高考英语完形填空及词汇基础极品训练题（3）.doc

2014高考英语完形填空及词汇基础极品训练题（3）及答案完形填空-夹叙夹议文(2013江苏)i used to believe in the american dream，which meant a job，a mortgage(按揭)，credit cards，success.i wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else，all of us _21_ chasing the same thing.one year，through a series of unhappy events，it all fell _22_.i found myself homeless and alone.i had my truck and $56.i _23_ the countryside for some place i could rent for the _24_ possible amount.i came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road _25_the potomac river in west virginia.it was_26_，full of broken glass and rubbish.i found the owner，rented it，and _27_ a corner to camp in.the locals knew nothing about me，_28_ slowly，they started teaching me the _29_ of being a neighbor.they dropped off blankets，candles，and tools，and began _30_ around to chat.they started to teach me a belief in a _31_ american dreamnot the one of individual achievement but of _32_.what i had believed in，all those things i thought were_33_ for a civilized life，were nonexistent in this place._34_ on the mountain，my most valuable possessions were my _35_ with my neighbors.four years later，i moved back into _36_.i saw many people were having a really hard time，_37_ their jobs and homes.i managed to rent a big enough house to _38_ a handful of people.there are four of us now in the house，but over time ive had nine people come in and move on to other places.wed all be in _39_ if we hadnt banded together.the american dream i believe in now is a shared one.its not so much about what i can get for myself；its about _40_ we can all get by together.【语篇解读】 本文属于夹叙夹议的文体。作者从自己的亲身经历，反映出一个人的梦不是美国梦，所有人的梦才是美国梦，只有大家共同努力才能实现共同的梦想。21a.separately bequally cviolently dnaturally解析句意：我们都在各自地追求同样的事物。separately“各自地”，equally“平等地”，violently“猛烈地”，naturally“自然地”。答案a22a.off bapart cover dout解析句意：经历了一系列的不幸，一切都破碎了。fall off“跌落，掉下”，fall apart“崩溃，破碎”，fall over“跌倒，摔倒”，fall out“掉队，争吵”。答案b23a.crossed bleft ctoured dsearched解析句意：我在农村寻找一处租金最便宜的地方。crossed“横穿”，left“离开”，toured“旅游”，searched“搜寻”。答案d24a.fullest blargest cfairest dcheapest解析租最“便宜”的是理所当然。答案d25a.at bthrough cover dround解析句意：我在西弗吉尼亚州偶然找到了一处破旧的房子，它位于在potomac河上一条崎岖的山路上方。答案c26a.occupied babandoned cemptied drobbed解析句意：它被荒废了，到处都是碎玻璃和垃圾。occupied“占领，占据”，abandoned“废弃的，遗弃的”，emptied“空的，空虚的”，robbed“抢劫的”。答案b27a.turned bapproached ccleared dcut解析clear a corner to camp in.意为清理了一角来驻扎下来。答案c28a.but balthough cotherwise dfor解析句意：当地人对我一无所知，但是，慢慢地他们开始教我成为邻居的艺术。答案a29a.benefit blesson cnature dart解析benefit“利益，好处”，lesson“课程，教训”，nature“自然”，art“艺术”。答案d30a.sticking blooking cswinging dturning解析句意：他们放下毛毡，蜡烛和工具，并且开始留下来聊天。stick around“徘徊，逗留”，look around“环视”，swing around“到处摇摆”，turn around“转身”。答案a31a.wild breal cdifferent dremote解析句意：他们开始另一种不同美国梦的信念，它不是个人的成就而是睦邻友好之梦。答案c32a.neighborliness bhappiness cfriendliness dkindness解析neighborliness“和睦，邻人之谊”，happiness“幸福”，friendliness“友好”，kindness“善良”。答案a33a.unique bexpensive crare dnecessary解析句意：我最初相信这些东西，在文明生活中是必须的，在这种地方是不存在的。答案d34a.up bdown cdeep dalong解析句意：在山上面，我最有价值的财产是与邻居的关系。up在上文中有出处。答案a35a.cooperation brelationships csatisfaction dappointments解析cooperation“合作”，relationships“关系”，satisfaction“满意”，appointments“预约”。答案b36a.reality bsociety ctown dlife解析句意：四年后，我搬回了城市。根据上文的countryside可推出。答案c37a.creating blosing cquitting doffering解析句意：我看到许多人生活艰辛，失去工作和家园。create“创造”，lose“失去”，quit“放弃”，offer“提供”。答案b38a.put in bturn in ctake in dget in解析句意：我租了一间足够大的房子，可以容纳许多人。put in“放入，提交”，turn in“上交，告发”，take in“接受，拘留”，get in“进入，收获”。答案c39a.yards bshelters ccamps dcottages解析句意：如果我们不团结起来，我们都将住在庇护所里。in yards“在庭院里”，in shelters“在庇护所里，在收容所里”，in camps“在营地”，in cottages“在小村庄里”。