江苏省南京市高考英语最后冲刺 阅读理解巩固自练10(1).doc

2014江苏省南京市高考英语阅读理解巩固自练阅读理解 (2013哈尔滨市质检，b)bursting into the classroom from recess (课间休息), 15 children take their seats and face the woman they know as ms. yang.“what day is it today？” she asks, in mandarin chinese (普通话)“confucius birthday！” the fifth graders shout in mandarin.“why do we celebrate confucius birthday？”“because hes the greatest teacher in the history of china！” exclaims a brownhaired girl. she is speaking mandarin.english is rarely heard in lisa yangs class at the chinese american international school (cais), despite the fact that few students are native speakers of mandarin.the united states is actively trying to increase the group of students in “critical languages” such as mandarin. the students at cais are way ahead in such a trend.founded 25 years ago, this small private school in san francisco, usa, does what few other american schools do: it produces fully fluent speakers of mandarin chinese, by far the most commonly spoken language in the world.mandarin chinese is suddenly hot in american schools. as china becomes the worlds leading economy sometimes this century, schools in the u. s. are scrambling to add mandarin to their list of foreign languages or expand chinese programs already in place.“it really is almost unprecedented (无前例的). people are looking at china as a force to be reckoned with. and to ensure that the u. s. has the ability to conduct trade, and to work with the chinese, certainly having an understanding of chinese language and culture is an advantage，” said marty abbott of the american council on the teaching of foreign languages(actfl)to develop chineselanguage programs has not been smooth. a shortage of trained teachers has made it difficult for some schools to join the race. when schools do get teachers, they often hire them straight from china, and the teachers usually suffer culture shock when they come to the u. s.robert liu remembers his first two years in an american classroom. it was not an easy adjustment. “in china, students respect their teachers，” he said. liu found that american students, however, expect an active teaching style. he had to use games to engage them rather than lectures.to avoid many of the problems with foreign teaching styles, the cais has been working with the chinese government to improve training of teachers who are sent to the u. s.文章大意：本文为一篇说明文。随着中国经济地位的增长，美国的很多学校掀起了学习汉语的热潮。5which of the following is not true according to the passage?aunderstanding chinese language and culture is helpful to work with chinese.bchineselanguage programs have met trouble during the development.cmany other american schools do the same as cais, founded 25 years ago.da lack of trained mandarin chinese teachers is a problem for the programs.答案：c推理判断题。根据文章第八段第一句“founded 25 years ago, this small private school in san francisco, usa, does what few other american schools do.”可知，c项中“many other american schools”表述错误。故答案选c。6what kind of problem is the most difficult to adjust in teaching chinese in america?ato adapt themselves to the american life styles.bto communicate with the american students.cto get along well with the american students.dto be fit for the cultural differences in teaching styles.答案：d推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的“the teachers usually suffer culture shock when they come to the u. s”和倒数第二段内容可知，中国老师到美国任教时，遭遇到的最大问题就是文化冲击，由于教学风格的不同，老师们需要做出很大的调整。故答案选d。7the meaning of the underlined word “scrambling” is similar to _.aclimbing brushing cchanging dbeating答案：b词义猜测题。根据第九段画线词上下句内容可知，画线词所在句的句意为：由于中国将会成为本世纪领先的经济体，很多美国学校正在加紧将普通话列入他们的外语名单当中或扩大现在已有的汉语项目。因此，画线词应为“加速，加紧”之意，故答案选b。8it can be learned from the passage that _.athe students in lisa yangs class usually speak chinesebthere are few american students in lisa yangs classcwe celebrate confucius birthday because hes the greatest history teacherdin america the students dont respect their teachers答案：a细节理解题。根据第六段中“english is rarely heard in lisa yangs class.”可知，在杨老师的课堂上很少用英语。a项表述正确。故答案选a。根据第五段的内容可知，c项错误；b、d两项在原文中没有涉及。故排除。阅读理解解读when i met him, i had a lot of anger inside of me. ive lived my whole life in spanish harlem, but in my neighborhood, there are shootups all the time. i know kids who have been shot or beaten up. i have friends who were barred in prison. i could have ended up that way, too, but mr. clark wouldnt let that happen.mr. clark worked long hours, making sure i did my work. my grades rose. in fact, the scores of our whole class rose. one day, he took our class to see the phantom of the opera, and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of harlem. before the show, he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full. we did not want to let him down.mr. clark was selected as disneys 2000 teacher of the year. he said he would draw three names out of a hat; those students would go with him to los angeles to get the award. but when the time came to draw names, mr. clark said，“youre all going.”on graduation day, there were a lot of tears. we didnt want his class to end. in 2001, he moved to atlanta, but he always kept in touch. he started giving lectures about education, and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, the essential 55. in 2003, mr. clark took some of us on a trip to south africa to deliver school supplies and visit orphanages. it was the most amazing experience of my life. its now my dream to one day start a group of womens clubs, helping people from all backgrounds.文章大意：本文是一篇写人记叙文。介绍了“我”的老师clark先生，他带“我们”欣赏歌剧、领“我们”一起领奖；他写了一本畅销书在他的帮助下，“我”积极生活，没有受到周围不良环境的影响。1what would happen when the time came for mr. clark to go to los angeles?amany students would be treated to dinner at a restaurant there.bhe would start his new businesses and get more students there.call of his students would go with him to get the award.dhe would take his class to see a movie at a theater there.2which of the following is the name of a book?athe phantom of the opera.bthe essential 55.cspanish harlem.ddisneys 2000 teacher.3from the writers story we can infer that _.athe writer might have been put into prison without mr. clarkbthanks to mr. clarks hard work, the writer won the award for best teachercthe writer followed mr. clark to south africa to help old people in poor areasdmr. clark retired in the year after he was selected as disneys 2000 teacher4according to the text, what does the writer mainly intend to let us know?amr. clark was so successful a teacher that he devoted all his life to his career.bthe way mr. clark helped to raise the scores of his class.cmuch was mr. clark respected and loved by all of his students.da good teacher has a good influence on his or her students.