.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.Darwin’spassionformedicalscience B.Darwin’stheoryandexperimentsC.CharlesDarwin’schanginginterest D.CharlesDarwin’slifeandwork【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇人物传记，讲述了查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的生平、科学兴趣、重要理论以及他的个人生活。【4题详析】细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句“Darwin’sanalysisoftheplantsandanimalsthathegatheredledhimtoexpressdoubtsonformerexplanationsabouthowspeciesformedandevolvedovertime.”（达尔文对所收集的植物和动物的分析使他开始质疑过去关于物种如何形成和随时间演化的解释。）可知，达尔文对所收集的植物和动物的分析使他对物种的起源和发展产生质疑和重新审议。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句“In1825,hisfathersenthimtostudymedicineatEdinburghUniversity,wherehelearnedhowtoclassifyplants.”（1825年，他的父亲送他去爱丁堡大学学医，在那里他学会了如何对植物进行分类。）可推断，达尔文在学医时候了解到了关于植物的知识。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句和三句“Histenthandfinalchild,CharlesWaringDarwin,wasbornin1856.SignificantlyforDarwin,thisbabywasdisabled,alteringhowDarwinthoughtaboutthehumanspecies.”（他的第十个也是最后一个孩子查尔斯·沃林·达尔文于1856年出生。对达尔文来说，这个婴儿是残疾的，这改变了达尔文对人类物种的看法。）可知，达尔文最小的孩子的先天残疾使达尔文改变了人类物种的看法。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章前三段主要讲述了查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的生平、学业经历、科学兴趣对其理论形成和发展的影响。第四段讲述了他的家庭和个人生活、最后一段讲述了达尔文理论的地位和影响。因此，文章主要讲述了达尔文的生活和工作。故选D项。CThosewhohadthepleasureofwatchingBennyGoodmanatworksawaratherordinary-lookingmaninrimlessglassesandaconservativebusinesssuit;buttheyalsosawahumanbeingwhocouldplaytheclarinet(单簧管)likenoonebeforeorsince.ThismadeBennyGoodmanauniqueindividual.OtherAmericanswhohavestoodoutfromtheflockincludeJoeDiMaggio,BeverlySill,ErnestHemingwayandJonasSalk.They,likeBennyGoodman,wererecognizedandhonoredfornootherreasonthanexcellence.Itisdoingsomethingbetterthanotherpeoplethatmakesusunique.Yetasurprisingnumberofpeoplestillseeindividualityasasurfacething.Theyweargarishclothes,dyetheirhairstrangecolorsanddecoratetheirskinwithtattoostomakesomekindofsocialstatement.Butanordinaryguywhohasdyedhishairpurpleororangeisnothingmorethanthesamepersonwithafunny-lookinghead.Thewholepurposeofindividualityisexcellence.Thosewhoinvent,whoimprovise(即兴发挥),whoknowmoreaboutasubjectthanotherpeopledo,andwhotakesomethingthatdoesn’tworkandmakeitwork––thesepeoplearetheverysoulofcapitalism.CharlesKetteringdidn’tliketheideaofcrankingacartomakeitstart,soheinventedtheelectricstarter.HenryFordfiguredouttheassembly-linetechniqueandmadeitpossibletomass-produceautomobiles,andElishaOtis,inventoroftheelevator,indirectlycreatedthecitysky-line.Thesepeopleunderstoodthatindividualismmeansworkingatthetopofone’scapacity.Theoneswiththepurplehairandthefunkyjewelryarejustalongfortheride,tryingtobe“different”andnotknowinghowtogoaboutit.ThestudentwhoearnsstraightA’sonhisreportcardhasgraspedtheideaandhasfoundtherealmeaningofindividuality.Sohastheyoungsterwhohasdesignedhisownspaceship,whogivespianorecitals,whopaintspicturesoftheworldaroundhim.BennyGoodmanunderstoodittoo.Thisiswhyhewasathisbest,blowinghisclarinet,inabluesuitandblackshoes.8.TheauthormentionstheappearanceofBennyGoodmanto_________.A.showwhatatalentedmusicianshouldlooklikeB.introduceanimportantfigureinthemusicalworldC.contrastwithhistalentinmusicperformanceD.indicatethathecan’tstandoutfromtheflock9.Theauthorwouldmostprobablyagreethat_________.A.anindividualisttendstoseekdifferencebothincharacterandappearanceB.theessenceofindividualismliesinpursuingexcellencetothefullC.beingdifferentinappearanceistheveryfirststeptobeingindividualD.thosewhostrivetowintherecognitionofothersarerealindividualists10.Accordingtothepassage,whichindividual’sactionsmaynottrulyembodytheessenceofindividualism?A.Ascientistwhoconductsresearchsolelyadvancingknowledgeforthegreatergoodratherthanforpersonalrecognition.B.Asocialmediainfluencerwhoconformstopopularopinionstomaintainalargefollowing.C.Anartistwhocreatesuniqueworksbutfailtogainfameandrecognitionfromothers.D.Anentrepreneurwhoprioritizesethicalconsiderationsoverprofitinhisbusinesspractices.11.Forthemainthread,thearticleisorganizedbywayof__________.A.specifictogeneral B.causeandeffectC.examplesandconclusion D.comparisonandcontrast【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是个人主义，个人主义有什么特点。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ThosewhohadthepleasureofwatchingBennyGoodmanatworksawaratherordinary-lookingmaninrimlessglassesandaconservativebusinesssuit;buttheyalsosawahumanbeingwhocouldplaytheclarinet(单簧管)likenoonebeforeorsince.ThismadeBennyGoodmanauniqueindividual.(那些有幸观看本尼·古德曼工作的人看到的是一个相当普通的人，戴着无框眼镜，穿着保守的西装;但他们也看到了一个能演奏单簧管的人，在这之前和之后都没有人能做到。这使本尼·古德曼成为一个独特的个体。)”可知，作者提到本尼·古德曼的外表与他在音乐表演方面的天赋形成对比。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thewholepurposeofindividualityisexcellence.Thosewhoinvent,whoimprovise(即兴发挥),whoknowmoreaboutasubjectthanotherpeopledo,andwhotakesomethingthatdoesn’tworkandmakeitwork—thesepeoplearetheverysoulofcapitalism.(个性的全部目的就是追求卓越。那些发明创造，即兴发挥，比别人更了解一个主题，并采取无效的东西，并使其发挥作用的人-这些人是资本主义的灵魂。)”可知，作者可能同意个人主义的本质在于追求卓越。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“CharlesKetteringdidn’tliketheideaofcrankingacartomakeitstart,soheinventedtheelectricstarter.HenryFordfiguredouttheassembly-linetechniqueandmadeitpossibletomass-produceautomobiles,andElishaOtis,inventoroftheelevator,indirectlycreatedthecitysky-line.Thesepeopleunderstoodthatindividualismmeansworkingatthetopofone’scapacity.(查尔斯·凯特林不喜欢用曲棍发动汽车，所以他发明了电动启动器。亨利·福特发明了装配线技术，使大规模生产汽车成为可能，而电梯的发明者伊莱沙·奥蒂斯间接地创造了城市的天际线。这些人明白，个人主义意味着尽自己最大的努力工作。)”可知，一个符合大众观点保持大量追随者的社交媒体影响者不能真正体现个人主义的本质。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“ThosewhohadthepleasureofwatchingBennyGoodmanatworksawaratherordinary-lookingmaninrimlessglassesandaconservativebusinesssuit;buttheyalsosawahumanbeingwhocouldplaytheclarinet(单簧管)likenoonebeforeorsince.ThismadeBennyGoodmanauniqueindividual.(那些有幸观看本尼·古德曼工作的人看到的是一个相当普通的人，戴着无框眼镜，穿着保守的西装;但他们也看到了一个能演奏单簧管的人，在这之前和之后都没有人能做到。这使本尼·古德曼成为一个独特的个体。)”