汉英社会称谓语对比分析.ppt

AContrastiveStudyofChineseandEnglishandAddressTerms汉英社会称谓语对比分析 Introduction Issuesbeinginvestigatedinclude thesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishaddresstermstheculturalconnotationsbehindtheaddresssystemstheproblemscausedbythedifferentaddresssystemsandthefeasiblesuggestions Goalsofthethesis ProvideacomprehensivedescriptionofthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishaddressterms Explorethedeepreasonswhichcausethesimilaritiesanddifferencesofthetwoaddresssystems Beofsomehelptocross culturalcommunication translators languageteachersandthosewhoconcerntheinvestigationofaddressterms Organizationofthethesis ChapterOneDefinitionandClassificationofAddressTermsChapterTwoFactorsInfluencingtheChoiceofAddressTermsChapterThreeTheInfluenceofDifferentCulturesofAddressTermsChapterFourAContrastiveStudyofChineseandEnglishAddressTermsChapterFiveProblemsandSuggestions ChapterOneDefinitionandClassification 1 1Definition1 2Classification1 3LiteratureReview To 1 1DefinitionAddresstermisusedjusttorefertohumanbeings Addresstermisusedjusttorefertothevocatives Addresstermsarethewordsusedtoaddressthepersonsdirectlyinspeech referringtotheaddresseestheyaretalkingtoandindicatingtheinterpersonalrelationshipandattitude Back 1 2 1PopularAddressTerms1 2 2RelationAddressTerms1 2 3PostandRankAddressTerms1 2 4HonorificAddressTerms1 2 5IntimateAddressTerms1 2 6FictiveKinshipTerms Back 1 3 1StudiesbyScholarsAbroadBrown GilmanBrown FordandErvin Tripp1 3 2StudiesbyscholarsAtHomeFirst theyarethecombinationofthestudiesoftheChineseaddresssystemsandthestudiesofthespecificaddressterms Second newresearchmethodsareadopted Back ChapterTwoFactorsInfluencingtheChoiceofAddressTerms 2 1Context2 2Status2 3SocialRole2 4Motivation2 5EmotionandAttitude2 6OtherFactors ChapterThreeTheInfluenceofDifferentCulturesonAddressTerms 3 1TheDefinitionofCulture3 2Culture LanguageandAddressTerms3 3TheInfluenceofChineseCulture3 4TheInfluenceofWesternCulture T0 3 3 1TheChineseSocietyagricultureproduction relativestabilityofsettlement formationoflargegroupsettlement extended familysystem patriarchalclansystem 3 3 2TheUnityoftheUniverseandMantheworldasaunit maintainaharmoniousrelationshipwithothers3 3 3ConfucianismRen 仁 andLi 礼 Lunli 伦理 Back 3 4 1TheWesternSociety3 4 2IndividualismThehighlyvaluedindividualismresultsintheequalorhorizontalrelationship sopeoplelayimportanceon I ratherthanon we 3 4 3Equalityequalchanceforsuccesstheprimarysocialrelationshipswithinafamilytendtoadvanceequalityratherthanhierarchymostfriendshipsandco workersarealsotreatedasequals Back ChapterFourAContrastiveStudyofChineseandEnglishAddressTerms 4 1Similarities4 2Differences 4 1Similaritiessharethesamesocialfunctionsenjoysimilarclassificationssomespecificpointsincommon1 thethreecommonlyusedpopularaddressterms Miss Mr and Mrs 2 titlesbeingusedasaddresstermsinbothChineseandEnglish3 nicknamesbeingusedtoshowtheirclosenessorintimacy Back 4 2Differences4 2 1ConstituentOrderofAddressTerms4 2 2UsageofNames4 2 3FictiveKinshipTerms4 2 4PostandRankAddressTerms4 2 5PopularAddressTerms4 2 6PolitenessPrinciple To 4 2 1ConstituentOrderofAddressTermsInChinese LastName FirstName StemTitle AffixalTitle InEnglish Title FirstName Lastname Back 4 2 2UsageofNamesFullNamewidelyusedinChinesewhilestrictlyrestrictedinEnglishFirstNameLastNameLastName Lao Xiao TongziLao Xiao LastName Back 4 2 3FictiveKinshipTermsInChinese Fictivekinshiptermshavemanypragmaticfunctionsincommunication suchasthefunctiontoindicatetheinterlocutorandtheage thesocialfunctiontoshowtherelationshipandsocialstatus andthefunctiontoshowpoliteness Incontrast itisnotcustomarytoaddressthenon relativesbykinshiptermsinEnglish Back 4 2 4PostandRankAddressTermsRegulationsoftheusageofpostandrankaddresstermsinChinese1 Forallthepartyandadministrativeposts onlytheprincipalpostscanbeusedasaddresstermsandallthedeputypostscannotbeusedasaddresses exceptfortheleadersintheCentralGovernment 2 Inthearmy allthemilitaryranksexceptthelastrankscanbeusedasaddressterms 3 Theadministrativepostswith Zhang长 canbeusedasaddressterms Besides postsinfactoryorcompanysuchas Jingli经理 Zhuren主任 director Dongshi董事 director arefrequentlyheardterms InEnglish postandranktermsusedasaddresstermsonlyapplytoroyalfamily highofficials religiousfield armyandlawfieldsuchas QueenMary PrinceCharles PresidentRoosevelt SenatorFulbright JudgeHardy ColonelQuail FatherWhite GeneralPattern ColonelQuail and Doctor etc Back 4 2 5PopularAddressTermsChinesepopularaddresstermsarealwayschangingAfterliberation Tongzhi同志 In1960s Shifu师傅 IncurrentChina Xiaojie TongzhiandXianshengEnglishpopularaddresstermsareratherstable Theyare Sir and Mr Mrs Miss LN Inthe1970 sthefemaleaddressterm Ms Back 4 2 6PolitenessPrincipleLeech sPolitenessPrinciple PP andthefivemaxims theTactMaxim theGenerosityMaxim theApprobationMaxim theModestyMaxim theAgreementMaximandtheSympathyMaximGuYueguodevelopedhisownfivemaximsofChinesePoliteness theSelf denigrationMaxim theAddress termMaxim theRefinementMaxim theAgreementMaxim andtheVirtues words deedsMaxim Back ChapterFiveProblemsandSuggestions 5 1InCross culturalCommunication5 2InTranslation5 3InTeaching 5 1InCross culturalCommunication5 1 1DifferentConstituentOrder5 1 2DifferentUsageofFirstName5 1 3DifferentUsageofPopularAddressTerms 5 2InTranslation5 2 1Introduction Thefunctionalequivalence5 2 2CulturalDifferences5 2 3RelationshipbetweentheInterlocutors5 2 4Context 5 3InTeaching5 3 1TeachingChineseAddressTerms5 3 2TeachingEnglishAddressTerms To 5 3 1TeachingChineseAddressTermsPrinciple toteachstudentsthosetermsthataretothestudents motivationandexpectationkey toteachstudentsChinesecultureMethods summarization association comparisonandcontrast practiceandcommunication Back 5 3 2TeachingEnglishAddressTermsFirst schoolsshouldchoosetextbookswhichcontainauthenticmaterialswithculturalnotesSecond languageteachersshouldequipthemselveswithmoreaboutthedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishaddressterms Third givespeciallecturestostudentsonthecontrastofChineseandEnglishaddresstermsandtheirculturaldifferences Fourth TVprograms moviesandliteratureworksmaybeutilizedasaverygoodandf