答案b40a.when bwhat cwhether dhow解析句意：它并不关乎我们为自己得到什么，而是关乎如何协作。答案d完形填空-文体技法归纳夹叙夹议完形填空所选的文章一般富于哲理性，往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中悟出深刻的人生哲理，因此耐人寻味，可读性较强。在结构上，作者首先叙述一件事情，然后就此事情引申出一个深刻的社会话题或就此事提出自己的观点；或者先提出一种观点或看法，然后就这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，最后再进一步阐述或作出结论。夹叙夹议文在语言上又具有议论文的特点：语言客观、准确、逻辑性强，且具有概括性。那么，我们在做夹叙夹议文类的完形填空题时，需要注意哪些方面呢？1重视文章首句夹叙夹议文常常以文章的标题、首句或简短的第一段导入话题，然后以顺叙或倒叙等叙事的方式适当加以描写，通过巧妙安排，在文章最后概括主题。因此，在解答夹叙夹议文类的完形填空时，考生首先要读懂第一段，尤其是文章的第一句话，这样就可以迅速总结出全文的主旨大意。2理清文章结构夹叙夹议文类的文章通常是先进行叙述，然后在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，提出故事所包含的哲理或总结自己的观点。做题时，考生要跟着作者的思路读全文，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。只有理清了文章的结构，才能更容易地理解文章，作出正确的选择。3抓住文章线索理解夹叙夹议类文章要抓住线索，注意情节的变化，以求综观上下文，达到整体理解文意，从而避免片面性和断章取义。找出叙述、议论部分相关的命题规律与特点，分清论点、论据的习惯表达方式，找准文章的论点、论据和结论句式，使叙述与议论浑然一体。完形填空-说明文(2013安徽)if you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why.do you need it for a_41_reason, such as your job or your studies？_42_perhaps youre interested in the_43_，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a_44_of the language.most people learn best using a variety of_45_， but traditional classes are an ideal(理想的)start for many people.they_46_an environment where you can practice under the _47_ of someone whos good at the language.we all lead _48_ lives and learning a language takes_49_.you will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a_50_.it doesnt matter if you havent got long.becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes_51_.many people start learning a language and soon give up.“im too_52_，” they say.yes, children do learn languages more _53_ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any_54_.and learning is good for the health of your brain, too.ive also heard people_55_ about the mistakes they make when_56_.well, relax and laugh about your mistakes _57_youre much less likely to make them again.learning a new language is never _58_.but with some work and devotion, youll make progress.and youll be _59_by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in _60_ own language.good luck!【语篇解读】 该篇文章属于说明文，主要进述了学语言的原因。学好语言的方式：班级授课及经常练习，个人学习语言的态度，即从不放弃，专心致志。41a.technical bpolitical cpractical dphysical解析根据your job or your studies可知，需要学习语言是出于“实际，实用”。technical“技术的”，political“政治的”，physical“身体的”。答案c42a.after bso cthough dor解析or表示“选择”关系，“或者”。答案d43a.literature btransport cagriculture dmedicine解析根据film，music可知，语言与文学有关。答案a44a.view bknowledge cform ddatabase解析a knowledge of“(掌握)某一方面的知识”。句意：掌握该语言对你的帮助有多大。答案b45a.paintings bregulations cmethods dcomputers解析句意：使用多种多样的学习方法，人们能学得更好，但是传统的班级授课制仍对于许多初学者是最好的起点。根据traditional classes可知，该空应为“学习方式(方法)”。答案c46a.protect bchange crespect dprovide解析句意：班级授课提供了在擅长语言的人指导下进行练习的环境。protect“保护”，change“改变”，respect“尊重”，provide“提供”。答案d47a.control bcommand cguidance dpressure解析under the guidance of“在指导下”。control“控制”，command“命令”，pressure“压力”。答案c48a.busy bhappy csimple dnormal解析句意：我们人人过着忙碌的生活。busy“繁忙的”，happy“幸福的”，simple“简朴的”，normal“正常的”。答案a49a.courage btime cenergy dplace解析learning a language takes time.学习语言需要时间，从下文take years可推知。答案b50a.theory bbusiness croutine dproject解析句意：如果你能定期学习，你将会取得更大的进步，所以你应努力养成一种习惯。由regularly可推知。答案c51a.some risks ba lot less csome notes da lot more解析句意：语言说得流利会需要好几年的时间，但勉强将就则会需要少得多。根据but可知。答案b52a.old bnervous cweak dtired解析根据下文可知，该空应填入与“年龄”有关的词。答案a53a.closely bquickly cprivately dquietly解析句意：孩子学习语言的确要比成年人快。closely“密切地”，quickly“快速地”，privately“私人地”，quietly“静静地”。答案b54a.age bspeed cdistance dschool解析句意：但是研究表明，你在任何年龄都可以学习语言。age“年龄”，speed“速度”，distance“距离”，school“学校”。