和第三段“Itisdoingsomethingbetterthanotherpeoplethatmakesusunique.Yetasurprisingnumberofpeoplestillseeindividualityasasurfacething.Theyweargarishclothes,dyetheirhairstrangecolorsanddecoratetheirskinwithtattoostomakesomekindofsocialstatement.Butanordinaryguywhohasdyedhishairpurpleororangeisnothingmorethanthesamepersonwithafunny-lookinghead.(比别人做得更好让我们与众不同。然而，令人惊讶的是，仍有相当多的人认为个性只是表面现象。他们穿着花哨的衣服，把头发染成奇怪的颜色，用纹身装饰自己的皮肤，以表达某种社会声明。但是一个把头发染成紫色或橙色的普通人只不过是一个长着滑稽脑袋的人。)”可知，本文主要采用比较和对比的方式进行组织。故选D。DArchaeologistsworkinginEgypt’sNileDeltamayhavediscoveredastructuredatingbackaround2,600yearswhiletestinganewtechnologydesignedtolocatestructuresburieddeepbeneaththesurface.TheteamwasstudyingtheButosite,theruinsofanancientcitythatwasoccupiedfromthePredynasticperiodtotheEarlyIslamicera.Duringitslonghistory,Butowasbuilt,destroyed,andrebuilt,andconsequentlyhasseverallayers,eachpotentiallyarichsourceofarchaeologicalremains.However,theoldestpartsofthecityarenowburiedbeneathlaterruinsandthickmuddeposits.Thiswouldmaketraditionaldiggingdifficult,time-consuming,andexpensive,asarchaeologistshavetomovelargetonsofdebrisorstrugglewithgroundwatertoreachlowerlevels.Theresearchersweretrialinganintegratedapproachthatusessatelliteradarandelectricalresistivitytomography(ERT).TheteamstartedwithSentinel-1radarsatellitestoidentifylarge-scaleanomalies(异常事物)fromspace.Whenitdetectedsomethingofinterest,theyfollowedupwithERT,whichsendselectricalcurrentsbetweenaseriesofelectrodesplacedinthegroundtocreateathree-dimensionalmodelofsubsurfacestructuresbasedonhowdifferentmaterialsconductorresistelectricity.Thistechniquehasbeenlikenedtoanunderground“CTscan”.Thescansshowedthatwhiletheupperlayerscontainedremainsfromlaterhistoricalperiods,alarge,well-definedstructurelayatadepthofbetweenthreeandsixmeters,datingbackabout2,600years.Atthisstage,theresearchersthoughtitcouldbealargetombortemple.Guidedbytheseresults,theycarriedoutasmallexcavation(挖掘),whichuncoveredmudbrickwallsandreligiousartifactswherethesensorshadpredicted.Theresultsofthisstudydemonstratetheeffectivenessofcombininggeophysicalmeasurementsandremotesensingdata,whichcanaccuratelydetectburiedsettlementsinacomplexregion.Theresearchersnowplantoexpandthesesurveyswithlargerequipmenttoreachevendeeper,olderlevelsandtheybelievetheirintegratedapproachcanbeusedtomapotherarchaeologicalsitesbeforeanyonehastopickupashovel.12.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthetechnologyusedinthestudy?A.Touncoverancientartifactswithoutdisturbingthesite.B.Toassistarchaeologistsinidentifyingwheretoexcavate.C.ToexaminethehistoricallayersoftheButositeindetail.D.Toreplacetraditionalexcavationwithadvancedimagingtools.13.WhyistraditionalexcavationatButoconsideredchallenging?A.Thesitecontainsremainsfrommultiplehistoricalperiods.B.Themudbrickstructuresaretoofragiletosurviveexcavation.C.Theequipmentrequiredisnotavailableforlarge-scaledigging.D.Thedeeperlayersarehiddenbeneathlaterdepositsandgroundwater.14.Whatistheroleofelectricalresistivitytomography(ERT)intheresearch?A.Itgeneratesa3Dimageofundergroundstructures.B.Itdetectslarge-scaleanomaliesfromsatelliteimages.C.Itremovesobstaclesthatblockaccesstodeeperlayers.D.Itdetermineswhetherasitecontainsvaluableartifacts.15.