绪论和人际沟通的相关理论.ppt

1、First Hospital of HARBIN Medical University 吴怀兰,Interpersonal Communication,第一章 绪论 Chapter Preface,人际沟通,1,2,The importance of learning interpersonal communication,Nurse need good interpersonal relationship,Chapter Preface 绪论,Objectives 目标,Part one The importance of learning （IPC） 一、学习人际沟通的重要性,沟通无处不在

2、,沟通无时不有,The quality of life is the quality of communication.,1. 人际沟通与人际关系辩证关系 The dialectical of relationship and communication,1）人际沟通是人际关系发展和形成的基础 2） 人际沟通状况决定人际关系状况 Good communication closed relationship 3） 人际沟通与人际关系的研究重点不同,Form 形式 Procedure过程,Psychic relation 心理关系,Why Good communication is importa

3、nt,Carnegie ：,一个成功的企业家只有15%是靠它的专业 知识，而85%是靠它的人际关系与领导能力。 Communication skills are some of most important skills that you need to succeed in the workplace. 我们成就一生的首要能力是沟通能力！,Communication skills are the single more important factor in choosing managers,与人相处的学问，在人类所有的 学问中应该是排在前面的，沟通能够 带来其他知识不能带来的力量。,Pa

4、rt two,The nurses need communication ability,Core competence 核心能力,Communication 沟 通,Technique 技 术,Communication is the heart of nursing,From the miracle of birth to the mystery of death, as a Nurse ,you will travel with the clients and family, along this journey, Finely tuned communication skills, t

5、uned through the life music of the nurses own journey , are essential.,社会活动需要沟通能力,护士职业需要沟通能力,个人发展需要沟通能力,1.培养人际沟通能力的必要性,social community,professional ability,personal development,Interview for nurse /survey,Global requirement in medical education,2.人际沟通课程与护理工作关系,77%患者希望与护士每天交谈一次 86.9%患者希望沟通的内容与疾病有关 家

6、属、医生、同事、医技人员.,医疗纠纷84%是由于沟通不良带来的,第二章 人际沟通的相关理论,人际沟通的相关理论 Communication Theory,第二章 Chapter ,第一节 概述 Overview,1.Meaning and types 2.key element and model 3. function,1.沟通的含义与类型 2.沟通构成要素与 模式 3.沟通的功能,沟通： 是信息发送者遵循一 系列规则，凭借一定 媒介将信息发给信息 接收者，并通过反馈 以达到理解的过程。,一、沟通的含义与类型 Definitions and Types,Communication is a

7、process of transferring information from one entity to another.,types :,1 internal transmission 内在传播,2 interpersonal dissemination 人际传播,3 Organizational transmission 组织传播,4 community transmission 群体传播,5 inter-massed transmission 大众传播,二、沟通的构成要素与基本模式,Ingredient and model,Ingredientmodel,信息背景 backgroun

8、d,发出者 sender,反馈 feedback,接收者 receiver,信道Route of transmission,信息 Message,Key Point,The communication process,receiver,decoding,source,encoding,channel,msg,msg,msg,msg,feedback,三 、沟 通 的 功 能,function,Physiological 生理功能,Psychological 心理功能,Social 社会功能,Decision 决策功能,第二节 人际沟通理论theroy,1、meaning and types 2

9、、levels and tincture 3 、influence factors,definition,人际沟通 是指人们运用 语言或非语言符号 系统进行信息交流沟通的过程。,Key point,(IPC) is the study of how humans interact with each other through verbal and non-verbal messages to create meaning and build relationships.,(IPC) Types,按沟通符号： language nonverbal 按沟通渠道： formal informal

10、按沟通流向： vertical 纵向 horizontal 横向,(IPC) Types,沟通方向 ： one way tow way 沟通目的： consult 征询 impart 告知 persuade 说服 沟通意识： intend unintended,沟通的层次 level,一般性沟通,事物性沟通,分享性沟通,情感性沟通,共鸣性的沟通,Cliche conversation,Fact reporting,Shared personal idea,Shared feeling,Peak communication,沟通的层次,情感性沟通,共鸣性沟通,高,高,低,低,信任程度,参与程度,

11、分享性沟通,事务性沟通,一般性沟通,Influence factors,Environment 环境因素,Organization 组织因素,Media 媒介因素,Personality 个人因素,transmission level层次 transmission route途径,Physical psychic,Psychological心理 boby factor 身体 Cultural 文化 Language 语言 Message 信息,Silence Comfort distance,Confidential隐秘 Background背景,第三节护理工作中的沟通,Communicati

12、on in Nursing,Ten rules for talking with patient,1 Respect each patient as a unique（独一无二） human being, accepting his or her responses, values, and decisions. 2 Be punctual（准时的） and polite; introduce yourself at beginning of any patient encounter（遇到） and definitely before any intervention.,Ten rules,

13、3 Demonstrate（展示） respect for patient privacy （隐私）, comfort, and confidentiality （机密）. 4 Listen for what is said and not said because what is not spoken may be as important as the words that are heard.,Ten rules,5 Avoid rote responses or slang 俚语 because they may patronize保护 or minimize their feelin

14、g. 6 Do not force patients to talk when they are not ready.,Ten rules,7 Be humble谦虚 and honest about what you know, and seek other sources of information that may benefit the patient. 8 Maintain hope in adversity逆境, strive for independence in disability , and use creativity to plan nursing care.,Ten

15、 rules,9 Use humor to convey humility and joy , to lighten a situation, and to share common experiences. 10 Utilize any form of communication that allows patients needs, questions , and concerns to be understood.,Communication in Nursing,There is no other skill that is used more in nursing than comm

16、unication. Nursing provides a unique opportunity -the chance to communicate and with people to improve their health.,Reflections on？,1 Do you think of this course can improve your communication ability? 2 How will you implement this new knowledge or skill?,第一章第三节 护理工作中的人际沟通,一、人际沟通在护理工作中的作用 连接作用 精神作用 调节作用,重点 、难点！,二、护士人际沟通能力的培养,护士人际沟通能力培养的标准,1在各种场合用个种媒介有效表达自己； 2 在评估市健康教育中表现出沟通的技能； 3 帮助患者获得和解市健康知识的意义和效果； 4 于其他专业人员建立和保持有效工作关系； 5 对有特殊需求的患者运用不同的沟通方法； 6 具有清晰、准确、逻辑的书写能力； 7 在护