答案a55a.worry bhesitate cthink dquarrel解析worry about“担心”。答案a56a.singing bworking cbargaining dlearning解析句意：我也听说过人们担心他们在学习中犯错。答案d57a.if band cbut dbefore解析句意：放松并嘲笑自己的错误，你将会少犯这些错误。该处考查连词的用法。答案b58a.tiresome bhard cinteresting deasy解析句意：学习一种新语言从不是轻松的。根据下文but可推知。答案d59a.blamed bamazed cinterrupted dinformed解析句意：在你能用别人的语言说出几个单词时，你将会对别人积极的回应感到惊讶。blame“责备”，amaze“惊讶”，interrupt“打断”，inform“告知”。答案b60a.their bhis cour dyour解析根据上文some people可推知。答案a完形填空-文体技法归纳说明文是用说明的方式介绍人或事物、解释事理的一种文体。说明文体裁的完形填空的最显著的特点是：1开头点题做说明文体裁的完形填空时，要明确说明的对象是什么，是具体的实物还是理论性概念。因此，明确说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提。在近几年的说明文体裁的完形填空题中，作者一般在文章的首句直接点明要说明的对象。2结构清晰把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的写作一般按时间顺序(先后顺序等)，空间顺序(从局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外等)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次等)，认知顺序(由此及彼，由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质等)。在做说明文体裁的完形填空时，应当特别留意以下几点：1通过短文首尾句抓主旨通读全文，看它是属于说明事物的说明文还是说明事理的说明文；是单纯说明类的说明文还是说明加叙述类的说明文。而尾句往往是文章的结论或点睛之笔，由此可知，抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是很必要的。2关注段落间的内在联系由于说明文一般是针对某一个对象从不同的角度和侧面加以说明的，每一段都有侧重点，对这些内容要进行概括、总结，从而找出段落之间的联系，以便更深刻地理解文章的内容。3根据写作手法理解细节说明文中有些细节就是写作手法的体现，而完形填空往往就是针对这些细节进行考查的。所以，考生要学会逆向推理，从正确理解写作手法入手来把握细节。 完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳答案。 when i first came to the usa, i made friends with a neighbor who used to live only two blocks away from my street. we used to visit each other and go out together sometimes. this friend taught me a lot about american 1 ,but in some cases i had to learn the 2 way, because we didnt have enough time together for me to learn all about american culture from him. one day this same friend invited me to a party. it wasnt a(n) 3 party, only some kind of informal get-together. since it was 4 time, we had a cookout, 5 most of his american friends and relatives were known to me, but there were others i had never met before. it was the most 6 party for me when i noticed that everybody was wearing jeans and simple t-shirts for the day, 7 i arrived in proper dress with my shoes and my hair all fixed for a fancy party. it was hard to explain my embarrassment(窘迫)to the other 8 .when one of them turned around and said, “what nice clothes! whats the occasion?” i felt my 9 burning hot. i didnt 10 at all. if she knew how 11 i already felt, she wouldnt have said that to me. maybe she didnt 12 to make me feel uncomfortable, but my reaction had to do with the way i already felt. many times i thought of going home and 13 but i knew they would 14 .it would be even 15 for me because i knew they would quickly think that i felt out of 16 .so i wanted to pretend that i was 17 . i have already realized their 18 are different from mine. they care less about formality(形式) 19 it is a special occasion, like a 20 or a very formal invitation.( ) 1. a. art b. culture c. history d. people提示:由文章第一段可知，朋友教作者了解学习了许多美国文化，而不是“艺术、历史和种族”。答案:b( ) 2. a. easy b. simple c. hard d. different提示:在一些情况下通过艰难的方式我才了解到美国的文化，本题的干扰是different。答案:c( ) 3. a. real b. pleasant c. usual d. evening提示:后面提到“这只是某种非正式的聚会”，因为这不是真正的party。pleasant 令人愉快的；usual 通常的；自然也不属于evening party。答案:a( ) 4. a. summer b. dark c. cold d. autumn提示:下文提到cookout意为“在外面野餐”，也提到其余人都穿牛仔服和t恤衫，故只有 “summer” 才合文意。答案:a( ) 5. a. which b. when c. where d. as提示:这里where引导表地点的定语从句，修饰cookout,意为“在那里他的大多数美国朋友和亲戚我都认识”；when表时间，而which和as均可充当从句的主语。答案:c( ) 6. a. exciting b. surprising c. embarrassing d. enjoyable提示:人人穿牛仔服和t恤衫而我穿正统的套服，头发梳成适合化装舞会的发型，与众不同，自然是“令人窘迫的(embarrassing)”。答案:c( ) 7. a. as b. while c. when d. and提示:while在此表对比，意为“然而”。答案:b( ) 8. a. gue