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheintegratedapproachusedbytheresearchers?A.Itwillcompletelyreplacetraditionalexcavation.B.Itenablesmoreefficientarchaeologicalexploration.C.Itismainlyusefulforstudyingsurface-levelremains.D.Itcombinessatelliteradarwithground-basedmethods.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【语篇解读】文章介绍考古学家在埃及尼罗三角洲运用新型探测技术，发现一处两千六百年前古建筑，并说明该技术优势与应用前景。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ArchaeologistsworkinginEgypt’sNileDeltamayhavediscoveredastructuredatingbackaround2,600yearswhiletestinganewtechnologydesignedtolocatestructuresburieddeepbeneaththesurface.(在埃及尼罗河三角洲工作的考古学家，在测试一项旨在定位深埋地下建筑的新技术时，发现了一座约2600年前的建筑)”以及第四段“Guidedbytheseresults,theycarriedoutasmallexcavation,whichuncoveredmudbrickwallsandreligiousartifactswherethesensorshadpredicted.(在这些结果的指导下，他们进行了小规模挖掘，在设备预测的位置挖出了泥砖墙和宗教文物)”可知，这项新技术主要用来帮助考古学家确定挖掘位置。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,theoldestpartsofthecityarenowburiedbeneathlaterruinsandthickmuddeposits.Thiswouldmaketraditionaldiggingdifficult,time-consuming,andexpensive,asarchaeologistshavetomovelargetonsofdebrisorstrugglewithgroundwatertoreachlowerlevels.(然而，这座城市最古老的部分如今被后期遗迹和厚厚的淤泥沉积物掩埋。这使得传统挖掘难度大、耗时长、成本高，考古人员需要搬运大量渣土，还要应对地下水才能挖到深层区域)”可知，传统挖掘难度大是因为深层遗迹被后期沉积物覆盖，还存在地下水阻碍。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenitdetectedsomethingofinterest,theyfollowedupwithERT,whichsendselectricalcurrentsbetweenaseriesofelectrodesplacedinthegroundtocreateathree-dimensionalmodelofsubsurfacestructuresbasedonhowdifferentmaterialsconductorresistelectricity.(当卫星发现可疑点位后，研究人员启用ERT技术，在地面布设电极输送电流，依据不同材料的导电、阻电特性，生成地下建筑的三维模型)”可知，ERT技术的核心作用是生成地下结构的三维影像。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theresultsofthisstudydemonstratetheeffectivenessofcombininggeophysicalmeasurementsandremotesensingdata,whichcanaccuratelydetectburiedsettlementsinacomplexregion.Theresearchersnowplantoexpandthesesurveyswithlargerequipmenttoreachevendeeper,olderlevelsandtheybelievetheirintegratedapproachcanbeusedtomapotherarchaeologicalsitesbeforeanyonehastopickupashovel.(研究结果证明，结合地球物理探测与遥感数据的方式十分高效，能精准定位复杂区域的地下遗址。研究人员计划升级设备探测更深层古迹，还表示这套综合方法可在实地挖掘前完成多处考古遗址勘测)”可知，这套综合探测技术无需大规模人工开挖，精准高效，能提升考古勘探整体效率。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Eachnight,astheworldquiets,thebodyslipsintosleep.____16____.Yet,whentreatingsleepassacred,notoptional,youtransformthesimpleactintoaspiritualpracticethatnurturesbothbodyandsouleachnight.CircadianrhythmassacredrhythmCircadianrhythm,yourbody’snaturalclock,regulatesyoursleep,appetite,mood,andenergy.It’srecommendedtosupportyourinternalrhythmbyturningeveningsintointentional,restorativepractices.Warm,dimlighting,calmingsoundsandscents,andphone-freemomentssignalyourbodyandmindthatit’stimetounwind.____17____.AchanceforyoursoultoplayWhileyousleep,yoursoulgetstodowhatitcan’tduringdailylife.Sometimes,youmayfindrenewalthroughstillness,allowingthespirittorecharge.