period4Learningaboutlanguage.ppt

1、Unit 2 The Olympic Games Learning about language,1 _ to take part in a sports event 2 _ to allow to enter (a course or sports competition ) 3 _ someone who takes part in a sports competition 4 _ level of ability,compete,admit,athlete,standard,1 Find the word or expression.,Discovering useful words a

2、nd expressions,5 _ happening every time with the same amount of time in between 6 _ to take the place of 7 _ short sentence or phrase expressing the beliefs of a person or group,regular basis,replace,motto,8 _ duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong 9 _ special hall for physical e

3、xercise 10 _ to join in,responsibility,gymnasium,take part in,2 Choose the word or phrase that means almost the same as the word in italics.,1 She rose to her feet in one swift movement. A. short B. quick C. immediate D. hurry,B,2. Nowadays all countries can take part in if their athletes reach the

4、standard. A. Today B. These days C. In the future D. Tomorrow,B,3. My son went to see the new stadiums before the Olympic Games began. A. concert halls B. sports halls C. reception buildings D. athletes village,B,4. Li Yan wanted to take part in the Olympic Games as a volunteer. A. someone who offer

5、s help B. someone who offers to pay C. Someone who helps without pay D. someone who works part-time,C,5. What do the five rings on the Olympics flag stand for? A. support B. mean C. introduce D. look like,B,Helena was a great _ in the 5000-metre running race. She had won many prizes and wanted to _

6、in the Olympic Games. So she practised hard every day in order to be _ as a competitor.,athlete,compete,admitted,3 Complete the passage.,standard athlete admit compete responsibility olive wreath homeland,It didnt take her long to reach the _ for entering the Olympic Games. This made Helena eager to

7、 win a gold medal for herself and her _. Unfortunately during the final, she was in front in her race when,homeland,standard,another competitor pushed her on purpose so that she fell down. Poor Helena lost her chance of a medal but the other woman had to take _ for breaking the rules. The judges fel

8、t sorry for Helena and gave her a special prize of an _ instead.,responsibility,olive wreath,Answers for Ex. 2 on Page 13: Rules for the Olympic Games,Nobody _ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket. 2. Children _ (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they will _

9、(take away) from the stadium.,will be allowed,will not be allowed,be taken away,3. No animals _ (allow) in the stadium. 4. Cheating by athletes will not be _ (excuse). They _ (tell ) to leave. 5. No smoking will be _ (allow). If you are discovered, you _ (ask) to pay ten dollars.,will be allowed,wil

10、l be told,allowed,will be asked,excused,Grammar,Passive Voice,We watched a video just now. A video was watched by us just now. We watch a video. A video is watched by us. We will watch a video. A video will be watched by us. We are watching a video. A video is being watched by us.,English,English _

11、by the most people in the world. (speak),is spoken,飘,The book _ by Margaret Mitchell. (write),Gone with the wind,was written,The umbrella _ for keeping off the rain. (use),is used,The light _ by Thomas Edison . (invent),was invented,The 2016 Olympic Games _ in Brazil.,will be held,被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作

12、的执行者时, 谓语的 形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的 承受者时, 谓语要用被动语态。被动语态 由助动词be+过去分词构成, 时态通过be 表现出来。,英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voice),A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。,B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。,We planted the tree.,The tree was planted by us.,We speak English.,主语,谓语,宾语,English is spoken by us.,主语,谓语,宾语,主动语态,被动语态,The

13、y cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。,何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确, 不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。如： My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、 “大家说”等时。如： It is said that one day he c

14、limbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that ,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。如： Tina is asked to come by Paul Tina是被Paul叫来的。 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。如： He was born in October, 1989,The Structure is,助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 (be+V.P.P),被动语态由“助动词be

15、+及物动词的 过去分词”构成, 助动词be有人称、数 的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词 时一样。如: The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher. I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的, 去y变i加-ed,study

16、-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母, 先双写该辅音字母, 再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,典型题例例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.,在改写中应注意： 1. 把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态 的主语; 2. 把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3. 主动语态中的主语变为介

17、词by的宾语。,主变被解题步骤:,1. 找宾语 -即动作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即be动词的单复数.,are were,3. 判断动词的时态 -即be动词的时态.,4. 修改谓语的时态 -即原句动词改为过去分词,made,5. 修改原句的主语 -即by+ 主语.,by them.,Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom.,Tom broke the windows. The windows were broken by Tom.,He brok

