专业英语Lesson 5.ppt

1、2020/7/10,高分子专业英语 Special English for Polymer Science,主讲：彭采宇 Email: ,2020/7/10,UNIT 6 Molecular Weight and its Distributions of Polymers,2020/7/10,1,2,2020/7/10,1,2,e.g. : In most instances, the calculations might not be accurate,2020/7/10,(1)This is out of question an example of an important princi

2、ple that applies to all machines. (2)You must remember that the laws that apply to air apply to all other gases.,1,2020/7/10,(1)A solid is different from a liquid in that the solid has definite shape. (2)In that he is the chairman, he should preside the meeting,2,An ax is used to apply force to wood

3、.,2020/7/10,1,The answers may lie in a close reexamination of the fossil evidence.,2020/7/10,Various methods are available for the experimental measurement of the average molecular weight of a polymer sample. These include methods based on colligative properties, light scattering, viscosity, ultrace

4、ntrifugation, and sedimentation. The various methods do not yield the same average molecular weight. Different average molecular weights are obtained because the properties being measured are biased differently toward the different sized polymer molecules in a polymer sample.,2020/7/10,Some methods

5、are biased toward the larger sized polymer molecules, while other methods are biased toward the smaller sized molecules. The result is that the average molecular weights obtained are correspondingly biased toward the larger or smaller sized molecules. The most important average molecular weights whi

6、ch are determined are the number-average molecular weight Mn, the weight-average molecular weight Mw and the viscosity-average molecular weight Mv.,E.g.: Its not unusual to see test plans biased toward functional testing.,biased toward：偏重（偏倚）于，偏爱,2020/7/10,In addition to the different average molecu

7、lar weights of a polymer sample, it is frequently desirable and necessary to know the exact distribution of molecular weights. A variety of different fractionation methods are used to determine the molecular weight distribution of a polymer sample. These are based on fractionation of a polymer sampl

8、e using properties, such as solubility and permeability which vary with molecular weight.,OdianG. Principles of Polymerization, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1973. 19,2020/7/10,聚合物相关专业词汇 1. macromolecule, polymer 高分子，又称“大分子”。 2. supra polymer 超高分子 3. natural polymer 天然高分子 4. inorganic polymer无

9、机高分子 5. organic polymer有机高分子 6. inorganic organic polymer无机-有机高分子 7. organometallicpolymer金属有机聚合物 8. element polymer元素高分子 9. oligomer低聚物, 齐聚物“ 10. dimer二聚体11. trimer三聚体12. prepolymer预聚物 13. regular polymer 规整聚合物 14. irregular polymer 非规整聚合物,2020/7/10,15. atacticpolymer无规立构聚合物 16. isotacticpolymer 全同

10、立构聚合物, 又称等规聚合物“ 17. syndiotacticpolymer 间同立构聚合物, 又称间规聚合物” 18. heterotacticpolymer 杂同立构聚合物, 又称异规聚合物” 19. stereoregularpolymer, tactic polymer 有规立构聚合物, “有规聚合物” 20. amphiphilicblock copolymer 两亲嵌段共聚物 21. Heteropolymer杂聚物 22. azeotropiccopolymer 恒组分共聚物 23. multicomponentcopolymer 多组分共聚物 24. monodisperse

11、polymer, uniform polymer 单分散聚合物 25. polydispersepolymer, non-uniform polymer 多分散性聚合物 26. polyblend, polymer blend 高分子共混物 27. polymer-metal complex 聚合物-金属配合物,2020/7/10,29. single-strand polymer 单股聚合物 30. double-strand polymer 双股聚合物 31. multi-strand polymer多股聚合物 32. carbon chain polymer 碳链聚合物 33. hete

12、rochainpolymer 杂链聚合物 34. heterocyclic polymer 杂环高分子 35. macrocyclicpolymer 大环聚合物 36. straight chain polymer 直链高分子 37. linear polymer 线型聚合物 38. three-dimensionalpolymer体型聚合物, 又称“网络聚合物(network polymer)”、交联聚合物(crosslinkedpolymer) 。 39. living polymer活性高分子 40. Reactivepolymer反应性聚合物 41. polar polymer 极性聚

13、合物 42. non-polar polymer 非极性聚合物 43. rigid chain polymer 刚性链聚合物 44. dendrimer, dendriticpolymer, tree polymer 树状高分子 45. branchedpolymer支化聚合物,2020/7/10,46. hyperbranchedpolymer 超支化聚合物 47. graft polymer 接枝聚合物 48. core shell copolymer 核-壳共聚物 49. core shell latex polymer 核-壳胶乳聚合物 50. chiralpolymer 手性高分子

14、51. interpenetrating polymer networks, IPN 互穿聚合物网络 52. semi-interpenetrating polymer network半互穿聚合物网络 53. conjugated polymer共轭聚合物 54. synthetic polymer 合成聚合物 55. addition polymer 加成聚合物 56. commodity polymer 通用高分子 57. functional polymer 功能高分子 58. Biomimetic polymer 仿生高分子 59. shape-memory polymer 形状记忆高

15、分子 60. enzyme like polymer 类酶高分子 61. biopolymer生物高分子 62. bioelastomer生物弹性体,Chiral molecules,2020/7/10,63. bioactive polymer 生物活性高分子 64. bioerodablepolymer 生物可蚀性高分子 65. biodegradable polymer生物降解高分子 66. medical polymer 医用高分子 67. biomedical polymer 生物医用高分子 68. degradable polymer 降解性高分子 69. high performance polymer 高性能高分子 70. high modulus polymer 高模量聚合物 71. specialitypolymer 特殊性能高分子, 又称特种高分子“ 72. intelligent polymer 智能聚合物 73. hydrophilic polymer 亲水聚合物 7