____18____.Attimes,yourinnerlandscapemaybringgentlemessagesofreassurance,wisdomandunseensupportfromlovedonesorspiritguides.Sleepasaformofmeditation(冥想)Likemeditation,sleepoffersaquietinwardpathforspiritualhealingandinnerawareness.Dreamsactasmirrorsofthesubconscious,revealingemotionalpatternsandunspokentruths.____19____.Itcanclearmentalburdensandalloweachdaytobeginwithrenewedclarity.____20____Dreamsprovidecreativeinspirationandcanactasspiritualguides.Bynoticingpatterns,symbols,andrepeatedthemes,youcanuncoverinsightsintoyouremotions,challenges,andlifepath.Sometraditionsevenviewdreamsasaformofcommunionwithhigherconsciousness,offeringguidanceandsubtlemessagesthatsupportpersonalgrowth.A.AmirrorofdailylifeB.Dreams’workandinnerguidanceC.SleepalsoservesasamentalresetD.ThisstateofdeeprestiswhentruehealingbeginsE.ItisoftenviewedmerelyasaroutinephysicalnecessityF.ThesecozysensorycuesnaturallyharmonizeourinnerclockG.Onothernights,yoursoulmaywander,exploringtheimagination【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.C20.B【语篇解读】主要介绍睡眠不只是生理需求，还具有滋养身心、疗愈心灵及提供内在指引等精神层面的价值。【16题详析】根据前文“Eachnight,astheworldquiets,thebodyslipsintosleep.(每到夜晚万籁俱寂时，身体便进入睡眠状态。)”以及后文“Yet,whentreatingsleepassacred,notoptional,youtransformthesimpleactintoaspiritualpracticethatnurturesbothbodyandsouleachnight.(然而若把睡眠视作神圣之事而非可有可无，就能将它变成滋养身心的精神修行。)”可知，前后存在转折关系，E选项“Itisoftenviewedmerelyasaroutinephysicalnecessity(它往往只被看作日常的生理必需)”承接后文转折逻辑，符合语境。【17题详析】根据空前“Warm,dimlighting,calmingsoundsandscents,andphone-freemomentssignalyourbodyandmindthatit’stimetounwind.(温暖柔和的光线、舒缓的声息与气息、远离手机的时刻，都在向身心发出放松的信号。)”可知，此处要说明这些方式对人体生物钟的作用，F选项“Thesecozysensorycuesnaturallyharmonizeourinnerclock(这些舒适的感官暗示能自然调和我们的内在生物钟)”中Thesecozysensorycues指代前文各类放松方式，衔接紧密，符合语境。【18题详析】根据前文“Sometimes,youmayfindrenewalthroughstillness,allowingthespirittorecharge.(有时你能在静谧中获得新生，让心灵恢复活力。)”以及后文“Attimes,yourinnerlandscapemaybringgentlemessagesofreassurance,wisdomandunseensupportfromlovedonesorspiritguides.(有时内心世界会带来慰藉、智慧以及来自亲友或心灵向导的无形支持。)”可知，前后为并列的两种情况，G选项“Onothernights,yoursoulmaywander,exploringtheimagination(在另一些夜晚，你的心灵会自由徜徉，驰骋想象)”与前后句式呼应，逻辑连贯，符合语境。【19题详析】根据前文“Dreamsactasmirrorsofthesubconscious,revealingemotionalpatternsandunspokentruths.(梦境是潜意识的镜子，展露情绪模式与未言说的真相。)”以及后文“Itcanclearmentalburdensandalloweachdaytobeginwithrenewedclarity.(它能清空精神负担，让人以全新的清晰状态开启每一天。)”可知，空格处说明睡眠的心理调节作用，C选项“Sleepalsoservesasamentalreset(睡眠也起到心理重置的作用)”承上启下，符合语境。【20题详析】此处为段落小标题，根据后文“Dreamsprovidecreativeinspirationandcanactasspiritualguides.Bynoticingpatterns,symbols,andrepeatedthemes,youcanuncoverinsightsintoyouremotions,challenges,andlifepath.(梦境带来创作灵感，可充当心灵向导，解读梦境能洞悉情绪、困境与人生方向。)”可知，本段围绕梦境的作用和内在指引展开，B选项“Dreams’workandinnerguidance(梦境的作用与内在指引)”可概括本段主旨，适合作小标题。