辽宁珲市高考英语语法填空和阅读能力训练（8）.doc

辽宁珲春市2015高考英语语法填空和阅读能力训练（8）及答案语法填空。阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填 入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标 号为1625的相应位置上。while many young people were enjoying the final weeks of summer vacation, zach bonner was working his hardest. according to 16 _ st. petersburg times, zach started walking from valrico, florida, his hometown, on christmas,2009, and stepped over the los angeles city line nine months later in september, racking up a total of 2,478 miles 17 _ raising close to $120,000 for kids in need. along the way, zach attended school online, thanks to his mother, laurie bonner, and brother and sister. 18 _ alternated walking and driving alongside him. despite 19 _ age, zach has a long history of helping others. 20 _ hurricane charley hit town in 2004，zach，then six, pulled a wagon through his neighborhood collecting food for storm victims. since then, he 21 _ (raise) some $400,000 for his tax-exempt little red wagon foundation, which gives money to projects aiding 22 _ (home) and troubled children. in 2007，zach began walking to support a childrens charity in florida, 23 (finish) his journey 23 _ days later, 280miles away in tallahassee. then 24 _ the summer of 2009，he walked about 670 miles from atlanta to washington, d.c., in just two months. 25 _ really keeps me going is these kids, zach has said. they dont get to say, im tired of being homeless. so why should i get to quit?【参考答案】语法填空：16.the 17.and 18.who 19.his 20.when 21.has raised 22.homeless 23.finishing 24.in 25.what完形填空in my early childhood, my parents and teachers taught me to be persistent(执着的)in every task i devoted myself to. i was1that persistence is the only way towards success. but a small2made me change my mind. one day my two-year-old son, 3at a dozen of“stood”color marker-pens, cheered excitedly, “mummy, look! i did it. ”afterwards, he collected some ballpoint pens, 4to do the same. hard though he tried, the ballpoint pens just lay5. he turned to me for help. noticing they had either sharp or round ends, i said6, “mummy cant help you. ”to my surprise, he wouldnt listen and continued trying. . . i was dumbfounded by his persistence. my sons behaviour reminded me of george who was always7in his work and rarely talked to anyone. to him, 8, there was no such thing called weekends or holidays. our boss praised9about him and10us to look up to him as a role model. one day i met george. “gonna work late again tonight? ”“probably i cant leave till midnight, ”he said. “how many hours have you put in here each week, eighty or ninety? ”“11. ”“dont you have time to be with your family at all? ”he shook his head slowly and12a sigh. “its not what i wanted. but i have worked on it for so long. its much too13to even think about letting go. ”a year later i resigned. the14thing i heard about him was that his wife divorced him. since then ive never seen him. but occasionally his aged15would come to my mind. until that day, 16knowing why the ballpoint pens couldnt stand up, the two-year-old son had17the impossibility after many failures. he put aside all the ballpoint pens and kept only those marker-pens for his“game”. 18, he already learned to let go of his previous19attempts. in our daily life, many headaches can be avoided if we know how to20them and then decisively let them go immediately. 【文章大意】作者自小就被父母和老师教育: 做任何事都要执着, 但一次两岁的儿子试图将圆珠笔竖起来, 结果却没能成功, 这让她想起一个名叫george的朋友, 他是个工作狂, 心中只有工作, 没有家人, 结果妻子与他离婚。这让作者意识到生活中有许多自己不能做的事, 该放手时就放手, 这样生活才能有乐趣。作者欣慰地看到自己的儿子在玩笔的游戏中已经学会了这一点。1. a. confidentb. consistentc. consciousd. convinced【解析】选d。前后照应题。因为小时候, 父母和老师教育“我”做每件事时都要执着。所以“我”一直相信(i was convinced)执着是成功的唯一途径。2. a. eventb. incidentc. accidentd. affair【解析】选b。词义辨析题。event多指重要、有意义的大事件; incident指平常小事; accident指意外事故; affair泛指事件, 事务。此处语境指儿子玩记号笔, 应为平常小事。3. a. pointingb. shoutingc. screamingd. laughing【解析】选a。前后照应题。一天我两岁的儿子指着(point at)一堆竖着的彩色记号笔, 兴奋地欢呼着。4. a. insistingb. requiringc. intendingd. urging【解析】选c。前后照应题。后来, 儿子又拿了一些圆珠笔, 打算做同样的事, 即把圆珠笔也竖起来。intend to do sth. 打算做某事。5. a. flatb. silentc. stilld. quiet【解析】选a。背景知识题。根据hard though he tried(尽管他费了很大的劲试着将圆珠笔竖起来)可知结果没有成功, 圆珠笔仍然没有竖起来。因为这些圆珠笔要么是尖头, 要么是圆头。lie flat意思是“平躺着”。6. a. deliberatelyb. casuallyc. unintentionallyd. enthusiastically【解析】选b。前后照应题。看到这些圆珠笔要么是尖头要么是圆头, 我不加考虑地(casually)说: “妈妈帮不了你。”但儿子不听, 继续坚持做下去。7. a. interestedb. busyc. devotedd. buried【解析】选d。前后照应题。be buried in his work专心致志地忙于他的工作。这由后文的“他很少和任何人讲话”可知。8. a. thereforeb. howeverc. otherwised. though【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。因为他总是忙于自己的工作, 因此(therefore)对他来说没有周末或假日这样的概念。9. a. highb. highlyc. welld. much【解析】选b。固定搭配题。因为他一心扑在工作上, 所以老板对他高度赞扬。10. a. promisedb. demandedc. inspiredd. appealed【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。老板鼓舞我们把他当成模范榜样看待。11. a. at randomb. at timesc. at mostd. at least【解析】选d。前后照应题。因为作者的朋友george是个工作狂, 所以每周至少工作80或90小时。12. a. let offb. let outc. sent offd. sent out【解析】选b。前后照应题。根据shook his head slowly(慢慢摇头)可知此处他发出(let out)一声叹息。