答案：d主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了“我”的老师mr clark对“我”的影响，如果没有他的帮助，“我”很可能像“我”的朋友一样进监狱了。故本文主要说明一个好老师对学生的积极影响。故d项正确。阅读理解(2013哈尔滨市质检，c)your name made you do it, though unconsciously, suggests new research that finds your name can negatively make you achieve less. psychologists at yale and the university of california, san diego studying the unconscious influence of names say a preference for our own names and initialsthe “nameletter effect”can have some negative consequences.students whose names begin with c or d get lower grades than those whose names begin with a or b; major league baseball players whose first or last names began with k are significantly more likely to strike out.assistant professors leif nelson of ucsd and joseph simmons of yale have conducted five studies over five years using information from thousands of individuals.“the conscious process is that baseball players want to get a hit and students want to get as，” nelson says. “so if you get a change in performance in agreement with the nameletter effect, it clearly shows there must be some unconscious desire operating in the other direction.”the researchers work supports a series of studies published since 2002 that have found the “nameletter effect” causes people to make life choices based on names that resemble (类似) their own. those studies by brett pelham, an associate professor at suny university, have found that people are disproportionately (不定比例地) likely to live in states or cities resembling their names, have careers that resemble their names and even marry those whose surnames begin with the same letter as their own.the twist, says, is that he has believed the nameletter effect would apply only to positive outcomes. nelson and simmons, he says, are “showing it applies more so to negative things than positive things.”the researchers say the effect is definitely more of a coincidence (巧合) than a fact. “i know plenty of chrises and davids who have done very well in school，” pelham says.文章大意：本文为一篇议论文。加州和耶鲁大学的心理学家通过研究发现，名字与成功之间存在着“姓名字母效应”，而对此结果，有些研究人员则表示否定，认为这不过是巧合而已。9the new research is mainly about the relationship between ones _.aname and unconsciousness bname and characteristicscname and success dsports and school achievements答案：c细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“. new research that finds your name can negatively make you achieve less.”可知，这项研究发现，尽管是无意识的，但你的名字会对你的成功有一些消极影响。因此可推断出，这项研究主要是研究姓名与成功之间的关系。故答案选c。10who may serve as an example to show the “nameletter effect”？amiss smith working as a lawyer.bmr. watt living in washington.ccharles brown married to sue rogers.dpaula snow fond of the color white.答案：b推理判断题。根据第五段第一句中的“. nameletter effect causes people to make life choices based on names that resemble (类似) their own”可知，“姓名字母效应”使得人们选择与自己姓名字母相似的城市去生活。因此b项“mr. watt living washington”是个很好的例子，因为他的名字的开头字母与城市的开头字母是“w”。故答案选b。11the last paragraph mainly tells us that the “nameletter effect” _.aisnt believed in by many peoplebdoesnt work with certain namescdoes not really existdis often too little to show答案：d推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，pelham认为这项研究的结果纯属巧合，据他所知，很多以c或d为开头字母姓名的人成绩就很好。因此，他认为这种“姓名字母效应”的研究结果没什么作用。故答案选d。阅读理解解读nowadays, it seems that everybody wants to be a leader. countless books about how to manage a company or influence others fill bookstores. but one neednt be a ceo or politician to be a leader. former u. s. president john adams said, “if your action inspires others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.”the key to becoming such a leader lies in character. people follow only those whom they respect, trust and admire. what attractive traits does such a leader have? below are five of the most important.leaders have couragethe new york firefighters who ran into the burning world trade tower to rescue others are modernday models of courage. yet even more than physical courage, the everyday demands of modern life require moral courage. insisting on doing the right thing despite pressure to act otherwise takes such courage.leaders must face fear and doubt in many of the decisions they make. having these feelings doesnt mean one isnt courageous. after all, courage is not the absence of fear. rather, its doing the right thing despite ones fears.leaders are humblebeing humble simply means having an accurate view of ones own limitations. everybody has limitations. leaders deal with theirs by seeking help from others.when leaders seek help, they recognize the skills that order other people bring to the table. and when they are successful, leaders generously praise all who contributed to the success. humble leaders dont promote themselves; they promote others.learning is a lifelong goal, no matter ones position. humble leaders are never too proud to learn from all sources of knowledgeeven those under them.leaders serve othersjust christ said，“if anyone wants to be first, he must be the very last, and the servant of all.” leaders serve others and put the needs of others before themselves. they make the good of everyone on the team a personal priority.leaders who serve others help the whole team accomplish more. leaders do things to make sure everybody has the resources needed. they go the extra mile to help out during a busy rush. when leaders serve, followers are also encouraged to serve each other.leaders have passionmoney or success can motivate someone to show up for an activity. but what motivates one to really put his heart into something? the answer is passionthe feeling that the activity is significant.outstanding leaders inspire others because they are motivated by passion for what they do. leaders show the significance of routine work to others by emphasizing the big picture. they demonstrate how an activity not only benefits the individual, but also ones family, community and entire society. their passion ignites the passion of others.leaders have integrityones integrity can be measured by what one does when nobody is looking. leaders practice what they preach all the time, not just in the presence