Book 1 Unit 6.ppt

1、Unit Six Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer 工业管理工程师萨姆亚当斯,1. industrial a. industry n. 工业；产业 industrialist n. 工业（企业）家 industrialize v. 使工业化 industrious a. diligent 勤劳的，勤奋的,New Words,2. neat: (1) a. in good order; tidy,He always keeps his bedroom neat.,Premier Zhou Enlai was neat about his appearance.,(2)

2、cleverly said or done 巧妙的 e.g. The Foreign Ministry spokesman gave the reporter a neat answer. You have done a neat job. Congratulations!,-ary: 表示 的,secondary primary revolutionary imaginary planetary 行星的,3. expert: n. person with special knowledge, skill or training. (at / in),be expert at / in / o

3、n doing sth. He is an expert at figure skating.,an expert in economics;,It is quality, not quantity, that is important.,4. quality: n. high degree of goodness,All the products in this factory are produced according to international quality standards.,(2) special characteristic of sth. or sb. 性质；特性 T

4、he Chinese people are praised for their qualities such as bravery and diligence.,5. bachelor n. a person who had the first university degree 学士,BA Bachelor of Arts 文学士 BS Bachelor of Science 理学士 MA Master of Arts 文学硕士 MS Master of Science 理科硕士 PH. D Doctor of Philosophy 哲学博士 Doctor of Science 理科博士 D

5、octor of Medicine 医学博士 Doctor of Laws 法学博士,6. basis: n. foundation,What is the basis of your idea? The two countries established diplomatic relations on the basis of equality and mutual benefits.,His theory has a solid basis.,on a first-name basis,on a five-day-a-week basis,有（直称其名的）亲密关系；,一周上班5天制,on

6、daily/weekly basis: every day/week,compare,foundation course 基础课 foundation stone 基石 foundation 基础，根据 basis 基础 base 基地 ground 根据,7. consultant n. a person who gives professional or technical advice 顾问 consult a dictionary: refer to a dictionary 查字典 -ant: 名词后缀 表示人 servant assistant inhabitant account

7、ant,8. amaze: a. vt. fill with great surprise or wonder.,Your attitude simply amazes me.,I was amazed to hear that you were leaving.,b. be amazed at (or by),I was amazed at the news.,9. inspect: (1) vt. examine carefully,Her job is to inspect the service quality of all KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) c

8、hain stores in Shanghai.,(2) visit officially,Some government officials will come to inspect our school next week.,The policeman stopped his car and demanded to inspect his drivers license.,10. Miss: (1) (usually in a continuous tense) lack 缺，短 Her wallet is missing. (2) fail to see, hit, hold, catc

9、h, reach, etc. 未看见；未打中；未抓住；未捉到；未达到；未赶上；错过 He fired but missed the target. Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.,11. relieve v. (1) make less or easier 减轻；解除 ( lessen, ease ) relieve headache/pain/stress Washing machines and microwave ovens relieve the work of housewives. We are relieved to hear that h

10、e returned safe and sound.,(2) give help to those in need 救济；救援 A special fund has been set up to relieve the war refugees. N. relief， to ones relief earthquake relief 救灾,12. boring: dull, uninteresting, tedious Fed up with her boring job, Mary is trying to find a new one.,13.dull a. (1) not bright

11、nor clear 阴暗的；暗淡的,e.g. It is fashion for young girls to be dressed in dull colors. (2)uninteresting 单调的，枯燥的 e.g. a dull lecture / book / film / play / party (3)not sharp 钝的 a dull knife / blade / axe (4) slow in understanding 迟钝的；愚笨的 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.,14. absent-minded 心不在焉

12、的 Because you were absent-minded, you made more mistakes than others. Open-minded 心胸宽广的 Narrow-minded 心胸狭隘的 Business-minded 有经商头脑的 Absence of mind 心不在焉 Presence of mind 镇定自若 Out of sight, out of mind 眼不见，心不烦,15. fire: (1) dismiss sb. from his or her job,Ill fire you if you are late again.,(2) shoot

13、eg. They fired at the enemy.,16. achieve:,Its impossible to achieve fame / success without efforts.,(1) gain or reach by effort. 获得； 达到；赢得,(2) complete, get sth. done 完成；成就,No one can achieve anything without effort.,17. decrease v. (cause to) to become less 减少,e.g. I want to sell this house before

14、its value decreases. The number of serious books published every year is decreasing.,n. decreasing 减少,e.g. There is a decrease in crime rate. The decrease of his importance can be seen by the decreasing number of reporters following him.,18. beautify v. make beautiful 美化，装饰,-ify: 化，是 成为 simplify cla

15、ssify purify justify,19. productive a. able to produce well or much 多产的；富有成效的,e.g. a productive writer Science and technology are the first productive force. The meeting is productive because it has solved quite a number of problems.,20. frequent a. happening often 频繁的,e.g. Frequent communication am

16、ong family members helps build up understanding. N. Frequency 频率,21.promotion n. (1) advancement in position or rank 提升,e.g. If you work at such a slow pace, you will never be considered for promotion. After several drinks, John was bold enough to ask for a promotion.,(2) an action to help sth. deve

17、lop or succeed 促进,e.g. The most important purpose of a sports meet is not competition, but promotion of friendship.,22. co-owner n. a joint owner 共同所有者,co-: 共同 co-worker 同事 cooperation 合作 coeducation 男女同校 coexistence 共存，共处,II. Language Points (Reference背景知识),In the United States, education is the re

18、sponsibility of individual states, not of the federal government (联邦政府), so requirements may vary from one state to another.,The American Educational System,The American Educational System,Junior middle school:,12-13 years old (Grades 78),Senior middle school:,14-17 years old (Grades 912),College:,4