13. a. encouragingb. comfortablec. painfuld. ashamed【解析】选c。前后照应题。根据george讲的话可知“他心中只有工作, 没有家人”, 所以“他认为即使想(在工作方面)放手也是很痛苦的(painful)”。14. a. latterb. laterc. lastd. lately【解析】选c。前后照应题。根据后面一句“since then ive never seen him. ”可知此空填last, 说明“这是我听到有关他的最后一件事”。15. a. pictureb. figurec. reflectiond. image【解析】选d。前后照应题。根据come to my mind可知此处选image。虽然后来我再也没见到过他, 但他年迈的形象还会出现在我的脑海中。16. a. forb. withc. withoutd. besides【解析】选c。前后照应题。直到那一天, 我两岁的儿子虽然并不知道为何圆珠笔竖不起来, 但是在多次失败后学会了接受这种不可能。17. a. receivedb. acceptedc. refusedd. rejected【解析】选b。词语辨析题。accept指“主观接受”, 而receive指“客观上收到”。c、d两项指“拒绝”。18. a. generallyb. eventuallyc. additionallyd. obviously【解析】选d。前后照应题。儿子将不能竖起来的圆珠笔放在一边, 只留下可以站起来的记号笔用来玩游戏。很明显(obviously), 他已经学会了对以前无用的(useless)尝试选择放弃。19. a. uselessb. endlessc. hopefuld. meaningful【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。上文中的many failures已提示, 可推知他做了一些无用的尝试。useless无用的。20. a. clarifyb. distinguishc. identifyd. acknowledge【解析】选c。前后照应题。在我们的日常生活中, 很多令人头疼的事是可以避免的, 只要我们知道如何鉴别(identify)它们并果断地做出放弃的决定。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013四川，e)fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting (收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.sarah garfinkel at the brighton and sussex medical school said: “our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”the study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reaction to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. dr garfikel said, “the study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we dont seeand guide whether we see fear.”to further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner (扫描仪 ) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a persons feeling of fear. “we have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain speak to each other to change our feeling and reduce fear，” dr garfinkel said. “we hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”文章大意：一项研究表明，人的心脏能够对人感知恐惧的反应产生影响。13what is the finding of the study? aones heart affects how he feels fear. bfear is a result of ones relaxed heartbeat. cfear has something to do with ones health. dones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear. 答案：a细节理解题，由第一段可知，研究发现心脏跳动的周期与人感觉害怕的可能性之间存在联系。14the study was carried out by analyzing _.avolunteers heartbeats when they saw terrible picturesbthe time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditionscvolunteers reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scansddifferent pictures shown to volunteers and their heartbrain communication答案：c细节理解题，由第四段第一句话可知，本次研究是通过向20名志愿者展示令人恐惧的图片来测验他们的反应来进行的。15which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in paragraph 6?aorder. bsystem. cmachine. dtreatment. 答案：b词义猜测题，由第六段可以得知，心脏和大脑能够“对话”来改变情感、减少恐惧，所依赖的当然应该是身体中的某个系统。16this study may contribute to _.atreating anxiety and stress betterbexplaining the cycle of fear and anxiety cfinding the key to the heartbrain communicationdunderstanding different fears in our hearts and heads答案：a细节理解题，由文章最后一段可知，本项研究对研发解决焦虑症和由于压力大而产生的紊乱治疗方法会有帮助。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。eating foods high in trans-fats (fats present in artificial form in industrially-produced cakes and fast food.) and saturated (饱和的) fats increases the risk of depression, according to a spanish study, confirming previous studies that linked “junk food” with the disease. researchers also showed that some products, such as olive oil, can fight against the risk of mental illness. authors of the wide-reaching study, from the universities of navarra and las palmas, followed and analyzed the diet and lifestyle of over l2,000 volunteers over six years. when the study began, none of the participants had been diagnosed with depression; by the end, 657 of them were new sufferers. “participants with an increased consumption of trans-fats presented up to a 48 percent increase in the risk of depression when they were compared to participants who did not consume these fats,” the head study author said. “the more trans-fats were consumed, the greater harmful effect they produced in the volunteers.” the research team found, at the same time, that after assessing the effect of polyunsaturated fats made up of larger amounts of fish and vegetable oils and olive oil, these products are associated with a lower risk of suffering depression. the report, published in the online journal plos one, noted the research was performed on a european population that enjoys a relatively low intake of trans-fatsmaking up only 0.4 percent of the total energy taken in by the volunteers. “despite this, we observed an increase in the risk of suffering depression of nearly 50 percent,” said researcher miguel martinez. “on this basis we think it of great importance to take this effect into account in countries like the united states, where the percentage of energy derived from these fats is around 2.5 percent.” the report pointed out that the current number of depression sufferers in the world is around l50 million people, and has increased in recent years. this rise i