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）ThepeopleoftheMakahNationhavelivedonWashingtonState’sOlympicPeninsulaforthousandsofyears.TheycallthemselvesKwi-dich-cha-at,which___21___“peoplewholivebyrocksandseagulls.”TheshorternameofMakah,giventothembyneighboringNativeAmericanpeoples,means“generouswithfood.”BeforethewhitesettlersarrivedintheAmericanNorthwest,theMakahhuntedgrayandhumpbackwhalesfromcanoesmadefromthewesternredcedartree.Whales___22___meat,blubber(鲸脂),andboneforfood,oil,andutensils.TheMakahenjoyedalivelytradeinwhaleproductswithotherNativeAmericansandlaterwithanintensityandefficiencythatquickly___23___thenumbersofthesecreatures.TheMakahrelationshiptothewhales,ontheotherhand,wasasmuch___24___asmaterial.Whalesandwhalingwere___25___intheirsongsanddances.Imagesofwhaleswere___26___intoblanketsandbasketsandcarvedinstoneandwood.Bythe1920s,withlocalwhalesonthebrink(边缘)of___27___,theMakahstoppedhuntingthemaltogether.Through___28___preservationmeasures,whalesreturnedtothewatersofftheOlympicPeninsulasoon.Inthe1970s,archeologistsdiscoveredmanyobjectsthatconfirmedthelongandsignificantrelationshipbetweentheMakahandwhales.Thisawareness___29___aculturalresurgence(复兴)thatincludedafocusontraditionalfoodsandthehealthproblemsthatsomepeoplelinkedtochangesintheMakahdiet,especiallythe___30___ofseamammalmeatfromit.Eventually,theMakahdecidedtoresumehuntingwhales.___31___theirplansfacedstrongoppositionfromdifferentgroups,theycitedan1885treaty(条约)signedwiththeUSgovernmentthat___32___therighttocontinuethispractice.Afteryearsofplanning,theMakahscheduledthefirsthuntforthelatefallof1998.Theysucceededinbringinginagraywhaleaboutsixmonthslater.TodaytheMakahhuntwhalesinthe___33___way.Diversenterthewaterandtiethekilledwhale’sjawsshuttopreventtheanimalfromsinking.Thewhalesarefinallytowedtoshoreandcutintopieces___34___traditionalrituals(仪式).TheblubberandmeatisdistributedamongMakahfamilies.Nopartofthewhalecanbesold___35___,althoughartifactsthatMakahcarversmakefrombonesareoftenavailableforpurchase.21.A.guides B.boasts C.means D.indicates22.A.provided B.produced C.confused D.wasted23.A.decreased B.increased C.limited D.divided24.A.artificial B.theoretical C.spiritual D.physical25.A.rhythm B.subjects C.influence D.targets26.A.put B.transferred C.printed D.woven27.A.extinction B.collapse C.destruction D.disaster28.A.simple B.moderate C.aggressive D.contemporary29.A.contributedto B.addedto C.referredto D.respondedto30.A.abundance B.disappearance C.diversity D.familiarity31.A.Unless B.Before C.If D.Although32.A.demanded B.had C.contained D.guaranteed33.A.convenient B.traditional C.practical D.proper34.A.withregardto B.inaccordancewith C.inplaceof D.atthecostof35.A.globally B.secretly C.commercially D.cheaply【答案】21.C22.A23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.D33.B34.B35.C【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了马卡族与鲸鱼的悠久关系、保护与复兴捕鲸传统的历程。【21题详析】考查动词。句意：他们自称Kwi-dich-cha-at，意思是“靠岩石和海鸥生活的人”。A.guides引导；B.boasts夸耀；C.means意思是；D.indicates表明。根据前文“TheycallthemselvesKwi-dich-cha-at”可知，此处解释该名称的含义，表示Kwi-dich-cha-at的意思是什么。【22题详析】考查动词。句意：鲸鱼为他们提供肉、鲸脂和骨头，用作食物、油和器具。A.provided提供；B.produced生产；C.confused使困惑；D.wasted浪费。根据后文“meat,blubber,andboneforfood,oil,andutensils”可知，鲸鱼提供了这些材料。【23题详析】考查动词。句意：马卡族人在鲸鱼产品方面进行了活跃的贸易，后来这种贸易的强度和效率迅速降低了这些生物的数量。A.decreased减少；B.increased增加；C.limited限制；D.divided划分。根据后文“whalesonthebrinkofextinction”可知，过度捕猎导致数量下降，所以此处指捕鲸使鲸鱼数量急剧减少。【24题详析】考查形容词。句意：另一