19、 years for a B.A. or B.S. degree,University:,23 years for an M.A. or M.S.; 28 years for an Ph.D.,The American Educational System,1. efficiency n. the ability to do sth. well,e.g. She booked plane tickets for us with great efficiency. Mans biological clock (生物钟) decides at which hours he can work at

20、peak efficiency (最高效率).,2. how I happened to become: what led me to; how came about that I become 我怎么偏偏成为,e.g. The reporters are eager to know how she happened to be on the spot. How did you happen to develop an interest in English poetry?,3. Efficiency expert,“Efficiency expert (效率专家)” is a “noun +

21、 noun” combination, in which the first noun modifies the second. There are many other examples of such combinations in the text work flow (生产流程), quality inspection (质 量检验), assembly line (装配线), and machine operator (机器操作工).,4. come in: have or find a place; have a part to play 起作用；承担（某任务）,e.g. You

22、ask me to work in your firm; but where do I come in and what are my duties? I understand your plan perfectly, but I dont see where I come in.,5.on a short-term basis: temporarily; for a period of time 短期地,Similarly: (to work) on a five-day-a-week basis (to hold a job) on a full-time basis (to pay) o

23、n a piece-work basis 按件付酬,6. look around: look right and left; examine ones surroundings; consider the situation，etc. before making up one mind 掉头看，环顾；观光；察看；事前慎重考虑e.g. - “Can I help you? Is there anything you particularly want?”“No, thank you, I am just looking around.”,7. be amazed at (or by): be g

24、reatly surprised (often pleasantly) at (or: by) 对 感到惊奇，惊愕,e.g. His father was amazed at her rapid progress in studies. The children were all amazed at the feats (技艺，绝技) of Superman.,8. most curious of all: 最为奇怪的是,“what is most curious of all” Here are some phrase of similar construction: 1) most imp

25、ortant of all 2) first of all 3) worst of all 4) above all,9.whatsoever: (more emphatic than whatever, usually used in negative construction) at all 任何的，丝毫的,e.g. He will come for the meeting. There can be no doubt whatsoever about it. Nothing whatsoever can prevent us from carrying out this plan.,10

26、.except for: apart from; with the exception of 除之外,e.g. The room was bare except for a few chairs. The house is in perfect condition, except for a few scratches on one of the doors.,Note: Compare the usage of the word “except”:,e.g. Everybody understood except me. I couldnt do anything except just s

27、it there and hope. We can accept all your suggestions except (for) the last one.,11. go (or: be)on strike: begin (or: be engaged in) a strike 罢工,e.g. Most of the workers voted to go on strike. The workers are out on strike. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁,12.flow (n.) smooth movement 流（动）,e.g. I

28、picked up the phone and was amazed at a flow of angry words from the other end. (vi.) (1) move smoothly 流动 e.g. Tears flowed down the champions face when she watched the rising national flag.,13.assembly n. (1) putting things together to form a whole piece 组装,e.g. It takes a huge hall to finish the

29、assembly of an airplane. (2)getting people together 集会 e.g. They held an assembly outside the White House to ask for more relief funds (救济金).,14.recognize v. know from past experience or knowledge 认识；认出,e.g. I could hardly recognize him because he changed so much in recent years. She recognized at o

30、nce that it was Mrs. Smiths voice on the phone.,15. hold up: (often used in the passive) delay; obstruct 延迟，耽搁；阻碍,e.g. The building of the road has been held up by bad weather. The liner was held up by a thick fog.,16.findings n. (1)(usu. pl.) the result of any research or injury 调查（或研究）的结果,e.g. The

31、 investigation committee published its findings in Washington Post.,(2)discovery or a thing that is discovered 发现；发现物,e.g. Beauty in daily life needs finding. The police is to present findings on the crime spot to the court this afternoon.,17. cover v. deal with; report the details of 论述；报道,e.g. Thi

32、s book does not fully cover the subject. I dont think I can cover all the questions in my talk.,18.background n. the conditions existing when sth. happens or happened 背景,e.g. Usually the preface of a book will provide some background information about the author.,19. result in: have as a result 结果是；

33、导致,e.g. The accident resulted in his death. Eating too much will result in sickness. Result from 由引起的,20.talk over: discuss fully 商量；讨论,e.g. Ive got something to talk over with you. Youd better talk it over with your wife before making a decision.,21. keep up with: go forward at an equal pace with 跟

34、上,e.g. He has difficulty keeping up with the rest of the class. You walk so fast that I can hardly keep up with you.,1. 着手做某事,2. 结果是,3. 工业工程师,4. 工业管理,5. 井井有条且整整齐齐,6. 效率专家,7. 高品质/质量,8. 伪劣产品,turn out,industrial engineer,Industrial engineering,to be well-organized and neat,efficiency expert,high qualit

35、y,products of poor quality,Useful Expressions,Set out to do something,9. 打下良好基础,10. 工程建设项目,11. 学士学位,12. 担当顾问位置,13. 短期,14. 最令人奇怪的,15. 质检,16. 查明,发现,construction project,bachelors degree,come in as a consultant,on a short term basis,most curious of all,quality control,find out,lay a food foundation for

36、 sth,17. 举行罢工,18. 耽搁,19. 导致,20. 商讨,21. 跟上,22. 心不在焉,23. 生产流水线/装配线,24. 工作流程,go on strike,hold up,result in,talk over,come up with,absent-minded,the assembly line,work flow,25. 背景音乐,26. 美化乏味的环境,27. 一位多产作家,28. 工资增加，职位提升,29. 夜/白班,30. 口头报导,31. 覆盖要点,32. 与时俱进,background music,beautify the dull setting,a productive writer,pay increases and pr