18、e the windows. The windows were broken by him.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时： S(主语)+am/is /are(not) +过去分词,变为被动语态,He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.,The motorbike is ridden to his factory (by him) every day.,We call the sno

19、wman Mr. Strong.,The snowman is called Mr. Strong (by us).,A computer is used in our class every day.,computer, use, class,2. They bought ten computers last year,Ten computers were bought (by them) last year. 一般过去时： S+was/were(not) +过去分词,He bought his friend some fruits yesterday.,His friend was bou

20、ght some fruits (by him) yesterday.,Some fruits were bought for his friend (by him) yesterday.,bank, rob yesterday,The bank was robbed yesterday.,3. Amy can take good care of the cat,The cat can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should(not) + be+ 过去分词,They can sing some beautiful s

21、ongs.,Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.,“We must put them in the fridge.” The dogs thought .,“They must be put in the fridge (by us).” The dogs thought.,They will have a show tomorrow.,A show will be had (by them) tomorrow.,_ this house_ (sell) by the King? The little girl is so pretty that

22、she _ (admire) by all people when she grows up.,Will be sold,will be admired,The streets _ (light) by electricity. I _ (not invite) to tomorrows wedding.,will be lit,will/ shall not be invited,will not be done 否定结构,Dogs will not be allowed to enter your classroom.,allow,smoking,stadium,allow,Smoking

23、 will not be allowed in the stadium.,Rewrite the letter in future Passive Voice,will ( not) be done,The Olympic Game will be held in London. Many things _(do) for the Game. 30 billion yuan _on the projects. An Olympic Village _ for the athletes and some hotels _ for the visitors to stay in. The road

24、s _ _(make) wider and better and trees and flowers _along the roads. The new Stadiums will be completed (complete) before Many volunteers _ (train) for the game.,will be done,will be spent,will be built,will be built,will be,made,will be planted,will be trained,Many policemen _(send) keep order. Dur

25、ing the 2012 Olympic Game, the best athletes _(choose) to compete and they _ (encourage) to do their best.,will be sent,will be chosen,will be encouraged,2在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。如：,When the dam is completed, the Changjiang River will be controlled. 当大坝竣工时，长江将得到控制。 If I am given enough

26、time, I will go to Japan for my holiday. 如果我有足够的时间，我将去日本度假。,Complete the rules below, using the words in brackets in the proper form.,1. Nobody _ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket. 2. Children_ (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they will_ (take away) from

27、 the stadium.,will be allowed,will not be allowed,be taken away,Rules for the Olympic Games,Rules for the Olympic Games,3. No animals _ (allow) in the stadium. 4. Cheating by athletes _ (excuse). They _ (tell ) to leave and _.(punish) 5. No smoking will be _ (allow). If you are discovered, you _ (fi

28、ne) .,will be allowed,will be punished,will be told,allowed,will be fined,will not be excused,用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。 1. It is clear that Beijing Olympic Games _ (hold) on August 8-24, 2008. 2. While many people turn to computer for news and movies, it doesnt mean that the TV set _ (replace) in the near fu

29、ture.,will be held,will be replaced,3. Many chances _ (lose) if you dont work hard. 4. You _ (fine) by the police if you keep driving so fast. 5. The question is going to _ (discuss) by us. 6. The little girl is so pretty that she _ (admire) by all the people.,will be lost,will be fined,be discussed

30、,will be admired,7. Dont worry about that. It _ (finish) next week. 8. She _ (meet) by her friends as soon as she arrives. 9. I hear that more than one million dollars _ (spend) on the project next year.,will be finished,will be met,will be spent,1. The manager made them work 10 hours a day.,2. A ne

31、w teacher will teach us next term.,3. You should water trees often .,4. You must not plant trees in very dry earth .,They were made to work 10 hours a day.,We will be taught by a new teacher.,Trees should be watered often.,Trees must not be planted in very dry earth.,句型转换,For more exercises, click here.,单选题,1. These films _ until tomorrow morning. A. cant develop B. arent developing C. wont be developed D. wont develop 2. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose,3. A party is going to _ tonight. Would you li